Aplicación De La Dispensa Canónica En Los Territorios Específicos

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Aplicación De La Dispensa Canónica En Los Territorios Específicos APLICACIÓN DE LA DISPENSA CANÓNICA EN LOS TERRITORIOS ESPECÍFICOS DE MISIÓN (Vicariatos Apostólicos en Colombia) MIGUEL ANGEL BAUTISTA TRUJILLO Pbro. PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE DERECHO CANÓNICO LICENCIATURA ECLESIÁSTICA Y MAESTRÍA EN DERECHO CANÓNICO BOGOTÁ, 2019 APLICACIÓN DE LA DISPENSA CANÓNICA EN LOS TERRITORIOS ESPECÍFICOS DE MISIÓN (Vicariatos Apostólicos en Colombia) MIGUEL ANGEL BAUTISTA TRUJILLO Pbro. Trabajo presentado como requisito para optar al título de Licenciado Eclesiástico y Magister en Derecho Canónico TUTOR Pbro. Luis Bernardo Mur Malagón, SBD Doctor en Derecho Canónico Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Facultad de Derecho Canónico Licenciatura Eclesiástica y Maestría en Derecho Canónico Bogotá, 2019 Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Rector: Jorge Humberto Peláez Piedrahita, S.J. Vicerrector académico: Ing. Luis David Prieto Martínez Decano de la Facultad de Derecho Canónico: Luis Bernardo Mur Malagón, SDB Nota de aceptación __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ Presidente del Jurado __________________________________________ Jurado _________________________________________ Jurado Bogotá, D.C., septiembre de 2019 Dedicatoria ...al Autor de la vida, el sol, la luna y las estrellas… A la memoria de mi querido papá, a mi amada familia, a mis queridos Obispos de Tierradentro Cauca, a mis hermanos sacerdotes misioneros. A toda la Iglesia en salida, misionera, y a cada uno de los fieles bautizados que cada día se entregan en la única misión de la salvación de las almas… Agradecimientos A Dios y a la Santísima Virgen por haberme llamado a su santo servicio ministerial. A mi querido Obispo, Edgar Hernando Tirado Mazo, M.X.Y., por la imposición de sus santas manos y oración consecratoria. A mis hermanos en el sacerdocio, particularmente del Vicariato Apostólico de Tierradentro. A la memoria de mi amado padre, Martiniano Bautista, a mi amada madre Rosa Elvira Trujillo, a mis hermanos Hugo Ernesto y María Cristina y mis sobrinos Juan Sebastián y Martín Alejandro. A mi querido y actual obispo Mons. Oscar Augusto Múnera Ochoa, por su espíritu misionero y su deseo de la formación permanente del clero. Al señor Cardenal de Bogotá, Mons. Rubén Salazar por su acogida y apoyo. A las comunidades parroquiales de Cristo Maestro y Santa Bibiana de Bogotá, que me recibieron y acogieron y me permitieron vivir una nueva y enriquecedora experiencia pastoral en una misión muy particular. Al Fondo Aloisiano por concederme la beca y apoyo para realizar esta Maestría. A la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, al señor Decano de la Facultad de Derecho Canónico, a cada uno de los maestros y acompañantes; a mis hermanos en el sacerdocio y laicos compañeros de curso en este recorrido de tres (3) años. Finalmente, a cada una de las personas que me han acompañado con su oración, su amistad, su apoyo, su cariño y así poder culminar una nueva etapa formativa y académica con miras a un mejor servicio de la Iglesia. Tabla de contenido Introducción .................................................................................................................................. 11 Capitulo I. Recorrido histórico de la dispensa en la normativa canónica en el código de 1.917 y principalmente en el c 85, del código de 1.983............................................................................. 15 A manera de introducción ......................................................................................................... 15 1.1. La dispensa canónica en sentido general........................................................................ 16 1.1.1. Etimológicamente ........................................................................................................ 22 1.1.2. En la legislación canónica ....................................................................................... 23 1.1.3. Manera de dispensar ............................................................................................... 24 1.1.4. Validez y licitud de la dispensa .............................................................................. 26 1.1.5. Cesación de la dispensa .......................................................................................... 30 1.2. Las dispensas especiales a la luz del Código de 1.917....................................................... 33 1.3. La dispensa específica a la luz del c 85 del código de 1.983 ............................................. 37 1.4. Las dispensas especiales concedidas para los territorios de misión ................................... 46 A manera de síntesis .................................................................................................................. 51 Capitulo II. Presentación general de los principales aspectos y características de los territorios específicos de misión. ................................................................................................................... 52 A manera de introducción ......................................................................................................... 52 2.2. Características particulares y especiales de los territorios de misión ................................. 65 2.2.1. Territorialmente ........................................................................................................... 65 2.2.2. Expansión ................................................................................................................... 66 2.2.3. Acción misionera ......................................................................................................... 67 2.2.4. Misión en los tiempos modernos ................................................................................. 69 2.3. Los territorios específicos de misión a la luz del código de 1.917 y de 1.983 ................... 73 2.4. Visión general de los Vicariatos Apostólicos en Colombia ............................................... 81 A manera de síntesis ................................................................................................................ 111 Capitulo III. Facultades especiales que se permiten en la relajación de las normas canónicas en la actividad misionera de la iglesia ................................................................................................. 113 A manera de introducción ....................................................................................................... 113 3.1. Necesidades específicas en los territorios de misión ....................................................... 115 3.2. Visión general de la legislación especial indígena y afro descendientes. ........................ 127 3.3. Inculturación y adaptación de la normativa canónica en la tarea misionera de la Iglesia 144 3.4. Casos más comunes donde se evidencia la necesidad de la aplicación de la dispensa canónica en los territorios específicos de misión. .................................................................................. 160 A manera de síntesis ................................................................................................................ 173 Conclusiones ............................................................................................................................... 175 Siglas y abreviaturas AAA: Acta Apostólica Sedis AG Ad Gentes Art.: Artículo c./cc. C / Cánones CCE: Catecismo de la Iglesia Católica C.I.C.: Código de Derecho Canónico C.C.E.O. Código de Cánones de la Iglesias Orientales C.I.C. 17/83 Código de Derecho Canónico de 1917/1983 Cf. Confrontar Conc. Vat. I Concilio Vaticano Primero Con. Vat. II Concilio Vaticano Segundo 1-2 Cor. Primera / Segunda Carta a los Corintios DV Dei Verbum EEu Iglesia en Europa EN Evangelii Nuntiandi IMC Instituto Misionero de la Consolata Lc Lucas Mt Mateo MXY Misioneros Javerianos de Yarumal OFM Orden Franciscanos Menores OIT Organización Internacional del Trabajo OMP Obras Misionales Pontificias Rm Carta del Apóstol San Pablo a los Romanos RM Redenptoris Missio Introducción Todo fiel bautizado está llamado a vivir y cumplir con la tarea evangelizadora por la salvación de las almas. Con este presupuesto, vale la pena realizar una identificación de la misión en general, partiendo del mandato propio de Cristo: “vayan por todo el mundo y hagan que todos sean mis discípulos…”, ya sea desde la misión concreta y con la particularidad de la territorialidad al hablar de los territorios específicos de misión. La Iglesia, en su tarea evangelizadora, encomendada desde el Sumo Pontífice hasta el último bautizado, posee toda una estructura (jerarquía) y una legislación propia para facilitar el proceso evangelizador en todo el mundo. El fin último de la misión evangelizadora es la salvación de las almas, pero vale la pena detenerse en el término “misión”, en su sentido particular, ya que la Iglesia es en sí misma misionera. Aparece aquí un apartado muy particular para hablar de “misión en un territorio específico”. Esta particularidad, a lo largo de toda la historia del cristianismo, ha hecho un recorrido desde los inicios, pasando por la expansión y culminando en el cometido actual de ir por todo el mundo. El mundo actual reclama la necesidad de una misión capaz de ir a todas partes, reconociendo que hay lugares con características muy especiales y, por ende, requieren otro tipo de misión que pueda responder a las necesidades y elementos propios de cada contexto y cada comunidad.
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