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1. Historic Camden Revolutionary War Site ¡ 4. State Park - 6. Kings Mountain National Military Park 8. Musgrove’s Mill State Historic Site C. Cheraw Come spend a few peaceful hours where the British spent a rough Boyhood home of President Andrew Jackson, nestled in the heart of The Park commemorates a pivotal and significant victory by Patriot In August of 1780 a detachment of American engaged and Cheraw was part of the British strategic line of defense that includ- defeated a superior British force near Musgrove’s Mill on the Enoree year. After his success in Charleston, Lord Cornwallis immediately the Waxhaws. The British repeatedly ravaged this frontier settlement militia over Loyalist forces during the Southern Campaign of the ed Camden. General Gates’ army traveled near here on the way to because of its inhabitants fierce support for the Revolution. This Revolutionary War. The October 7, 1780 battle destroyed the left River. Occurring at a time when American prospects for winning the the . General set up “Camp came to Camden and set up supply headquarters. The museum Cheraw”, the “Southern ”, in the winter of 1780. The homeplace is now Andrew Jackson State Park featuring a museum, wing of Cornwallis’ army and effectively ended Loyalist’s dominance Revolution seemed to grow dimmer by the day, the success at complex includes the 18th century town site, furnished 1789 Craven Lyceum Museum on the Town Green has displays on the period. Keys in the . The film, “The ”, is Musgrove’s Mill bolstered patriot morale in the Carolina House, reconstructed and furnished Kershaw-Cornwallis House, interpreting the Backcountry life and a replica 18th for historic sites and brochures available at the Chamber of Commerce century schoolhouse. Admission charged. shown daily in the park visitor center (Free). Other attractions Backcountry. The site includes a museum, access to the scenic reconstructed military fortifications and two log cabins with exhibits. , a fishing pond and interpretive programs. on the south side of the Green on Market Street. Used as a hospital include museum exhibits, battlefield trail, and a bookstore. and quarters by both sides, Old St. David’s Church, c. 1770, was the Open except major holidays Tue-Sat 10–5, Sun. 2–5 Admission charged. Hours: November–March 8–6, April–October 9–9 Recreational facilities including 119 camping sites, picnic area with last Anglican Church built in South Carolina and both British and Self guided tour, movie, museum shop, picnic area & nature trail free. Directions: Located nine miles north of Lancaster on Hwy. 521, shelters and fishing can be found at the adjoining Kings Mountain American soldiers are buried in its cemetery. Directions: US 1 or US Guided tours, Tues.–Sun. Admission. Location: 222 Broad Street. 196 Andrew Jackson Park Road, Lancaster, SC 29720 State Park. Hours: Grounds 9–6. Visitor Center Thur–Mon 10–5, closed Tue 52 or SC 9 to Market St. Church St, one block south of Market St. Directions: From I-20 take exit 98. Turn onto Hwy. 521 toward Telephone: 803-285-3344 southcarolinaparks.com and Wed, Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year’s Day. Telephone: 888-537-0014 Toll free. www.cheraw.com Camden. The site is 1.4 miles on the right. Open Daily: 9–5. Closed Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year’s Day. Location: from I-26 take Hwy 56 north, then follow signs. Telephone: 864-938-0100 www.discoversouthcarolina.com and Tarleton duel at Cowpens. By Wm. Ranney Telephone: 803-432-9841 email: [email protected] Location: 2625 Park Rd. (SC Highway 216) off I-85, Exit 2, Blacksburg. 9. The Schiele Museum of Natural History “Here began the first link in a chain of evils that followed each other in www.historic-camden.net 5. Historic Brattonsville—Huck’s Defeat Telephone: 864-936-7921. www.nps.gov/kimo regular succession until they at last ended in the total loss of America.” The Catawba Indian Village interprets 400 years of southeast Native On July 12, 1780, British forces under Captain Christian Huck were A. Ninety Six National Historic Site American history through replicated structures. The 18th Century 2. Winnsboro surrounded and defeated by combined rebel forces. This event, Now a area, this important backcountry cross- Backcountry Farm showcases the life of the early settlers from this which is now known as the Battle of Huck’s Defeat, was a major roads town was the site of the first Revolutionary War land battle region through six log buildings and living history presentations. Winnsboro, named after the prominent Patriot leader Richard south of New England in 1775. In May 1781, after a 28–day siege, morale booster for the Backcountry citizens. The battlefield is pre- Call for admission. Winn, was settled in 1775. Its self-guided walking tour features a Loyalist forces held off a determined attack by Gen. Greene’s Patriot served within Historic Brattonsville, a living history museum inter- ravel the trail of colonial life and revolutionary resist- view of the Cornwallis House, the winter headquarters for the army. Within a month of Greene’s departure, the British realized Hours: Museum Exhibits & Nature Trail: Mon–Sat. 9–5, Sun. 1–5. preting life in the Carolina Backcountry from 1780 to 1860. Each they could not hold the area and burned the town, thus abandoning ance. Explore sites where eighteenth century Carolinians British general. Lord Cornwallis gave Fairfield County (where Native American Village and Backcountry Farm: hours vary season- T year the Battle of Huck’s Defeat is reenacted during the second the still-intact earthen Star Fort and all of the backcountry to the ally; call for current schedule and upcoming programs. lived, where contending armies were headquartered…Camden, Old Winnsboro is located) its name in 1780. While he and his troops weekend of July. Patriot forces.Featured at Ninety Six National Historic Site is the Directions: I-85 south from Charlotte. Exit at Cox Road or New British Star fort, a well preserved 18th century earthwork. Free film. Salem, and Hillsborough. See the battlefields of Kings Mountain, occupied the town, he looked over the countryside and remarked, Hope Road. Follow signs to Schiele Museum. Cowpens, and Guilford Courthouse, where great armies fought, and Hours: 8–5 daily. Closed Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year’s “What fair fields.” Hours: Mon.–Sat. 10–5 Sun. 1–5. Open year round. Closed: Day. Location: From Greenwood, SC take Hwy 34 East to Hwy 248 Location: 1500 East Garrison Blvd., Gastonia, NC. 28054 American independence was won. Explore life during that time— Thanksgiving, New Year’s Day & Christmas Eve and day. Scheduled South at Ninety Six and follow signs. From I-26 take Hwy 34 West at Telephone: 704-866-6900 www.schielemuseum.org horrible war with brother fighting brother, great battles, small skir- Hours: Mon.–Fri. 9–5 Chamber at Town Clock. Walking Tours, Living History Programs feature costumed interpreters. Directions: the Newberry exit, 30 miles to Ninety Six, then follow signs. Telephone: 864-543-4068 www.nps.gov/nisi mishes, fascinating strategy and even peaceful hamlets. Brochures available on weekends from the downtown merchants. From Charlotte, take I-77 south to exit 82B. Travel southwest on Directions: Hwy. 34 turns into Hwy. 321 Business, which becomes Cherry Road. Proceed through Rock Hill. Cherry Road becomes The fife and drum both entertained and signaled. 10. The Hezekiah Alexander Homesite South Congress Street. The Town Clock is on the right in the center Highway 322. Follow Highway 322 approx. 10 miles. Turn left onto B. Catawba Cultural Center The “Rock House”, built in 1774, where revolution buzzed like a hor- Many Carolinians living in the backcountry had resolved prior to Brattonsville Road and proceed two miles to the Visitor Center. net’s nest, was the home of Hezekiah Alexander, one of ’s of downtown. The Catawba Indians fought on the side of the colonists and sup- 1776 to resist authority, but the war hit them with full force after the 7. Cowpens National Battlefield most venerated citizens. He was one of 27 signers of the Mecklenburg Telephone: 803-684-2327 www.chmuseums.org ported them in the . Today their heritage and fall of Charleston, SC, to the British in May of 1780. Then, deep in Telephone: 803-635-4242 www.fairfieldchamber.org On January 17, 1781, in fighting that lasted less than an hour at the Declaration of Independence and co-framed the North Carolina State culture are preserved through exhibits and videos at their Cultural the interior of the Carolinas, the persecution of area citizens by Cowpens, a Patriot army under General destroyed a Constitution and Bill of Rights. This Historic dwelling, from the Center. A nature trail can be explored going from the center 3. Landsford Canal State Park crack British unit commanded by the feared and hated lieutenant American Revolutionary War era, is situated on its original site and can British Colonel ’s men stirred resentment. Later, to the , the focal point of Lord Cornwallis crossed Lands Ford in his march from Charlotte to Colonel Banastre Tarleton. Scholars and many visitors study this his- be toured with docents dressed in authentic 18th Century costumes. the battle cry “Tarleton’s Quarter!” rallied the militia. The Patriots Catawba life. Tours available Winnsboro after the Battle of Kings Mountain. General Thomas torically and militarily significant American Revolutionary War battle. struck back with victories encouraging further resistance until the for individuals. Gift shop Hours: Mon.–Sat. 10–5. Sun. 1–5. (June 1–August 31) Tours 1:15 Park facilities include a Visitor Center with artifacts and audio-visu- backcountry was in an absolute state of rebellion. Lord Charles Sumter, the “Gamecock” used the area as a meeting place and features authentic hand & 3:15 Group tours by appointment. Admission Charged. al programs; a picnic area, battlefield trail and nature trail. Cornwallis, retreating from Charlotte, called it a “hornet’s nest.” campsite. General , who fought with made Catawba pottery, Location: 3500 Shamrock Dr., Charlotte, NC. 28215 Admission FREE. Sumter, served as governor of North Carolina and later retired to a other Native Ameri- Telephone: 704-568-1774 www.charlottemuseum.org home overlooking the ford. Now, the site is Landsford Canal State Hrs: 9–5. Open daily except Thanksgiving, Christmas & New Year’s day. Follow the path of the armies in the Carolinas’ Backcountry. Stand can crafts, books Park with the remains of an early 19th century canal and 18th cen- and items. in the shadows of courageous fighters who practiced guerilla war- Directions: From I-85 northbound, take exit 83. Turn left onto Hwy tury log cabin. Admission charged. fare. Rediscover the spirit of the American Revolution. 110, about 8 miles. At the intersection of Hwys 110, 11, and 221-A, turn right. The park is on the right. Hours: Daily 9–6. Directions: 12 miles south of Rock Hill, SC off From I-85 southbound, take Exit 92 at Gaffney, west toward Hours: Mon.–Sat. 9–5. Hwy. 21, 2051 Park Drive, Catawba, SC 29704 Chesnee on Hwy 11., the park is about 10 miles on the left. From I-26 eastbound, take exit 5, east toward Chesnee on Hwy 11. 1536 Tom Stevens Rd. Telephone: 803-789-5800 www.discoversouthcarolina.com Colonial reenactment at Historic Brattonsville, SC. Directions: From I-77, The park is about 20 miles on the right. take exit 79. Go toward From I-26 westbound, take I-85 north. Take exit 83. Turn left onto the Galleria Mall. At second Hwy 110. At the intersection of Hwys 110, 11 and 221-A turn right. Hours, admissions and schedule subject to change at listed attractions. light, follow signs to the Catawba Kershaw-Cornwallis House, Camden, SC. The park is on the right. Cultural Center. Telephone: 803-328-2427 www.ccppcrafts.com Telephone: 864-461-2828 www.nps.gov/cowp

13. Tannenbaum Historic Park - 16. Hillsborough Tannenbaum Historic Park preserves a portion of the 18th century Hillsborough, site of the 1775 , was occupied by Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail farmstead of Joseph Hoskins. During the Revolutionary War Battle of the American and British armies during the Revolution. Col. David The trail follows the route of the campaign of the American Guilford Courthouse, Hoskins’ land served as a staging area for Fanning’s raiders captured Governor Thomas Burke in September 1781, precipitating the Battle of Lindley’s Mill. Patriot army that decisively defeated an American Loyalist British troops under Cornwallis’ command. Hillsborough is also the site of the momentous Constitutional army, led by Major , at the battle of Kings Historic buildings, Explore History programs and The Colonial Convention of 1788 where delegates demanded a Bill of Rights Mountain, South Carolina, in the dark days of the fall of Heritage Center exhibits depict life before, during and after the Battle before they would ratify the US Constitution. Guided walking tours 1780. The trail stretches some 330 miles from Abingdon, of Guilford Courthouse. Free Admission. Call for tours of historic district. are offered by appointment, beginning at the Orange County Visitor’s Center. The Alliance for Historic Hillsborough. , through Eastern , over the high moun- tains of North Carolina, across the of North and Hours: Tues.–Sat. 10–4 Hours: Mon.–Fri. 9–5, Sat. 10–4, Sun. 12–4 Location: 150 E. King St., Hillsborough, NC. 27278 South Carolina including the eastern spur fromElkin, NC Location: 2200 New Garden Rd., Greensboro, NC. 27410 Telephone: 919-732-7741 Fax 919-732-6322 which joins the main portion in Morganton. The non- Telephone: 336-545-5315 email: [email protected] email: [email protected] motorized portion of the trail is under development with www.march1781.org 17. Snow Camp Community Drama Site certified sections existing in areas such as Gilbert Town South Carolina 14. Greensboro Historical Museum & near Rutherfordton where additional site amenities are This is a Quaker community, where British soldiers camped after the being developed. Other opportunities to retrace the route of Olde English District Commission - 1-800-968-5909 From maps and weapons to documents from General Greene and Battle of Guilford Courthouse. It is also the site of an outdoor sum- the Patriot army are found in Elkin, Wilkesboro, (Chester, Chesterfield, Fairfield, Kershaw, Lancaster, Union & York counties) , an 18th Century restored house, and objects from mer drama depicting the role of the in the American Morganton, along the and McDowell Rock Hill/York County Convention & Visitors Bureau - 1-800-866-5200 the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, the Revolutionary War enthusiasts Revolution. “Sword of Peace” runs June 26–August 30, 8:00 pm. www.visityorkcounty.com and Polk counties in North Carolina. Refer to the National will revel in the Museum’s wealth of displays. Free admission. Fee: Adults $15., seniors $13., under 12 $7. Camden/Kershaw County Tourism - 1-800-968-4037 www.camden-sc.org Renovations during 2009-10 – call ahead for exhibit availability. Hours: July 1–Aug 14, 8:00 PM Park Service map to drive or walk the route. Cheraw Visitors Bureau - 888-537-0014 www.cheraw.com Snow Camp Historical Drama Society, 1 Drama Road, Snow Camp Info: Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail; National Discover Upcountry Carolina Association - 1-800-849-4766 Hours: Tues.–Sat. 10–5, Sun. 2–5, Closed city holidays. Directions: I–85/40, exit 145, 15 miles south on NC. Hwy. 49 Park Service. www.theupcountry.com Living History can be found at many sites. Location: 130 Summit Avenue, Greensboro, NC. 27401 Telephone: 800-726-5115 www.snowcampdrama.com Telephone: 864-936-3477 http://www.nps.gov/ovvi (Anderson, , Greenville, Pickens, Oconee & Spartanburg counties) Telephone: 336-373-2043 www.greensborohistory.org Old 96 District - 1-800-849-9633 www.sctravelold96.com 18. House in the Horseshoe State Historic Site 11. Old Salem 15. State Historic Site Below are Overmountain Victory sites of interest: (Abbeville, Edgefield, Greenwood, Laurens & McCormick counties) Although the Moravians in Salem took no active military role in the Once the home of Phillip Alston, a Whig colonel, the House in the In the (May 16, 1771), Royal Governor William Horseshoe was the site of fighting during the Revolution and still bears Revolution, their neutrality was tested by both sides. Salem was Fort Defiance Tryon led North Carolina militia that crushed an army of rebellious the scars of the war. On the morning of July 29, 1781, while Alston and North Carolina Site of a fort during the Revolution and later home of General briefly occupied by the British in February of 1781. Moravians cele- backcountry farmers, ending the War of Regulation. The battle was his band of Patriots were camped at the house, they were attacked by Lenoir after the war, the area includes a historic home and grave Burlington/Alamance County Convention & Visitors Bureau - 1-800-637-3804 brated war’s end with a day of thanksgiving. Today, Old Salem is one illustrative of the dissatisfaction of a large segment of the colonial a larger group of led by . During the ensuing skir- sites. Present house built in 1792. www.burlington-area-nc.org of the country’s most authentic living history towns. Call for rates. population that would later participate in the struggle for independ- mish, the Tories attempted to set the house on fire by rolling against Thur–Sat, 10am–5pm. Sun 1-5pm. Chapel Hill/Orange County Visitors Bureau - 1-888-968-2060 ence. Free admission. it a cart filled with burning straw. Alston surrendered after both sides www.chocvb.org 1792 Ft Defiance Dr (US 268) Lenoir NC 28645 Hours: Mon.–Sat. 9:30–4:30, Sun. 1–5 took several casualties. The house remains riddled with bullet holes. Charlotte Convention & Visitors Bureau - 1-800-231-4636 www.ah.dcr.state.nc.us/sections/hs/horsesho/horsesho.htm Telephone: 828-758-1671 www.fortdefiancenc.org Location: Off I-40 (exit 193B) and U.S. 52 (exit 108C ) Hours: Mon.–Sat. 9–5 www.charlottecvb.org Winston-Salem, NC 27108 www.oldsalem.org Location: 5803 South NC. Hwy. 62, Burlington,NC. 27215 Gaston County Travel & Tourism - 1-800-849-9994 www.gaston.org Hours: Tues.–Sat. 9–5,(May-Oct). Closed Sundays, Mondays, official holidays. Orchard at Altapass Telephone: 888-OLD-SALEM or 336-721-7350 Directions: Six miles south of I-85/40, Exit 143, NC Hwy 62, Greensboro Area Convention and Visitors Bureau - 1-800-344-2282 Location: 324 Alston House Road, Sanford, NC. 27330 The present day orchard includes reenactments and storytelling Telephone: 336-227-4785 www.greensboronc.org Phone: 910-947-2051 www.houseinthehorseshoe.nchistoricsites.org recounting the march and two miles of certified trail. Open daily Winston Salem Convention & Visitors Bureau - 1-800-331-7018 www.alamancebattleground.nchistoricsites.org-- 12. Guilford Courthouse National Military Park D. Boggan-Hammond House except Tuesday from May 15 to November 15, 10am-6pm. www.visitwinstonsalem.com To check the invasion of North Carolina by Lord Cornwallis’ 2,200 1025 Orchard Road, Milepost 328.3 Blue Ridge Parkway, The oldest standing house in Wadesboro, it was built by Patrick Boggan in This publication printed as a cooperative effort between redcoats, Nathanael Greene deployed 4,400 rebels at 1796 and given to his daughter, Eleanor, when she married William Spruce Pine, NC 28777 North Carolina of Tourism, Film and Sports Development and Guilford Courthouse on March 15, 1781. Cornwallis held the field Hammond. Now owned by the Anson County Historical Society, it has been Telephone: 888-765-9531 www.AltapassOrchard.com South Carolina Parks, Recreation and Tourism FOR A FREE STATE MAP AND TRAVEL GUIDE CALL: after a fierce two-hour fight, but lost one-quarter of his army, has- restored and operated as a historic house museum. It contains period fur- tening his eventual defeat at Yorktown. Free admission. nitire dating to 1775. Patrick Boggan served as a captain during the Quaker Meadows Revolutionary War. Boggan and his brother-in-law, Col. Thomas Wade, Patriot soldiers from Virginia, Tennessee, and Wilkes and Surry Hours: Everyday 8:30am–5:00pm. founded in 1783, the town that became the county seat of Anson County. Counties gathered near this site to lay plans to defeat the Closed Thanksgiving Day, Christmas and New Year’s Day. It was renamed Wadesborough in 1787 after the death of Col. Wade. British. Area includes historic home and grounds. Sunday 2-4pm SouthCarolinaSmiling Faces.Beautiful Places.® Location: 2332 New Garden Road, Greensboro, NC. 27410-2355 plus special events and private tours. Telephone: 336-288-1776 www.nps.gov/guco Hours: Mon.–Fri. 10–4, and by appointment. 119 St. Mary’s Church Road, Morganton, NC 28655 NC Department of Commerce 1-800-996-6445 Location: 206 East Wade St., Wadesboro, NC. 28170 (1 block from square) Division of Tourism, Film and Sports Development www.DISCOVERSOUTH Annual reenactments at sites on anniversaries. www.historicburke.org/quakermeadows.html Telephone: 704-694-6694 http://home.alltel.net/ansonhistorical CAROLINA.COM Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, within constraints of scheduling & printing technology.

The Carolinas’ Backcountry Trail 1. Historic Camden 2. Winnsboro 3. Landsford Canal State Park The American Revolution 4. Andrew Jackson State Park in the Carolinas’ Backcountry 5. Historic Brattonsville 6. Kings Mountain National Military Park 7. Cowpens National Battlefield Colonial reenactment at the 8. Musgrove’s Mill State Historic Site Tannenbaum Park, Greensboro, NC. 9. Schiele Museum of Natural History 10. Hezekiah Alexander Homesite Overmountain 11. Old Salem North Victory Trail 12. Guilford Courthouse National Military Park Wilkesboro Carolina Elkin Hillsborough 13. Tannenbaum Historic Park Burlington 14. Greensboro Historical Museum Winston Salem Greensboro Lenoir 15. Alamance Battleground State Historic Site South Spruce Pine Snow Raleigh Camp Top above: Statue of General Nathanael Greene, Greensboro, NC. 16. Hillsborough Carolina Above: Reenactors at Tannenbaum Historic Park, Greensboro, NC. Morganton Below: McDowell house at Quaker Meadows. 17. Snow Camp Community & Drama Site Salisbury 18. House in the Horseshoe State Historic Site Sanford Rutherfordton SIDE TRIPS…along the way Gastonia A. Ninety Six National Historic Site B. Catawba Cultural Center Charlotte Wadesboro York C. Cheraw McConnells Rock Cheraw D. Boggan-Hammond House Hill Lancaster O. Overmountain Victory National Greenville Union Chester Historic Trail Great Falls Camden Winnsboro Ridgeway Greenwood

Columbia

Shown above: located in Cheraw, St. David’s Church Carolinas’ Backcountry Timeline was used as a hospital during the Revolutionary War. Shown below: Guilford Courthouse reenactment, Greensboro. May 1771–Alamance, North Carolina: Prior to the revolution, June 17, 1780–Battle of Hill’s Ironworks: British Legion dra- attack on Hanging Rock by Gen. Sumter and Col. Davie inflicted under Maj. James Wemyss launched an unsuccessful night attack Cornwallis engaged Gen. Greene at Guilford Courthouse, Guilford backcountry farmers (Regulators) battled the British Royal goons and Loyalist militia under Capt. Christian Huck destroyed heavy casualties on British Provincials and Loyalist but on Gen. Sumter’s troops at Fishdam Ford on , Chester County, NC, in one of the largest land battles of the war, Greene Governor Tryon’s troops. Col. William Hill’s ironworks in York County, SC. failed to capture the British camp. County, SC. withdrew after inflicting heavy casualties on the British.

November 19–21, 1775–First Siege of Ft.Ninety Six: Loyalist June 20, 1780–Battle of Ramsour’s Mill: NC Patriot militia August 8, 1780–Battle of Wofford’s Ironworks: Col. Isaac November 20, 1780–Battle of Blackstock’s Plantation: April 25, 1781–Battle of Hobkirk’s Hill: under militia commanded by Maj. Joseph Robinson besieged Patriot under Col. Francis Locke defeated Lt. Col. John Moore’s Loyalist Shelby of NC and Col. Elijah Clarke of defeated British Sumter won an important victory over Tarleton at Blackstocks, Lord Francis Rawdon attacked Gen. Greene’s American army at militia under Maj. Andrew Williamson at Fort Ninety Six, militia at Ramsour’s Mill, Lincoln County, NC. troops under Maj. James Dunlap at Wofford’s Ironworks, Union County, SC, but Sumter was seriously wounded during the Hobkirks’s Hill in Kershaw County, SC. Once again the British Greenwood County, SC, the first land battle of American Spartanburg County, SC. claimed victory but suffered heavy casualties. Revolution in South Carolina. battle. July 12, 1780–Battle of Williamson’s Plantation or Huck’ s December 22, 1775–Battle of Great Canebrake: Patriot mili- Defeat: SC Patriot militia under Cols. Andrew Neal, William Bratton, August 16, 1780–Battle of Camden: The British army under December 3, 1780–Greene assumed command: Maj. Gen. May 22–June 19, 1781–Second Siege of Ft. Ninety Six: tia under Col. Richard Richardson defeated Loyalist militia under Edward Lacey and Richard Winn defeated Bristish Provincials and Lord Charles Cornwallis completely routed the American army of Nathanael Greene arrived in Charlotte, NC and assumed com- Greene besieged the British forces at Fort Ninety Six but was Maj. Patrick Cunningham at Great Canebrake on the Reedy River, Loyalist militia under Capt. Christian Huck at Williamson’s Plantation, Gen. near Camden, Kershaw County, SC. This battle mand of the Southern from Gen. Gates. forced to withdraw as Lord Rawdon advanced with a large army. Greenville County, NC. York County, SC. was the worst American defeat of the Revolution and opened the way for Cornwallis to advance into NC in September. December 30, 1780–Battle of Hammond’s Store: August 5, 1781–House in the Horseshoe: Loyalist militia June 1776–October, 1776–Cherokee Campaign: After the July 12, 1780–Battle of Cedar Spring: Loyalist militia attempt- Continentals and SC militia under Lt. Col. under Col. David Fanning captured Patriots under Col. Philip pro–British Cherokee Indians went to war on the frontiers of NC ed a night ambush on Col. John Thomas’s Patriot militia camp at August 18, 1780–Battle of Fishing Creek: British troops under routed Loyalist militia under Brig. Gen. Robert Cunningham in Alston at Alston’s home (the “House in the Horseshoe”) on the and SC, over 2000 backcountry militia under Gen. Andrew Cedar Spring near Spartanburg, SC, but were repulsed thanks to a Lt. Col. Tarleton defeated Gen Sumter’s Patriot militia in a sur- Laurens County, SC. Deep River, Moore County, NC. Williamson of SC and Gen. of NC launched an warning from Thomas’s mother. prise attack at Fishing Creek, Chester County, SC. extensive campaign against them, destroyed many Cherokee towns January 17, 1781–: British forces under Lt. September 8, 1781–: Greene engaged in western SC, western NC and northern Georgia and forced the August 18, 1780–Battle of Musgrove’s Mill: Patriot militia the British under Col. Alexander Stewart at Eutaw Springs, Cherokee to sue for peace. July 14, 1780–Battle of Earle’s Ford: British Provincials and Col. Tarleton suffered a disastrous defeat at the hands of American Loyalist militia under Maj. James Dunlap attacked Patriot militia under Cols. , Elijah Clarke and James Williams defeat- Continentals and Patriot militia under Brig. Gen. Daniel Morgan at Orangeburg County, SC, both sides suffered heavy casualties, but May 9– 12, 1780–: The British army and from NC, SC and Georgia under Brig. Gen. Charles McDowell at ed Provincials and Loyalists under Lt. Col. Alexander Innes at the Cowpens in Cherokee County, SC. Greene’s troops won the field. navy under Sir Henry Clinton captured Charleston, SC and an Earle’s Ford on North Pacolet River, Spartanburg County, SC. Musgrove’s Mill on Enoree River, Union–Laurens County, SC. entire American army of some 5000 men under Gen. Benjamin February 1, 1781–Battle of Cowan’s Ford: Having reentered September 13, 1781–Battle of Lindley’s Mill: Lincoln. July 21, 1780–Battle of Colson’s Mill: NC troops under Brig. September 26, 1780–: Col. William Davie’s NC, Cornwallis’s troops were stopped at Cowan’s Ford on the Continentals under Col. Otho Williams made an unsuccessful Gen. defeated Col. Samuel Bryan’s Loyalist riflemen slowed the advance of Lord Cornwallis’s army, but could Catawba River, Lincoln–Mecklenburg Counties, NC, by Gen attempt to recapture NC Gov. Thomas Burke from Fanning’s May 29, 1780–Buford’s Defeat or Battle of the Waxhaws: Some militia on the River, Stanly–Richmond Counties, NC, not stop the British troops from capturing and occupying William Lee Davidson. The British then outflanked and defeated Loyalists. 350 Virginia Continentals under Col. were defeat- Davidson was seriously wounded in the fight. Charlotte, NC. the Americans and Davidson was killed in the battle. ed by British Legion commanded by Lt. Col. Banastre October 17, 1781–Surrender at Yorktown: The British army Tarleton in the Waxhaw settlement, Lancaster County, SC. July 30, 1780–: SC and NC Patriot militia October 7, 1780–Battle of Kings Mountain: Backcounty mili- February 25, 1781–Pyle’s Defeat: Loyalist militia under Col. under Lord Cornwallis surrendered to Gen. George Washington at under Brig. Gen. Thomas “Gamecock” Sumter launched an tia from Virginia, NC, SC and Georgia under Col. William Campbell John Pyle were attacked and defeated by Continental dragoons and Yorktown, VA. June 6, 1780–Battle of Beckhamville or Alexander’s Old unsuccessful attack on the British fort at Rocky Mount, Fairfield defeated British Provincials and Loyalist militia under Maj. Patrick Patriot militia under Lt. Col. Henry “Lighthorse Harry” Lee in Field: Patriot militia under Capt. John McClure defeated Loyalist Ferguson at Kings Mountain, York County, SC. Ferguson’s Defeat December 14, 1782–Evacuation of Charleston: The last militia under Capt. Henry Houseman near Great Falls in Chester County, SC. Alamance County, NC. County, SC. destroyed Cornwallis’s plans for an early invasion of NC and British troops in South Carolina evacuated Charleston. July 30, 1780–First : Col. William R. forced him to withdraw to Winnsboro, Fairfield County, SC, for the March 2, 1781–Battle of Clapp’s Mill: “Lighthorse Harry” Lee’s June 8, 1780–Battle of Mobley’s Meetinghouse: Loyalist militia Davie made a diversionary attack on the British camp at Hanging winter. dragoons ambushed Tarleton’s cavalry at Clapp’s Mill in Alamance under Col. Cahrles Coleman were dispersed by Patriot militia under Capt. Rock while Gen. Sumter attacked Rocky Mount. County, NC. John McClure, Col. Edward Lacey, and Col. William Bratton in Fairfield County, SC. August 6, 1780–Second Battle of Hanging Rock: A second November 8, 1780–Battle of Fishdam Ford: British dragoons March 15, 1781–Battle of Guilford Courthouse: Lord

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