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Drought Tolerant Plants
Drought Tolerant Plants Trees The following trees offer tolerance to compacted, infertile soils, and other environmental stresses such as heat and drought once established. Acer saccarum Sugar Maple Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum Cercis canadensis Redbud Platanus Sycamore Crataegus Hawthorn Pyrus calleryana Pear Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash Quercus palustris Pin Oak Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo Tilia Linden Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis Thornless Zelkova Japanese Zelkova Honeylocust Shrubs, Vines & Evergreens The following plants tolerate dry soil once established. Abies concolor Concolor Fir Forsythia Forsythia Aronia Chokeberry Ilex x meservae Blue Holly Aucuba japonica Japanese Aucuba Ilex opaca American Holly Berberis Barberry Juniperus Juniper Buddleia davidii Butterfly Bush Lagerstroemia Crape Myrtle Callicarpa Beautyberry Liriope Liriope Campsis radicans Trumpet Vine Lonicera Honeysuckle Carpinus Hornbeam Myrica Bayberry Cedrus deodara Deodara Cedar Parthenocissus Virginia Creeper Corylus Walking Stick Picea spp. Spruce species Cotinus coggygria Smokebush Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine Cotoneaster Cotoneaster Pyracantha Firethorn Cryptomeria japonica Japanese Cedar Rosa rugosa Rugosa Rose Cupressocyparis leylandii Leyland Cypress Spirea spp. Spirea species Cupressus arizonica Blue Ice Cypress Syringa Lilac Cytissus Scotch Broom Viburnum spp. Viburnum species Deutzia Deutzia Vitex Chaste Tree Euonymus alatus Burning Bush Wisteria Wisteria Vine Euonymus fortunei Wintercreeper Yucca Yucca www.skh.com Perennials & Grasses The following -
1151CIRC.Pdf
CIRCULAR 153 MAY 1967 OBSERVATIONS on SPECIES of CYPRESS INDIGENOUS to the UNITED STATES Agricultural Experiment Station AUBURN UNIVERSIT Y E. V. Smith, Director Auburn, Alabama CONTENTS Page SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF CUPRESSUS STUDIED 4 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION-- 4 CONE COLLECTION 5 Cupressus arizonica var. arizonica (Arizona Cypress) 7 Cupressus arizonica var. glabra (Smooth Arizona Cypress) 11 Cupressus guadalupensis (Tecate Cypress) 11 Cupressus arizonicavar. stephensonii (Cuyamaca Cypress) 11 Cupressus sargentii (Sargent Cypress) 12 Cupressus macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress) 12 Cupressus goveniana (Gowen Cypress) 12 Cupressus goveniana (Santa Cruz Cypress) 12 Cupressus goveniana var. pygmaca (Mendocino Cypress) 12 Cupressus bakeri (Siskiyou Cypress) 13 Cupressus bakeri (Modoc Cypress) 13 Cupressus macnabiana (McNab Cypress) 13 Cupressus arizonica var. nevadensis (Piute Cypress) 13 GENERAL COMMENTS ON GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION ---------- 13 COMMENTS ON STUDYING CYPRESSES 19 FIRST PRINTING 3M, MAY 1967 OBSERVATIONS on SPECIES of CYPRESS INDIGENOUS to the UNITED STATES CLAYTON E. POSEY* and JAMES F. GOGGANS Department of Forestry THERE HAS BEEN considerable interest in growing Cupressus (cypress) in the Southeast for several years. The Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, was the first institution in the Southeast to initiate work on the cy- presses in 1937, and since that time many states have introduced Cupressus in hope of finding a species suitable for Christmas tree production. In most cases seed for trial plantings were obtained from commercial dealers without reference to seed source or form of parent tree. Many plantings yielded a high proportion of columnar-shaped trees not suitable for the Christmas tree market. It is probable that seed used in Alabama and other Southeastern States came from only a few trees of a given geo- graphic source. -
The Successional Status of Cupressus Arizonica
Great Basin Naturalist Volume 40 Number 3 Article 6 9-30-1980 The successional status of Cupressus arizonica Albert J. Parker University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Parker, Albert J. (1980) "The successional status of Cupressus arizonica," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 40 : No. 3 , Article 6. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol40/iss3/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. THE SUCCESSIONAL STATUS OF CUPRESSUS ARIZOMCA Albert J. Parker .\bstbact.— Several investigations isize-class analysis, age-determination inquiries, and germination tests"* suggest that Cupressus arizonica of southeastern .\rizona is a pioneer species. The tree requires disturbance to remove or species. of light reduce soil litter, which other\%-ise inhibits the reproduction of the Reduction intensity caused by canopy closure appears to be less important than litter accumulation in restricting C. arizonica reproduction. Fol- lowing disturbance, successful establishment of seedlings may occur over an e.xtended period ,50 to 100 years I as Utter graduallv accumulates. The absence of C. arizonica seedlings in present populations suggest that fire suppres- sion policies on federal lands where C. arizonica occurs have altered fire frequency, and consequently have fostered a short-term reduction in C. arizonica establishment. Only in floodplain en\ironments. where flooding disturbs the soil surface, has much reproduction occurred in recent years. -
Diabetes and Medicinal Plants: a Literature Review
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIDIABETIC COMPOUNDS FROM BRACHYLAENA DISCOLOR DC Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science By Sabeen Abdalbagi Elameen Adam School of Chemistry and Physics University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg Supervisor: Professor Fanie R. van Heerden August 2017 ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus, which is a metabolic disease resulting from insulin deficiency or diminished effectiveness of the action of insulin or their combination, is recognized as a major threat to human life. Using drugs on a long term to control glucose can increase the hazards of cardiovascular disease and some cancers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new, safe, and effective antidiabetic drugs. Traditionally, there are several plants that are used to treat/control diabetes by South African traditional healers such as Brachylaena discolor. This study aimed to isolate and identify antidiabetic compounds from B. discolor. The plant materials of B. discolor was collected from University of KwaZulu-Natal botanical garden. Plant materials were dried under the fume hood for two weeks and ground to a fine powder. The powder was extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol (1:1). To investigate the antidiabetic activity, the prepared extract was tested in vitro for glucose utilization in a muscle cell line. The results revealed that blood glucose levels greater than 20 mmol/L, which measured after 24 and 48 hours of the experimental period, three fractions had positive (*p<0.05) antidiabetic activity compared to the control. The DCM:MeOH (1:1) extract of B. discolor leaves was subjected to column chromatography, yielding five fractions (A, B, C, D, and E). -
Annotated Check List and Host Index Arizona Wood
Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood-Rotting Fungi Item Type text; Book Authors Gilbertson, R. L.; Martin, K. J.; Lindsey, J. P. Publisher College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Rights Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona. Download date 28/09/2021 02:18:59 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/602154 Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood - Rotting Fungi Technical Bulletin 209 Agricultural Experiment Station The University of Arizona Tucson AÏfJ\fOTA TED CHECK LI5T aid HOST INDEX ford ARIZONA WOOD- ROTTlNg FUNGI /. L. GILßERTSON K.T IyIARTiN Z J. P, LINDSEY3 PRDFE550I of PLANT PATHOLOgY 2GRADUATE ASSISTANT in I?ESEARCI-4 36FZADAATE A5 S /STANT'" TEACHING Z z l'9 FR5 1974- INTRODUCTION flora similar to that of the Gulf Coast and the southeastern United States is found. Here the major tree species include hardwoods such as Arizona is characterized by a wide variety of Arizona sycamore, Arizona black walnut, oaks, ecological zones from Sonoran Desert to alpine velvet ash, Fremont cottonwood, willows, and tundra. This environmental diversity has resulted mesquite. Some conifers, including Chihuahua pine, in a rich flora of woody plants in the state. De- Apache pine, pinyons, junipers, and Arizona cypress tailed accounts of the vegetation of Arizona have also occur in association with these hardwoods. appeared in a number of publications, including Arizona fungi typical of the southeastern flora those of Benson and Darrow (1954), Nichol (1952), include Fomitopsis ulmaria, Donkia pulcherrima, Kearney and Peebles (1969), Shreve and Wiggins Tyromyces palustris, Lopharia crassa, Inonotus (1964), Lowe (1972), and Hastings et al. -
Brachylaena Elliptica and B. Ilicifolia (Asteraceae): a Comparative Analysis of Their Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10, 223-229 223 Brachylaena elliptica and B. ilicifolia (Asteraceae): A Comparative Analysis of their Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities Alfred Maroyi* Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa Abstract: Brachylaena elliptica and B. ilicifolia are shrubs or small trees widely used as traditional medicines in southern Africa. There is need to evaluate the existence of any correlation between the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of the two species. Therefore, in this review, analyses of the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia are presented. Results of the current study are based on data derived from several online databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, and pre-electronic sources such as scientific publications, books, dissertations, book chapters and journal articles. The articles published between 1941 and 2020 were used in this study. The leaves and roots of B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia are mainly used as a mouthwash and ethnoveterinary medicines, and traditional medicines for backache, hysteria, ulcers of the mouth, diabetes, gastro-intestinal and respiratory problems. This study showed that sesquiterpene lactones, alkaloids, essential oils, flavonoids, flavonols, phenols, proanthocyanidins, saponins and tannins have been identified from aerial parts and leaves of B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia. The leaf extracts and compounds isolated from the species exhibited antibacterial, antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities. There is a need for extensive phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies of crude extracts and compounds isolated from B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia. -
Jaiswal Amit Et Al. IRJP 2011, 2 (11), 58-61
Jaiswal Amit et al. IRJP 2011, 2 (11), 58-61 INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ISSN 2230 – 8407 Available online www.irjponline.com Review Article REVIEW / PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF PLATYCLADUS ORIEANTALIS Jaiswal Amit1*, Kumar Abhinav1, Mishra Deepali2, Kasula Mastanaiah3 1Department Of Pharmacology, RKDF College Of Pharmacy,Bhopal, (M.P.)India 2Department Of Pharmacy, Sir Madanlal Institute Of Pharmacy,Etawah (U.P.)India 3 Department Of Pharmacology, The Erode College Of Pharmacy, Erode, Tamilnadu, India Article Received on: 11/09/11 Revised on: 23/10/11 Approved for publication: 10/11/11 *Email: [email protected] , [email protected] ABSTRACT Platycladus orientalis, also known as Chinese Arborvitae or Biota. It is native to northwestern China and widely naturalized elsewhere in Asia east to Korea and Japan, south to northern India, and west to northern Iran. It is a small, slow growing tree, to 15-20 m tall and 0.5 m trunk diameter (exceptionally to 30 m tall and 2 m diameter in very old trees). The different parts of the plant are traditionally used as a diuretic, anticancer, anticonvulsant, stomachic, antipyretic, analgesic and anthelmintic. However, not many pharmacological reports are available on this important plant product. This review gives a detailed account of the chemical constituents and also reports on the pharmacological activity activities of the oil and extracts of Platycladus orientalis. Keywords: Dry distillation, Phytochemisty, Pharmacological activity, Platycladus orientalis. INTRODUCTION cultivated in Europe since the first half of the 18th century. In cooler Botanical Name : Platycladus orientalis. areas of tropical Africa it has been planted primarily as an Family: Cupressaceae. -
Fire Management Newsletter: Eucalyptus: a Complex Challenge
Golden Gate National Recreation Area National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Point Reyes National Seashore EucalyptusEucalyptus A Complex Challenge AUSTRALIA FIRE MANAGEMENT, RESOURCE PROTECTION, AND THE LEGACY OF TASMANIAN BLUE GUM DURING THE AGE OF EXPLORATION, CURIOUS SPECIES dead, dry, oily leaves and debris—that is especially flammable. from around the world captured the imagination, desire and Carried by long swaying branches, fire spreads quickly in enterprising spirit of many different people. With fragrant oil and eucalyptus groves. When there is sufficient dead material in the massive grandeur, eucalyptus trees were imported in great canopy, fire moves easily through the tree tops. numbers from Australia to the Americas, and California became home to many of them. Adaptations to fire include heat-resistant seed capsules which protect the seed for a critical short period when fire reaches the CALIFORNIA Eucalyptus globulus, or Tasmanian blue gum, was first introduced crowns. One study showed that seeds were protected from lethal to the San Francisco Bay Area in 1853 as an ornamental tree. heat penetration for about 4 minutes when capsules were Soon after, it was widely planted for timber production when exposed to 826o F. Following all types of fire, an accelerated seed domestic lumber sources were being depleted. Eucalyptus shed occurs, even when the crowns are only subjected to intense offered hope to the “Hardwood Famine”, which the Bay Area heat without igniting. By reseeding when the litter is burned off, was keenly aware of, after rebuilding from the 1906 earthquake. blue gum eucalyptus like many other species takes advantage of the freshly uncovered soil that is available after a fire. -
Comparative Wood Anatomy of Afromontane and Bushveld Species from Swaziland, Southern Africa
IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (4), 1990: 319-336 COMPARATIVE WOOD ANATOMY OF AFROMONTANE AND BUSHVELD SPECIES FROM SWAZILAND, SOUTHERN AFRICA by J. A. B. Prior 1 and P. E. Gasson 2 1 Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London SW7 2BB, U.K. and 2Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, U.K. Summary The habit, specific gravity and wood anat of the archaeological research, uses all the omy of 43 Afromontane and 50 Bushveld well preserved, qualitative anatomical charac species from Swaziland are compared, using ters apparent in the charred modem samples qualitative features from SEM photographs in an anatomical comparison between the of charred samples. Woods with solitary ves two selected assemblages of trees and shrubs sels, scalariform perforation plates and fibres growing in areas of contrasting floristic com with distinctly bordered pits are more com position. Some of the woods are described in mon in the Afromontane species, whereas Kromhout (1975), others are of little com homocellular rays and prismatic crystals of mercial importance and have not previously calcium oxalate are more common in woods been investigated. Few ecological trends in from the Bushveld. wood anatomical features have previously Key words: Swaziland, Afromontane, Bush been published for southern Africa. veld, archaeological charcoal, SEM, eco The site of Sibebe Hill in northwest Swazi logical anatomy. land (26° 15' S, 31° 10' E) (Price Williams 1981), lies at an altitude of 1400 m, amidst a Introduction dramatic series of granite domes in the Afro Swaziland, one of the smallest African montane forest belt (White 1978). -
Catalogue of Conifers
Archived Document Corporate Services, University of Exeter Welcome to the Index of Coniferaes Foreword The University is fortunate in possessing a valuable collection of trees on its main estate. The trees are planted in the grounds of Streatham Hall which was presented in 1922 to the then University college of the South West by the late Alderman W. H. Reed of Exeter. The Arboretum was begun by the original owner of Streatham Hall, R. Thornton West, who employed the firm of Veitches of Exeter and London to plant a very remarkable collection of trees. The collection is being added to as suitable material becomes available and the development of the Estate is being so planned as not to destroy the existing trees. The present document deals with the Conifer species in the collection and gives brief notes which may be of interest to visitors. It makes no pretence of being more than a catalogue. The University welcomes interested visitors and a plan of the relevant portion of the Estate is given to indicate the location of the specimens. From an original printed by James Townsend and Sons Ltd, Price 1/- Date unknown Page 1 of 34 www.exeter.ac.uk/corporateservices Archived Document Corporate Services, University of Exeter Table of Contents The letters P, S, etc., refer to the section of the Estate in which the trees are growing. (Bot. indicates that the specimens are in the garden of the Department of Botany.) Here's a plan of the estate. The Coniferaes are divided into five families - each of which is represented by one or more genera in the collection. -
Morphology and Morphogenesis of the Seed Cones of the Cupressaceae - Part II Cupressoideae
1 2 Bull. CCP 4 (2): 51-78. (10.2015) A. Jagel & V.M. Dörken Morphology and morphogenesis of the seed cones of the Cupressaceae - part II Cupressoideae Summary The cone morphology of the Cupressoideae genera Calocedrus, Thuja, Thujopsis, Chamaecyparis, Fokienia, Platycladus, Microbiota, Tetraclinis, Cupressus and Juniperus are presented in young stages, at pollination time as well as at maturity. Typical cone diagrams were drawn for each genus. In contrast to the taxodiaceous Cupressaceae, in Cupressoideae outgrowths of the seed-scale do not exist; the seed scale is completely reduced to the ovules, inserted in the axil of the cone scale. The cone scale represents the bract scale and is not a bract- /seed scale complex as is often postulated. Especially within the strongly derived groups of the Cupressoideae an increased number of ovules and the appearance of more than one row of ovules occurs. The ovules in a row develop centripetally. Each row represents one of ascending accessory shoots. Within a cone the ovules develop from proximal to distal. Within the Cupressoideae a distinct tendency can be observed shifting the fertile zone in distal parts of the cone by reducing sterile elements. In some of the most derived taxa the ovules are no longer (only) inserted axillary, but (additionally) terminal at the end of the cone axis or they alternate to the terminal cone scales (Microbiota, Tetraclinis, Juniperus). Such non-axillary ovules could be regarded as derived from axillary ones (Microbiota) or they develop directly from the apical meristem and represent elements of a terminal short-shoot (Tetraclinis, Juniperus). -
Vegetation and Habitat Types of the Umkhanyakude Node
South African Journal of Botany 72 (2006) 1 – 10 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb Vegetation and habitat types of the Umkhanyakude Node T.L. Morgenthal a,*, K. Kellner a, L. van Rensburg a, T.S. Newby b, J.P.A. van der Merwe b a School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South African b Agricultural Research Council - Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Private Bag X79, Pretoria 0001, South Africa Received 12 October 2004; accepted 11 March 2005 Abstract The aim of the study was to identify and classify the woodlands, bushland and grasslands of the Umkhanyakude Integrated Sustainable Rural Development Node (also known as Maputaland) into homogenous management units to assist with the natural resource audit and monitoring program initiated by the Department of Agriculture. The Node is situated in KwaZulu-Natal Province at the extreme northern border between South Africa and Mozambique. Two hundred and twenty-five surveys were conducted during March–July 2002 within 400 random plots created within ARCVIEW 3.2. Ecological data were analysed using multivariate ordination and classification techniques. Four broad plant communities within two geographically separated vegetation types were described. The Coastal Sandveld occurs on the coastal plain on recent arenaceous sediments. The Clay Thornveld occurs in the interior and is associated with a variety of terrain types and geological formations but predominantly rhyolite, basalt, shale and mudstones. Communities within the major vegetation types were differentiated based on climate (temperature and precipitation differences associated with differences in elevation and topography) and anthropogenic disturbances such as old fields, settlements and deforested plantations.