Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report
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Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report SUNSHINE COAST LIGHT RAIL PROJECT PHASE 2(A) Job number 229104-00 Arup Arup Pty Ltd ABN 18 000 966 165 Level 4, 108 Wickham Street Fortitude Valley QLD 4006 GPO Box 685 Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia Disclaimer This report takes into account the particular instructions and requirements of our client. It is not intended for and should not be relied upon by any third party and no responsibility is undertaken to any third party. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of this data, the Sunshine Coast Council (SCC) and Arup make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness suitability for any particular purpose. SCC and Arup disclaim all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs which you might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way for any reason. © Arup 2013. Photographic images indicated as being for information only and are intended to represent general urban design principles and designs. Document Verification Job title Sunshine Coast Light Rail Project Job number 229104 Document title Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report File reference RPIA Report Document ref Revision Date Filename SCLR 2a RPIA Report_131219.docx Issue 19 Dec Description Issue incorporating AHA and Client feedback 2013 Prepared by Checked by Approved by Rachel Brazier and Name James Robinson Martin England AHA Signature Filename Description Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Signature Filename Description Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Signature Filename Description Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Signature | Issue | 19 December 2013 Sunshine Coast Council Sunshine Coast Light Rail Project Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report Contents Page 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Project background 1 1.2 Challenges and opportunities for the Sunshine Coast 2 1.3 The light rail proposition 2 1.4 The purpose of this report 3 1.5 The study area 3 1.6 Study process 4 1.7 Assumptions and limitations 7 2 Background and study area context 8 2.1 The composition of the study area 8 2.2 Historic context – the evolution of the ‘city’ 9 2.3 Landscape and natural environment 11 2.4 Population and lifestyle 12 2.5 City age profile 13 2.6 Economic context 15 2.7 Development intensity and built form 19 2.8 Areas of opportunity 20 2.9 Transport and accessibility 22 2.10 Summary of values and challenges 24 3 City shaping opportunities 25 3.1 Harnessing growth to build a better future 25 3.2 An agenda for sustainable growth 25 3.3 Spatial implications of growth 26 3.4 City shape frameworks 28 3.5 City form scenarios 31 3.6 Scenario comparison 36 3.7 The coastal transit village 37 3.8 Light rail as an agent for urban improvement 39 4 Transport challenges and objectives 42 4.1 The travel market 42 4.2 Transport planning and policy context 47 4.3 Public transport planning initiatives 51 4.4 An integrated transport network 55 5 The benefits of light rail 59 5.1 Doing nothing is ‘not an option’ 61 6 Light rail form and function 66 | Issue | 19 December 2013 Sunshine Coast Council Sunshine Coast Light Rail Project Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report 6.1 Approach 66 6.2 Light rail elements 67 6.3 Corridor 67 6.4 Light rail alignment and track 69 6.5 Appraisal of elevated track 70 6.6 Bridges and structures 83 6.7 Road corridor co-location 86 6.8 Rollingstock 95 6.9 Stations 96 6.10 Rail systems 99 6.11 Public utility assessments 101 6.12 Maintenance 104 6.13 Indicative property requirements 107 7 Environmental, social and physical factors 108 7.1 Air quality 109 7.2 Energy and greenhouse gas 109 7.3 Noise and vibration 109 7.4 Visual amenity 112 7.5 Ecology 113 7.6 Flooding and stormwater management 113 7.7 Climate change resilience and vulnerability 114 7.8 Cultural Heritage and Native Title 114 7.9 Social impacts 114 7.10 Preliminary geotechnical assessment 115 7.11 Key considerations for route selection 116 8 Route option development and assessment 117 8.1 Development of the ‘long list’ options 117 8.2 Assessment of the long list of options 117 8.3 Development of the short listed options 119 8.4 Refined assessment of the short listed options 119 8.5 Public transport accessibility assessment 120 9 Maroochydore 121 9.1 Context 121 9.2 Constraints, risks and opportunities 122 9.3 The long list of options: Maroochydore 123 9.4 Shortlisted options: Maroochydore 125 10 Alexandra Headlands to Mooloolaba 127 10.1 Context 127 10.2 Constraints, risks and opportunities 128 10.3 Assessment summary 129 | Issue | 19 December 2013 Sunshine Coast Council Sunshine Coast Light Rail Project Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report 11 Mooloolaba Precinct 130 11.1 Context 130 11.2 Opportunities 130 11.3 Consideration of elevated sections 131 11.4 Risks, issues and opportunities for light rail 132 11.5 The long list of options: Mooloolaba 133 11.6 Short listed options: Mooloolaba precinct 137 12 Mooloolah River to Kawana 139 12.1 Context 139 12.2 Assessment summary 140 13 Kawana Precinct 141 13.1 Context 141 13.2 Risks, issues and opportunities 143 13.3 The long list of options: Kawana 143 13.4 Short listed options: Kawana precinct 145 14 Kawana to Currimundi Section 147 14.1 Context 147 14.2 Assessment Summary 148 15 Caloundra 149 15.1 Context 149 15.2 Risks, issues and opportunities 149 15.3 The long list of options: Caloundra 151 15.4 Short listed options: Caloundra 153 16 Route Options Overview 155 16.1 Route options overview 155 16.2 Composite route scenarios 156 17 Early cost estimates 160 17.1 Methodology of cost estimation 160 17.2 Risks 165 17.3 Opportunities to reduce costs 166 17.4 Comparative early cost estimates 167 18 Study summary 168 18.1 The light rail proposition 168 18.2 Shaping the Sunshine Coast 168 18.3 Route options assessment 169 18.4 Recommendations for further investigation 169 | Issue | 19 December 2013 Sunshine Coast Council Sunshine Coast Light Rail Project Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report Appendices Appendix A Route Assessments | Issue | 19 December 2013 Sunshine Coast Council Sunshine Coast Light Rail Project Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report Figures Figure 1 Sunshine Coast Light Rail Study Phases 1 Figure 2 Illustrated comparison of light rail capacity compared to current private car occupancy on the Coast 3 Figure 3 The study area precincts and sections 4 Figure 4 The Phase 2a study process 6 Figure 5 Study area composition by land type 8 Figure 6 Areas of Environmental Significance 11 Figure 7 Landscape Character Areas 11 Figure 8 Indicative city transect – from the mountains to the sea 12 Figure 9 Forecast dwelling growth within the study area 13 Figure 10 Queensland and Sunshine Coast age profiles compared 13 Figure 11 Community views about Sunshine Coast suburbs (StreetAdvisor) 14 Figure 12 Regional Economic Development Strategy 17 Figure 13 Cost of housing and living 18 Figure 14 2011 Census data Sunshine Coast Urban Centres and localities– dwelling structures, by number of bedrooms (ABS 2013) 18 Figure 15 Mesh block dwelling counts 2011 Census (ABS) (existing densities) 19 Figure 16 Examples of existing built form 20 Figure 17 Development opportunity assessment 21 Figure 18 Major north - south routes 22 Figure 19 East- west connectivity 22 Figure 20 Current availability of Sunshine Coast travel options 23 Figure 21 Comparative Overview of travel to work modes, ABS 2011 Census 23 Figure 22 Spatial implications of accommodating the 24,000 additional dwellings within the Sunshine Coast Light Rail study area 27 Figure 23 Urban structure opportunities 28 Figure 24 Alternative orientation supports a series of distinctive neighbourhood nodes 31 Figure 25 Artist’s impression: city shape scenarios 32 Figure 26 Artist’s impression illustrating city form scenario – linear city form 33 Figure 27 Assumed mix of development and land required to accommodate the projected 24,000 dwellings within the corridor for a linear city form 33 Figure 28 Artists impression illustrating city form scenario 2 – ‘Bookend’ and major centre growth34 Figure 29 Scenario 2- assumed mix of development to accommodate 24,000 new dwellings 34 Figure 30 Artists impression illustrating city form scenario 3 – Coastal village and major centre focus 35 Figure 31 Scenario 3 coastal village and major centre focus 35 Figure 32 Artists impression - view of hypothetical coastal transit village 37 Figure 33 Beachside village common and ‘people’ street 38 Figure 34 Mixed use node on possible light rail alignment 38 Figure 35 Artist’s impression - view of the Nicklin Way from the inside of a light rail vehicle 39 Figure 36 Nicklin Way roadside environment 2013 40 Figure 37 Artist’s impression - possible future Nicklin Way roadside environment 40 | Issue | 19 December 2013 Sunshine Coast Council Sunshine Coast Light Rail Project Route Planning and Impact Assessment Report Figure 38 Artist’s impression – possible future view to the south across Aerodrome Road 40 Figure 39 Artist’s impression – possible future Aerodrome Road roadside environment 41 Figure 40 Artist’s impression – possible future Aerodrome Road, from above 41 Figure 41 Artist’s impression – possible future Aerodrome Road 41 Figure 42 Desire lines- journey to work trips, 2031 44 Figure 43 Desire lines- education trips, 2031 45 Figure 44 Desire lines- all trips, 2031 46 Figure 45 Corridors investigated and prioritised in a Line in the sand 52 Figure 46