Trophytm Active Protection and Hostile Fire Tm Detection System for Armored Vehicles Trophy
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Mp-Avt-108-56
UNCLASSIFIED/UNLIMITED Active Defense Systems (ADS) Program – Formerly Integrated Army Active Protection System Program (IAAPS) Mr. Charles Acir USA TARDEC AMSTA-TR-R MS211 6501 East 11 Mile Road (Building 200) Warren, Michigan 48397-5000 586 574-6737 [email protected] Mr. Mark Middione United Defense, Advanced Development Center 328 West Brokaw Road, MS M51 Santa Clara, California 95052 408 289-2626 [email protected] SUMMARY United Defense’s Advanced Development Center was selected as the prime contractor for a program currently known as the Integrated Army Active Protection System in 1997. Along with our teammates, BAE Systems and Northrop Grumman Space Technology, United Defense performed a series of technology investigations, conducted simulation-supported concept development and down-selected to a best value integrated survivability suite (ISS) consisting of an optimal mix of armor, electronic warfare sensors, processors and soft kill countermeasure, and hard kill active protection in November of 1998. At that point the program transitioned to a development and demonstration phase in which the United Defense led team designed and fabricated the selected survivability suite (ISS), integrated the ISS onto a customer-selected EMD version BFVA3 test-bed and conducted live threat defeat testing. Static testing against a wide array of live threats successfully concluded in September of 2002. By December of 02, the IAAPS team was back at the range with the test-bed reconfigured for on-the-move (OTM) testing. Successful OTM defeats were conducted with the soft kill countermeasure in January of 2003, with hard kill defeats conducted in February through May of 2003. -
Avoiding Another War Between Israel and Hezbollah
COUNTING THE COST Avoiding Another War between Israel and Hezbollah By Nicholas Blanford and Assaf Orion “He who wishes to fight must first count the cost.” Sun Tzu, The Art of War ABOUT THE SCOWCROFT MIDDLE EAST SECURITY INITIATIVE The Atlantic Council’s Scowcroft Middle East Security Initiative honors the legacy of Brent Scowcroft and his tireless efforts to build a new security architecture for the region. Our work in this area addresses the full range of security threats and challenges including the danger of interstate warfare, the role of terrorist groups and other nonstate actors, and the underlying security threats facing countries in the region. Through all of the Council’s Middle East programming, we work with allies and partners in Europe and the wider Middle East to protect US interests, build peace and security, and unlock the human potential of the region. You can read more about our programs at www.atlanticcouncil.org/ programs/middle-east-programs/. May 2020 ISBN-13: 978-1-61977-099-7 This report is written and published in accordance with the Atlantic Council Policy on Intellectual Independence. The authors are solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations. The Atlantic Council and its donors do not determine, nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for, any of this report’s conclusions. This report is made possible by general support to the Atlantic Council’s Middle East Programs. COUNTING THE COST Avoiding Another War between Israel and Hezbollah CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................2 -
Armoured Fighting Vehicle Team Performance Prediction Against
AFV DEFENCE: JUNE 29, 2021 1 Armoured Fighting Vehicle Team Performance Prediction against Missile Attacks with Directed Energy Weapons Graham V. Weinberg and Mitchell M. Kracman [email protected] Abstract A recent study has introduced a procedure to quantify the survivability of a team of armoured fighting vehicles when it is subjected to a single missile attack. In particular this study investigated the concept of collaborative active protection systems, focusing on the case where vehicle defence is provided by high power radio frequency directed energy weapons. The purpose of the current paper is to demonstrate how this analysis can be extended to account for more than one missile threat. This is achieved by introducing a jump stochastic process whose states represent the number of missiles defeated at a given time instant. Analysis proceeds through consideration of the sojourn times of this stochastic process, and it is shown how consideration of these jump times can be related to transition probabilities of the auxiliary stochastic process. The latter probabilities are then related to the probabilities of detection and disruption of missile threats. The sum of these sojourn times can then be used to quantify the survivability of the team at any given time instant. Due to the fact that there is much interest in the application of high energy lasers in the context of this paper, the numerical examples will thus focus on such directed energy weapons for armoured fighting vehicle team defence. I. INTRODUCTION Performance prediction of collaborative active defence systems for a team of armoured fighting vehicles (AFV) is of significant importance to defence forces investing in modern technology. -
Trophy System As a Safeguard Against Atgms
Schaub 5:00 R09 Disclaimer: This paper partially fulfills a writing requirement for first year (freshman) engineering students at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering. This paper is a student paper, not a professional paper. This paper is based on publicly available information and may not provide complete analyses of all relevant data. If this paper is used for any purpose other than this author’s partial fulfillment of a writing requirement for first year (freshman) engineering students at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, users are doing so at their own risk. TROPHY SYSTEM AS A SAFEGUARD AGAINST ATGMS Nicolas Obeso ([email protected]) A SERIOUS THREAT TO ARMORED increasing the chances of armor failure. This behavior FIGHTING VEHICLES of the explosive is known as the “Munroe Effect”. Due to the requirement of an empty space, shaped charges are able to deal more damage to armor with the bonus As the United States armed forces have found of requiring less explosives. Shaped charges are both themselves embroiled in more asymmetrical conflicts, more efficient and more effective than conventional the proliferation of small anti-tank weapons has explosives when taking out armor [2]. become a pressing issue. Even the latest main battle tanks such as the American M1A2 TUSK (Tank Urban YESTERDAY’S SOLUTIONS Survival Kit) are still vulnerable to attack from anti- tank guided missiles (ATGM) like the 9M133 Kornet Today’s munitions use tandem HEAT charges. and unguided rockets like the RPG 29 [1]. Kornets These tandem charges are designed to take out a tank’s require a team to operate but have a range of several secondary defenses while still having the killing power kilometers and can be guided to their targets. -
The Israel Defense Forces, 1948-2017
The Israel Defense Forces, 1948-2017 Kenneth S. Brower Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 150 THE BEGIN-SADAT CENTER FOR STRATEGIC STUDIES BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 150 The Israel Defense Forces, 1948-2017 Kenneth S. Brower The Israel Defense Forces, 1948-2017 Kenneth S. Brower © The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan 5290002 Israel Tel. 972-3-5318959 Fax. 972-3-5359195 [email protected] www.besacenter.org ISSN 0793-1042 May 2018 Cover image: Soldier from the elite Rimon Battalion participates in an all-night exercise in the Jordan Valley, photo by Staff Sergeant Alexi Rosenfeld, IDF Spokesperson’s Unit The Begin-Sadat (BESA) Center for Strategic Studies The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies is an independent, non-partisan think tank conducting policy-relevant research on Middle Eastern and global strategic affairs, particularly as they relate to the national security and foreign policy of Israel and regional peace and stability. It is named in memory of Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat, whose efforts in pursuing peace laid the cornerstone for conflict resolution in the Middle East. Mideast Security and Policy Studies serve as a forum for publication or re-publication of research conducted by BESA associates. Publication of a work by BESA signifies that it is deemed worthy of public consideration but does not imply endorsement of the author’s views or conclusions. Colloquia on Strategy and Diplomacy summarize the papers delivered at conferences and seminars held by the Center for the academic, military, official and general publics. -
U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel
U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel Updated November 16, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL33222 SUMMARY RL33222 U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel November 16, 2020 This report provides an overview of U.S. foreign assistance to Israel. It includes a review of past aid programs, data on annual assistance, and analysis of current issues. For general information Jeremy M. Sharp on Israel, see Israel: Background and U.S. Relations in Brief, by Jim Zanotti. Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Israel is the largest cumulative recipient of U.S. foreign assistance since World War II. Successive Administrations, working with Congress, have provided Israel with significant assistance in light of robust domestic U.S. support for Israel and its security; shared strategic goals in the Middle East; a mutual commitment to democratic values; and historical ties dating from U.S. support for the creation of Israel in 1948. To date, the United States has provided Israel $146 billion (current, or noninflation-adjusted, dollars) in bilateral assistance and missile defense funding. At present, almost all U.S. bilateral aid to Israel is in the form of military assistance, although from 1971 to 2007, Israel also received significant economic assistance. In 2016, the U.S. and Israeli governments signed their third 10-year Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on military aid, covering FY2019 to FY2028. Under the terms of the MOU, the United States pledged to provide—subject to congressional appropriation—$38 billion in military aid ($33 billion in Foreign Military Financing grants plus $5 billion in missile defense appropriations) to Israel. -
Korean Assault
Korean Assault Republic of Korea (ROK) Data and information on vehicles obtained from army-technology.com This is the fighting vehicle preview for the Korean Assault K1 Sometimes referred to as the Korean M1 (it was developed for Korea by General Dynamics Land Systems Division), the K1 or Type 88 (official title) entered service in 1985/86. The K1 is armed with the Abrams 105mm gun and fires the same ammunition. The K1 is outfitted with thermal imaging system and the gun is stabilized. K1A1 The K1A1 is an upgraded version of the K1 MBT. Its firing range is enhanced by a 120mm M256 smoothbore gun, together with an improved gun and turret drive system. The M256 gun is also installed on the US M1A1/2 main battle tanks and fires the same ammunition as the M1A1. The fire control system includes the Korean Commander's Panoramic Sight (KCPS) which includes a thermal imager, KGPS gunner's sight with thermal imager, laser rangefinder and dual field of view day TV camera and KBCS ballistic fire control computer. 1 K2 Black Panther The main armament of the K2 Black Panther is a 120mm L/55 smoothbore gun with automatic loader. The autoloader ensures the loading of projectiles on the move even when the vehicle moves on uneven surfaces. The 120mm gun can fire about 10 rounds per minute. The K2 Black Panther is equipped with auto target detection and tracking system, and hunter killer function. The gunner's primary sight (GPS) and commander's panoramic sight (CPS) are stabilized, and include a thermal imager and laser rangefinder enabling day / night observation. -
The Uncertain Role of the Tank in Modern War: Lessons from the Israeli Experience in Hybrid Warfare
No. 109 JUNE 2016 The Uncertain Role of the Tank in Modern War: Lessons from the Israeli Experience in Hybrid Warfare Michael B. Kim The Uncertain Role of the Tank in Modern War: Lessons from the Israeli Experience in Hybrid Warfare by Michael B. Kim The Institute of Land Warfare ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY AN INSTITUTE OF LAND WARFARE PAPER The purpose of the Institute of Land Warfare is to extend the educational work of AUSA by sponsoring scholarly publications, to include books, monographs and essays on key defense issues, as well as workshops and symposia. A work selected for publication as a Land Warfare Paper represents research by the author which, in the opinion of ILW’s editorial board, will contribute to a better understanding of a particular defense or national security issue. Publication as an Institute of Land Warfare Paper does not indicate that the Association of the United States Army agrees with everything in the paper but does suggest that the Association believes the paper will stimulate the thinking of AUSA members and others concerned about important defense issues. LAND WARFARE PAPER No. 109, June 2016 The Uncertain Role of the Tank in Modern War: Lessons from the Israeli Experience in Hybrid Warfare by Michael B. Kim Major Michael B. Kim currently serves as the Squadron Executive Officer for the 8th Squadron, 1st Cavalry Regiment, 2d Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 2d Infantry Division. Prior to his current position, he graduated from the Command and General Staff College (CGSC), Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and completed the Art of War Scholars Program. -
AUTONOMY in WEAPON SYSTEMS
WORKING PAPER | FEBRUARY 2015 An Introduction to AUTONOMY in WEAPON SYSTEMS By: Paul Scharre and Michael C. Horowitz ABOUT CNAS WORKING PAPERS: Working Papers are designed to enable CNAS analysts to either engage a broader community-of- interest by disseminating preliminary research findings and policy ideas in advance of a project’s final report, or to highlight the work of an ongoing project that has the potential to make an immediate impact on a critical and time-sensitive issue. PROJECT ON ETHICAL AUTONOMY | WORKING PAPER About the Authors Michael C. Horowitz is an Adjunct Senior Fellow at CNAS and an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Pennsylvania. Paul Scharre is a Fellow and Director of the 20YY Warfare Initiative at CNAS. The Ethical Autonomy project is a joint endeavor of CNAS’ Technology and National Security Program and the 20YY Warfare Initiative, and is made possible by the generous support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. PREFACE Information technology is driving rapid increases in the autonomous capabilities of unmanned systems, from self-driving cars to factory robots, and increasingly autonomous unmanned systems will play a sig- nificant role in future conflicts as well. “Drones” have garnered headline attention because of the manner of their use, but drones are in fact remotely piloted by a human, with relatively little automation and with a person in control of any weapons use at all times. As future military systems incorporate greater autonomy, however, the way in which that autonomy is incorporated into weapon systems will raise challenging legal, moral, ethical, policy and strategic stability issues. -
THE NEXT WAR: How Another Conflict Between Hizballah and Israel Could Look and How Both Sides Are Preparing for It
ANALYSIS PAPER Number 24, August 2011 THE NEXT WAR: How Another Conflict between Hizballah and Israel Could Look and How Both Sides are Preparing for It Bilal Y. Saab Nicholas Blanford The Brookings Institution is a private non-profit organization. Its mission is to conduct high-quality, independent research and, based on that research, to provide innovative, practical recommendations for policymakers and the public. The conclusions and recommendations of any Brookings publication are solely those of its author(s), and do not reflect the views of the Institution, its management, or its other scholars. Copyright © 2011 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 www.brookings.edu ANALYSIS PAPER Number 24, August 2011 THE NEXT WAR: How Another Conflict between Hizballah and Israel Could Look and How Both Sides are Preparing for It Bilal Y. Saab Nicholas Blanford Table of Contents Executive Summary . iii Acknowledgements . vi The Authors . vii Introduction . 1 Potential Return to Arms . 3 Hizballah Prepares for War . 6 Israel Prepares for War . 14 Conclusion . 20 THE NEXT WAR The Saban Center at BROOKINGS ii Executive Summary ebanon and Israel have enjoyed a rare calm waged between them, and both sides have been in the five years since the August 14, 2006 feverishly preparing for the next war ever since the ceasefire that brought an end to that sum- last one ended. Lmer’s month-long war, the fiercest ever action waged between Hizballah and the Israel Defense Hizballah’s Posture Forces (IDF). Since the end of the 2006 war, Hizballah has under- Both sides drew sharp lessons from the 2006 conflict. -
Testimony of Howard A. Kohr Chief Executive Officer
TESTIMONY OF HOWARD A. KOHR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, AMERICAN ISRAEL PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE (AIPAC), TO THE HOUSE APPROPRIATIONS SUBCOMMITTEE ON STATE, FOREIGN OPERATIONS AND RELATED PROGRAMS April 2015 As the Middle East faces its most dramatic upheavals in decades, U.S. security assistance to Israel plays a key role in advancing American strategic interests in the region and ensuring the Jewish state’s ability to defend itself. Iran’s ongoing effort to achieve a nuclear weapons capability and dominate the region, instability in Lebanon, Iraq, Yemen, Libya and elsewhere, the territorial successes of radical Islamic groups and an ongoing, destabilizing and bloody civil war in Syria constitute just some of the potential threats that Israel – and the United States - must prepare to confront in the year to come. In this context, AIPAC strongly urges the Subcommittee to approve the president’s request of $3.1 billion in security assistance for Israel in fiscal year 2016 in accordance with the 2007 Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) signed between the United States and Israel. The approval of this assistance should include the legislatively-mandated terms under which it has historically been provided, particularly provisions mandating the level of assistance, offshore procurement and early disbursal. In addition, we support a robust and bipartisan foreign aid program that ensures America’s strong leadership position in the world. A Region in Turmoil Recent years have witnessed unprecedented turmoil in the Middle East – a phenomenon that has only continued, and in many ways intensified, in the past 12 months. Iran has continued its quest to acquire a nuclear weapons capability despite ongoing negotiations. -
The Combat Performance of Hamas in the Gaza War of 2014
SEPTEMBER 2014 . VOL 7. ISSUE 9 The Combat Performance a clear improvement in performance of medium range and dozens of long since the Hamas-Israel war in 2009.5 range systems capable of reaching as of Hamas in the Gaza War far as Haifa in northern Israel.9 Hamas’ of 2014 Nevertheless, Hamas also showed rocket forces were well prepared for the weaknesses within its military forces. campaign, with a system of underground By Jeffrey White Its rocket offensive, while disrupting launchers spread across Gaza and the life in Israel, and especially in southern means of moving rockets and rocket in its war with israel in the Israel, caused few casualties and little squads to launch areas under cover.10 summer of 2014, Hamas displayed damage. Its offensive tunnel system, a wide range of combat capabilities, while allowing infiltration inside Israel, Hamas expended considerable effort including new offensive and defensive did not lead to successful penetration into the build-up of its ground tactics.1 Hamas’ evolution on the of the border defense system, except forces. These forces were to be battlefield presented serious challenges perhaps in one case.6 Despite the employed offensively against Israel to the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and, defensive tunnel system, Israeli forces and defensively to prevent deep when combined with Israeli operations, caused extensive damage to Hamas’ penetrations into Gaza by Israeli made the conflict the most costly in military infrastructure.7 Hamas’ ground ground forces. Hamas organized the terms of casualties and damage to Gaza forces, notwithstanding their upgrades, defensive battlefield by deploying since Hamas seized power in 2007.2 were unable to prevent IDF ground dense systems of improvised explosive operations.