Pons, J.M. & Vicens, E. Field Guide to Pyrenean Rudist Bivalves

Org. Divers. Evol. 6, Electr. Suppl. 16, part 3: 1 - 18 (2006) © Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik http://senckenberg.de/odes/06-16.htm URN: urn:nbn:de:0028-odes0616-5

Pons, J.M. & Vicens, E. Field Guide to Pyrenean Rudist Bivalves.

Electr. Suppl. 16, part 3. − to: Malchus, N. & Pons, J.M. (2006): Abstracts and Posters of the “International Congress on Bivalvia” at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain, 22-27 July 2006. Org. Divers. Evol. 6(4): 327.

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Organising Committee Dr. Cristian Altaba, Universitat de les Illes Balears Dr. Jaume Gallemí, Museu de Geologia (MCNC), Barcelona Dr. Eulalia Gili, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Dr. Gregori López, Museu de Geologia (MCNC), Barcelona Dr. Nikolaus Malchus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, (president) Dr. Ricard Martínez, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Dr. Jose Maria Pons, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, (vice-president) Dr. Carlos Saavedra, Instituto de Acuicultura-Torre La Sal, Castellón (CSIC) Dr. José Templado, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid (CSIC) Dr. Francesc Uribe, Museu de Zoologia (MCNC), Barcelona Dr. Enric Vicens, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Technical Assistence Javier Aguilar, Sergi Albrich, Sandra Córcoles, Mercedes González, Ramón Mercedes, Angéelica Oviedo, Yolanda Pichardo, Mònica Soler, Luis Troya, Vicent Vicedo, Raquel Vilallonga, Sheila Villalba Scientific Committee Dr. Cristian Altaba, Universitat de les Illes Balears Dr. Rudiger Bieler, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA Dr. David Campbell, University of Alabama, USA Dr. Joseph Carter, University of North Carolina, USA Dr. Antonio Checa, Universidad de Granada Dr. Graciela Delvene, Museo Geominero, Madrid Dr. Gonzalo Giribet, Harvard University, USA Dr. Serge Gofas, Universidad de Málaga Dr. Elizabeth Harper, Cambridge University, UK Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar, Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Germany Dr. Katrin Linse, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK Dr. Paula Mikkelsen, American Museum of Natural History, NY, USA Dr. Diarmaid Ó'Foighil, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, USA Dr. Juan Peña, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal, Castellón (CSIC) Dr. Carmen Salas, Universidad de Málaga Dr. Eleftherios Zouros, University of Crete, Greece Sponsors and Collaborators

Logo and cover design: Vicent Vicedo

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OBJECTIVES At Collades de Basturs, to observe rudists and rudist buildups in the neritic marls and in the intercalated intervals each deposited from a carbonate shelf of the Santonian Collades Member. The succession consists of four small-scale sequences within the highstand systems tract of a depositional sequence, topped by a small scale drowning sequence.

At Cellers-Moror area, to observe the last rudists and rudist buildups of the Pyrenean marine Upper Cretaceous intercalated in the continental deposits of the Tremp Formation (Garumnian facies). MOST RECENT REFERENCES Sanders, D. and Pons, J.M. 2001. Stratigraphic architecture of a Santonian mixed siliciclastic- carbonate succession (Catalonian Pyrenees, Spain). Facies 44: 105-136. Vicens, E., Ardèvol, L., López Martínez, N. and Arribas, M.E. 2004. Rudist biostratigraphy in the Campanian-Maastrichtian of the south-central Pyrenees, Spain. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 247: 113-127.

FIELD TRIP SCHEDULE Thursday 27 July 7.00 Field trip starts from Hotel Serhs Campus, Bellaterra 7.00-9.15 Van ride Bellaterra – Isona Bellaterra - (A-18) - Manresa - (C-25) - Calaf - (C-1412 / C-1412a) - Ponts - (C- 1412b) - Isona

9.15-9.45 Coffee pause in Isona To prepare us for the long first stop 9.45-10.00 Ride to STOP 1 Isona – Abella de la Conca – Can Borrell 10.00-13.30 STOP 1. Collades de Basturs Sorry, this is really not a stop. We will wander on rudists up and dawn along four km. Solar protection for skin and eyes, a hat or a cap, and suitable footwear is highly recommended.

13.30-13.45 Ride back to Isona 13.45-14.45 Lunch 14.45-15.30 Ride to Cellers and Moror Isona - (C-1412) - Tremp - (C-13) - Cellers - (LV-9124) - Moror

15:30-17:30 STOP 2. Moror /18:00 Gentle walk/ride visiting several outcrops of the Cellers-Moror area 18:00-20:30 Ride back to Bellaterra Moror - (LV-9124) - Cellers (C-13 / C-147) - Balaguer - (LV-3025) - Agramunt - (L-303) - Cervera - (C-25) - Manresa - (A-18) - Bellaterra

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THE GEOLOGICAL SCENERY OF OUR JOURNEY Our field trip starts in Bellaterra, near Sabadell, and follows NNW the motorway until Manresa. From the continental Miocene deposits of the Vallès Depression we will cross the Vallès fault, the metamorphic Palaeozoic, the folded marine Triassic, the overthrust of the last two on the continental Palaeocene, this last, and the Lower Eocene in the Ebre Basin. From Manresa the road runs NW gently on the Upper Eocene and Oligocene continental deposits of the Ebre Basin and then the road climbs to the Comiols Pass (1.101 m) arriving to the Cretaceous. Unfortunately it is not the best period of the year to have a clear view of the Conca de Tremp with the Axial Area of the Pyrenees on the background. From here, the road goes dawn in the Tremp Basin and reaches Isona crossing from the last marine Cretaceous rocks to the continental Garumnian facies. The mountain road to Abella de la Conca first, and then to Can Borrell, shall drive us on the Cretaceous to the Santonian rudist-paradise of Collades de Basturs. STOP 1 After the lunch, we will cross towards S the Garumnian facies and the Palaeocene of the Tremp Basin syncline until the uppermost marine Cretaceous beds of the Montsec to visit the last Pyrenean rudists near Cellers and Moror. STOP 2 Return shall be southwards, through the Terradets Gorge, crossing the Montsec Range, and then across the Marginal Ranges (Serres Marginals) until Balaguer. Then eastwards to Cervera and Manresa and from there back to Bellaterra. Localities and units appearing in the figures 1 and 2 have been emphasized.

Servei Geològic de Catalunya, Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya. 2002. Mapa Geològic de Catalunya 1:250.000. Berastegui, X., Losantos, M., Muñoz, J. A., Puigdefàbregas, C. 1993. Tall geològic del Pirineu central 1:200.000. Servei Geològic de Catalunya, Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya.

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ECORS

Fig. 1 - Simplified geological map of Catalonia

Fig. 2 - Southern part of the ECORS profile

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Fig. 3 - Aerial view of our field trip area The photo was taken during a flight Barcelona-London. The Montsec Range appears at the upper left corner. The Noguera Pallaresa river crosses the upper part of the photo from the right margin (N) to the left (S). Sant Antoni Lake is distinguishable at right and Cellers Lake and the Terradets Gorge at left. The centre of the photo is occupied by the Tremp Basin syncline. The Sant Corneli-Abella-Boixols anticline appears at the lower right margin and the Isona anticline at the left bottom. The Cellers-Moror area (STOP 2) at the left and the Collades de Basturs area (STOP 1) at the right are emphasized.

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Fig. 4 - Ortho-photomap of the Collades de Basturs area

Fig. 5 - Ortho-photomap of the Cellers-Moror area

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Fig. 6 - STOP 1 Collades de Basturs A - Panoramic view to west. B - Panoramic view to east.

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Fig. 7 - STOP 1 Collades de Basturs

A - Hippuritid biostrome within a carbonate interval. Base is at right. View to west.

B - Detail of the tabulae developed in the inner shell layer of the hippuritids. Base A is at right. View to west.

C - Detail of the hippuritid biostrome topped by the start of a coral-sponge- rudist bioconstruction. Base is at right. View to west.

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B C

Fig. 8 - STOP 1 Collades de Basturs A - Depositional geometry in the upward-shoaling part of a carbonate interval. View to east. B - Bioclastic rudstones to grainstons interval toplapping the bioconstruction. View to east. C - Coral-sponge-rudist bioconstruction. View to east.

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Fig. 9 - STOP 2 Cellers-Moror. Correlated sections along the Cellers-Moror area. We hope you learned enough Catalan to understand the legend, designs may help.

Fig. 10 - Geological map of the Cellers-Moror area.

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A - Biradiolites chaperi horizon

B - Detail of A

D - Detail of C

E - Hippuritella castroi s.s. C - Biradiolites moroi horizon horizon with Praeradiolites boucheroni

G - Detail of F

Fig. 11 - STOP 2 Cellers- F - Hippuritella castroi s.s. horizon Moror with Monopleura moroi

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Fig. 12 - Shell morphology of the hippuritids (Hippurites radiosus) A - Transverse section of the right valve close to the commissure. B - View of the left valve. C - Detail of the left valve. D - Radial section of both valves. E - Tangential section of the left valve. F- Radial section of both valves.

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Fig. 13 - Shell morphology of the radiolitids Shell growth in normal bivalves and in radiolitid rudist bivalves. A, hemiperiferal growth (upper) and holoperiferal growth (lower) in bivalve shells. B, scheme of the radial section of both valves in a radiolitid, vertical and radial components of shell growth have been indicated with arrows in both valves. C, adaptation of Taylor et al. (1969, modified from Beedham 1958) figure of Anodonta cygnea to explain shell layers and shell growth in bivalves and to compare with radiolitids, the outer shell layer part of a growth lamella has been shaded in both valves, most details of the soft parts are irrelevant to our subject but have been retained as in the original figure. D, main sections used to study the outer shell layer structure in radiolitids, three growth lamellae have been represented on some of the sections, flat and horizontal on the radial section at left, concentrically folded (dipping of the lamellae changes from the inner to the outer margin) on the radial section at right, and radially folded on the tangential section, a transverse section should cut the growth lamellae with different angle at different parts of the section in the last two cases. E, acute and flat costae and sinuses at the outer surface of both valves and zigzag commissure, produced by up- and down- radial folds of the growth lamellae, in Biradiolites lameracensis. F, concentric folds of the growth lamellae and void space between growth rings (filled with dark sediment) on the radial section of both valves in Praeradiolites subtoucasi. Scale bars in E and F represent 10 mm.

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Fig. 14 - Shell morphology of the radiolitids Radial structures (bands, sinuses or folds) in radiolitids. A-H, transverse sections of right valves. A, Biradiolites chaperi. B, Radiolites aurigerensis. C, Bournonia excavata. D, Sauvagesia sharpei. E, Biradiolites lameracensis. F, Durania arnaudi. G, Praeradiolites subtoucasi. H, Darendeella anatolica. Arrows indicate, at the inner shell margin, the position of the radial structures. Scale bars represent 10 mm (do note F has its own bar).

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fig. 15 - Shell morphology of the radiolitids Non compact structure with continuous radial ridges on the growth lamellae. Biradiolites moroi. A, transverse section of the right valve, cutting oblique the growth lamellae. B, section nearly parallel to the gently folded growth lamellae. C, section nearly parallel to the folded growth lamellae. D, tangential section. E-F, radial sections. Scale bar represents 10 mm.

fig. 16 - Shell morphology of the RADIAL SECTION radiolitids Simplified model of the non compact structure with continuous radial ridges TANGENTIAL SECTION Center right.

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fig. 17 - Shell morphology of the radiolitids Non compact normal cellular structure on the growth lamellae. Radiolites angeiodes. Radial structures are a widening of the inner-marginal groove in correspondence with upwards radial folding of the growth lamellae (sinus). A-B, radial sections of both valves; the ventral radial structure is cut in B. C, transverse section of right valve. Scale bar represents 10 mm.

RADIAL SECTION

TANGENTIAL SECTION fig. 18 - Shell morphology of fig. 19 - Shell morphology of the the radiolitids radiolitids Simplified model of the Growth micro-rhythms in the non compact normal growth lamellae. Radial section cellular structure. of right valve, Rosellia sp. Scale bar represents 0.5 mm.

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