DOCSLIB.ORG

The World's First Automobile

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The World's First Automobile EPCA PRESENTS AT THE This cartoon is part of an with the esteemed OCCASION OF ITS EDUCATION “ENCYCLAUTO” cartoon assistance of former ACTIVITIES AT THE 48TH strip series on the history journalist and Formula 1 pilot ANNUAL MEETING IN VIENNA of the automobile. Paul Frère and has been A COMIC STRIP ON: The original ENCYCLAUTO published in the original series has been outlined French version in Italy by: BERTHA BENZ’S HISTORIC DRIVE WITH THE WORLD’S FIRST AUTOMOBILE Design: Raphael Cruyt Scenario: Dominique Cruyt English translation: Kevin Saidler © IRSNB - KBIN EPCA AND EDUCATION the years, EPCA – the European towards a career in the chemical industry. This As you read through this brochure, we en- Over Petrochemical Association – has year, EPCA has chosen to adapt and redistribute courage you to have a think about how each organized a number of educational a prior publication of an ENCYCLAUTO comic of the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineer- activities, comprising workshops and short strip, which describes a fascinating story ing & Mathematics) fields figures in Bertha films, in an ongoing effort to encourage young about science, collaboration, entrepreneurship Benz’s story, and what it says about the boys and girls to learn science and to aspire and innovation… importance of STEM in our everyday lives. Watch our short films “Science: Where Can It Take You?” and “Chemistry: All About You” at http://epca.eu/Publication-video-report 2 BEFORE THE DRIVE A B C C D E F G G 1844 1870 1872 1879 1883 1884 1885 1888 the end of his life, Bertha Benz. This story relates At Carl Benz - founder one of the most underrated ex- of Mercedes-Benz - ploits of Mrs. Benz…but first, a attributed his success to his wife, little background is needed… E - 1884: THE BENZ-PATENT MOTORWAGEN – A “HORSELESS CARRIAGE” While Carl was keen to invent on his own creations alone after new machinery, Rose and Essinger work. This led to his creation in wanted to focus their resources 1884 of the first gasoline-powered on the award-winning stationary automobile: the 3-wheeled Benz- engine instead. Forced to align with Patent Motorwagen (borrowed his associates, Carl began working from his tricycle). Bertha and Carl Benz E - A - 1844: BORN IN MUEHLDORF NEAR KARLSRUHE (GERMANY) Fatherless, Carl owes his graduate as a mechanical engineer upbringing to his mother. She lived from the Karlsruhe Politechnikum. just long enough to see her son B - 1872: The Benz Patent Motorwagen BENZ’S FIRST WORKSHOP - F - 1885: THE CARL BENZ & AUGUST RITTER WERKSTATTE A STROKE OF LUCK Married to Bertha Ringer, Carl Intelligent and devoted, she used Fortunately for Carl Benz and a had been working on developing opens his first machine tool to work the treadle of her sewing certain Gottlieb Daimler, Otto’s pat- a way to use the 4-stroke com- workshop with August Ritter in machine to charge her husband’s ent was revoked in 1885. Despite bustion engine (originally intended Mannheim. Overcome with finan- batteries: the spirit of cogeneration never having met Carl, Gottlieb, as a stationary power source) on cial difficulties, he often needs in its infancy! too, was a German inventor who road vehicles. his wife’s help in the workshop. G - 1885-1888: C - 1872-1879: THE AUTOMOBILE - EARLY INVENTIONS - MERELY A STATUS SYMBOL? THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION 2-STROKE ENGINE Otto’s patent being revoked, for world’s first motor-propelled For a long time, Carl focused his inventing his own 2-stroke design. Carl worked on finding a way automobile. He later developed attention on finding new ways Frustrated and about to give up, to use the 4-stroke engine in his three new concepts: the water to improve the patented internal Bertha persuaded him to make 3-wheeled Benz-Patent Motor- cooling radiator, the electric ignition combustion 4-stroke engine of one last effort on New Year’s Eve: wagen, earning a patent in 1886 and mechanically guided valves. German inventor Nikolaus Otto. this time it worked! But in 1878 he tried his luck at As Carl’s associates grumbled about what they thought was a waste D - 1883: of time and money, Bertha Benz became increasingly frustrated TIME FOR A FRESH START - with the lack of public interest in her husband’s invention. In 1888 THE BIRTH OF BENZ & CIE. RHEINISCHE GAZMOTORENFABRIK she decided to take matters into her own hands, presenting the Looking for a fresh start, Carl Max Rose and Friedrich Esslinger TYP III (3rd version of the Benz-Patent Motorwagen) in one of the founded a new company with most legendary publicity stunts in the history of the automobile… 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 AFTER THE DRIVE H I J K L M N 1888 1889 1893 1896 1899 1900 1926 1929 H - 1888: ... K - 1896: THE STORY CONTINUES THE BIRTH OF THE BOXER ENGINE Upon receiving the telegram from the Benz-Patent Motorwagen in Benz was granted a patent for top dead centre simultaneously, Pforzheim, Carl enters the vehicle the late summer of 1888, making his design of the flat (boxer) balancing each other through mo- in the Munich exhibition. Awarded it the first commercially available engine. This mechanical marvel mentum. To this day, this design the gold medal, he begins to sell automobile in history. had horizontally-opposed pistons is still used by Porsche, Subaru which allowed the pistons to reach and the BMW motorcycles. I - 1889: BENZ-PATENT WAGEN WIDE-SCALE DEBUT K - The early 1888 version of the place. With these improvements Motorwagen had no gears and made, Benz’s Model 3 made its could not climb hills unaided. This wide-scale debut to the world in limitation was noticed by Bertha the 1889 World’s Fair in Paris; Benz on her famous trip and the between 1886 and 1893 about addition of another gear was put in 25 Motorwagens were built. The birth of the Boxer engine. J - 1893: VON FISCHER AND GANß L - 1899: AND THE UNVEILING OF THE VICTORIA THE WORLD’S LARGEST AUTOMOBILE COMPANY The company was rapidly expand- create a less expensive automobile By 1899 Benz was producing 572 regarded as the world’s largest ing and in 1893 Benz & Cie be- suitable for mass production. In units per year and was widely automobile company. came a joint-stock company, with 1893 he unveiled the Victoria, a Friedrich von Fischer and Julius two-passenger automobile, which Ganß joining as Board members. could reach 18km/h. The model M - 1926: Under the new directors’ influence, was successful, with 85 units MERGER BETWEEN BENZ AND DAIMLER-MERCEDES Benz began exploring ways to sold in 1893. Although Daimler and Benz did with Daimler-Mercedes began not know each other, the two to challenge the leadership of inventors had been working Benz. In 1926 the two companies on similar projects for a while merged and their automobiles and eventually competition were renamed Mercedes-Benz. N - 1929: THE AUTOMOBILE - MERELY A STATUS SYMBOL? Alerted to Carl’s rapidly deteriorat- died two days later. Bertha Benz ing health, admirers from all over continued to reside in their home the country paraded their cars, in until her death in 1944; she was a last tribute, under the windows 95 years old. of his home in Ladenburg; Carl 12 FROM HORSE POWER TO HORSEPOWER the late 19th century, society remained reluc- WHAT CAN BERTHA BENZ’S STORY TEACH tant to switch to any kind of motor-powered US ABOUT STEM EDUCATION? vehicle, including the automobile. As we saw in the comic strip, Bertha’s jour- In completing the world’s first long distance ney with the Benz Patent Motorwagen was automobile trip, it had been Bertha Benz’s not without its challenges. While she did intention to demonstrate the effectiveness not have a background in science (education of the Benz Motorwagen as a cheaper, was not as accessible to women back then), cleaner and more reliable alternative to Bertha had learnt a lot from many years of the horse-drawn carriage. By parading it assisting her husband in the workshop. Note through villages, and in sharing her story that each of the STEM (Science, Technology, THE SIGNIFICANCE OF BERTHA BENZ’S along the way, Bertha was able to shed light Engineering & Mathematics) skills that she LONG-DISTANCE JOURNEY WITH THE on the various advantages of the automobile accumulated over this time were crucial to BENZ PATENT MOTORWAGEN in a way that had never been done before. ensuring the successful completion of her The 106 km trip from Mannheim to Pforzheim Very rapidly, contemporary observers came journey, and so the successful marketing of represented a dramatic turning point in the Benz to realise the practical uses of motor-powered the car. An application of some of these skills story. For centuries, horse-drawn carriages had vehicles and the public perception of the car are listed below – can you think of anymore? been the only viable mode of transport, and gradually shifted away from that of a “useless despite the vast technological progresses of curiosity with no future”. S + T + E + M = S + T + E + M SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS Through chemistry, Bertha discov- Being technologically inclined, Bertha was not afraid to get her Mathematics provided Bertha ered that the chemical “lingroin” Bertha was able to understand hands dirty. In addition to using with important life skills, but would serve as a suitable fuel for what was at the time considered a a hat pin to clean a blocked car- above all it gave her the crucial the Benz Patent Wagen. When highly complex and technological burator, one of her most notable criticial thinking and logical rea- the Benz family ran out of petrol, piece of machinery.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MERCEDES-BENZ Prepared By
    Bhartidasan University Tiruchirappalli Project Report On MERCEDES-BENZ Prepared By MAHESHKUMAR DEVARAJ MBA 2ND SEM Roll no. :-BM100728 Exam no:- 10295229 Guided By Professor:- Mr. Abhijit rane College:- Mumbai school of business Academic Year July 2010-july 2012 Submitted To Bhartidasan University Tiruchirappalli DECLARATION I Maheshkumar Devaraj, student of MBA of Mumbai school of Business hereby declare that the project work presented in this report is my own work. The aim of this study is to understand the general information of Mercedes-Benz. I guarantee that this project report has not been submitted for the awards to any other university for degree, diploma or any other such prizes. CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the Project Report entitled “An Overview of Mercedes-Benz ” is a bonafied of project work done by MAHESHKUMAR DEVARAJ submitted to the Bharathidasan University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION and that the dissertation has not previously formed the basis for the award of any other Degree, Diploma, Associate ship, Fellowship or other title and that the project report represents independent and original work on the part of the candidate under my guidance. Signature of the Guide Signature of the Supervisor Signature of the Coordinator Director Signature of the Internal Examiner Signature of the External AKNOWLEDGEMENT A successful project can never be prepared by the single effort of the person to whom project is assigned, but it also the hardwork and guardianship of some conversant person who helped the undersigned actively or passively in the completion of successful project.
    [Show full text]
  • 110 Years Since Mercedes' Dad Bought His First
    110Years Since Mercedes' Dad Bought His First Car In 1897, successful German-born businessman Emil Jellinek bought his first car from genius inventor Gottlieb Daimler. He became an enthusias- tic fan of the automobile, took part in the earliest motor races, and quickly became the largest distributor of Daimler cars. A few months after Herr Daimler's death in 1900, Jellinek persuaded the management of the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft to have its chief designer, legendary and visionary engineer Wilhelm Maybach, build a fast, lightweight Emil Jellinek didn't only love Daimler cars; he also and safe car. Jellinek also made a second sugges- doted on his daughter, Mercédès. tion: the new car should bear the name of his daughter, Mercédès, who was then ten years old. And what a new car it was. More advanced than any other of the time, there's no disputing that it set the pattern for all that was to come for many decades. Essentially, it defined the car as we know it today. Of course, during the previous 15 years since Karl Benz had patented his three-wheeler, all sorts of contraptions, both European and American, had been produced that proved capable of moving under their own power, more or less, but none but the 1901 Mercedes deserved billing as "The This example of the first Mercedes was owned by U.S. World’s First Modern Automobile." Instead of a millionaire William K. Vanderbilt. Note how modern the wooden frame, it featured pressed-steel chassis essentials of its design are compared to other cars of members.
    [Show full text]
  • Intelligent Drive Next LEVEL on the Way Towards Autonomous Driving
    Intelligent Drive next LEVEL on the way towards autonomous driving Daimler AG Dr. Eberhard Zeeb Senior Manager Function and Software Driver Assistance Systems RD/FA Pioneers of the Automobile Bertha Benz 1888 Daimler AG / Dr. Eberhard Zeeb / Intelligent Drive NEXT Level Pioneers of Safety Features: Safety with Tradition RD/FA Daimler AG / Dr. Eberhard Zeeb / Intelligent Drive NEXT Level Intelligent Drive: State-of-the-art in automated driving Car-to-X-Communication PRE-SAFE® PLUS Beltbag Remote Park-Pilot Active Lane Keeping Assist PRE-SAFE® Impulse Side DRIVE PILOT with Distance Pilot DISTRONIC, Steering ATTENTION ASSIST Pilot, Active Lane Change Assist, Active Emergency Stop Assist, PRE-SAFE® Speed Limit Pilot PRE-SAFE® Sound Active Braking Assist Active Blind Spot Assist with Pedestrian Detection, Cross-Traffic Function and Congestion Emergency Evasive Steering Assist Braking Function MULTIBEAM LED Headlights with Adaptive High Beam Assist RD/FA Daimler AG / Dr. Eberhard Zeeb / Intelligent Drive NEXT Level 4 Active Brake Assist with Cross-Traffic Function and Evasive Steering Assist • Slower moving or stopping vehicles: 0 – 155 mph • Standing vehicles: collision avoidance up to 43 mph, reduction of accident severity up to 62 mph • Pedestrians: collision avoidance up to 37 mph, reduction of accident severity up to 43 mph, Evasive Steering Assist if driver initiates steering maneuver • Detection of collision danger due to cross-traffic: • Situation adaptive boost of driver's braking power, if necessary up to full braking • Without driver reaction: autonomous emergency braking RD/FA Daimler AG / Dr. Eberhard Zeeb / Intelligent Drive NEXT Level Active Brake Assist with Evasive Steering Assist (Collision Prevention Assist) RD/FA DaimlerDaimler AG AG / / Michael Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Karl Drais Born 29.4.1785 in Karlsruhe, Died 10.12.1851 in Karlsruhe. Short Biography Karl Drais, Baptised As Karl Friedrich
    Karl Drais born 29.4.1785 in Karlsruhe, died 10.12.1851 in Karlsruhe. Short Biography Karl Drais, baptised as Karl Friedrich Christian Ludwig, Freiherr (= baron) Drais von Sauerbronn first was a forest officer employed by the grand duchy of Baden. Later he became off duty whilst retaining his salary and did start a carer as an inventor. Next to others, he did invent a device to record piano music on paper, then a stenograph using 16 characters, two four-wheeled human powered vehicles and on top of all, the two-wheeled velocipede, also called Draisine or hobby- horse, which he presented first time on June 12th 1817 in Mannheim. This was the first vehicle requiring to keep balance whilst using it as a key principle. It was equipped decades later by Pierre Michaux with pedals to become the modern bicycle and further down the road, the automobile invented by Carl Benz. For his inventions, Grand Duke Carl awarded Drais a pension and appointed him as a professor for mechanic science. His experiments with small rail-road bound vehicles did contribute to the railroad handcar, having even today the German name Draisine. Drais was a fervent democrat, supported the wave of revolutions that swept Europe in 1848, dropping his title and the aristocratic "von" from his name in 1849. After the revolution in Baden had collapsed, Drais became mobbed and ruined by royalists. After his death, Drais's enemies systematically repudiate his invention of horseless moving on two wheels. Karl Drais – the new biography © 2006 ADFC Allgemeiner Deutscher Fahrrad-Club, Kreisverband Mannheim http://www.karl-drais.de The new Biography A new biography of Karl Drais, being the inventor of the velocipde was compiled by Professor Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Daimler-Benz AG Stuttgart Annual Report 1985
    Daimler-Benz Highlights Daimler-Benz AG Stuttgart Annual Report 1985 Page Agenda for the Stockholders' Meeting 5 Members of the Supervisory Board and the Board of Management 8 Report of The Board of Management 11 Business Review 11 Outlook 29 100 Years of The Automobile 35 Research and Development 59 Materials Management 64 Production 67 Sales 71 Employment 77 Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies 84 Report of the Supervisory Board 107 Financial Statements of Daimler-Benz AG 99 Notes to Financial Statements of Daimler-Benz AG 100 Proposal for the Allocation of Unappropriated Surplus 106 Balance Sheet as at December 31,1985 108 Statement of Income ForThe Year Ended December 31,1985 110 Consolidated Financial Statements 111 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 112 Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31,1985 122 Consolidated Statement of Income For The Year Ended December 31,1985 124 Tables and Graphs 125 Daimler-Benz Highlights 126 Sales and Production Data 129 Automobile Industry Trends in Leading Countries 130 3 for the 90th Stockholders' Meeting being held on Wednesday, July 2,1986 at 10:00 a.m. in the Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, MercedesstraBe. 1. Presentation of the audited financial statements as of 3. Ratification of the Board of December 31,1985, the reports of the Board of Manage­ Management's Actions. ment and the Supervisory Board together with the con­ Board of Management and solidated financial statements and the consolidated annual Supervisory Board propose report for the year 1985. ratification. 2. Resolution for the Disposition of the Unappropriated 4. Ratification of the Supervi­ Surplus.
    [Show full text]
  • Smartilience Presentation
    SMARTilience integrated monitoring model for the climate-resilient smart city 1 WHAT YOU WILL GET Insight into the topic of climate and resilience Contribute a tool that promotes climate-friendly work in cities (SMARTilience) Informations about transforming research Possibility to become a member of our Peer to Peer Insight into some projects in the area of civil protection 2 CLIMATE ADAPTATION Source: https://www.morgenstadt.de/de/projekte/aktuelle-projekte/innovationsprogramm_klimaneutrale_staedte.html 3 GOVERNANCE AND RESILIENCE “wide” definition of the governance term (see Mayntz 2004; Benz et al 2007 and Zürn 2008) "While the concept of control explicitly targets the control actions of political actors, the governance perspective deals with the institutional structure and its effects on the actions of the addresses (Trute et al 2008: 177)" (Stoy 2015: 34). Preparedness: dealing with possible climate impacts Recovery: probability to recover again 4 CORONA EFFECTS Comparison NO2 in Europe, source: https://www.dlr.de/content/de/artikel/news/2020/02/20200505_corona-effekt- auf-luftqualitaet-eindeutig.html 5 WHAT IS THE SMARTILIENCE PROJECT ABOUT? Promotion by o Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) o Funding measure "Flagship Initiative Zukunftsstadt“ Promoter o DLR German Aerospace Center e. V. Duration o 1-year definition phase (2017-2018) o 3-year research and development phase (2019-2022) Consortia: cities Halle and Mannheim, HafenCity University and University of Stuttgart, Drees&Sommer and Malik Management Gmbh 6 URBAN GOVERNANCE TOOLBOX The operation Development of a socio-technical control model for climate-resilient urban development (urban governance toolbox) Testing of the control model in the Halle (Saale) and Mannheim real-life laboratories The objective to support municipal decision-makers and actors* in taking efficient climate action 7 SMART TOOLS AND WORK PACKAGES Control, planning and implementation of climate protection and climate adaptation measures are data- based.
    [Show full text]
  • Baden-Württemberg Exchange Program
    Baden-Württemberg Exchange Program Program Overview This program is a North Carolina Exchange program hosted by UNC Greensboro. In this unique program, North Carolina students have the chance to study at one of the Baden-Wuerttemberg Universities in Germany, and in exchange, Baden-Wuerttemberg students have the opportunity to study at one of the participating North Carolina public institutions. Program Facts Application & Eligibility Locations Program Dates *University of Mannheim (Mannheim) (Karlsruhe, Konstanz, Tübingen, and Hohenheim ) Heidelberg University (Heidelberg) Full Academic Year .................... Aug, Sept, or Oct to July *University of Hohenheim (Stuttgart) Spring .........................................Jan, Feb, or April to July *Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) (Karlsruhe) *University of Konstanz (Konstanz) Application Deadlines University of Stuttgart (Stuttgart) Fall/Academic Year ...................................... Mid-February *University of Tübingen (Tübingen) Spring ......................................................... Early October University of Ulm (Ulm) University of Freiburg *spring options Eligibility • (All but Mannheim) Minimum equivalency of two years of German Type of Program ............................................... Exchange • (Mannheim) Two years of German if taking German Program Dates classes • Must a degree-seeking student (Most Locations) • Have at least sophomore standing Full Academic Year ........................ October to September • Have at least a 2.75 cumulative GPA Spring
    [Show full text]
  • RE 4/14 Frankfurt - Mainz - Worms - Ludwigshafen - Mannheim/Karlsruhe Linie 660 Anschluss Zwischen Zwei Zügen Ist in Mainz Hbf Nur Bei Einem Übergang Von Min
    RE 4/14 Frankfurt - Mainz - Worms - Ludwigshafen - Mannheim/Karlsruhe Linie 660 Anschluss zwischen zwei Zügen ist in Mainz Hbf nur bei einem Übergang von min. 7 Minuten gesichert. Am 24. und 31.12. Verkehr wie an Samstagen. Montag - Freitag Linie RE 14 RE 4 RE 14 RE 4 RE 4 RE 14 RE 4 RE 4 RE 14 RE 4 RE 4 RE 14 RE 4 RE 4 RE 14 RE 4 RE 14 RE 4 RE 4 RE 4 Zugnummer 4753 4471 4751 14473 4473 4491 29692 4475 4493 14477 4477 4495 14479 4479 4497 4481 4757 4487 29694 4483 Frankfurt, Hauptbahnhof 6.08 7.38 8.38 9.38 10.38 11.38 12.38 13.39 14.38 15.38 16.38 17.38 Frankfurt-Höchst 6.16 7.46 8.46 9.46 10.46 11.46 12.46 13.47 14.46 15.46 16.46 17.46 Hochheim (Main) 6.30 7.58 8.58 9.58 10.58 11.58 12.58 13.58 14.58 15.58 16.58 17.58 Mainz, Hauptbahnhof an 6.43 8.11 9.11 10.11 11.11 12.11 13.11 14.11 15.11 16.11 17.11 18.11 Mainz, Hauptbahnhof ab 5.45 6.52 8.13 9.13 10.13 11.17 12.13 13.17 14.13 15.17 16.13 16.17 17.17 18.13 Mainz, Römisches Theater 16.22 Nierstein 16.32 Oppenheim 16.35 Guntersblum 16.40 Osthofen 6.07 16.45 Worms, Hauptbahnhof an 6.14 7.19 8.39 9.40 10.39 11.44 12.39 13.44 14.39 15.44 16.39 16.52 17.44 18.39 Worms, Hauptbahnhof ab 6.15 7.20 8.40 9.41 10.40 11.45 12.40 13.45 14.40 15.45 16.40 16.53 17.45 18.40 Bobenheim 6.20 7.24 Frankenthal, Hauptbahnhof an 6.24 7.27 8.46 9.46 10.46 11.52 12.46 13.52 14.46 15.52 16.46 16.59 17.52 18.46 Frankenthal, Hauptbahnhof ab 6.25 7.28 8.47 9.47 10.47 11.52 12.47 13.53 14.47 15.52 16.47 17.00 17.52 18.47 Frankenthal, Süd 6.27 7.30 Mannheim, Hauptbahnhof 6.47 Ludwigshafen, Mitte 6.50 Ludwigshafen,
    [Show full text]
  • 68030 Mannheim
    Anlage zur Informations-Vorlage Ranking-Management der Stadt Mannheim Mannheims Positionierungen in den in der Vorlage beleuchteten Rankings Bertelsmann Lernatlas 2011 Rang Stadt Rang Stadt 1 Erlangen 29 Erfurt ___ 2 Heidelberg 30 Kassel 3 Würzburg 31 Leverkusen 4 Heilbronn 32 Osnabrück 5 Ulm 33 Mühlheim an der Ruhr 6 Ingolstadt 34 Bochum 7 Karlsruhe 35 Solingen 8 Augsburg 36 Potsdam __ 9 Regensburg 37 Hamm 10 Mannheim 38 Bielefeld 11 Mainz 39 Ludwigshafen 12 Pforzheim 40 Hagen 13 Freiburg 41 Offenbach 14 Jena 42 Lübeck 15 Fürth 43 Magdeburg 16 Koblenz 44 Krefeld 17 Wiesbaden 45 Herne 18 Trier 46 Bottrop 19 Darmstadt 47 Remscheid 20 Bonn 48 Wuppertal 21 Chemnitz 49 Rostock 22 Münster 50 Duisburg Rathaus E 5 68159 Mannheim Telefon 0621 293-0 (Zentrale) www.mannheim.de 23 Saarbrücken (Regionalverband) 51 Mönchengladbach 24 Oldenburg 52 Oberhausen 25 Braunschweig 53 Halle/Saale 26 Wolfsburg 54 Cottbus 27 Salzgitter 55 Gelsenkirchen 28 Kiel 56 Bremerhaven Seite 2/18 Capital/Feri – Städteranking Wirtschaft 2011 Rang Stadt Rang Stadt 1 Hamburg 31 Nürnberg 2 München 32 Bamberg 3 Frankfurt am Main 33 Ludwigshafen 4 Leipzig 34 Erfurt 5 Düsseldorf 35 Kassel 6 Dresden 36 Osnabrück 7 Freiburg 37 Mannheim 8 Münster 38 Trier 9 Bonn 39 Würzburg 10 Jena 40 Krefeld 11 Rosenheim 41 Gießen 12 Regensburg 42 Kiel 13 Potsdam 43 Duisburg 14 Heidelberg 44 Siegen 15 Karlsruhe 45 Rostock 16 Stuttgart 46 Braunschweig 17 Wiesbaden 47 Bielefeld 18 Ulm 48 Essen 19 Köln 49 Chemnitz 20 Mainz 50 Göttingen 21 Augsburg 51 Lübeck 22 Berlin 52 Saarbrücken 23 Aachen 53 Hildesheim
    [Show full text]
  • Making Bertha See
    2013 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops Making Bertha See Uwe Franke, David Pfeiffer, Clemens Rabe, Carsten Knoeppel, Markus Enzweiler, Fridtjof Stein, and Ralf G. Herrtwich Daimler AG - Research & Development, 71059 Sindelfingen, Germany [email protected] Abstract With the market introduction of the 2014 Mercedes-Benz S-Class vehicle equipped with a stereo camera system, au- tonomous driving has become a reality, at least in low speed highway scenarios. This raises hope for a fast evolution of autonomous driving that also extends to rural and ur- ban traffic situations. In August 2013, an S-Class vehi- cle with close-to-production sensors drove completely au- tonomously for about 100 km from Mannheim to Pforzheim, Germany, following the well-known historic Bertha Benz Memorial Route. Next-generation stereo vision was the main sensing component and as such formed the basis for Figure 1: Autonomous vehicle ”Bertha”, a 2014 Mercedes- the indispensable comprehensive understanding of com- Benz S-Class with well-integrated close-to-production sen- plex traffic situations, which are typical for narrow Eu- sors driving fully autonomously on open public roads. ropean villages. This successful experiment has proved both the maturity and the significance of machine vision for autonomous driving. This paper presents details of villages in the Black Forest. It stopped in front of red traffic the employed vision algorithms for object recognition and lights, made its way through a lot of roundabouts, planned tracking, free-space analysis, traffic light recognition, lane its path through narrow passages with oncoming vehicles recognition, as well as self-localization. and numerous cars parked on the road, and gave the right of way to crossing pedestrians.
    [Show full text]
  • Mobile Stuttgart Many Ways Lead Through the Stuttgart Region
    Press Release (Auto)Mobile Stuttgart Many ways lead through the Stuttgart Region Stuttgart is known as the cradle of the automobile. In 1883 Gottlieb Daimler invented the first fast-running, light engine for universal use, laying the cornerstone for its further development. And in the present day, too, the theme of mobility is still a key issue for Stuttgart's inhabitants in many different ways: The Mercedes-Benz Museum and the Porsche Museum have made the state capital a mecca for automobile enthusiasts from all over the world. Locals and visitors alike use many different means of transport each day, and learn about the history of mobility in various museums and during the tours offered by the Stuttgart-Marketing GmbH. At the "i-Punkt" Tourist Information there's also the so- called "m-Punkt" – the city of Stuttgart's mobility advisory service, which provides tips for residents and tourists on the most convenient mode of travel and the best route. In addition to its excellent ÖPNV public transport network, Stuttgart also scores with a wide range of electrically-powered transportation and sharing schemes, including cars, bikes or scooters. Why not hire an E-scooter to travel from one highlight to the next? Highlights Gottlieb Daimler's Birthplace The first fast-running, light engine for universal use was developed by Gottlieb Daimler, a baker's son who was born in 1834 in a half-timbered house in Schorndorf, near Stuttgart. Daimler's birthplace was acquired and restored by the Daimler-Benz AG and is today a museum and conference venue. Here, fans of this automobile pioneer will find treasures such as the legendary postcard sent by Gottlieb Daimler to his first wife, or his journeyman's piece.
    [Show full text]
  • The Trojan Horse: Imported Automobiles
    CHAPTER 5 suggested citation: Medrano-Bigas, Pau. The Forgotten Years of Bibendum. Michelin’s American Period in Milltown: Design, Illustration and Advertising by Pioneer Tire Companies (1900-1930). Doctoral dissertation. University of Barcelona, 2015 [English translation, 2018]. THE TROJAN HORSE: IMPORTED AUTOMOBILES In the last two decades of the nineteenth century, the furor for bicycles as a personal and economical means of transport led to the invasion of the French market by English and American firms—leading to fierce commercial competition with the country’s own industries—resulting in the collapse of 1898. In the early stages of the new century the full development of the European automobile industry and in particular the French sector—with the inseparable development of the tire—produced a similar effect. However, this time it was the American market that was invaded by imported European vehicles, pre- dominantly from France. 1. Transatlantic travel on wheels Between 1890 and 1891 the first French vehicles marketed by Peugeot—one of the major bicycle manu- facturers—and Panhard et Levassor, appeared on the scene and incorporated the internal combustion engine developed by the German Gottlieb Daimler. French and German investments in technology, which would be imposed on the rest, was based on gasoline-powered engines and collided with the English and North American options, diversified between vapor, electric and gas-powered automobiles. Production data from the United States in 1899 show that there were 2,500 vehicles—about 80% of which used electric or steam engines—manufactured by around 30 companies. Between 1900 and 1901, France was by far the world’s largest automobile producer.
    [Show full text]