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A Comparison of the News Coverage of the 2010 Health Care Reform Debate Masudul Biswas Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College

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A Comparison of the News Coverage of the 2010 Health Care Reform Debate Masudul Biswas Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2011 Ethnic online newspapers vs. mainstream online newspapers: a comparison of the news coverage of the 2010 health care reform debate Masudul Biswas Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Mass Communication Commons Recommended Citation Biswas, Masudul, "Ethnic online newspapers vs. mainstream online newspapers: a comparison of the news coverage of the 2010 health care reform debate" (2011). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 4025. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4025 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. ETHNIC ONLINE NEWSPAPERS VS. MAINSTREAM ONLINE NEWSPAPERS: A COMPARISON OF THE NEWS COVERAGE OF THE 2010 HEALTH CARE REFORM DEBATE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agriculture and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In The Manship School of Mass Communication By Masudul Karim Biswas B.A., University of Dhaka, 2001 M.S.S., University of Dhaka, 2003 M.A., Ohio University, 2007 August 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without wise guidance and incredible patience of my advisor Dr. Felicia Song. English is my second language, and I have to say I learned a lot from Dr. Song about the art of writing in the process of preparing this dissertation manuscript. Dr. Song read line by line of every draft of this dissertation and provided me insightful and thorough feedback that was helpful in completing this research with a success. I would like to acknowledge and thank committee members for their help and suggestions at different phases of this research and manuscript editing. The contribution of Dean Ralph Izard is huge during my doctoral program of study, including this research. I continued my involvement with the Forum on Media Diversity, a nationally-recognized project of the Manship School of Mass Communication, because of Dr. Izard’s support and encouragement. My engagement with the Forum on Media Diversity inspired me to do this dissertation. I do not know how many times I met Dr. Margaret DeFleur to share my ideas for dissertation at the beginning of doctoral program. Her initial insights about my ideas helped me a lot to narrow down the focus of dissertation research. Coffee chats with Dr. Richard (Rick) Popp helped me to figure out the “so what” questions of this research. Dr. Popp always encouraged me to avoid the heavy use of jargons in writing and interpret the findings in simple words. Dr. Michelle Livermore was always very prompt to respond to my queries, and made sure that my literature on health care reform was on the right track. I am also grateful to Dr. Frances Lawrence for her suggestions to include several agenda attributes on health care reform that I overlooked initially. ii I would like to acknowledge a great help of my friend Kristin Marks in coding news stories for intercoder reliability test in this research. Her comments were helpful in revising the definitions of conflict and strategy frames for the coding purpose. I also would like to acknowledge another important help of Marina Andrea Cutaia, my former visual communication student, who checked the reliability of Google’s English translation of Spanish-language news stories. I am thankful to Mr. Marvin Broome for his help with my writing. My life at the Manship School would not have been easier without the spontaneous help of Angela Fleming, Elizabeth Cadarette, Lyn LeJuene, and Linda Rewerts. My special thanks to Provost Jack Hamilton for his support and encouragement. I am also thankful to Adrienne Moore, Amy Reynolds, Louis Day, David Kurpius, Lisa Lundy, Jinx Broussard, Jay Shelledy, Bob Ritter, Craig Freeman, Nicole Smith Dahmen, Rosanne Scholl, Lance Porter, Yvonne Cappe, Robert Mann, Yongick Jeong, Mike Bosworth, Andrea Miller, Erin Coyle, Avimanyu Halder, Phillip Madison, Nam Young Kim, Nicole Henry, Mia Kamal, Tara DeJohn, Chris McCollough, David Shanks, Emily Tiller, Mallory Broussard, Patricia Smith, and Pavel Mrazek for their encouragement and inspiring emails during stressful moments of this dissertation research. At the end, I would like to recognize the great support I received from my parents M. R. Biswas and Tahmina Khanam, brother Wahidul Biswas, and sister Ruhina Tasmin Biswas during the course of my doctoral program of study. Without their moral and financial support, my life as an international graduate student could be difficult. I am incredibly grateful to Donna Britt and Mark Ballard (my host and family in Baton Rouge), who consistently motivated me with encouraging words and recognized my specialty in new media journalism. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ ii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................1 Why Ethnic Media Matter ......................................................................................................2 Media and Policy ....................................................................................................................4 Health Care Reform .............................................................................................................6 Use of Terms ........................................................................................................................15 Organization of Chapters .....................................................................................................15 CHAPTER II: ETHNIC AND MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA .................................................17 Functions of Ethnic Media ...................................................................................................18 Difference in Journalistic Practices between Mainstream and Ethnic News Media ............21 U.S. Ethnic Media Today .....................................................................................................26 CHAPTER III: MEDIA COVERAGE ANALYSIS AND ITS THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ..........................................................................................34 Agenda-Setting .....................................................................................................................34 Media Framing .....................................................................................................................41 CHAPTER IV: THE STUDY AND ITS METHODOLOGY .......................................................51 Sample ..................................................................................................................................51 Data ......................................................................................................................................58 Content Analysis ..................................................................................................................60 Coding and Analysis ............................................................................................................62 Research Questions ..............................................................................................................71 CHAPTER V: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS................................................................................75 News Coverage Trends ........................................................................................................75 Analysis of Findings .............................................................................................................91 CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION .................................................................................................104 Future Research ..................................................................................................................110 How to Improve Policy Coverage ......................................................................................111 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................117 APPENDIX A: INTERCODER RELIABILITY INSTRUCTION .............................................135 iv APPENDIX B: CODING PROTOCOL FOR MEDIA FRAMES ..............................................136 APPENDIX C: SAMPLE CODING SHEET FOR FRAMING ANALYSIS .............................138 APPENDIX D: LIST OF ATTRIBUTE AGENDAS ..................................................................139 APPENDIX E: NEWS FRAME EMPHASES ............................................................................140 APPENDIX F: EDITORIAL FRAME EMPHASES ..................................................................141 APPENDIX G: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS IN ANOVA ......................................................142 APPENDIX H: ANOVA .............................................................................................................143
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