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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 220 334 SE036096 AUTHOR Agro, Sally; And Others TITLE Simplifying Data. USMES Intermediate "How To"Set...1 INSTITUTION. Education Develbpment Center, Inc., Newton, Mass.; Unified Scielpe and Mathematics for Elementary Schools, Newton, Mass. SPONS AGENCY National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. WORT NO ISBN-0-89292-030-0 PUB DATE 77 GRANT SED-69701071 . NOTE -94p.; For.Frelated documents see SE 039 060-098, ED 142 362, and ED 183 367. AVAILABLE FROMERIC Clearinghouse for Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Education,,1200 Chambers Rd., 3rd Floor, Columbus, OH 43212 ($3.25). EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Data Analysis; *Elementary'School Mathematics; *Elementary'Schebl Science; Instructional Materials; Iftterdisciplinary Approach; Intermediate Grades; / Language Arts; Learning Activities; Mathematics Education; *Problet Solving; Process Education; Science Course Improvement Projects; Science Education; Social Studies; *Statistics; *Unified Studies Curriculum IDENTIFIERS National Science Foundation; *Unified Science Mathematics for Elementary Schools ABSTRACT In this set of six booklets on simplifyingdata, intermediate grade students learn how to tell whatdata show, find the median/mean/mode from sets of data, finddifferent kinds of ranges, and use key'numbers to compare two setsof data. The major emphasis irgiall Unified Sciences and Mathematics forElementary Schools (USMES) units is on open-ended, long-rangeinvestigations of real problems. In most instances studentslearn through observing results of their own and their classmates'experiments. However, students may recognize the need for certain factsand/or skills during their investigations. Although some children prefer towork things but for themselves, others may ask for help. USMES"How To Sets" are designed to provide such assistance. Eachbooklet in a set contains several examples of children using a skillbeing taught, each example emphasizing a different aspect of theskill.or a potential pitfall. The first,page tells why or whenstudents may need the skill covered in the booklet and includes atable of ontents. There is no sequence to the sets (or booklets withinsets and they shouid not be used out of the contexof child,ws' open investigation of a practical groble (Author/JN) ****************************!****************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can bemade from the original document. *********************************************************************** t 4 - , - k I AM> t 1,14.flEillttilAY.. elf4 jg 0E44.4114Airr1 as fouc /1,10N ", E C,./C it riON ,.. ,I.. ,..VI 4.th, , ,, ti. ' In. .1 .1.,itl --m .,_,. ..,e. , ,,,r 1 i 11414 4,ily VI,. , 1-,,,,,,,.., ,,dft OW ta,le 4,1,..,.4 43, .P` '.4.4 2,41, e ,,,,fs ,..ew., ,,,,,,,. , .02180, ,, 1,,,,,O. 0"..S8 02evesein 0111.1a, NIE 04 61.141, 1. pol.! . c. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS t MATERIAL IN MICROFICHE ONLY A HAS BEEN GRANTED BY +IN INFORMATION CENTER IERICI . 7.4 TELL WHAT YOUR DATA SHOW, , FIND:THEMEDIAN FIND:THE MEAN C. 4% ---FIND'THE:, MODE 1_4 FIND DIFFERENTKINDS OF RANGES USE KEY NUMBERS TO dOMPAIIE TWOSETS OF DAT 114. 11 1111 1111 II 11111111011111 H 11 11 11 o lUll III II Donn III 1 1 1 !: II I 1 1 1 1 IV 1 11 1I II I V I I III ill 1 11 1 1 11 1 11I I1 111 111 11 1 6 SIMPLIFYINGDATA ove WHAT IS USMES? RESOURCES FOR ANIMMES-PROtRA , -In.addition to the USMES "ilowTo" , USMES challenges students to s9lvereaI('' Aoblemd within their school ind4ommunity. ofSeries', thde are--- Students tackle problemslike a busy or unl- safe intersectionnear their school, class- The USBES%Guide: ,This book"desdribes the USMES projey.real problem solv room furniture tpatitoesnit fit them,OT clasaroom strategies, the Design Labs -playground's thavare crowded or uninterest- the units, and tile support materialsie ak ing. These problems have immediate and . well as ways thatOMES helps studehts practicgl impact on students. They hate learn basic skilri:A section in the no established, correct solutions-n-students guide cOrrelates the twenty-six USMES take'or recommend action based Upon whatever units with topics.in Science, Mather data they collect and analyze. Furthermore, matics, Social Science, Language Arts, the students themselves, not the teacher,/ Career Education, and Consumer Education direct the problem-solving process. ,W) . .- Teacher Resource BookS (one per unit):e Solving real problems is interdisc lin- Each Of these guides.to using, USMES ary: skills; processes, and concepts; rom uniti'describes a broad problei, ex- science, mathematioa, sOcial science, and Plains hoW stfidents.might*narrow that language arts all play a part. For example, : problem.to meet their particular needi, students conduct opinion surveys, build recOMmends classroom s rategigs, and measuring devices,.write letters,-and make presents logs from teachers whOse .and use graphs:They alsomake decisions, classes have worked bn the unit. work productively in small groupS,'and develop and clarify values. : ;Design.Lab Manual: Thia guide he1s , teachers and administrators set up, run, The USMES curric Ium is organized into and use a Design Lab--a place with tools twenpy-six'problems, or units, that haire -z-,and materials where students can build leen_developed in the oleSeroom.by teachers thingatheyneed-for-thefwork: onTUSMEe-- and ,students in a wide Variety.of schools. units. A Design Lab may be.4 corner of Most.units can.be used in grades.K-Er,al- a classroom; a portable carti or a fhough the level at which studehts approach separate;roor. 0 problemand,deyelop a solution will vary . according to age, abilityt And interest:: Dackground Papecs: These papers provide .7,.! teaChers with information and hints that , do not appear in the stUdent materials.. .10 , ,C*. 0 . Th0 Him 1iSeries is a resource dtiveioped vyi ula USMES prole<t, Earle L. Lomun.Prujijk.i Directuj. Betty M Beck. AssuLlate Director tor Deveimmen . Thomas L. BroyntaNssociate ifirettar tor Utslimitin Studies, Ouintun E. Bake". Associaltft Directur furAdrninistraDon. a . .. o . .*. 0 . T ins materna is P.isets upun resear0 stfppuu eo taye. the tiltrurial &Acme FrAndatiun under Grt l.SiD 6.9-01O71.. Any opinions. iindings. .and conOsistunNut recommendations xoressed n tin5 publication are rhuse 01 the outhuis and du nutmenet* reflect the views of the N.itien41 Science F.,enindat(on. a . ; , W Complete USMES Library iS814. 0-89292 033.5 ©1977 kiy Edutatten Develup Cnp'r.In. All,rigtus iserve.14 mediate .-..r T.:- Slid-, ISBN, 0 89202 030 0 I I 73 THE UWEgINTERMEDIATEHOW TO SERIES - USMES and Skills How to Use the 'How To' Series ,USMES itudents often see a need to learn Wait for a need. When a 'student asks new skills to help them/get a problem- for help, refer him or her to the approPri-, solving job done. Students seeking toim- ate booklet. Hakring a'student read a book-, prove a itreet crossing may want to learn .let before there is a need td do so Will not how toet stopwatch or how to,make a only result iniless effective learning but trundle e0'.., ttudents,comOaripg differ- 411 defeat the USMES purpose of allowing ent lirands bf 'Paper/towels may went to dtudents to decide what needb tO be done. learn how to design an experimeni and how 4 to make a bar)graph. The list cin go on When necessary, use the "How To" Series and on, _but the pattern is clear; soYving . as a teaching aid. Most of the time stu- a real problem requires skills., dents will be able to go through a booklet by themselves,and,learn the skills they need to learn. However, some material'in Purpose of 'HoW To' Sericis some sets is difficult and somewhat abstract. v When the booklet by itself is not doing the Materials that help students'learn job, feel free to step in and help the stu- skills like designing an opinion survey and dent go through it.- / 'choosing the apprdpriate measqring tool,are not readily available for int,ermediate grade Knowing how the contents of the booklets students. :The USMES Intermediate "How To"., are organized may help in dsing the series Series fills tbis gaP. Its magazine-style' effectively. format helps students acquire, the skills ,and 'knowledge they need to.do things like The first page tells whjor whena' redesign their classroom, find the best buy student may need. the skill covered in potato :chips, or run'a school store. in the booklet, and includes a table of contents. EaCh booklet contains several ex- amples or stories about students using the skill or process being. taught. Each &le emphakzes a different aspect of the or a potential pitfall. When information in other booklets 'may help the student, the titles of theebooklets are included in the text, 4, The last Pages of each booklet con- tain a summary of the points cov- ered'in the booklet. t,OTHER USMES,HOW TO SERIES . Beginning "How To" Series: This, "How To" Cards: This series is printed cartoon-style series covers in less detail on colored car4 stock rather than paper. much of the saMe material as tbe Interme- They contain feWer words than the Interme- diate Series. Its,tartoon-stile format diate "HoW To" Series and utilize the Amer- helps younger children and,those with read:- ican system of units (ft./lb./sec.) rather difOculties acquire the skills needed. than fhe metric system. The Collecting to work on a real p'roblei. Data set, holever, is,not available in the "Bow To" CarOs. *. -4 'Design Lab "How To" Series: These A illutrated cards help children learn how use tools safely and effactivelyb 4 , INTERMEDIATE.HOW iOSERIES 4t A p. COLLEAtTING DATA Collect ,Good Dat4' Round Off Data Record Data ' Do ar F.Xperiment Make an Opinion Survey Choose a Sample . 4RAPRING Choose Which Gph to Make Make a Bar Graph Make a Histogiam Make a Line Giaph , Make a Conversion Graph Use Graphs to Conipare Two SeteNif Data 4.