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Pipewire: a Low-Level Multimedia Subsystem
Proceedings of the 18th Linux Audio Conference (LAC-20), SCRIME, Université de Bordeaux, France, November 25–27, 2020 PIPEWIRE: A LOW-LEVEL MULTIMEDIA SUBSYSTEM Wim Taymans ∗ Principal Software Engineer Red Hat, Spain [email protected] ABSTRACT 2. LINUX AUDIO LANDSCAPE PipeWire is a low-level multimedia library and daemon that facili- Audio support on Linux first appeared with the Open Sound System tates negotiation and low-latency transport of multimedia content be- (OSS) [6] and was until the 2.4 kernel the only audio API available tween applications, filters and devices. It is built using modern Linux on Linux. It was based around the standard Unix open/close/read- infrastructure and has both performance and security as its core de- /write/ioctl system calls. sign guidelines. The goal is to provide services such as JACK and OSS was replaced by the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture PulseAudio on top of this common infrastructure. PipeWire is media (ALSA) [7]from Linux 2.5. ALSA improved on the OSS API and agnostic and supports arbitrary compressed and uncompressed for- included a user space library that abstracted many of the hardware mats. A common audio infrastructure with backwards compatibility details. The ALSA user-space library also includes a plugin infras- that can support Pro Audio and Desktop Audio use cases can poten- tructure that can be used to create new custom devices and plugins. tially unify the currently fractured audio landscape on Linux desk- Unfortunately, the plugin system is quite static and requires editing tops and workstations and give users and developers a much better of configuration files. -
A Historical and Phonetic Study of Negro Dialect. T
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1937 A Historical and Phonetic Study of Negro Dialect. T. Earl Pardoe Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Part of the Speech and Rhetorical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Pardoe, T. Earl, "A Historical and Phonetic Study of Negro Dialect." (1937). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 7790. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/7790 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Historioal and phonetic Study of Negro Dialect* A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Dootor of Philosophy in Louisiana State University* By T. Earl pardoe 1937 UMI Number: DP69168 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI Dissertation Publishing UMI DP69168 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProOuest ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. -
Beverage / Drinks
BEVERAGE LIST HOT BEVERAGES CHOICE OF TEA N 1,500 Black Earl Grey English Assam Green Jasmine Gold Iced COFFEE Freshly Brewed N 1,900 Decaffeinated N 1,900 Single Espresso N 1,500 Double Espresso N 3,000 Cappuccino N 3,000 Café Latte N 2,200 Hot Chocolate N 2,200 MILK SHAKES AND SMOOTHIES Chocolate, Banana, or Strawberry Milk Shake N 2,800 Fruits Smoothie N 2,800 SOFT DRINKS Fruit Juice N 2,200 Pineapple, Apple, Orange, Cranberry Fresh Orange juice N 2,750 Malt N 1,300 Coca Cola Zero N 1,300 Sprite N 1,300 Fanta Orange N 1,300 7up N 1,300 Pepsi Cola N 1,300 Mirinda N 1,300 Soda Water N 1,300 Tonic Water N 1,300 Teem Bitter Lemon N 1,300 Aquafina Water 750Ml N 1,600 Aquafina Water 1500Ml N 2,000 Perrier Sparkling Water N 2,600 ENERGY DRINKS Red Bull N 2,600 Power Horse N 2,600 BEER Star 600Ml N 1,900 Gulder 600Ml N 1,900 Heineken 600Ml N 2,600 Heineken 330Ml N 1,800 Guiness Stout 330Ml N 2,000 Guiness Stout 600Ml N 2,600 CLASSIC COCKTAILS Margarita N 5,000 Mexican cocktail consisting of tequila with cointreau and a lime juice Mojito N 6,000 Refreshing Cuban cocktail featuring rum, fresh mint and lime Cosmopolitan N 5,000 Combination of vodka, triple sec, cranberry juice and lime juice Manhattan N 5,000 A true classic made with whiskey, sweet vermouth and bitters. Martini Cocktail N 5,000 Made with gin and vermouth, garnished with an olive Bloody Mary N 5,000 Spicy tomato juice with vodka and a celery stick Pinacolada N 5,000 Traditional cocktail made with rum, cream of coconut and pineapple juice Americano N 5,000 Classic aperitif cocktail -
Free, Functional, and Secure
Free, Functional, and Secure Dante Catalfamo What is OpenBSD? Not Linux? ● Unix-like ● Similar layout ● Similar tools ● POSIX ● NOT the same History ● Originated at AT&T, who were unable to compete in the industry (1970s) ● Given to Universities for educational purposes ● Universities improved the code under the BSD license The License The license: ● Retain the copyright notice ● No warranty ● Don’t use the author's name to promote the product History Cont’d ● After 15 years, the partnership ended ● Almost the entire OS had been rewritten ● The university released the (now mostly BSD licensed) code for free History Cont’d ● AT&T launching Unix System Labories (USL) ● Sued UC Berkeley ● Berkeley fought back, claiming the code didn’t belong to AT&T ● 2 year lawsuit ● AT&T lost, and was found guilty of violating the BSD license History Cont’d ● BSD4.4-Lite released ● The only operating system ever released incomplete ● This became the base of FreeBSD and NetBSD, and eventually OpenBSD and MacOS History Cont’d ● Theo DeRaadt ○ Originally a NetBSD developer ○ Forked NetBSD into OpenBSD after disagreement the direction of the project *fork* Innovations W^X ● Pioneered by the OpenBSD project in 3.3 in 2002, strictly enforced in 6.0 ● Memory can either be write or execute, but but both (XOR) ● Similar to PaX Linux kernel extension (developed later) AnonCVS ● First project with a public source tree featuring version control (1995) ● Now an extremely popular model of software development anonymous anonymous anonymous anonymous anonymous IPSec ● First free operating system to implement an IPSec VPN stack Privilege Separation ● First implemented in 3.2 ● Split a program into processes performing different sub-functions ● Now used in almost all privileged programs in OpenBSD like httpd, bgpd, dhcpd, syslog, sndio, etc. -
Understanding Others: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Studies and the Teaching of Literature. INSTITUTION National Council of Teachers of English, Urbana, Ill
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 352 649 CS 213 590 AUTHOR Trimmer, Joseph, Ed.; Warnock, Tilly, Ed. TITLE Understanding Others: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Studies and the Teaching of Literature. INSTITUTION National Council of Teachers of English, Urbana, Ill. REPORT NO ISBN-0-8141-5562-6 PUB DATE 92 NOTE 269p. AVAILABLE FROMNational Council of Teachers of English, 1111 W. Kenyon Rd., Urbana, IL 61801-1096 (Stock No. 55626-0015; $15.95 members, $21.95 nonmembers). PUB TYPE Books (010) Collected Works General (020) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC11 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Cross Cultural Studies; Cultural Awareness; Cultural Context; Cultural Differences; Higher Education; *Literary Criticism; *Literature Appreciation; *Multicultural Education IDENTIFIERS Literature in Translation ABSTRACT This book of essays offers perspectives for college teachers facing the perplexities of today's focus on cultural issues in literature programs. The book presents ideas from 19 scholars and teachers relating to theories of culture-oriented criticism and teaching, contexts for these activities, and specific, culture-focused texts significant for college courses. The articles and their authors are as follows:(1) "Cultural Criticism: Past and Present" (Mary Poovey);(2) "Genre as a Social Institution" (James F. Slevin);(3) "Teaching Multicultural Literature" (Reed Way Dasenbrock);(4) "Translation as a Method for Cross-Cultural Teaching" (Anuradha Dingwaney and Carol Maier);(5) "Teaching in the Television Culture" (Judith Scot-Smith Girgus and Cecelia Tichi);(6) "Multicultural Teaching: It's an Inside Job" (Mary C. Savage); (7) "Chicana Feminism: In the Tracks of 'the' Native Woman" (Norma Alarcon);(8) "Current African American Literary Theory: Review and Projections" (Reginald Martin);(9) "Talking across Cultures" (Robert S. -
CPY Document
THE COCA-COLA COMPANY 795 795 Complaint IN THE MA TIER OF THE COCA-COLA COMPANY FINAL ORDER, OPINION, ETC., IN REGARD TO ALLEGED VIOLATION OF SEC. 7 OF THE CLAYTON ACT AND SEC. 5 OF THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ACT Docket 9207. Complaint, July 15, 1986--Final Order, June 13, 1994 This final order requires Coca-Cola, for ten years, to obtain Commission approval before acquiring any part of the stock or interest in any company that manufactures or sells branded concentrate, syrup, or carbonated soft drinks in the United States. Appearances For the Commission: Joseph S. Brownman, Ronald Rowe, Mary Lou Steptoe and Steven J. Rurka. For the respondent: Gordon Spivack and Wendy Addiss, Coudert Brothers, New York, N.Y. 798 FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION DECISIONS Initial Decision 117F.T.C. INITIAL DECISION BY LEWIS F. PARKER, ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGE NOVEMBER 30, 1990 I. INTRODUCTION The Commission's complaint in this case issued on July 15, 1986 and it charged that The Coca-Cola Company ("Coca-Cola") had entered into an agreement to purchase 100 percent of the issued and outstanding shares of the capital stock of DP Holdings, Inc. ("DP Holdings") which, in tum, owned all of the shares of capital stock of Dr Pepper Company ("Dr Pepper"). The complaint alleged that Coca-Cola and Dr Pepper were direct competitors in the carbonated soft drink industry and that the effect of the acquisition, if consummated, may be substantially to lessen competition in relevant product markets in relevant sections of the country in violation of Section 7 of the Clayton Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C. -
YANKS BELT MELTON from MOUND and Navy Clubbouae at 7 O'cloch Win Omit Its Meeting Tomorrow and Mittee
ifO U B T E E S ’"r. IV flanclr«8ter Utmifng Vm di WEDNESDAY.tXTTOBER 8 , 188T AVBRAOB DAILY OIBODLATION WBATHEB Mary C. Keensy Tent, Daughters Orford Parish Chapter, D. A. It, Mrs. Frederick L Fish of 11 Rose Company N a « wiU meet for tha Moath of Eoptember, 1887 win hold Its regular mseting tomor Foreeoot a( D. B. Waathm of Union Vetersus of the Civil War, Ridgewood street who faU on her tonight at 8 o’clock a t tha Are head Hartford ABOUTTOWN will meet tomorrow night at the row afternoon with Mrs. A. W, doorstep on Sunday and dislocated quarters on School street. Stats Armory. It Is requested that Mucklow of Henry street The guest her elbow, has returned to her 5 , 9 6 7 * A WM/Oag eC an of tho membon all officers be present as Inspectioa speaker vriU be Mrs. Mary Sloop of home from tha Memorial hospttat Metnbae a t Ika Audit Partly doody and eoMer toolght a t tho O S o m t commlttoes tbot night win be the flrst meeting night Crossnore schooL Bareaa o< Orenlattoaa and Friday. tevo boon named to orranco to r the In November. The Epworth circle of the South MANCHESTER — A CITY OF VILLAGE CHARM annual huaklaf baa to ba nonaorad The Alpine Society meeting win Methodist church wOl meet tonunt^ Memorial Temple, Pythian Bl»- be held this evening at 7:80 at tha for tha benailt o t Bt aridgat’a row night at 7:46 with Mias Dora VOL. L\TI_ NO. -
Roaraudio Manual
RoarAudio Manual Philipp ”ph3-der-loewe” Schafft et al. August 13, 2010 Contents Contens 6 I Introduction 7 1 What is RoarAudio? 8 1.1 What is a Sound Server? ....................... 8 1.2 What are the key fatures of RoarAudio? .............. 8 2 Basic concept 10 II Quickstart 11 3 Installation 12 3.1 archlinux ............................... 12 3.2 OpenBSD ............................... 13 3.3 Debian ................................. 13 3.4 From Sources ............................. 14 4 Configuring 15 4.1 archlinux ............................... 15 4.2 OpenBSD ............................... 15 4.3 Debian ................................. 15 4.3.1 Options ............................ 15 5 Setting up a player 17 5.1 XMMS ................................. 17 5.2 libao based .............................. 17 5.3 Other ................................. 17 III User Manual 18 6 RoarAudio’s Architecture 19 6.1 Subsystems .............................. 19 6.2 Clients ................................. 19 6.3 Streams ................................ 19 6.3.1 Stream Types ......................... 20 6.3.2 Stream Flags ......................... 22 1 CONTENTS 2 6.4 Driver ................................. 24 6.5 Sources ................................ 24 6.6 Codecfilter ............................... 24 6.7 Bridges ................................ 24 7 Playing music on command lion with RoarAudio 25 7.1 roarcatplay .............................. 25 7.2 roarvorbis ............................... 25 7.3 roarradio .............................. -
ESSENCE of POPULAR STOTRAS.Pdf
1 2 Edited and translated by V.D.N.Rao, Retd. General Manager of India Trade Promotion Organisation of Ministry of Commerce of Govt. of India, New Delhi presently at Chennai Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:-Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda- Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers -Purana Saaraamsha; Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu - Dharma Bindu - Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana-Essence of Paraashara Smriti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ; Also ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata- Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti Essence of Brahma Sutras Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana- Also Essence of Knowledge of Numbers Essence of Narada Charitra; Essence Neeti Chandrika-Essence of Hindu Festivals and Austerities Latest releases: Essence of Manu Smriti- Quintessence of Manu Smriti- Essence of Paramartha Saara; Essence of Pratyaksha Bhaskra; Essence of Maha Narayanopashid; Essence of Maitri Upanishad Essence of Vidya-Vigjnaana-Vaak Devi; Essence of Bhagya -Bhogya-Yogyata Lakshmi Essence of Soundarya Lahari* Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www. -
'Broad' Parley to Cure World Woes'
Members of Hose Co. No. 8 of Mrs. P. R. Brannlck will be chair*, 8L Margaret’s Orcle, Daughters the Mancbeater fire department are man a t the committee In charge of of Isabella, bavs beea Invited to a t to have a dinner served to. them on the weekly card parte Wednesday the' meeting night December 16. tend the InstaUatloa of Father evening in St. Bridget's parish- hall. Oeedoa’s Clrele at Windsor Locks Th« Derou wcictjr o( Um Bmao- William Knofia, a member of Na 3 Shb will be assisted by ifra. James S p a r e R i b s company, was one of a party that ’tomorrow ^evening a t 8 o’clock- uel Lutbenn church will follow tu Tierney, Mrs. John Holden, Mrs. Members planning to go are advised r^fulor iDMtlnf Wadoeodoy eveiilnx went hunting In Maine recent!^ Edward Brosnan, Mrs. Thomas Sul 3IETTWURST and brought back a deer. This to get In touch with the regent, Mrs. MANCHESTER — A CITY OF VILLAGE CHARM with o Chrlitiaaa party for the livan, Mrs. Mercedes Prior, Mrs. Philip 'CBmey. .Krauit lO e Ecidiardt's FRANKFURTS mothera of the glrto and a few la- haa been held In storage to be Edward " M orlarty and Mips VOL. LVIL, NO. 51 LEAN PORK ENDS properly seasoned and It will be btephanle Tunsky. PIkying w«l I Fkg* vltad fueata. Hie board a t admlnla- _ to r serving a t the meeUng The Brdtherhood of the Ooncordla MANCHESTER, CONN„ TUESDAY, NOVEMBER SO, ,1937 (TWELVE PAGES) PRICE THREE CENTS GENUINE tratlM haa alao been Invited to par- begin promptly a t 8:15 and will In s n». -
Awesome Coca-Cola & Estate Collection 06/17/2017
Auction - AWESOME COCA-COLA & ESTATE COLLECTION 06/17/2017 9:35 PM EDT Lot Title/Description Lot Title/Description 1 BEFORE YOU BID, OPEN THIS LOT AND READ ALL 1009 VINTAGE METAL / PORCELAIN SINGLE-SIDED RC ROYAL CROWN INSTRUCTIONS! (see description box below) COLA SIGN 1) DEBIT OR CREDIT PAYMENTS ONLY! We will only be accepting credit card or debit card payments for this sale. A 13% buyer's premium 1010 VINTAGE METAL / PORCELAIN NICHOL KOLA SINGLE-SIDED SIGN plus any applicable tax will be added to each item. All winners will be charged upon completion of the sale, so your invoice will already be 1011 LARGE VINTAGE METAL / PORCELAIN COCA-COLA SIGN paid when you arrive to pick up your items.If you believe that you have won items, but you do not see a paid invoice in your email by the early 1012 NICELY FRAMED VINTAGE COCA-COLA ENJOY FOOD morning following auction close, please check your spam folder, and ADVERTISEMENT make sure you are checking the email address listed in your profile. Also, if you need to contact us, DO NOT REPLY TO YOUR INVOICE 1013 VINTAGE METAL / PORCELAIN ROYAL CROWN COLA SIGN WITH EMAIL, as you will be replying to an automated system and not an MENU AREA individual. If you need to contact us about this auction by email, please email [email protected]) WHY INSPECT? All items are sold AS 1014 LARGE VINTAGE METAL / PORCELAIN COCA-COLA SIGN IS WHERE IS. L.W. Benton does not guarantee any statements contained herein or statements made by the seller. -
A Project Report on Market Analisyes for Positioning Of
A PROJECT REPORT ON MARKET ANALISYES FOR POSITIONING OF PEPSI & COCA COLA IN INDIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF BACHELOR DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINSTRATION 2009-2012 BY PRIYA DUBEY Guided by Prof. Mr. Pradeep Tripathi Dayanand Academy of Management Studies Kanpur 1 DATED: LETTER NO: TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN This is certify that Ms. Priya Dubey student of Dayanand Academy of Management Studies, Kanpur, has completed her project on the topic of MARKET ANALISYES FOR POSITIONING OF PEPSI & COCA COLA IN INDIA at VARUN BEVERAGES LTD., GREATOR NOIDA has submitted her project report for the period 16/01/12 to 03/03/12 in partial fulfillment of BBA of the college for the academic year 2009- 2012. Ms. Priya Dubey, has done his project to our satisfaction. During the said training period with us we found him sincere and hard working. We wish her all the success in the future. For VARUN BEVERAGES LTD. HUMAN RESOURCES 2 DECLERATION I hereby declare that project Titled MARKET ANALISYES FOR POSITIONING OF PEPSI & COCA COLA IN INDIA is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Prof. Mr.Pradeep Tripathi, the information has been collected from genuine & authentic sources. The work has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of BBA to our college. Place: Signature: Date: Name of the student: 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It gives me great pleasure and satisfaction for the successful completion of this project. Every successful piece of work has many invisible helping hands with their invaluable support and inspiration. For the completion of my project report many person directly or indirectly assisted me.