Scholars Day Abstracts
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Undergraduate Research and Scholarly Achievement (URSA) Presents Scholars Day Abstracts April 4th - April 7th, 2011 Dear Colleagues: Welcome to Baylor’s fourth annual celebration of undergraduate research. Scholars Week began as Scholars Day and continues to expand each year, a testament to the vibrant teaching and learning partnerships our students enjoy with Baylor faculty. Individual mentoring that extends beyond the classroom is a hallmark of the Baylor undergraduate experience. The presentations in this program are proof positive that our faculty continues to excel at building those relationships, providing our undergraduates with transformative academic challenges that will continue to impact them for the rest of their lives. Thanks for your participation in this celebration of Baylor students and faculty. Truell W. Hyde, Ph.D. Vice Provost for Research Table of Contents College of Arts and Sciences ................................................................................................................. 1 Department of Anthropology, Forensic Science, and Archaeology ................................................... 1 Department of Biology ...................................................................................................................... 5 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry ................................................................................... 18 Department of Classics................................................................................................................... 20 Department of English .................................................................................................................... 22 Department of Environmental Science ........................................................................................... 24 Department of Geology................................................................................................................... 28 Department of History ..................................................................................................................... 35 Department of Mathematics ............................................................................................................ 38 Department of Modern Foreign Languages .................................................................................... 38 Department of Philosophy .............................................................................................................. 43 Department of Physics.................................................................................................................... 44 Department of Political Science ...................................................................................................... 47 Department of Religion ................................................................................................................... 49 Department of Sociology ................................................................................................................ 50 School of Engineering and Computer Science ................................................................................ 51 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ...................................................................... 51 Department of Mechanical Engineering .......................................................................................... 51 School of Education ............................................................................................................................... 52 Department of Curriculum and Instruction ...................................................................................... 52 Department of Educational Psychology .......................................................................................... 53 Information Systems ............................................................................................................................. 54 Department of Information Systems .............................................................................................. 54 College of Arts and Sciences Department of Anthropology, Forensic Science and Archaeology Carol Azeesz, Nikki Rangel, and Hadleigh Stone Faculty Mentor: Dr. Sara Alexander In the Wake of Disaster: Exploring Connections between Lifeways and Resilience in Belize (Anthropology, Forensic Science and Archaeology) In the aftermath of climate-related events, such as tropical storms or flooding, households are forced to adjust by making changes in the way they access and use resources, including social resources (such as support from friends and family to meet basic needs), and economic resources including property, farm land and liquid assets. The capacity of these households to respond and adjust successfully to these events, or their resilience, depends on a range of factors. This project examines the following variables: occupational diversity and stability, social connectedness and willingness of family and friends to aid each other in times of crisis, and the frequency and intensity of food shortages – as they all influence how people adjust in the aftermath of a climate-related shock or events. We hypothesize that occupational stability enables households to secure financial resources after a shock that then allows them to repair and/or rebuild, while households that are more vulnerable in terms of employment resort to social networks for assistance and may have delays in addressing property loss. Abby Byrd Faculty Mentor: Professor Carol Macaulay Living on the Leon – A Comparative Study of Hunter-Gatherer Housing Structures (Anthropology, Forensic Science and Archaeology) During excavations at the Upper Sprague site in Hamilton County, the Baylor Archaeological Field School discovered remains of a possible wattle and daub structure. Feature Five is an arc-shaped concentration of burned daub which arcs through three units. Its north-south extent is approximately 100cm and its east-west extent is slightly less. Many burned daub nodules exhibiting stick impressions were also recovered. Despite the paucity of hunter-gatherer structures in the archaeological record, Binford (1990) states, “There are no known cases among modern hunter-gatherers where shelter is not fabricated in residential sites, regardless of the expected occupational duration.” It is my goal to compare Feature Five to other hunter-gatherer structures discussed in the archaeological literature. Structures used for comparison include those found at an Apache site (Seymour 2007), !Kung sites (Lee and DeVore 1976), Kua sites (Kroll and Price 1991), and various Central Texas prehistoric sites. Alexis Casiano Faculty Mentor: Professor Carol Macaulay Evidence of Deer-Hide Processing Activities at the Upper Sprague Site in Hamilton County, Texas (Anthropology, Forensic Science and Archaeology) Three features were encountered in Area D of the Upper Sprague site (41HM54) in Hamilton County during the Baylor 2008-2009 Archaeological Field Schools. Features 10 and 12 are shallow basins, one meter in length, 80cm in width, and 15cm in depth. These were side by side, at the same elevation and oriented in the same direction. Feature 11, located adjacent to Features 10 and 12, is a circular pit containing charcoal. This pit is similar in size to those documented by Binford (1967) as smudge pits used to smoke hides. In order to understand the purpose of these three features, the hypothesis put forward in this presentation postulates that the two shallow basins and the pit hearth found at Area D represent deer hide processing facilities – soaking basins and a ‘smudge pit.’ Ethno-historic accounts and experimental hide processing found in the archaeological literature support the hypothesis presented here. 1 Ashley Durham Faculty Mentor: Professor Carol Macaulay Analysis of the Lithic Artifacts Recovered from the Upper Sprague Site, Area D, Hamilton County, Texas (Anthropology, Forensic Science and Archaeology) During the 2007-2010 Baylor University Archaeological Field Schoolsat the Upper Sprague site, Area D (41HM54) in Hamilton County, we recovered many projectile points and stone tools dating to the Austin and Toyah Intervals of the Late Prehistoric Period. This poster outlines the methods we used in the analysis of the lithic assemblage, and presents photographs of the projectile points, formal tools and utilized flakes. Spatial analysis, using Spatial Analyst (a function of ArcMap [ArcGIS 9]), displays the distribution of formal tools and density of lithic debitage (primary, secondary, tertiary, and heat-treated flakes) across the excavation block. These analyses provide information on tool-use and maintenance at the site. Chelsea Garrett Faculty Mentor: Dr. Lori Baker Maya Sacrifice in Guatemala: An Osteobiography (Anthropology, Forensic Science and Archaeology) Human sacrifice is a practice that has occurred in the Maya world for thousands of years. There are diverse styles of ritual and reasoning behind the act of human sacrifice among the Maya regions. Regardless, there are similarities in what anthropologists are describing as sacrifice and how to distinguish it from other mortuary practices. The Maya of Guatemala performed ritual sacrifice for many reasons, primarily to please the gods in times of crisis; however, other reasons consist of violence in warfare and companion burial involving royal figures. This project consists of a skeletal analysis of a Maya sacrifice (burial 14) from