DOCSLIB.ORG

Upper Carboniferous System, Pennsylvanian Subsystem, Subdivision Classification and Nomenclature

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Upper Carboniferous System, Pennsylvanian Subsystem, Subdivision Classification and Nomenclature Front Cover: Photograph of reference section for upper Chanute Shale and Paola Limestone Member, Muncie Creek Shale Member, Raytown Limestone Member of the Iola Limestone. Author John Pope holding staff that is 6.5 feet (2.0 m) long, with the top near the base of Paola Limestone. The outcrop is at an exposure in a south-facing cutbank of North River in the SE SW NE NW section 11, T. 76 N., R. 29 W., Madison County, Iowa, about 300 feet (91 m) east of the Elmwood Avenue bridge. Photo by Diana Pope, May 2008. Description of Pennsylvanian Units, Revision of Stratigraphic Nomenclature, and Reclassification of the Morrowan, Atokan, Desmoinesian, Missourian, and Virgilian stages in Iowa Special Report Series No. 5 John Paul Pope Department of Natural Sciences, Geology Northwest Missouri State University Maryville, Missouri, 64468 Iowa Geological and Water Survey December 2012 Iowa Department of Natural Resources Charles Gipp, Director Special Report Series No.5 ii Iowa Geological and Water Survey Table of Contents ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................................xiii INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 1 Early Studies of Pennsylvanian (Carboniferous) in Iowa ....................................................... 2 Iowa Structural Basins ................................................................................................................. 2 Midcontinent Rift System............................................................................................................ 3 Cyclothems.................................................................................................................................... 5 PART 1: MIDCONTINENT (FOREST CITY) BASIN STRATIGRAPHY........................................ 6 Carboniferous System.................................................................................................................. 6 Pennsylvanian Subsystem........................................................................................................... 7 UPPER PENNSYLVANIAN SERIES ........................................................................................... 7 Pennsylvanian-Permian Boundary............................................................................................ 8 VIRGILIAN STAGE............................................................................................................ 9 COUNCIL GROVE GROUP* (* not recognized in Iowa)............................. 11 Red Eagle Limestone*.......................................................................... 11 Howe Limestone Member (Permian)*................................................ 11 Bennett Shale Member (Permian)*..................................................... 11 Glenrock Limestone Member (Pennsylvanian)*................................. 11 Johnson Shale* ..................................................................................... 11 Foraker Limestone* ............................................................................. 11 Long Creek Limestone Member* ....................................................... 11 Hughes Creek Shale Member*............................................................ 11 Americus Limestone Member*........................................................... 11 ADMIRE GROUP*........................................................................................... 11 Janesville Shale*................................................................................... 11 Hamlin Shale Member* ...................................................................... 11 Five Point Limestone Member*.......................................................... 11 West Branch Shale Member*.............................................................. 11 Falls City Limestone*........................................................................... 11 Onaga Shale* ........................................................................................ 11 Hawxby Shale Member*..................................................................... 11 Aspinwall Limestone Member*.......................................................... 11 Towle Shale Member*........................................................................ 11 WABAUNSEE GROUP.................................................................................... 11 Wood Siding Formation*..................................................................... 12 Brownville Limestone Member* ........................................................ 12 Pony Creek Shale Member*................................................................ 12 Grayhorse Limestone Member*.......................................................... 12 Plumb Shale Member*........................................................................ 12 Nebraska City Limestone Member* ................................................... 12 Root Shale ............................................................................................. 12 French Creek Shale Member*............................................................. 12 Lorton Coal bed (NE, KS)* ....................................................... 12 Jim Creek Limestone Member*.......................................................... 12 Friedrich Shale Member......................................................................12 Stotler Formation ................................................................................ 12 Grandhaven Limestone Member........................................................ 13 iii Special Report Series No.5 Dry Shale Member ............................................................................. 13 Dover Limestone Member ................................................................. 13 Pillsbury Shale...................................................................................... 13 Nyman Coal bed........................................................................ 14 Zeandale Limestone............................................................................. 14 Maple Hill Limestone Member .......................................................... 14 Wamego Shale Member ..................................................................... 14 Tarkio Limestone Member ................................................................. 15 Willard Shale........................................................................................ 15 Emporia Limestone.............................................................................. 16 Elmont Limestone Member ................................................................ 16 Harveyville Shale Member................................................................. 16 Reading Limestone Member............................................................... 16 Aubern Shale........................................................................................ 16 Bern Formation.................................................................................... 17 Wakarusa Limestone Member............................................................ 17 Soldier Creek Shale Member.............................................................. 17 Burlingame Limestone Member......................................................... 17 Scranton Formation............................................................................. 18 Silver Lake Shale Member ................................................................. 18 Rulo Limestone Member .................................................................... 18 Cedar Vale Shale Member.................................................................. 18 Elmo Coal bed .......................................................................... 19 Happy Hollow Limestone Member .................................................... 19 White Cloud Shale Member ............................................................... 19 Howard Limestone............................................................................... 19 Utopia Limestone Member................................................................. 20 Winzeler Shale Member ..................................................................... 21 Church Limestone Member ................................................................ 21 Shanghai Creek Shale Member .......................................................... 21 Wauneta Limestone Member.............................................................. 22 Severy Shale.......................................................................................... 22 Nodaway Coal bed.................................................................... 22 SHAWNEE GROUP......................................................................................... 22 Topeka Limestone................................................................................ 24 Coal Creek Limestone Member.......................................................... 24 Holt Shale Member............................................................................. 24 DuBois Limestone Member................................................................ 24 Turner Creek Shale Member .............................................................. 25 Sheldon Limestone Member............................................................... 25 Jones Point
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Coal and Francis Creek Shale
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of Earth and Environmental Departmental Papers (EES) Science January 1970 A comparison of the floras of the Colchester (No. 2) Coal and Francis Creek Shale R. A. Peppers Illinois State Geological Survey Hermann W. Pfefferkorn University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/ees_papers Recommended Citation Peppers, R. A., & Pfefferkorn, H. W. (1970). A comparison of the floras of the Colchester (No. 2) Coal and Francis Creek Shale. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/ees_papers/18 This material has been published in Smith, W.H., Nance, R.B., Hopkins, Johnson, R.G., and Shabica, C.W. Depositional environments in parts of the Carbondale formation, western and northern Illinois: Francis Creek Shale and associated strata and Mazon Creek biota, Illinois State Geological Survey Field Guidebook Series, No. 8, p. 61-74, 1970 NOTE: At the time of publication, author Hermann W. Pfefferkorn was affiliated with the Illinois State Geological Survey. Currently (September 2005) he is a faculty member in the Department of Earth and Environmental Science at the University of Pennsylvania. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/ees_papers/18 For more information, please contact [email protected]. A comparison of the floras of the Colchester (No. 2) Coal and Francis Creek Shale Abstract Abundant data from spore studies of the Colchester (no. 2) Coal Member and from investigations of plant compressions in the Francis Creek Shale provide an opportunity to compare the flora of the coal with that of the overlying shale in the northeastern part of the Illinois Basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Bedrock Geology of Carbondale Quadrangle
    BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF CARBONDALE QUADRANGLE Prairie Research Institute JACKSON AND WILLIAMSON COUNTIES, ILLINOIS Illinois Geologic Quadrangle Map ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IGQ Carbondale-BG W. John Nelson 2013 89°15' 12'30" 10' 89°07'30" 720 000FEET (IL E) 3 000mE 3 3 3 3 3 3 R. 1 W. 2 590 000 FEET (IL W) R. 1 E. 3 37°45' 03 04 05 06 07 08 10 12 37°45' 51 4180 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 000m &c 4180 N 13 &c Creek d r a & h t c m r C CG 508 O &c k" m r a U.S. 366 41 b e" 79 Fish and 18 17 16 15 &t 18 17 &c 13 Wildlife Ho g an 14 Po i n t 4179 m O b r a c r h Pine C a Lo n g Vi ew Island 390000 r 13 d Park FEET (IL E) Sk" 98 390 000 Ck" 322 k" 97 FEET (IL W) m 152 E 4178 k e" K r o A F L 41 ¿ S 273 78 k" PO D ¿ m R e 13 A l C t H t r i CARBONDALE C L R EXPLANATION O 19 22 19 20 20 23 24 B m A 21 R ¿ C Holocene sm Surface mine 4177 k" 105 &t ¿ m c s ¿ 41 e &t 77 Univ ersity l i &c Carbondale Formation School P m » m Desmoinesian Tradewater Formation s s, Stonefort Limestone Member m m, Murphysboro Coal Member Pennsylvanian c c, Curlew Member Southern Illinois ¿ University S 62 &t k" &t-mb Murray Bluff Sandstone Member » &t s 4176 Atokan ¿ &t &t-o olive shale member 27 4176 29 &t-g Grindstaff Sandstone Member 29 C s am e 28 30 pus Lak À 26 25 30 42'30" À 42'30" ¿ 270 m À k" S 1201 &t 290 270 Ü k" k" ªNorth uthern Hill s m So 4175 s k"317 k" 137 s 4175 &t-mb ¿ Symbols Marberry Arboretum 40 Strike and dip of bedding; number indicates degree of dip Carbondale &t r ¿ Reservoi m Horizontal bedding &t r sm ¿ 31 Evergreen Terrace C 32 Vertical joints 4174 31 34 35 36 32 k r 33 ¿ c o ¿ » Shaft mine Sk" 250 F 51 4174 ¿ S ¿ y ¿ Slope mine &t-mb c a m o ¿ À » r m Drift mine c e s m le ¿ ¿ i & ¿ t-mb m ¿ P sm ( À T.
    [Show full text]
  • CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY and ... -.: Palaeontologia Polonica
    CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOECOLOGY OF THE PERTH LIMESTONE MEMBER, STAUNTON FORMATION (PENNSYLVANIAN) OF THE ILLINOIS BASIN, U.S.A. CARl B. REXROAD. lEWIS M. BROWN. JOE DEVERA. and REBECCA J. SUMAN Rexroad , c.. Brown . L.. Devera, 1.. and Suman, R. 1998. Conodont biostrati graph y and paleoec ology of the Perth Limestone Member. Staunt on Form ation (Pennsy lvanian) of the Illinois Basin. U.S.A. Ill: H. Szaniawski (ed .), Proceedings of the Sixth European Conodont Symposium (ECOS VI). - Palaeont ologia Polonica, 58 . 247-259. Th e Perth Limestone Member of the Staunton Formation in the southeastern part of the Illinois Basin co nsists ofargill aceous limestone s that are in a facies relati on ship with shales and sandstones that commonly are ca lcareous and fossiliferous. Th e Perth conodo nts are do minated by Idiognathodus incurvus. Hindeodus minutus and Neognathodu s bothrops eac h comprises slightly less than 10% of the fauna. Th e other spec ies are minor consti­ tuents. The Perth is ass igned to the Neog nathodus bothrops- N. bassleri Sub zon e of the N. bothrops Zo ne. but we were unable to co nfirm its assignment to earliest Desmoin esian as oppose d to latest Atokan. Co nodo nt biofacies associations of the Perth refle ct a shallow near- shore marine environment of generally low to moderate energy. but locali zed areas are more variable. particul ar ly in regard to salinity. K e y w o r d s : Co nodo nta. biozonation. paleoecology. Desmoinesian , Penn sylvanian. Illinois Basin. U.S.A.
    [Show full text]
  • 03-Alekseev and Goreva (Neognathodus).P65
    Lucas, S.G., et al. eds., 2013, The Carboniferous-Permian Transition. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 60. 1 THE CONODONT NEOGNATHODUS BOTHROPS MERRILL, 1972 AS THE MARKER FOR THE LOWER BOUNDARY OF THE MOSCOVIAN STAGE (MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN) ALEXANDER S. ALEKSEEV1 AND NATALIA V. GOREVA 2 1 Department of Paleontology, Geological Faculty, Moscow State University, Russia, email: aaleks@geol. msu.ru; 2 Geological institute of Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia, email: [email protected] Abstract—The Moscovian Stage constitutes the Middle Pennsylvanian Series of the Carboniferous System, but a biostratigraphic marker and GSSP for it have not yet been designated. The exact position of the Moscovian boundary cannot be defined properly because in the type area the basal Vereian unconformably overlies the Mississippian limestone or the alluvial and lagoonal Aza Formation of the uppermost Bashkirian. The Task Group to establish a GSSP close to the existing Bashkirian-Moscovian boundary suggested several potential markers among foraminifers and conodonts, but the search for a marker near traditional base of the global Moscovian Stage has stalled. It may be more productive to search for FADs in the lower Moscovian, above the traditional base, to designate the lower boundary of the stage. Relatively rich Vereian and Kashirian conodont assemblages have been recovered from the southwest Moscow Basin, as well as from the Oka-Tsna Swell. The most complete information on the distribution of conodonts in the Vereian- Kashirian boundary interval was obtained from the Yambirno section (Oka-Tsna Swell). The greatest change in conodont assemblages does not occur near the level of the traditional base of the Moscovian, but stratigraphically higher.
    [Show full text]
  • Bedrock Geology of Altenburg Quadrangle, Jackson County
    BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF ALTENBURG QUADRANGLE Institute of Natural Resource Sustainability William W. Shilts, Executive Director JACKSON COUNTY, ILLINOIS AND PERRY COUNTY, MISSOURI STATEMAP Altenburg-BG ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY E. Donald McKay III, Interim Director Mary J. Seid, Joseph A. Devera, Allen L. Weedman, and Dewey H. Amos 2009 360 GEOLOGIC UNITS ) ) ) 14 Qal Alluvial deposits ) 13 18 Quaternary Pleistocene and Holocene 17 360 ) 15 360 16 14 0 36 ) 13 Qf Fan deposits ) Unconformity Qal ) & 350 tl Lower Tradewater Formation Atokan ) ) Pennsylvanian 360 ) &cv Caseyville Formation Morrowan 24 360 ) Unconformity ) 17 Upper Elviran undivided, Meu ) Waltersburg to top of Degonia 19 20 Qal 21 22 23 ) 24 ) Mv Vienna Limestone 360 o ) 3 Mts ) 350 Mts Tar Springs Sandstone ) 20 360 ) Mgd 360 30 ) Mgd Glen Dean Limestone ) 21 350 360 Mts 29 ) Qal Hardinsburg Sandstone and J N Mhg Chesterian ) Golconda Formations h Æ Qal Mav anc 28 27 Br ) N oJ 26 25 JN 85 N ) Cypress Sandstone through J Mcpc Dsl 500 Paint Creek Formation JN N ) J o Mts N 5 J s ) Dgt 600 J N 70 J N Mgd Yankeetown Formation s ) Myr Db 80 28 Æ and Renault Sandstone N J 29 N J N ) Sb J Mgd Mississippian o Dgt Ssc 25 Clines o N 25 Msg 27 ) Qal J 80 s 3 Mav Aux Vases Sandstone N J N Mts o MILL J MISSISSIPPI 34 ) Qal J N ) N J Dsl 35 N 26 J o N 25 J Mgd Mgd ) Msg Ste. Genevieve Limestone 500 o Db DITCH J 20 Mgd N N N ) J J o RIVER o N 600 J 80 N ) 10 o J Mav Æ Msl St.
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of the Omaha-Council Bluffs Area Nebraska-Iowa by ROBERT D
    Geology of the Omaha-Council Bluffs Area Nebraska-Iowa By ROBERT D. MILLER GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 472 Prepared as a part of a program of the Department of the Interior for the development of the Missouri River basin UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1964 STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director Miller, Robert David, 1922- Geology .of the Omaha-Council Bluffs area, Iowa. 'iV ashington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1964. iv, 70 p. illus., maps (3 col.) diagrs., tables. 30 em. (U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 472) Part of illustrative matter fold. in pocket. Prepared as a part of a program of the Dept. of the Interior for the development of the Missouri River basin. Bibliography: p. 67-70. (Continued on next card) Miller, Robert David, 1922- Geology of the 0maha-Council Bluffs area, Nebraska-Iowa. 1964. (Card 2) 1. Geology-Nebraska-Omaha region. 2. Geology-Iowa-Council Bluffs region. I. Title: Omaha-Council Bluffs area, Nebraska-Iowa. (Series) For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract __________________________________________ _ 1 Stratigraphy--Continued Introduction ______________________________________ _ 2 Quaternary System-Continued Location ______________________________________ _ 2 Pleistocene Serie!Y-Continued Present investigation ___________________________ _ 2 Grand Island Formation ________________ _ 23 Acknowledgments ______________________________ _ 3 Sappa Formation __________
    [Show full text]
  • Surface Structure on the East Flank of the Ne:Aha Anticline in Northeast Pottawatomie County, Kansas
    SURFACE STRUCTURE ON THE EAST FLANK OF THE NE:AHA ANTICLINE IN NORTHEAST POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY, KANSAS by GENE A. RATCLIFF B. S. Kansas State College of Agriculture and Applied Science, 156 A THESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Geology and Geography KANSAS STATE COLLEGE CF AGRICULTUhE AND APPLIED SCIENCE 1957 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Location of the Area 1 Geologic Setting 1 Statement of the Problem 4 nAPPING PROCEDURE 5 GEOLOGIC HISTORY 6 Paleozoic Era 6 :csozoic Era 7 Cenozoic Era 7 STRATIGRAPHY 11 Pennsylvanian System 11 Wabaunsee Group 11 Permian System 13 Admire Group 13 Council Grove Group 14 Chase Group 18 quaternary System 18 Pleistocene Series 18 STR7CTURE 19 Regional Structures 19 Nemaha Anticline 19 Forest City Basin 19 Local Structures 20 Humboldt Fault 20 Fault Description 21 iii Relationship to Regional Structures 21 Age of Faulting 24 CONCLUSION 25 ACKNOWLEDGMENT 29 LITERATURE CITED 30 APPLNDIX 31 INTRODUCTION Location of the Area The area covered by this investigation is located in the northeast corner of Pottawatomie county, Kansas. The Pottawa- tomie-Nemaha county line is the northern boundary and township seven south is the southern boundary. The area is approximate- ly two miles wide and 12 miles long in a southwest direction from the extreme northeast corner of Pottawatomie county. Geologic Setting The problem area lies within the Western Interior Province and is located on the east flank of the Nemaha Anticline. The two main structural features are the Nemaha Anticline and the Forest City Basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Columnals (PDF)
    2248 22482 2 4 V. INDEX OF COLUMNALS 8 Remarks: In this section the stratigraphic range given under the genus is the compiled range of all named species based solely on columnals assigned to the genus. It should be noted that this range may and often differs considerably from the range given under the same genus in Section I, because that range is based on species identified on cups or crowns. All other abbreviations and format follow that of Section I. Generic names followed by the type species are based on columnals. Genera, not followed by the type species, are based on cups and crowns as given in Section I. There are a number of unlisted columnal taxa from the literature that are indexed as genera recognized on cups and crowns. Bassler and Moodey (1943) did not index columnal taxa that were not new names or identified genera with the species unnamed. I have included some of the omissions of Bassler and Moodey, but have not made a search of the extensive literature specifically for the omitted citations because of time constraints. Many of these unlisted taxa are illustrated in the early state surveys of the eastern and central United States. Many of the columnal species assigned to genera based on cups or crowns are incorrect assignments. An uncertain, but significant, number of the columnal genera are synonyms of other columnal genera as they are based on different parts of the stem of a single taxon. Also a number of the columnal genera are synonyms of genera based on cups and crowns as they come from more distal parts of the stem not currently known to be associated with the cup or crown.
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Investigations in Ohio
    INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 21 GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN OHIO 1956 By Carolyn Farnsworth STATE OF OHIO C. William O'Neill, Governor DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES A. W. Marion, Director NATURAL RESOURCES COMMISSION Milton Ronsheim, Chairman John A. Slipher, Bryce Browning, Vice Chairman Secretary C. D. Blubaugh Dean L. L. Rummell Forrest G. Hall Dr. Myron T. Sturgeon A. W. Marion George Wenger DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Ralph J. Bernhagen, Chief STATI OF OHIO DIPAlTMIMT 011 NATUlAL llSOUlCH DIVISION OF &EOLO&ICAL SURVEY INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 21 'GEOLOG·ICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN OHIO 1956 by CAROLYN FARNSWORTH COLUMBUS 1957 Blank Page CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Project listing by author 2 Project listing by subject . 22 Economic geology 22 Aggregates . 22 Coal . • 22 Ground water 22 Iron .. 22 Oil and gas 22 Salt . 22 Sand and gravel 23 General .. 23 Geomorphology 23 Geophysics 23 Glacial geology 23 Mineralogy and petrology . 24 Clay .. 24 Coal . 24 Dolomite 24 Limestone. 24 Sandstone •• 24 Shale. 24 Till 25 Others 25 Paleontology. 25 Stratigraphy and sedimentation 26 Structural geology . 27 Miscellaneous . 27 Geographic distribution. 27 Statewide 27 Areal. \\ 28 County 29 Miscellaneous . 33 iii Blank Page I INTRODUCTION In September 1956, letters of inquiry and questionnaires were sent to all Ohio geologists on the mailing list of the Ohio Geological Survey, and to other persons who might be working on geological problems in Ohio. This publication has been compiled from the information contained on the returned forms. In most eases it is assumed that the projects listed herein will culminate in reports which will be available to the profession through scientific journals, government publications, or grad- uate school theses.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian Buildups of the Carnic Alps, Austria–Italy 201 Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian Buildups of the Carnic Alps, Austria–Italy
    Published in "SEPM Special Publication No. 78: 201-217, 2003" which should be cited to reference this work. UPPER CARBONIFEROUS–LOWER PERMIAN BUILDUPS OF THE CARNIC ALPS, AUSTRIA–ITALY 201 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS–LOWER PERMIAN BUILDUPS OF THE CARNIC ALPS, AUSTRIA–ITALY ELIAS SAMANKASSOU Université de Fribourg, Département de Géosciences, Géologie et Paléontologie, Pérolles, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: A variety of buildup types occur in the upper Paleozoic Auernig and Rattendorf Groups, Carnic Alps, at the present-day Austrian–Italian border, including coral, diverse algal (Anthracoporella, Archaeolithophyllum, Rectangulina, and phylloid green), bryozoan, brachiopod, and sponge buildups. Thin mounds and banks have a diverse fossil association (e.g., Archaeolithophyllum–bryozoan– brachiopod mounds) and occur in siliciclastic-dominated intervals, as do coral buildups. Some of the biodiverse thin mounds occur in strata that were deposited in cooler water. However, the thickest mounds are nearly monospecific (e.g., Anthracoporella mounds) and grew in carbonate-dominated, warm-water environments. Most of the mounds considered in this paper, particularly algal mounds, grew in quiet-water environments below wave base but within the photic zone. Mound growth was variously stopped by siliciclastic input, e.g., auloporid coral mounds, sea-level rise, e.g., the drowning of Anthracoporella mounds of the Rattendorf Group, influence of cool water, e.g., algal mounds of the Auernig Group overlain by limestone of cool-water biotic association, or sea-level fall, e.g., phylloid algal mounds that were subsequently exposed subaerially. There is no indication of ecological succession during mound growth. Growth, dimensions, biotic association, and termination of mounds seem to have been controlled by extrinsic factors, mainly sea level and water temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Survey Bulletin 613: Guidebook of the Western United States: Part C
    USGS: Geological Survey Bulletin 613: Guidebook of the Western United States: Part C. The Santa Fe Route Geological Survey Bulletin 613 Guidebook of the Western United States: Part C. The Santa Fe Route GUIDEBOOK OF THE WESTERN UNITED STATES PART C. THE SANTA FE ROUTE WITH A SIDE TRIP TO THE GRAND CANYON OF THE COLORADO By N. H. Darton and others http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/geology/publications/bul/613//index.htm[3/13/2014 12:48:01 PM] USGS: Geological Survey Bulletin 613: Guidebook of the Western United States: Part C. The Santa Fe Route GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 613 1915 TABLE OF CONTENTS bul/613/index.htm Last Updated: 28-Nov-2006 http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/geology/publications/bul/613//index.htm[3/13/2014 12:48:01 PM] USGS: Geological Survey Bulletin 613 (Contents) Geological Survey Bulletin 613 Guidebook of the Western United States: Part C. The Santa Fe Route TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Principal Divisions of Geologic Time Preface Introduction Itinerary References cited Glossary of Geologic Terms Index of Railroad Stations ILLUSTRATIONS ROUTE MAP. For the convenience of the traveler the sheets of the route ma p are so folded and placed that he can unfold them one by one and keep each one in view while he is reading the text relating to it. A reference in parentheses is given in the text at each point where a new sheet should he unfolded. SHEET 1. Kansas City, Mo., to Lakeview, Kans 2. Lecompton to Ellinor, Kans 3. Strong City to Halstead, Kans 4.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Oklahoma Graduate College Potential Sources of Oil from Hugoton Embayment Reservoirs a Thesis Submitted to the Gr
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE POTENTIAL SOURCES OF OIL FROM HUGOTON EMBAYMENT RESERVOIRS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE By BRITTNEY LYNN TAMBORELLO Norman, Oklahoma 2020 i POTENTIAL SOURCES OF OIL FROM HUGOTON EMBAYMENT RESERVOIRS A THESIS APPROVED FOR THE SCHOOL OF GEOSCIENCES BY THE COMMITTEE CONSISTING OF Dr. Xiaolei Liu, Chair Dr. R. Paul Philp Dr. Roger M. Slatt i © Copyright by BRITTNEY LYNN TAMBORELLO 2020 All Rights Reserved. iii To my parents, To my family, To my friends, Thank you for the encouragement and red wine iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of my thesis was made possible because of my fantastic advisor, Dr. R. Paul Philp. Dr. Philp generously supported my research, provided invaluable guidance in this project, and was extremely patient in helping me to write this manuscript. I would like to thank Dr. Xiaolei Liu and Dr. Roger Slatt for serving on my committee and taking the time to review my thesis and provide valuable feedback for this study. I am also very thankful to the excellent faculty and staff in the School of Geoscience at the University of Oklahoma for their help and guidance throughout my master’s degree. I would like to thank Suemarur Exploration & Production, LLC, Matthew Totten, and Joe Hatch for the donation of the oils that were used and analyzed in this research. I would also like to thank the USGS Core Research Center for providing core samples that were used in this project. Others that were instrumental in the completion of this thesis were all the students, faculty, and staff associated with the Organic Geochemistry Group.
    [Show full text]