Ushnisha Sitatapatra (White Parasol Deity)
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Sacred Arts of Tibet: Art from the Roof of the World
Sacred Arts of Tibet Art from the Roof of the World An Educator Workshop presented by the Asian Art Museum Chong-Moon Lee Center for Asian Art and Culture April 21, 2001 Prepared and edited by Deborah Clearwaters and Robert W. Clark, Ph.D. based on research by Terese Tse Bartholomew and other authors. We owe a debt of gratitude to Lama Ajia Lousang Tubten Jumai Gyatso, and Tenzin N. Tethong for their help in planning and presenting the workshop. Thanks to Terese Tse Bartholomew, Brian Hogarth, Alina Collier, Stephanie Kao, Elly Wong, and Jason Jose for their help with the packet and the workshop, and to Lisa Kristine, Migration Photography for her pictures. 1 Sacred Arts of Tibet Table of Contents Background Reading About this Packet The Land of Tibet The People of Tibet Nomads ~ Farmers ~ Monks and Nuns (the monastic community) Religious Practice in Tibet Buddhism in Tibet The Development of Buddhism in India Enlightenment and the Buddha’s Teachings Three Paths to Salvation The Bodhisattva Vajrayana Buddhism Bön, Tibet’s Indigenous Belief History The Age of Kings: The "First Transmission" of Buddhism to Tibet (approx. 400 BCE- 850 CE) Songtsen Gambo (618-650), the First King of a Unified Tibet Empress Wen Cheng and Empress Bhrikuti Help Establish Buddhism in Tibet Tibet’s Important Ties with India Expansion of Emperor Songtsen Gambo’s Empire Padmasambhava, the “Lotus Born,” Confronts the Bön Deities Establishment of the First Buddhist Monastery in Tibet Religious Rule: The “Second Transmission” of Buddhism to Tibet (Approx. 850-1000) -
For Immediate Release March 1, 2004
For Immediate Release March 1, 2004 Contact: Bendetta Roux 212.636.2680 [email protected] POWER, BEAUTY AND ENLIGHTENED BEINGS Indian and Southeast Asian Art March 25, 2004 New York – On March 25, the Indian and Southeast Asian Art sale will round off the trilogy of Asian Art sales taking place at Christie’s in Rockefeller Center this spring. Besides offering rare and important examples of sculpture, paintings, ritual objects and works of art from Gandhara, India, Tibet, Nepal and Southeast Asia, the spring sale will now also include a section dedicated to 20th century Indian paintings. The sale commences with a fine group of Buddhist sculpture from the ancient kingdom of Gandhara, present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan, at the crossroads of East and West. Included are an impressive figure of Buddha (estimate: $120,000-180,000); a finely carved representation of a Bodhisattva (estimate: $80,000-120,000); a life-size head of a Bodhisattva (estimate: $35,000- 50,000), formerly in the collection of Nelson A. Rockefeller, and a sensitively carved face of Buddha (estimate: $15,000-20,000), all executed in gray schist. Many of the sculptures in the sale come from renowned collections and were highlighted in major exhibitions and catalogue essays. One of the most outstanding works of art to be offered this season is an important bronze figure of Parvati (estimate: $500,000-700,000), South India, Chola Period, 12th century. The representation of the Hindu Goddess Parvati is a celebration of womanhood and a glorious tribute to Indian beauty. This magnificent sculpture belonged to Comte Hadelin de Meeûs d’Argenteuil, ‘Ambassadeur Extraordinaire’ in Brussels, Belgium. -
The Life and Scholarship of the Eighteenth- Century Amdo Scholar Sum Pa Mkhan Po Ye Shes Dpal ’Byor (1704-1788)
Renaissance Man From Amdo: the Life and Scholarship of the Eighteenth- Century Amdo Scholar Sum Pa Mkhan Po Ye Shes Dpal ’Byor (1704-1788) The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40050150 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Renaissance Man From Amdo: The Life and Scholarship of the Eighteenth-Century Amdo Scholar Sum pa Mkhan po Ye shes dpal ’byor (1704-1788) ! A dissertation presented by Hanung Kim to The Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History and East Asian Languages Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts April, 2018 © 2018 – Hanung Kim All rights reserved. ! Leonard W. J. van der Kuijp Hanung Kim Renaissance Man From Amdo: The Life and Scholarship of the Eighteenth- Century Amdo Scholar Sum pa Mkhan po Ye shes dpal ’byor (1704-1788) Abstract! This dissertation examines the new cultural developments in eighteenth-century northeastern Tibet, also known as Amdo, by looking into the life story of a preeminent monk- scholar, Sum pa Mkhan po Ye shes dpal ’byor (1708-1788). In the first part, this study corroborates what has only been sensed by previous scholarship, that is, the rising importance of Amdo in Tibetan cultural history. -
Ushnisha Vijaya Bodhisattva Homa Ceremony
Ushnisha Vijaya Bodhisattva Homa Ceremony Please rise and chant the Guru Heart Mantra as we invite the presiding Vajra Master and Reverends to the ceremonial area. Incense offering by presiding Vajra Master. Great Homage to the Lineage Root Guru and the Three Treasures represented on the altar using visualization: First homage to the Root Guru and all Buddhas in all times and directions Second homage to all Bodhisattvas Third homage to all Dharma Protectors Fourth half-bow Inviting presiding Vajra Master to take the Dharma seat, Reverend to take the seat and everyone please be seated. Introducing presiding Vajra Master. Offering Khata to honour presiding Vajra Master by temple representative. 1. Form the Padmakumara Mudra. Visualize the Root Guru appearing above one's crown and radiating white light for linage empowerment. Chant the Guru Heart Mantra OM GU-RU LIAN-SHENG SIDDHI HUM (7 times). Inviting presiding Vajra Master to encompass the boundary protection for the ceremony. Recite the ceremonial scroll Blessing of the ceremonial scroll and the registration forms 2. Incense Praise The Incense is now lit, suffusing the dharma realm, and from afar the scent is inhaled by the True Buddha Assembly Lu- xiang- zha- r , fa-jie-meng-xun, zhu-fo-hai-hui-xi-yao-wen Auspicious are the gathering clouds, as we now request, with sincere and earnest heart, that all Buddhas manifest. Sui -chu-jie-xiang-yun, cheng-yi-fang-yin, zhu-fo-xian-quan-shen Namo cloud canopy of fragrance, Bodhisattvas, Mahasattvas Na-mo-xiang-yun-gai-pu-sa-mo-he-sa ( 3 times) 3. -
Preliminary Notes on the Uigur and Tibetan Versions of the Sitdtapatradharani
TIBOR PORCIO (Szeged) Preliminary Notes on the Uigur and Tibetan Versions of the Sitdtapatradharani As is familiar to scholars in the field, the Uigur of Eastern Turkestan created a vast Buddhist literature, and the majority of this literature com- prises translations and adaptations of various Buddhist texts from different languages. These translations and adaptations can be divided into two main groups: 1. texts belonging to the pre-Mongolian period (ninth to twelfth cen- turies AD); 2. texts belonging to the Mongolian period (thirteenth to four- teenth centuries AD) (Zieme 1992:16). A chronological order can be estab- lished according to the original languages from which these translations were made: the Tocharian, the Chinese, the Tibetan, and finally the Sanskrit which, presumably, began only in the latter period (Zieme 1992:16). The first wave of translation from Tibetan dates back to the Yuan period (1280-1367). Works belonging to this period include the Manjusrl-Sâdhana or the Guruyoga by Saskya Pandita etc.1 Other works such as the Usmsavijayadhâram (Muller 1910:27-50) or the Sitdtapatradharani (Miiller 1910:50-70, 100), exhibit signs of having been translated from Tibetan. I have chosen the latter text as the subject of my current investigations. The Sitâtapatrâ text must have been very popular from the fifth or sixth century onwards, and remains so among Tibetans even today. A number of manuscripts in different languages have been discovered in different places - from Central Asia to Nepal2 - and the text is also a part of the Chinese, the Tibetan and the Mongolian Buddhist Canons. ' A list of the Uigur works translated from Tibetan originals is found in Kara-Zieme 1976:14-15 and Zieme 1992:40-42. -
SACRED SPACES: BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE (Buddhism Along the Silk Road) BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE on the Silk Road
SACRED SPACES: BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE (Buddhism along the Silk Road) BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE on the Silk Road Online Links: Bamiyan Buddhas: Should they be rebuit? – BBC Afghanistan Taliban Muslims destroying Bamiyan Buddha Statues – YouTube Bamiyan Valley Cultural Remains – UNESCO Why the Taliban are destroying Buddhas - USA Today 1970s Visit to Bamiyan - Smithsonian Video Searching for Buddha in Afghanistan – Smithsonian Seated Buddha from Gandhara - BBC History of the World BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE of China Online Links: Longmen Caves - Wikipedia Longmen Grottoes – Unesco China The Longmen Caves – YouTube Longmen Grottoes – YouTube Lonely Planet's Best In China - Longmen China – YouTube Gandhara Buddha - NGV in Australia Meditating Buddha, from Gandhara , second century CE, gray schist The kingdom of Gandhara, located in the region of presentday northern Pakistan and Afghanistan, was part of the Kushan Empire. It was located near overland trade routes and links to the ports on the Arabian Sea and consequently its art incorporated Indian, Persian and Greco- Roman styles. The latter style, brought to Central Asia by Alexander the Great (327/26–325/24 BCE) during his conquest of the region, particularly influenced the art of Gandhara. This stylistic influence is evident in facial features, curly hair and classical style costumes seen in images of the Buddha and bodhisattvas that recall sculptures of Apollo, Athena and other GaecoRoman gods. A second-century CE statue carved in gray schist, a local stone, shows the Buddha, with halo, ushnisha, urna, dressed in a monk’s robe, seated in a cross-legged yogic posture similar to that of the male figure with horned headdress on the Indus seal. -
SACRED SPACES: BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE (Buddhist Art of Tibet and Southeast Asia) BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE of TIBET and SOUTHEAST ASIA Online Links
SACRED SPACES: BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE (Buddhist Art of Tibet and Southeast Asia) BUDDHIST ART and ARCHITECTURE of TIBET and SOUTHEAST ASIA Online Links: Borobudur - Wikipedia Borobudur The Lost Temple of Java – YouTube Borobudur – YouTube About the Jowo Rinpoche Behind the scenes of the Jokhang monastery in Lhasa, Tibet Jokhang Temple, Lhasa - Places of Peace and Power Jokhang Temple - Famous Historic Buildings Jokhang Temple - Sacred Destinations Seated Buddha preaching the first sermon, from Sarnath (India) fifth century CE The Guptas, the founders of a dynasty in the eastern region of central India known as Magadha, expanded their territories during the course of the fourth century to form an empire that encompassed northern and much of southern India. Though the peak of Gupta power lasted only about 130 years (c. 320-450 CE), the influence of Gupta culture was felt for centuries. The Mathura-Gupta style was refined and perfected at Sarnath, where a great concentration of Buddhist sculptures has been unearthed. One unique group is known as the ‘wet Buddhas’, because the figures look as if they had been immersed in water. The beauty of his idealized features and his serene, downcast eyes reflect his inward focus, away from the transitory world around him, and is emphasized by the concentric circles on the nimbus behind his head. The textures of the repeating patterns of detailed foliate forms in the nimbus and on the back of the throne contrast with the smoothness of the Buddha’s body which, in its serene pose, reflects his state of enlightenment, tranquility, inner spiritual strength, and other-worldliness. -
Chanting Book
Chanting Book Original Light Temple Chanting Book Original Light Temple Bodhidharma, first patriarch of chinese zen Table of Contents Foreword ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������6 MORNING AND EVENING CHANTS Morning Bell Chant ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 10 Evening Bell Chant ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 13 Homage to the Three Jewels �������������������������������������������������������������������� 14 Prayer and Vow to Practice Seon by Master Na Ong (Hungarian) ����� 16 Heart Sutra (Korean) ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 18 Heart Sutra (Hungarian) ����������������������������������������������������������������������������20 Great Compassion Mantra �����������������������������������������������������������������������22 The Four Great Vows (Hungarian) �����������������������������������������������������������24 MIDDAY CHANTS Thousand Eyes and Hands Sutra �����������������������������������������������������������26 Shurangama Mantra ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������34 Refuge ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������42 Homage and Offering �������������������������������������������������������������������������������42 Rice Offering (Hungarian) �������������������������������������������������������������������������45 -
Expanding East Asian Studies
Buddhist Art in East Asia: Three Introductory Lessons towards Visual Literacy De-nin D. Lee Department of Art Bowdoin College [email protected] Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Lesson One: Iconography A. The Buddha Introduction The Buddha: Example for the Instructor The Buddha: Exercises for Students B. Bodhisattvas Bodhisattvas: Introduction Bodhisattvas: Example for the Instructor Bodhisattvas: Exercises for Students C. Narratives Narratives: Introduction Narratives: Examples for the Instructor Narratives: Exercise for Students 3. Lesson Two: Formal or Stylistic Analysis Formal Analysis: Introduction Formal Analysis: Exercises for Students 4. Lesson Three: Contextual Analysis Contextual Analysis: Introduction Contextual Analysis: Example for the Instructor 5. Select Bibliography 6. Web Resources 7. Glossary All terms appearing in bold are included in the glossary. Introduction A picture paints a thousand words, and for students of things foreign, a picture can make an immediate and lasting impression. Images of Buddhist art can be powerful pedagogical additions to courses that teach about Buddhism or Asian culture. Buddhist art comprises a tremendous range of objects, images, and sites including jewel encrusted reliquaries fashioned from precious metals, simple yet mesmerizing monochromatic ink landscape paintings, and temple complexes housing shrines and votive sculptures for the pilgrim to worship. The vast quantity of Buddhist art can easily overwhelm, and by necessity this unit selects a limited number of works of art to introduce students to the subject of Buddhism. The most immediate goal of this unit is to familiarize students with a few examples from the vast array of East Asian Buddhist art. A more general goal is to achieve visual literacy, which means being able to analyze and articulate how art conveys meaning to and solicits reactions from its audience. -
The Eighth Karmapa's Life and His Interpretation of the Great Seal
THE EIGHTH KARMAPA'S LIFE AND HIS INTERPRETATION OF THE GREAT SEAL Jim Rheingans A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of the West of England, Bristol for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Bath Spa University, School of Historical and Cultural Studies June 2008 UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST OF ENGLAND ABSTRACT THE EIGHTH KARMAPA'S LIFE AND HIS INTERPRETATION OF THE GREAT SEAL Jim Rheingans This thesis investigates the Eighth Karmapa (1507-1554) and his Great Seal instructions. It demonstrates that the Eighth Karmapa was not only one of the most significant scholars of his school, but one who mastered and taught its highest meditational precepts. The thesis argues that analysing his Great Seal teachings through studying instruction-related genres in their historical, doctrinal, and literary contexts reveals a pedagogical pragmatism. It is more useful to view the Great Seal as an independent key instruction that the guru adapts to the students' needs, rather than a fixed doctrine. The thesis contributes significantly to the religious history of Tibet by interpreting a number of previously unstudied Tibetan sources. The main textual sources are selected spiritual biographies (rnam thar), question and answer texts (dris lari), meditation instructions (khrid), esoteric precepts (man ngag), and advices (slab byd) from the Collected Works of the Eighth Karmapa (2000-2004). Chapter One engages with previous research and justifies the methodologies employed. Chapter Two elaborates key points of the bKa' brgyud pa Great Seal and the religious and political contexts of the Eighth 11 Karmapa. Chapter Three evaluates the main textual sources and genres used. -
The Heart Sutra in Its Primarily Chinese and Japanese Contexts Covers a Wide Range of Approaches to This Most Famous of All Mahayana Sutras
“Tanahashi’s book on the Heart Sutra in its primarily Chinese and Japanese contexts covers a wide range of approaches to this most famous of all mahayana sutras. It brings the sutra to life through shedding light on it from many different angles, through presenting its historical background and traditional commentaries, evaluating modern scholarship, adapting the text to a contemporary readership, exploring its relationship to Western science, and relating personal anecdotes. The rich- ness of the Heart Sutra and the many ways in which it can be understood and contemplated are further highlighted by his comparison of its versions in the major Asian languages in which it has been transmitted, as well as in a number of English translations. Highly recommended for all who wish to explore the profundity of this text in all its facets.” — Karl Brunnhölzl, author of The Heart Attack Sutra: A New Commentary on the Heart Sutra “A masterwork of loving and meticulous scholarship, Kaz Tanahashi’s Heart Sutra is a living, breathing, deeply personal celebration of a beloved text, which all readers—Buddhists and non-Buddhists, newcomers to the teaching and seasoned scholars alike—will cherish throughout time.” — Ruth Ozeki, author of A Tale for the Time Being Heart Sutra_3rd pass_revIndex.indd 1 10/22/14 1:14 PM Also by Kazuaki Tanahashi Beyond Thinking: A Guide to Zen Meditation Enlightenment Unfolds: The Essential Teachings of Zen Master Dogen The Essential Dogen (with Peter Levitt) Sky Above, Great Wind: The Life and Poetry of Zen Master Ryokan Treasury of the True Dharma Eye: Zen Master Dogen’s Shobo Genzo Heart Sutra_3rd pass_revIndex.indd 2 10/22/14 1:14 PM THE Heart Sutra A Comprehensive Guide to the Classic of Mahayana Buddhism Kazuaki Tanahashi Shambhala Boston & London 2014 Heart Sutra_3rd pass_revIndex.indd 3 10/22/14 1:14 PM Shambhala Publications, Inc. -
Mirrors of the Heart-Mind - Ushnishavijaya Essay
Mirrors of the Heart-Mind - Ushnishavijaya Essay http://huntingtonarchive.osu.edu/Exhibitions/sama/Essays/NM9... Back to Exhibition Index Ushnishavijaya in the Womb of the Chaitya (Image) Thangka, painting Cotton support with opaque mineral pigments in waterbased (collagen) binder 21.75 x 26.75 inches Eastern Tibet Ca. 19th century Folk tradition Museum #: 97.079 Ushnishavijaya and Surrounding Buddhas (Image below) Thangka Painting Cotton support with mineral pigment in animal collagen binder Tibet Gelugpa Folk Tradition Museum #: 96.017 By Natalie R. Marsh 20 May, 1998 Ushnishavijaya, the "Victorious Crown Protrusion," is depicted as the primary deity in two examples in the SAMA collection (cat. #'s 97.079 and 96.017) Virtually all Buddhist goddesses are essentially emanations of the archetypical goddess, Prajnaparamita, thus, Ushnishavijaya is understood to also be a Buddha Matri, or "Mother of the Buddhas." In addition, she further serves as the Prajna, or the female aspect of enlightenment and representative of shunyata, or the void. As a fully enlightened being she is herself a Buddha. The goddess's iconography varies slightly in the two folk tradition pieces shown. Frequently, the goddess is portrayed in her textually based iconographic form as described in the Sadhanamala. She should be invisioned as white in complexion with three faces each possessing three eyes. She is youthful and bedecked in many ornaments. Her right and left faces are yellow and blue respectibvely. In her right hands, from top to bottom, she carries the Buddha on a lotus; the arrow; and varada mudra, or the boon-granting gesture. In her left hands, in the same order, she carries the noose with tarjani mudra, the threatening gesture; the bow; and the vase of life.