The Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand Questions
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
CAUSES of WORLD WAR I Objective: Analyze the Causes of World War I
CAUSES of WORLD WAR I Objective: Analyze the causes of World War I. Do Now: What are some holidays during which people celebrate pride in their national heritage? Causes of World War I - MANIA M ilitarism – policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war Alliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another ationalism – pride in or devotion to one’s Ncountry I mperialism – when one country takes over another country economically and politically Assassination – murder of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand Causes of WWI - Militarism Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.] in millions of £s (British pounds). 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1914 94 130 154 268 289 398 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures France 10% Britain 13% Russia 39% Germany 73% Causes of WWI - Alliances Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: Great Britain Germany France Austria-Hungary Russia Italy Causes of WWI - Nationalism Causes of WWI - Nationalism Pan-Germanism - movement to unify the people of all German speaking countries Germanic Countries Austria * Luxembourg Belgium Netherlands Denmark Norway Iceland Sweden Germany * Switzerland * Liechtenstein United * Kingdom * = German speaking country Causes of WWI - Nationalism Pan-Slavism - movement to unify all of the Slavic people Imperialism: European conquest of Africa Causes of WWI - Imperialism Causes of WWI - Imperialism The “Spark” Causes of WWI - Assassination Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand visited the city of Sarajevo in Bosnia – a country that was under the control of Austria. Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Duchess Sophie in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28th, 1914. Causes of WWI - Assassination Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were killed in Bosnia by a Serbian nationalist who believed that Bosnia should belong to Serbia. -
Ukrainian Orthodox Calendar
АВОСЛАВ ПР НИ Й THODO Й R X И O К К N C А Ь A A I L Л С N E Е I Н Н N Ї A D Д А R A Р А K 2021 R К Р U У Personal Information - Особиста Iнформацiя Name - Iм’я Address - Адреса Phone - Телефон Parish - Парафiя Published by THE UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH OF THE USA PO Box 495 South Bound Brook, NJ 08880 USA 1 From 1950 our Church has published the Ukrainian Orthodox Calendar. It has become not only a source of spiritual nourishment, but also the official directory UOC of the USA of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in the USA. Metropolitan In order to better serve the faithful of the Orthodox Eastern Eparch Church our Calendar features: His Eminence Antony • directories of parishes and clergy • necrology of the clergy of UOC of the USA Consistory President • highlights of the past year Western Eparch • information about business services who His Eminence Archbishop Daniel contribute to the mission of our Church • Calendar Minea in English and Ukrainian languages Office of Public Relations Rev. Ivan Synevskyy The editorial board of the Ukrainian Orthodox Calendar 2021 prays that the readers of our almanac Calendar-Minea Preparation will find in it a true witness to the mission of our V. Rev. Pavlo Bodnarchuk Church in (modern) society. We look forward to receiving spiritual, historical and cultural articles for publication in future calendars. The Ukrainian Orthodox Calendar 2021 is an official publication of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Submissions should be sent to the USA and is distributed only by the Consistory. -
Saints Related to Young People
Saints Related to Young People Thomas Aquinas—Academics Thomas was a gentle teacher who believed faith and reason when used wisely would enable all humanity to know and love God as the angels. He studied in Paris from 1245-1248 under Saint Albert the Great, then accompanied Albertus to Cologne. Here he received the nickname “dumb ox,” though he is now considered a Doctor of the Church, and one of the most intelligent philosophers of all time. Vitus—Against Oversleeping For obscure reasons, some 16th century Germans believed they could obtain a year's good health by dancing before the statue of Saint Vitus on his feast day. This dancing developed almost into a mania, and was confused with chorea, the nervous condition later known as Saint Vitus' Dance, the saint being invoked against it. Francis of Assisi—Animals, Catholic Action It is no use walking anywhere to preach unless our walking is our preaching. Son of a rich cloth merchant. Misspent youth. Street brawler and some-time soldier. During an imprisonment in Perugia, he had a conversion experience, including a reported message from Christ calling him to leave this worldly life. Upon release, Francis began taking his religion seriously. Christopher—Drivers His fame derives from the pious legend of him being a "Christ-bearer" (= Christopher). He was a powerfully built man who wandered the world in search of novelty and adventure. He came upon a hermit who lived beside a dangerous stream and served others by guiding them to safe places to cross. George—Boy Scouts Several stories have been attached to Saint George, the best known of which is the Golden Legend. -
Inheriting the Yugoslav Century: Art, History, and Generation
Inheriting the Yugoslav Century: Art, History, and Generation by Ivana Bago Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Kristine Stiles, Supervisor ___________________________ Mark Hansen ___________________________ Fredric Jameson ___________________________ Branislav Jakovljević ___________________________ Neil McWilliam Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies in the Graduate School of Duke University 2018 ABSTRACT Inheriting the Yugoslav Century: Art, History, and Generation by Ivana Bago Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies Duke University ___________________________ Kristine Stiles, Supervisor ___________________________ Mark Hansen ___________________________ Fredric Jameson ___________________________ Branislav Jakovljević ___________________________ Neil McWilliam An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies in the Graduate School of Duke University 2018 Copyright by Ivana Bago 2018 Abstract The dissertation examines the work contemporary artists, curators, and scholars who have, in the last two decades, addressed urgent political and economic questions by revisiting the legacies of the Yugoslav twentieth century: multinationalism, socialist self-management, non- alignment, and -
How Did the First World War Start?
How Did the First World War Start? The First World War, often called The Great War, was an enormous and devastating event in the early 1900s. Over 17 million people were killed and it had a massive effect on politics and countries all over the world. But why did the First World War happen and what caused it? The major catalyst for the start of the First World War was the assassination of a man named Archduke Franz Picture associated with the arrest of Gavrilo Princip Ferdinand. However, there were other events which led to the start of the war. The start of the 1900s in Europe was a time of peace for many. In most places, wealth was growing and people were comfortable and countries were thriving. At this time, some European countries, mainly France and Britain, owned and controlled countries in Asia and Africa, as well as some areas of other continents. This was because these countries helped to improve the wealth of Europe. Before the First World War, many countries were allies with one another and they had defence treaties. This meant that if war was declared on one of the countries, the other members of the alliance had to go to war to help them. There were two main alliances, one between Britain, France and Russia called ‘The Triple Entente’ and one between Germany and Austria-Hungary called ‘The Central Powers’. One of the reasons for these treaties was that, during the early 1900s, each country wanted to be the most powerful. Germany in particular, who did not control many territories, began building warships as they wished to become the most powerful country. -
01-22-21.Qxp Layout 1
The Southwestern Indiana’s Catholic MESSAGE Community Newspaper January 22, 2021 Volume 51, Number 20 www.evdiomessage.org ‘Come and See’ during National Catholic Schools Week BY DR. DARYL HAGAN strategies must be adhered to during Superintendent of the open house. Catholic Schools Why choose a Catholic National Catholic Schools Week (Jan. school for your child? 31-Feb. 6, 2021) recognizes the value of Here are some reasons for your Catholic education in developing our consideration: young people so they can reach their • We provide a safe and welcom- full potential. We acknowledge the vital ing environment for all role of parishes, pastors, administrators, • We offer an education that com- faculty, staff and volunteers in this bines Catholic faith and teachings effort. Moreover, we celebrate our stu- with academic excellence dents as they are formed in the faith and • We partner with parents in the acquire the skills needed for the 21st faith formation of your children century. A key event each year is ‘Come • We set high standards for stu- and See.’ The students and faculty of dent achievement and help them our 26 Catholic schools invite prospec- succeed tive families to an open house from 5-7 • We prepare students to be pro- p.m. local time on Thursday, Feb. 4, ductive citizens and future leaders 2021. • We teach children respect of self The “Come and See” event has been and others reimagined this year to provide a safe • We instill in students the value and welcoming event to all prospective of service to others families. While current students will not • We use technology effectively to be present this year as student ambassa- enhance education dors, their community, academic and • Tuition is affordable by provid- extra-curricular achievements will be ing tuition assistance through the displayed. -
Germany Austria-Hungary Russia France Britain Italy Belgium
Causes of The First World War Europe 1914 Britain Russia Germany Belgium France Austria-Hungary Serbia Italy Turkey What happened? The incident that triggered the start of the war was a young Serb called Gavrilo Princip shooting the Archduke of Austria, Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo. Gavrilo Princip Franz Ferdinand This led to... The Cambria Daily Leader, 29 June 1914 The Carmarthen Journal and South Wales Weekly Adver@ser, 31 July, 1914 How did this incident create a world war? Countries formed partnerships or alliances with other countries to protect them if they were attacked. After Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia others joined in to defend their allies. Gavrilo Princip shoots the Arch- duke of Austria, Franz Ferdinand. Britain and Italy has an France have Austria- agreement with an Hungary Germany agreement defends Germany Russia and with Russia defends declares Austria- Hungary Austria- and join the Serbia war on Hungary war Serbia but refuses to join the war. Timeline - first months of War 28 June 1914 - Gavrilo Princip shoots 28 June, 1914 the Archduke of Austria, Franz Ferdiand and his wife in Sarajevo 28 July 1914 - Austria-Hungary declares war against Serbia. 28 July 1914 - Russia prepares for war against Austria-Hungary to protect Serbia. 4 August, 1914 1 August 1914 - Germany declares war against Russia to support Austria- Hungary. 3 August 1914 - Germany and France declare war against each other. 4 August 1914 - Germany attacks France through Belgium. Britain declares war against Germany to defend Belgium. War Begins - The Schlieffen Plan The Germans had been preparing for war for years and had devised a plan known as the ‘Schlieffen Plan’ to attack France and Russia. -
PRIMARY SOURCE the Murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
mwh10a-IDR-O413 12/15/2003 3:21 PM Page 9 Name Date CHAPTER PRIMARY SOURCE The Murder of Archduke Franz 13 Ferdinand Section 1 by Borijove Jevtic On June 28, 1914, Austria-Hungary’s Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia. This excerpt from an eyewit- ness account by a fellow conspirator in the assassination plot explains why the attack took place, what happened during the attack, and how Princip, the 19- year-old Serbian assassin, was captured. Why did the Archduke’s plan to visit Sarajevo on June 28 prompt such a violent response? he little clipping . declared that the Austrian The road to the maneuvers was shaped like the TArchduke Franz Ferdinand would visit letter V, making a sharp turn at the bridge over the Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia, June 28, to direct River Nilgacka. Franz Ferdinand’s car . was forced army maneuvers in the neighbouring mountains. to slow down for the turn. Here Princip had taken How dared Franz Ferdinand, not only the rep- his stand. resentative of the oppressor but in his own person As the car came abreast he stepped forward from an arrogant tyrant, enter Sarajevo on that day? the curb, drew his automatic pistol from his coat and Such an entry was a studied insult. fired two shots. The first struck the wife of the arch- June 28 is a date engraved deeply in the heart duke, the Archduchess Sofia, in the abdomen. She of every Serb. It is the day on which the old was an expectant mother. -
Serbia in 2001 Under the Spotlight
1 Human Rights in Transition – Serbia 2001 Introduction The situation of human rights in Serbia was largely influenced by the foregoing circumstances. Although the severe repression characteristic especially of the last two years of Milosevic’s rule was gone, there were no conditions in place for dealing with the problems accumulated during the previous decade. All the mechanisms necessary to ensure the exercise of human rights - from the judiciary to the police, remained unchanged. However, the major concern of citizens is the mere existential survival and personal security. Furthermore, the general atmosphere in the society was just as xenophobic and intolerant as before. The identity crisis of the Serb people and of all minorities living in Serbia continued. If anything, it deepened and the relationship between the state and its citizens became seriously jeopardized by the problem of Serbia’s undefined borders. The crisis was manifest with regard to certain minorities such as Vlachs who were believed to have been successfully assimilated. This false belief was partly due to the fact that neighbouring Romania had been in a far worse situation than Yugoslavia during the past fifty years. In considerably changed situation in Romania and Serbia Vlachs are now undergoing the process of self identification though still unclear whether they would choose to call themselves Vlachs or Romanians-Vlachs. Considering that the international factor has become the main generator of change in Serbia, the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia believes that an accurate picture of the situation in Serbia is absolutely necessary. It is essential to establish the differences between Belgrade and the rest of Serbia, taking into account its internal diversities. -
WWI Assassination
WWI: Assassination Assassination: to murder a prominent person by surprise attach for political reasons. In 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the heir to the throne of the Austria-Hungary Empire. As Inspector General of the Army, Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, visited the capital of Bosnia, Sarajevo, to inspect army maneuvers. !On June 28, 1914, a nineteen-year-old Serbian assassin named Gavrilo Princip shot Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austrian throne. !The assassination was a disaster. To start with, it almost didn"t work. Six teenagers, none of them older than nineteen, had planned to throw a bomb in to the Archduke"s car as it passed by. But the boy given the job of throwing the bomb missed! The explosion went off behind the Archduke"s back fender. Immediately, police charged into the crowd and grabbed the bomb-thrower. He tried to swallow a capsule of cyanide to kill himself, but he couldn"t get it into his mouth properly. He was arrested at once and dragged off to jail. !At this, the other five boys fled. Gavrilo Princip went into a coffeehouse nearby to calm himself down by drinking a cup of coffee. When he finished his coffee, he stepped out onto the sidewalk and looked around. A car was coming towards him--the Archduke"s car, leaving the scene of the bombing to take the Archduke to safety. Princip, hardly able to believe his luck, drew his gun and shot into the car...killing both the Archduke and his wife. !The leaders of Austria insisted that the assassination attempt must have been planned by the Serbian government. -
Bibliography on State Sponsored Terrorism and Assassinations Abroad
PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 8, Issue 4 Bibliography on State Sponsored Terrorism and Assassinations Abroad; with Special Emphasis on the Assassination of 28 July 1914 that Triggered World War I [BSPT–EP -2014-4] Selected and compiled by Eric Price NB: some of the items listed below are clickable and allow access to the full text; those with an asterix [*] only have a clickable table of contents/only more information. Aichelburg, W. (1999). Sarajevo: das Attentat 28. Juni 1914: das Attentat auf Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand von Österreich-Este in Bilddokumenten [in German] Wien: Verlag Österreich [*http://primocat.bl.uk/ F/?func=direct&local_base=PRIMO&doc_number=012583737&format=001&con_lng=prm] Almira, J. & Stojan, Ž. (1927). Le déclic de Sarajevo [in French]. Paris: EÌditions Radot [*http://primocat.bl.uk/F/?func=direct&local_base=PRIMO&doc_number=000060553&format=001&con_ lng=prm] Bertin, C. (1971). Lucheni. Sarajevo [in French ] Paris: F. Beauval. Belfield, R. (2011) A Brief History of Hitmen and Assassinations London: Constable & Robinson, Ltd. [*http:// www.amazon.co.uk/Brief-History-Hitmen-Assassinations-Histories/dp/1849015201] Butcher, T. (2014). The Trigger. London: Chatto & Windus [*http://www.randomhouse.co.uk/editions/the- trigger/9780701187934] Campbell, I. (2010) The plot to kill Graziani: the attempted assassination of Mussolini’s Viceroy. Addis Ababa: Addis Ababa, University Press [*http://primocat.bl.uk/F/?func=direct&local_base=PRIMO&doc_ number=015984836&format=001&con_lng=prm] Cassels, L. (1984). The Archduke and the Assassin: Sarajevo, June 28th 1914. New York: Stein and Day. [*http:// www.amazon.com/The-Archduke-Assassin-Sarajevo-June/dp/0812830210] Clark, C.M. -
Prilozi 43 2014 Eng.Indd
%RMDQ$OHNVRYForgotten Yugoslavism and anti-clericalism of Young Bosnians Prilozi • Contributions, 43, Sarajevo, 2014, 79-87 UDK 329.78(497.15)"1906/1914" )25*277(1<8*26/$9,60$1'$17,&/(5,&$/,60 2)<281*%261,$16 %RMDQ$OHNVRY 8&/6FKRRORI6ODYRQLFDQG(DVW(XURSHDQ6WXGLHV/RQGRQ Abstract: Worldviews and political ambitions of Young Bosnians were a far cry from later and contemporary emanations of Serbian nationalism, as evident in the- ir Yugoslavism and staunch anti-clericalism. They should neither be praised for what they did nor blamed for what happened later. Their act can be understood and interpreted only in its own historical context, which opens new avenues for resear- ch away from false analogies and political abuses. 7KHUHLVDQROGQREOHFXVWRPSUDFWLVHGLQWKH8QLWHG.LQJGRPZKHUHE\DFDGHP- LFV DQGRWKHUV GHFODUHDQLQWHUHVWZKHQGLVFXVVLQJPDWWHUVSHUVRQVWRZKLFKWKH\ might have a relation. Unfortunately this has not been the case in the historiography RIWKRVHKLJKO\GLVSXWHGLVVXHVVXFKDVWKHRULJLQVRI)LUVW:RUOG:DU1 Despite the IDFWWKDWGRFXPHQWDU\HYLGHQFHIURPDOOVLGHVZDVSXEOLVKHGDOUHDG\LQWKHLQWHUZDU SHULRGWKHGLIIHUHQFHVRILQWHUSUHWDWLRQDQGRSLQLRQDELGHRUHYHQLQFUHDVHZLWKWLPH VRWKDWZKDWLVEHLQJZULWWHQRIWHQUHIOHFWVWKHFRQWH[WDQGEDFNJURXQGRILWVDXWKRU UDWKHUWKDQWKHHYHQWDQDO\VHG,ZDQWWREUHDNWKLVFLUFOHRIXQDFNQRZOHGJHGELDV E\GHFODULQJWKDW,ZDVERUQDQGUDLVHGLQWKHVWUHHWEHDULQJWKHQDPHRI1HGHOMNR ýDEULQRYLüWKHIDLOHG6DUDMHYRERPEHUDQGWKXVIURPHDUO\DJHVXEMHFWWRWKHJUDQG 6RFLDOLVW<XJRVODYLD¶VQDUUDWLYHRI<RXQJ%RVQLDQVDVIUHHGRPILJKWHUVDQG<XJR- 1)RUWKHPDQLSXODWLRQRIDUFKLYDOUHFRUGVDQGHYLGHQFHUHODWLQJWKHWKHUHVSRQVLELOLW\IRUWKH