SOURCES and BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources Statutes Orders In

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SOURCES and BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources Statutes Orders In SOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources Statutes Behring Sea Award Act, 1894. The Consular Marriage Act, 1868. Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1843. Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1890. The Foreign Marriage Act, 1891. Fugitive Offenders Act, 1881. The Merchant Shipping Act, 1894. Seal Fishery (Behring’s Sea) Act, 1891. Seal Fishery (North Pacific) Act, 1893. Orders in Council Japan Order in Council, 1859. Japan Order in Council, 1860. Japan Order in Council, 1861. Japan Order in Council, 1863. Japan Order in Council, 1864. China and Japan Order in Council, 1865. China and Japan Order in Council, 1869. China and Japan Maritime Order, 1874. Orders in Council regulating Consular Fees of 19 June 1868 and 21 July 1876. China and Japan Order in Council, 1877. China and Japan Order in Council, 1878. China and Japan Order in Council, 1881. The China, Japan and Corea Order in Council, 1884. The China, Japan and Corea Order in Council, 1884 (Supplemental). The China, Japan and Corea Order in Council, 1886. The China, Japan and Corea Order in Council, 1886 (no.2). The Consular Fees (China, Japan and Corea) Order, 1892. The China and Japan Order in Council, 1898. The China, Japan and Corea (Supreme Court) Order in Council, 1899. Suspension of Jurisdiction in Japan Order in Council, 1899. China and Corea (Supreme Court) Order in Council 1900. The China and Corea Order in Council, 1904. Official Records All the Official Records in the British National Archives which are cited in the main body of this book. Collections of Primary Sources Digest of British Orders in Council relating to China and Japan (London: Biblio Life LLC, 2012). <UN> <UN> 416 sources and bibliography Pedlar, Neil, An Indexed List of British Marriages Solemnized During Extraterritoriality in Japan 1860–1899 (Newquay: Four Turnings Publications, 1993). Ruxton, Ian ed., The Correspondence of Sir Ernest Mason Satow, British Minister in Japan, 1895–1900 Vol. One (Ian Ruxton: 2005). Ruxton, Ian ed., The Semi-Official Letters of British Envoy Sir Ernest Satow from Japan and China (1895–1906) (North Carolina: Lulu Press Inc., 2007). Steeds, David and Nish, Ian, China, Japan and 19th Century Britain (Dublin: Irish University Press, 1977). Law Reports Barber v. Lamb (1860) 8 C.B. (N.S.) 95. Brinkley v. Attorney General (1890) LR XV P&D 76. Ex Parte Edith Mary Hallowell Carew [1897] AC 719. China Merchants Steam Navigation Company v. W.L. Bignold (aka Hochung v. Lapwing) (1883) LR 7 App 512. The Steamer Fusing v. The Steamer Ocean; 29 May 1875; NCHLR. The Glamorganshire [1888] AC 454 and 6 Asp. Mar. Law Cas. 344. Grant v. Easton (1883) LR 13 QBD 302. The Griefswald (1859) 166 Eng Rep 1200 (Swabey 430). Hannay v. Smurthwaite [1893] 2 QB 412. Hart v. Gampuch (1872) 4 L.R.P.C. 439. The Imperial Japanese Government v. Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company [1895] AC 644. Ince v. Thorburn (1886) LR 11 App 180. R. v. Keyn (The Franconia) (1876) 2 Exch 63. Oxford v. Provand (1888) LR 2 PC 135. Papayanni v. The Russian Steam Navigation Company 2 Moo. P.C. (N.S.) 1863 (15 Eng Rep 862) (The Laconia). Smurthwaite v. Hannay [1894] AC 494. Swire v. Francis (1877) LR 3 App 106. Tapp v. Jones (1874) LR 9 CP 413. Tamvaco v. Simpson (1866) 34 LJCP 268, affirmed LR1 CP 363. In re Tootal’s Trusts (1883) LR 23 ChD 532. Tsune Kijima & Others v. Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company [1895] AC 661. All the Law Reports relating to Japan in North China Herald and Supreme Court and Consular Gazette, 1860–1899. All the Law Reports in the Japan Weekly Mail, 1862–1900. Secondary Sources Newspapers Canton Friends of China: 1861 The Eastern World: February–December 1900. The Friends of China and Hong Kong Gazette: 1858; October–December 1860. Hiogo and Osaka Herald: January 1878–March 1870. The Hiogo News: April 1868; April–December 1870; January–December 1876; July 1877– December 1888. The Hiogo Shipping List and General Advertiser: January 1870; January 1875–June 1876, July 1877–December 1879. <UN> <UN>.
Recommended publications
  • Sir Ernest Satow in Japan, 1862-69: Comparing His Diary ('Journal') and His Memoir Titled a Diplomat in Japan
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kyutacar : Kyushu Institute of Technology Academic Repository Sir Ernest Satow in Japan, 1862-69: Comparing his diary ('journal') and his memoir titled A Diplomat in Japan 著者 Ruxton Ian journal or IAJS Journal publication title volume 1 page range 23-32 year 2015 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10228/00006803 Sir Ernest Satow in Japan, 1862-69: Comparing his diary ('journal') and his memoir titled A Diplomat in Japan Ian Ruxton Sir Ernest Satow, P.C., G.C.M.G., LL.D., D.C.L. (1843-1929) was a man of many parts: diplomat, A Diplomat in Japan Japanologist, scholar of diplomacy and international A Diplomat in Japan is justly famous and law, linguist, qualified lawyer, traveller, guidebook unrivalled as the most perceptive and informative author, mountaineer, amateur botanist, book record written by a foreign observer of the end of collector, avid reader, letter writer and diarist - to the Tokugawa shogunate (Bakumatsu). Like the name just the main ones. His two best-known books Guide to Diplomatic Practice its widely recognized are in quite different fields.A Diplomat in Japan is importance means it has appeared in several his personal account as a witness of the ending of editions, though apparently the only one faithful to the Tokugawa shogunate in the 1860s, while his the original pagination is the hardcover Oxford Guide to Diplomatic Practice (first published by Historical Reprint2 of the late 1960s, introduced by Longmans, Green & Co. in 1917) examines the Professor Gordon Daniels.
    [Show full text]
  • The Last Samurai: the Life and Battles of Saigo Takamori
    THE LAST SAMURAI The Life and Battles of Saigo- Takamori MARK RAVINA John Wiley & Sons, Inc. THE LAST SAMURAI THE LAST SAMURAI The Life and Battles of Saigo- Takamori MARK RAVINA John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2004 by Mark Ravina.All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada Design and production by Navta Associates, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as per- mitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, e-mail: [email protected]. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty:While the publisher and the author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accu- racy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials.The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suit- able for your situation.You should consult with a professional where appropriate.
    [Show full text]
  • This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from the King’S Research Portal At
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by King's Research Portal This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ The Collapse of Tokugawa Japan and the role of Sir Ernest Satow in the Meiji Restoration, 1853-1869 Sakakibara, Tsuyoshi Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to: Share: to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 06. Nov. 2017 The Collapse of Tokugawa Japan and the role of Sir Ernest Satow in the Meiji Restoration, 1853-1869 Tsuyoshi Sakakibara Department of History King’s College London Submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy October, 2015 1 Declaration I confirm that the research contained in this thesis is in my own research and is submitted as such for the degree of Master of Philosophy.
    [Show full text]
  • Portland Daily Press: October 1, 1900
    ESS PORTLAND DAILY PRESS. EES ESTABLISHED JUNE 23, 1862—VOL. 39. PORTLAND, MAINE, MONDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 1, 1900. {} PRICE THREE CENTS. BXlSCKLlLAimOUS. were begun General Immediately. LORD ROBERTS AT HEAD. They also demand a guarantee that II Chaffee Is here ilireotlng the movement, T JE3 the Increase in wages shall be perm ment. Which will commence at the earliest RUSSIA GOES. General Gobln today ordered the 12th moment. It Is understood that Mode CommuiuUr-lu-Clilcf of the Brit- possible regiment home and the soldiers will ish Aim CHAPMAN NATIONAL BANK the plan contemplates leaving a regiment y. leave here tomorrow morning, There of a and a I infantry, squadron ot, cavalry was a of all the of Maine, parade trojps today, Portland, battery of artillery In Pekin to protect London. September 20.—It is officially reviewed by Generalj Gobln. The town Amerloan Interests and that the remain- announced that Lord Roberts has been was full of visitors. der of the troops will proceed to Manila. It Is stated that commander in chief of the since the English CAPITAL. $100,000.00 The allied commanders had decided appointed British speaking branoh of the Uuited Mine to despatch a combined land and naval army. Ordered to Evacu- Workers was here last Troops is Roberts organized week, and Undivided to Shan Hal Kwan on the Today Lord birthday. Surplus Profits, $33,000.00 expedition 150 additional members have been en- gulf of Liao Tung, leaving Taku, October Although the fact that tho appoint- tlie accounts of rolled. Solicits Bunks.Mer- ate Min.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Thesis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ The Collapse of Tokugawa Japan and the role of Sir Ernest Satow in the Meiji Restoration, 1853-1869 Sakakibara, Tsuyoshi Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 27. Sep. 2021 The Collapse of Tokugawa Japan and the role of Sir Ernest Satow in the Meiji Restoration, 1853-1869 Tsuyoshi Sakakibara Department of History King’s College London Submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy October, 2015 1 Declaration I confirm that the research contained in this thesis is in my own research and is submitted as such for the degree of Master of Philosophy.
    [Show full text]
  • Sir Ernest Satow in Japan, Britain and Europe, 1870-1883, As Seen Through His Diaries: a Chance to Deepen His Knowledge of Japanese Culture and Other Matters
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kyutacar : Kyushu Institute of Technology Academic Repository Sir Ernest Satow in Japan, Britain and Europe, 1870-1883, as seen through his diaries: A chance to deepen his knowledge of Japanese culture and other matters 著者 Ruxton Ian journal or IAJS Journal publication title volume 2 page range 35-44 year 2016 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10228/00006804 Sir Ernest Satow in Japan, Britain and Europe, 1870-1883, as seen through his diaries: A chance to deepen his knowledge of Japanese culture and other matters Ian Ruxton Sir Hugh Cortazzi, the notable Japanologist and the company of familyand friends.In addition there former British ambassador to Japan (1980-84), in is a significant European dimension, including the his Forewordto Ian Ruxton (ed.) The Diariesof Sir time Satow spent studying Roman law at Marburg Ernest Mason Satow, 1870-1883 (Kyoto: Eureka University in the summer of 1876, visits to Paris, Press, 2015) states that "in the distinguished career and the very detailed descriptions of German and of Sir Ernest Satow (1843-1929) the years 1870- Italian palaces, art museums and works of art. 1883 were an interlude during which he sometimes These trips, minutely and conscientiously recorded, must have feltthat he was marking time and making gave him many points of reference with which to no progress in life." The 1860s had been a very compare what he saw in Japan. exciting time, described in his diaries and memoir A Thus while Satow may have been less busy with Diplomat in Japan (London: Seeley Service, 1921), 1 work in this period, and the officehours in the Edo/ and in 1884 Satow was promoted to Agent and Tokyolegation were for the most part leisurely, his Consul-General in Bangkok, and then Minister to time was certainly not wasted.
    [Show full text]
  • Publications from the Satow Papers in Chronological Order
    APPENDIX II Publications from the Satow Papers in Chronological Order IAN RUXTON Ian Ruxton, The Diaries and Letters of Sir Ernest Mason Satow (1843– 1929): A Scholar-Diplomat in East Asia, Edwin Mellen Press, 1998 (This is a general introduction to Satow’s whole life and letters. It was translated by S. Nagaoka and H. Sekiguchi as A-nestu Sato- no Sho-gai, published by Yushodo in 2003.) Ian Ruxton (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Ernest Satow, British Minister in Tokyo (1895–1900): A Diplomat Returns to Japan, Tokyo: Edition Synapse, 2003, with an introduction by Dr Nigel Brailey, republished through lulu.com in 2010. (This is a full annotated transcription of Satow’s diaries including his separate diary for time spent at Lake Chuzenji.) Ian Ruxton (ed.), The Correspondence of Sir Ernest Satow, British Minister in Japan, 1895–1900, Volume One, lulu.com, 2005. (Chiefly official letters addressed and sent to Satow from the Foreign Office, the Tokyo legation and consular staff at Hakodate,Kobe and Nagasaki,with some replies.Satow Papers reference PRO 30/33 5/1 through 5/10.) Ian Ruxton (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Ernest Satow, British Envoy in Peking (1900–06), lulu.com, 2006 (Two volumes.Volume 1 – 1900–03;Volume 2 – 1904–06) with an introduction by Dr James E. Hoare. (Satow was at Peking during the Russo-Japanese War and visited Japan on his way home to retire from the Foreign Office in 1906.) Ian Ruxton (ed.), The Semi-Official Letters of British Envoy Sir Ernest Satow from Japan and China (1895–1906), lulu.com, 2007, with an introduction by Dr James E.
    [Show full text]
  • Sir Ernest Satow's Private Letters to WG Aston and FV Dickins
    Sir Ernest Satow’s Private Letters to W. G. Aston and F. V. Dickins : The Correspondence of a Pioneer Japanologist from 1870 to 1918 著者 Satow Sir Ernest, Ruxton Ian, Kornicki Peter URL http://hdl.handle.net/10228/00006849 Sir Ernest Satow’s Private Letters to W. G. Aston and F. V. Dickins The Correspondence of a Pioneer Japanologist from 1870 to 1918 Transcribed from the Satow Papers, annotated and indexed by Ian Ruxton With an Introduction by Peter Kornicki Ernest Satow as a young man of 26 years, photographed in Paris during his first home leave from Japan in December 1869 (reproduced with permission of the Yokohama Archives of History) - ii - “When in Rome…” Satow and Austrian diplomat Baron Hübner visit a Japanese home. The sketches are by Josef Alexander Freiherr von Hübner who was in Japan July-October 1871. Satow and Hübner visited Prince Iwakura Tomomi’s home with the British chargé d’affaires F. O. Adams on September 11, 1871 and they were together on several other occasions. Satow later gave the Rede lecture at Cambridge University in 1908 about Hübner’s career. From Alexander Freiherr von Hübner, Ein Spaziergang um die Welt, mit 317 Abbildungen und dem Portraet des Verfassers, Leipzig 1882, following p. 192. (Courtesy Professor Peter Pantzer) - iii - Satow, Hübner and F.O. Adams (left to right in picture) make merry at the house of the Minister of Foreign Affairs Sawa Nobuyoshi (September 9, 1871). Sketch by Hübner in Ein Spaziergang um die Welt, following p. 216 (Courtesy Professor Peter Pantzer). Satow’s diary for this date describes this scene in detail: “Sept.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anglo-Japanese Productions of Minakata Kumagusu
    LOST IN TRANSLATION: Non-Linear Literary, Cultural, Temporal, Political, and Cosmological Transformations – the Anglo-Japanese Productions of Minakata Kumagusu by Frederick Alan Little A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-Newark Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Division of Global Affairs written under the direction of Associate Professor Eva Giloi and approved by _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ Newark, New Jersey May, 2012 ©2011 Frederick Alan Little ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION LOST IN TRANSLATION: Non-Linear Literary, Cultural, Temporal, Political, and Cosmological Transformations – the Anglo-Japanese Productions of Minakata Kumagusu by Frederick Alan Little Dissertation Director: Associate Professor Eva Giloi Naturalist, translator, littérateur, and political activist, Minakata Kumagusu, in his many endeavors, offers an intriguing series of parallelisms with patterns of non-linear development and network relationships found in the field of study that was his primary focus: botany, more specifically mycology. In contrast to models of cultural and political development imported from the West during the Meiji Restoration and extended during the Showa and Taisho eras, and the strong orientation toward centralized vertical hierarchy that in Japanese culture and governance of that period, Minakata offers an understanding in terms of dispersed non-linear networks. As botanist, folklorist, and environmental activist, Minakata refused engagement with academic and governmental institutions, conducting his life and work in the remote Kii Peninsuala. In doing so, he engaged with a variety of significant horizontal networks: elite aristocratic networks, demotic press networks, ascent pan-Asian political networks, domestic folkloric and literary networks, and international intellectual networks.
    [Show full text]
  • The Early Years of Ernest Mason Satow
    1 The Early Years of Ernest Mason Satow (Received November 13, 1995) Ian RUXTON Abstract This paper is intended as the basis for a first chapter of a biography. of the disting- uished British scholar-diplomat Ernest Mason Satow who served in Japan from 1862 to 1883 and from 1895 to 1900. Family, Childhood and Schooldays "My father was a strict disciplinarian, and we were brought up in habits of obedi- ence. Any serious deviation in conduct was punished by a horse-whipping, adminis- tered by a whip which he called `the black friend'. It stood behind his armchair in the corner of the dining-room. We all experienced the attentions of `the black friend', but not very often." (from A Familor Chronicle of the English Satozvs) Ernest Mason Satow was born in Clapton, a respectable middle class area of ter- raced houses and green parkland in northeast London, on June 30th, 1843. It is curious to note that he was born at almost the exact midpoint of the calender year. In the same year the world's first underwater tunnel was completed under the River Thames, and Nelson's Column was erected in Trafalgar Square. Queen Victoria had ascended the throne in 1837, and the Opium War had just ended in China in 1842. Bri- tain's confidence in its engineering and military achievements was soaring. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels came to reside permanently in Britain in 1849. Japan was visited for the first time by Perry's Black Ships in 1853 when Ernest was ten years old.
    [Show full text]
  • Richardson Affaire: Great Britain and the Tokugawa Bakufu 1862–18631
    Richardson Affaire: Great Britain 1 OPEN and the Tokugawa Bakufu 1862–1863 ACCESS Roman Kodet In his famous novel Clouds above the Hill Japanese historical fiction novelist Shiba Ryōtarō wrote about the policy of the Great Powers at the end of the 19th century: “[…] the world was nothing but a stage for the plotting and wars of the Great Powers, who schemed and dreamed only of invasion. It was the age of imperialism. In that sense, there has perhaps never been such an exciting time. The Great Powers were carnivores whose fangs dripped blood”.2 Although it can be considered as rather sever judgment of a whole era of the international relations, the same could be written about the Great Powers policy in the 19th century as a whole. One of the manifestations of this policy of expansion and en- forcement of interests was the so-called gunboat diplomacy.3 Shiba’s critical assessment of this phenomenon of the 19th century could be a product of Japanese historical mem- ory, because the Land of the Rising Sun itself experienced this kind of imperial policy. The first and foremost of the use of the gunboat diplomacy against Japan was the opening of the country to the outside world itself. For more than 200 years Japan developed under the self-imposed seclusion (with the exception of the Dutch trade at the island of Dejima in Nagasaki). This policy of sakoku helped considerably through the exclusive control of foreign policy and trade by the military regime of the sho- gun to maintain the supremacy of the Tokugawa bakufu established in 1603.4 Thus 1 This study is one of the results of the grant project SGS-2015–014 Velká Británie, Francie a Japonsko ve druhé polovině 19.
    [Show full text]
  • Basil Hall Chamberlain and His Works on the Loochoo and Ainu Culture
    Basil Hall Chamberlain and his works on the Loochoo and Ainu culture By: Wakana, Kohei, Megumi, Hina Readings from this week Reading A Reading B “On the Manners and “Reply to Mr. Batchelor on Customs of the the Words ‘Kamui’ and Loochooans”, ‘Aino’”, Transactions of the Asiatic Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan v21 Society of Japan v16 (1893) pp. 271-89. (1889) pp. 33-8. Basil Hall Chamberlain Basil Hall Chamberlain Who was Basil Hall Chamberlain? ● Hired Foreigner お雇い外国人 ● 18 October 1850 – 15 February 1935 ● Landed in Japan on 29 May 1873 (23 years old) ● 1874 - Professor at the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy teaching English ● Visited Okinawa for one month in March 1893 (43 years old) ● Left Japan in 1911 (61 years old) ● 1886 - Professor at Tokyo Imperial University teaching Japanese studies and Linguistics ● Lived in Japan for a total of 38 years Captain Basil Hall ● Grandfather of Chamberlain ● Captain of British Laval Ship ‘Lyra’ ● Visited Okinawa in 1816 ● Wrote 『琉球航海記』”Ryukyu Voyage” ● Hall discussed Okinawa with Napoleon ○ “I could only reply, that as far as we had been able to discover, they had never had any war, but remained in a state of internal and external peace. “No wars!” cried he, with a scornful and incredulous expression, as if the existence of any people under the sun without wars was a monstrous anomaly.” (Basil Hall) ○ “We never saw any punishment inflicted at Loochoo; a tap with a fan, or an angry look, was the severest chastisement ever resorted to, as far as we could discover.” (Basil Hall) ○ → Ryukyuan pacifism The Geographic Journal (1895) The Luchu Islands and Their Inhabitants “In some important respects the “The most prominent race-characteristic of country really deserved the title the Luchuans is not a physical, but a moral bestowed upon it by a Chinese one.
    [Show full text]