Art & Culture April 29, 2018 3 This Day in History Iran’s Qajar Era Films to (April 29) Today is Sunday; 9th of the Iranian month of Ordibehesht 1397 solar hijri; corresponding to 12th of the Islamic month of Sha’ban 1439 lunar hijri; and April 29, 2018, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. Be Restored in France 1307 solar years ago, on this day in 711 AD, the Muslim conquest of Spain formally started these films are available at the palace. with the landing of a well-organized Berber-Arab army under command of Tareq ibn Ziyad on the “During the Qajar period, as Naser rocky island known till this day as Gibraltar – a corruption of the Arabic “Jabal at-Tareq”. Since the 680s Muslims from North Africa had been raiding coastal towns of the Iberian Peninsula al-Din Shah was very interested in across the Mediterranean but this was the first full-fledged expedition that led to the conquest the art of photography, he imported of what are now Spain and Portugal, and which became the Province of al-Andalus. Tareq was cameras and the photos taken are also governor of Tangiers in what is now Morocco under Musa ibn Nusayr, the conqueror and overall available at Golestan Palace.” governor of the Province of Ifriqiya (made up of present day western Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, and Nasrati also underlined that the Morocco). Tareq was made governor of Spain but was eventually called back to Damascus by Golestan Palace photo collection the jealous Omayyad caliph, Walid I, who also relieved Musa ibn Nusayr of the overall charge of contains 1,900 historical photographs, northwest Africa, Spain and the islands off the coast of France. There are three different accounts of the origins of Tareq given by Arab historians – he was a Persian from Hamedan; he was an saying it is the second largest Royal Arab of the Sadf tribe; he was a Berber from North Africa. Musa is also said to be the son of an Photo Album in the world after the Iranian Christian, according to the historian Tabari; while others say he was from the Lakhmid British Royal Collection. Arab clan who were clients of the Sassanid Dynasty. The Golestan Palace is one of the 941 lunar years ago, on this day in 498 AH, Spanish physician and hadith scholar, Hassan ibn oldest historic monuments in Tehran. Hafez al-Ghassani al-Andalusi, passed away. He wrote a biography of prominent figures. It was inscribed on UNESCO’s 927 solar years ago, on this day in 1091 AD, at the Battle of Levounion in the Balkans, the Pechenegs Turks, while invading the Byzantine Empire from their homeland north of the Black World Heritage List in 2013. For Sea, were decisively defeated by Emperor Alexius I, who was afraid that a possible alliance UNESCO, “it is a masterpiece of the between these non-Muslim Turks and the Muslim Turks of the Iran-based Seljuq Empire could Qajar era, embodying the successful spell the end of the Eastern Roman Empire. integration of earlier Persian crafts 729 solar years ago, on this day in 1289 AD, the principality of Tripoli, in what is now and architecture with Western Lebanon, was freed from180 years of European Christian occupation by Sultan Qalawun of influences.” Egypt, heralding the end of the last few remaining “pocket-states” of the Crusaders in Syria. The Qajar period is increasingly The liberation of Tripoli was preceded by that of Margat (in 1285) and Lattakhiya (in 1287), and was followed by the liberation of Acre (in 1291). The Crusaders of Tripoli had brought upon recognized as a time of significant themselves the wrath of the Muslims by their alliance with the Buddhists and active participation change in the Iranian society. Western in Hulagu Khan’s sack of Baghdad in 1258 and the Mongol invasions of Syria in 1260. The A still of a Qajar-era film kept at Tehran’s Golestan Palace Museum shows a number of Iranian army officers. ideas and technology, introduced by Mamluk sultan razed Tripoli to the ground and ordered the building of a new city a few km diplomats, military and technical TEHRAN (IFP)- A collection of films In an interview with the Persian- the third which includes films and inland. advisers, merchants, travellers and belonging to the Qajar era found at language Fars News Agency, photographs of the Qajar era,” added 701 lunar years ago, on this day in 738 AH, the Sarbadar movement was launched in Khorasan missionaries in 19th-century Iran, Tehran’s Golestan Palace are going to Masoud Nosrati said the Golestan Nosrati. by Imami religious scholar, Sheikh Khalifa Mazandarani, against the repressive rule of the exercised great influence. Ilkhanid Mongols, especially the local governor Togha Timur, who was notorious for his cruelty be sent to France for refurbishment, an Palace consists of three important “Last year, we tried to refurbish the Firmly rooted in Persian tradition, and high taxation of the people. The movement, which was mostly made up of the downtrodden Iranian official announced. sections; one of which includes 4,500 above-mentioned films in Iran, but Qajar art gives visual expression to masses was centered in Sabzevar from where it spread to neighboring cities. Its charismatic The chief of Tehran’s Golestan manuscripts, of which several items we did not succeed due to the lack of the changes in 19th-century Iran, leaders included Hassan Juri and later Ali Mu’ayyad, all of whom revived the teachings of the Palace Museum says 21 films that have been registered in the World technology in the country.” Ahl al-Bayt of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA). For the next 50 years, the Sarbadar (a Persian with architecture and the various were found at this palace 7 years ago Heritage List. He further mentioned that some term which means, heads bound on gallows, to signify their readiness for martyrdom), ruled techniques used in its decoration will be sent to France in the next few “The other section contains 500,000 of the Qajar era films were sent to most of Khorasan, although not on dynastic basis. They regarded as their spiritual leader, Shaikh offering the most comprehensive Mohammad Jamal od-Din al-Makki al-Ameli of what is now Lebanon, who was subsequently months to be restored. documents of the Qajar and Pahlavi France for restoration in 2005 and illustration of this artistic period. martyred in his homeland by the enemies of the Ahl al-Bayt, and earned immortality as Shaheed eras. The Royal Album section is 2006 and at present, 56 minutes of al-Awwal (First Martyr). When Amir Timur swept from Central Asia across Iran ending the Ilkhanid Dynasty, he respected the Sarbadaran and gave many Sabzaveris to high posts. 619 solar years ago, on this day in 1399 AD, Malik Ahmad Raja Faruqi, the founder of the Khandesh Sultanate in Central India – that lasted from 1382-to-1601 – died after a reign of ‘Pig’ 17 years as independent ruler, and was succeeded by his son, Nasser Khan. Khandesh, with Heading in Football Causes its capital, Burhanpur, was annexed by the Mughal Emperor Jalal od-Din Akbar in 1601. The Sultanate was a Persianate society, with its rich contribution to Persian literature, art and architecture. Islam was also promoted through peaceful means, as is evident today by the large to Hit Cognitive Impairment number of Tadvi Bhils, and Raj Gonds, who are Muslims. 592 lunar years ago, on this day in 847 AH, Abdur-Razzaq Samarqandi, the Iranian NEW YORK (Dispatches) ambassador to the Deccan (southern India) ended his year-long stay in Hampi at the court of the - Worse cognitive function in Raja of Vijaynagar, Deva Raya II. He was sent from the then Iranian capital, Herat (presently Iranian football players stems mainly from in Afghanistan), by the ruler Shahrukh (son and successor of the fearsome Turkic conqueror Amir Timur), on a three-year mission, mostly to the court of the Zamorin of Calicut (Kozikhode frequent ball heading rather than in Kerala). The major Muslim power in the Deccan was the Bahmani Empire founded by a unintentional head impacts due to family of Iranian origin. Abdur-Razzaq wrote an account of his mission and travels in the famous Screens collisions, researchers have found. Persian book “Matla us-Sa’dain wa Majma’ ul-Bahrain”. The book details the culture of southern While heading has previously India and the influence of Persian on the people and their different arts, as well as the presence of tens of thousands of Iranians in the various kingdoms of the Deccan, including Muslim and been associated with transient Hindu. Soon cognitive problems, researchers 481 lunar years ago, on this day in 958 AH, the Ottoman fleet under the command of Turgut at Albert Einstein College of Ra’ees freed the Libyan sea port of Tripoli from the 21-year occupation of the Christian Knights. Medicine are the first to compare He was subsequently named the Pasha (governor) of Tripolitania by Sultan Sulaiman. 241 lunar years ago, on this day in 1197 AH, Ottoman marines dispersed 75 Spanish warships the cognitive effects of heading which were trying to land forces at Algerian ports as a step for occupying it. to unintentional head impacts 164 solar years ago, on this day in 1854 AD, French mathematician and biologist, Henri such as collisions. Three hundred Poincare, was born. He wrote books in different scientific fields and died in 1912. and eight amateur football 123 lunar years ago, on this day in 1316 AH, acclaimed Iranian theologian, and physician, players in New York City filled male.