1. the Killers
1. THE KILLERS
Q: 1 what is the theme of the story "The Killers"? Ans: The story "The Killers" points out a very funny and ridiculous aspect of Western society. It shows that crimes are committed often without any genuine reason. Al and Max wanted to kill Ole Anderson only to oblige a friend. They had not even seen their possible victim. They knew very little about him except that he was a usual visitor at Henry’s lunch-room. (1). the theme of the story "The Killers" is very serious and thought provoking about crime and the criminals. The writer wants to say that, we cannot escape from the punishment of our crimes. Ole Anderson tried his best to escape from the killers but could not. Two professional Closet killers were after him, and they want to kill him. (2) The law and order situation in America is very poor because the killers of the story have no fear to be arrested by the police. They are fully confident. They openly declare that they have come to kill Ole Anderson. The killers remain two hours in the restaurant without any fear. They wait for Ole Anderson. They want to kill him only to oblige their friend. We can say that the story has two main themes. (I) The lawlessness condition in America where there is no security of life and the hired killers are common in America. (II) We cannot escape from the consequences of our crime." Conclusion: The story "The killers" is full of suspense, irony and satire. The use of these three literary devices has made the story a powerful modern story. From the beginning to the end, it is full of surprise.
Q2:"The killers is a powerful story of atmosphere. 2009 Ans. Horrors suspense and curiosity in stories and plays are liked very much, especially by the younger readers. 'The Killer's is also a story which has some elements of suspense, horror and curiosity. Here are curiosity. Here are some of the elements which arouse such feelings while we read the story. The main scene of the story "The Killers" is Henry's lunch-room, two hired killers in. Their names are Al and Max. They ask for food but their attitude towards and Nick is rude and authoritative. The hired killers create atmosphere of terror and horror in the lunch-room. They have worn tight overcoats with derby hats. The behaviours of old Max with George is as if he were a very inferior creature and very low man. They start eating their meal with their gloves on. From their . Behaviours, dress and eating manners, they look very dangerous persons. Al and Max frighten the staff of the restaurant by telling them that they have come to kill Ole Anderson who comes in that restaurant for dinner. The staff is frightened and do not know what the killers will do with them. Either they will kill them with Ole Anderson or make them free. The killers have controlled the restaurant without any fear. They are waiting for Ole Anderson. As he comes, they will shoot him. The reader remains under suspense from the beginning of the story to the end that what will happen next. Conclusion: We can say that “The Killer” is full of suspense and horror. Hemingway has drawn the picture of society very realistically. His society has been shown full of horror. Bloodshed, despair and crime. Q: 3 the story "The Killers" reflects some of the darkest aspects of the Modern American society. ☆ “Write briefly how we can look upon the "The Killers" as a piece of Criticism of modern American society. Ans: We can certainly look upon "The Killers" as a piece of criticism of modern American society by having a look at the horrifying plot of the story. It is regrettable that the lawlessness in America has grown so much that the hirelings are easily moving in the society. Hemingway, the writer of the story "The Killers" has pointed out some weak points of American society. Firstly, there is a poor police system in America. The American police can do nothing against criminals and killers. Andreson is justified in deploring the helplessness of the police in protecting his life. When Nick says to Anderson, "Don't you want me to go and see the police?” Ole Anderson's categorical answer is: "No. Secondly, there is no safety is of life in America. The criminals are common in America. They can kill anyone just for money. Thirdly, the writer also wants to tell that the judicial system in America is very weak. The court is not giving severe punishment to the criminals. The hired killers are common. They have no fear to be caught and punished. The hired killers tell George that: "We are going to kill a Swede. Do you know a big Swede named Ole Anderson?” "The Killers" is a story in which Hemingway reflects crime, corruption lawlessness in the American society. He has created an atmosphere of suspense and horror. It gives us a glimpse of American society which flourishes murder, disorder and lawlessness. The atmosphere of the Henry's Lunch Room is full of terror, suspense horror and mystery. Conclusion: The writer has succeeded fully in showing the real face of so much advanced country that claims to have peace and democracy. It wants to bring peace everywhere in the world but it cannot uproot violence and other crimes from its own country, Q: 4 What is the behaviours of the killers towards the attendants of the hotel? They (the two killers) leave the place but also leave behind the looming shadow (LED) of death and horror. 2009 Ans: "The killers" is a typical modern short story by Hemingway. It is the story of two killers who want to kill Ole Anderson. They want to kill Ole Anderson just to oblige a friend. They are bold and dauntless. They come and control Henry's lunch-room. (1)The attitude of the killer's towards George and other servants of the restaurant is rude. They treat them like a cruel boss. They order for different kinds of food. George, the waiter tells them that the demanded food is not available. The hired killers use sarcastic remarks for the waiter and the counter man. (2)They often use the words "Shut up" in their talk. They do not let them talk. They even do not look at them. They treat the servants of the restaurant very rudely. They do not let them laugh. (3)The hired killers order the cook and the little boy to go back to the kitchen. They make them hostage and then threaten them to kill. Al threats George that he will blow his head off if he does not follow his orders. The hired killers frighten the servants of the restaurant to death. The two killers left the restaurant but they left behind them a looming shadow of death and horror. Conclusion: At the end, we can say that the attitude of the hired killers towards the servants of the restaurant is very frightening from the beginning to the end of the story.
2. Rappaccini’s Daughter
Discuss the story "Rappaccini's Daughter" as a fantasy.2011 Rappaccini's Daughter is an imaginative story.2010 Narrate the incidents of horror that take place in the story. 2008 Discuss the story "Rappaccini's Daughter" as a scientific fiction. 2007 Ans: The story "Rappaccini's Daughter" is about a doctor of medicine whose mad passion for science makes him inhuman and selfish. His experiments put all his scientific research to a wrong direction. As a result, his own daughter dies because of his selfishness and obsession with science. A story that is not based on fact rather is a product of imagination of a person is called fantasy. In actual life, it does not happen, as it happens in the story. There are many incidents in the story "Rappaccini's Daughter" which are unreal and unbelievable. Firstly, we see unreality when Beatrice comes to the garden and smells the most poisonous plant and says: "I am faint with common air". Fresh air is good for health. And poisonous air is dangerous for health. Secondly, when Beatrice comes in the garden, the insects draw towards her as if she were a flower. At one occasion, she give forth her breath among the insects, they fall and 'die at her feet. It does not happen in common life. Giovanni was astonished to see one day the death on an animal creeping near Beatrice's feet. It died when she picked some flower and its liquid drops fell on its head. Thirdly, when Giovanni gives fresh flowers to Beatrice as a token of love. The fresh flowers begin to die in her hands as if, she were not a natural but a supernatural being. Fourthly, when Giovanni wants to pluck a flower from the magnificent plant is Beatrice catches his hand. In the next morning, a purple mark appears on the back of Giovanni's hand. It seems that touching dangerous as poisonous animal. Conclusion: All the above things show that Rappaccini's Daughter is science fiction. Though characters in the story are not supernatural (events are unreal while the theme of the story revolves (boys) around a sense, it is truly a science fiction or a fantasy.
Q: 2 Rappaccini's Daughter is a tragic love story. Discuss it. 2009. "I would rather have been loved, not feared," says Beatrice be in "Rappaccini's Daughter". Elaborate. 2010 What is the terrible fate of Beatrice? 2005 Beatrice is the center of interest in the story "Rappaccini's Daughter Elaborate. 2014 Ans: The story "Rappaccini's Daughter" is about a scientist, his daughter, his friend Pietro Baglioni and a young man Giovanni Guasconti. Giovanni is a student at university and is living near Dr. Rappaccini's garden in a rented room. When he was sitting in the window of his room, he saw the beautiful daughter of Dr. Rappaccini. He was highly impressed too by the beauty of Beatrice. He decided to meet her. He succeeded to meet Beatrice. After the first and second meeting, I used to meet Beatrice daily. He was mad in her love. But he did not know it would be the result of his love story. The relationship of Beatrice and Giovanni were mysterious and full of love and doubt. Beatrice, Giovanni's innocent beloved is not emotional in her feelings like a romantic heroine. She is aware of her poisonous body and its effects on others. As a result of close relationships, Giovanni also become poisonous. He brought a medicine to cure her problem. As soon as she took that medicine, she fell dead immediately. In this way Rappaccini's scientific research ended with the death of his own daughter. Conclusion: This love story has a very tragic end when Beatrice dies in the feet of her father and her lover in a very miserable condition with the reaction of medicine that was given to her by Giovanni for the purification of her body Q:3 Dr. Rappaccini loves science more than human beings, 2004 * Rappaccini's destructive knowledge is dearer than his daughter. ☆ Is Beatrice a pitiable and miserable character Discuss. 2009 Ans: A thorough reading of the story makes it crystal clear that Rappaccini is a crazy person. He has devoted himself for science. But his commitment to science is for the sake of science. He does not even care for his sole for this evil because daughter. He is completely devoid of humane feelings. Rather, he is a cruel man. Beatrice, the only daughter of Dr. Rappaccini is deprived of all kinds of joy and happiness in life. (1) She has no mother, no brother, and no sister and is living alone. Only her father gives her company. Her father has no natural love with her. So, we can say, that she is deprived of the caring and lovely feelings of her father. (2) (2)She has no friend, no relatives she only talks with her father and plants. She inhales the poisonous smell which has become the element of their life. She calls the magnificent bush as her sister. (3) When Giovanni, the young student meets her, she tells him about her loneliness her father's deep love of science which has separated her from the other human was. "The effect of my father's mad love of science, which separated me from all kinds of men". (4) She becomes puppet in the hands of her father. She does only what her father to do. When her father orders her to care the most poisonous plant. She says: “And gladly will I attempt it.” At the end of the story, we see Beatrice dies in the feet of her father and love. Conclusion: By summing up the discussion, we can say that Dr. Rappaccini is more loyal to his art than his daughter. He is so crazy for poisonous herbs and plants even he slaughters his sole daughter at the altar of scientific experiments. The role of Rappaccini makes him a disgusting and awful-up person for readers. Q: 4 Discuss the elements of irony and suspense in the story.2008 Irony means "a mode of speech or writing in which the meanings are Ans: The story "Rappaccini's Daughter" is about a doctor of medicine whose mad passion for science makes him inhuman and selfish. His experiments put all his scientific research to a wrong direction. As a result, his own daughter dies because of his selfishness and obsession with science. The story "Rappaccini's Daughter" has four main characters and is full of ironic events. All the characters have their own expectations. (1) Dr.Rappaccini has spent all his life in the study of poisonous plants. He makes his only daughter and Giovanni poisonous. He is very happy to see love between Giovanni and Beatrice. Beatrice's death is against Rappaccini's expectations. (2) Beatrice is Dr. Rappaccini's only daughter. She expects that she will love Giovanni and be with him for a long time. She does not know that she will be separated from Giovanni forever. She does not want to make him poisonous creature like her but Giovanni becomes poisonous. (3) Professor Baglioni, Giovanni's father's old friend has brought a medicine. Both Giovanni and professor Baglioni expect that the medicine will cure Beatrice, from her poisonous qualities. But the result is quite opposite job to their expectations. Beatrice, Dr. Rappaccini's beautiful daughter dies with that medicine. The reader remains under suspense from the beginning of the story to the end that what will happen next. Conclusion: The suspense goes on mounting as we 'read the story. We are all the time desirous of knowing "what next." Until Beatrice's death we remain hopeful of some good results and the union of Giovanni and Beatrice.
3. THE NEW CONSTITUTION
Q:1 Why did Ustad Mangu hate the British? Explain the causes of Ustad mangu's hatred against the English?2005 Why did Ustad Mangu call the English white mice?2011-2012 Mangu is representing common Indians who were oppressed by the hands of the British. Ans: The New Constitution" is the story of an Indian tongawalas. He thinks his rights as a human being and an Indian citizen would be recognized and accepted after the promulgation of the India Act, 1935. But his encounter with a "gora" shatters all his hopes about his freedom. Ustad Mangu, the tongawala lived in Lahore. He was considered man among his friends because of his personality and common observation. (1) He hated the British who were ruling over the India against the will of the native people. He disliked the authoritative attitude of British soldiers towards the native Indians. (2)The Indians were deprived of their basic rights, they did not express their opinions against the cruel treatment of the English. The people of India were treated below the status of animals. Ustad Mangu hated these lot sahibs because of their inhuman treatment with the Indians. (3)One day, Ustad Mangu was beaten by a gora solider without any sound reason. He had to bear his insult as an Indians because the Indians had no rights to protest against the inhuman treatment of the English. He called them white that had drunk the blood of the native people, Sometimes Mangu calls them swine, bastared, human monkeys, dead and rotten”. All these bad adjectives used by Mangu show his intense hatred against the British. Conclusion: So, it is obvious that Ustad Mangu hated the British rulers very much. It is just a symbolic character. Actually he is representing common Indians who are oppressed by the hands of the British.
Q:2 Write a note on Ustad Mangu's personality.2007-12 What do you know about Ustad Mango?2011-2006 Write a character sketch of Ustad Mangu.2009 Is Mangu a true patriotic?
Ans: Manto is a great writer who knows the art of delineating a character. Sometimes he puts a good idea in his character's mouth to reveal his ideas. Sometimes he throws side references to make the reader understand different aspects of the personality of his character. Manto has used both these techniques to make the character of Mangu interesting and understandable. (1)Ustad Mangu is the central character of the story. "The New Constitution". He is illiterate and a middle aged person. He lives in Lahore and is considered a wise man among his fellows. He is very clever. Mostly, he over hears his fares and gets knowledge about the current affairs. He shares his knowledge with his friends and is respected by them. (2)He is jolly by nature. He has many friends. Everyone likes him. Ustad Mangu is also a true patriot. He hates the English. He does not like them. (3)One day, he was beaten by a gora solider without reason. He remains depressed for hours. He wants to get freedom from the English. He wants to restore the basic right of the Indians. Mangu, as a tongawala was fully aware of the current situation in the world especially in India. (4) Mangu has also emotional personality. Sometimes, he starts abusing the English openly without any fear. One day, he beats a Gora soldier very confidently. We can say that Ustad Mangu is a good character. He is simple by nature but sensitively about the problems of his country fellows. Conclusion: Thus, the writer has made Mangu's character sketch very interesting to study by throwing side references about his personality and character. Mangu is a true patriotic.
Q:3 Describe the quarrel between Ustad Mnagu and a gora soldier. 2005-2007 Why did Ustad Mangu quarrel with the gora soldier?
Ans: The New Constitution" is the story of an Indian tongawalas. He thinks his rights as a human being and an Indian citizen would be recognized and accepted after the promulgation of the India Act, 1935. But his encounter with a "gora" shatters all his hopes about his freedom. One day, a gora solider abused Ustad Mangu without reason. He bore his insult patiently because he knew that, he would not get any justice from the court. On the 1st April, he was very happy when he came on the road. He saw the same gora solider near a lamp post. The gora solider asked Ustad Mangu to take to him to dancing girls, bazaar. It was the same gora solider who had abused Mangu, one year ago. On the 1st April, Ustad Mangu was very happy, because the new constitution is going to be launched that would force the English to leave India and make the Indians free. Ustad Mangu quarreled with the gora soldier were setting fare. He beats the gora soldier ruthlessly because he wanted to take revenge of his previous insult. He beated the gora soldier with his powerful blows. The gora soldier began to shout for her of people gathered there, two policemen arrested him. He was shouting new con "new constitution". The policemen locked him up and told him that it was the constitution. Conclusion: In short, Mangu was justified in beating the gora soldier and having hatred against the English. "Look at them" he would say, shaking his head, came to house, to fetch the candle and before, you knew they had taken over.
Q:4 What kind of change Ustad Mangu was expecting from the new act of 1935? ☆ Why was Ustad Mangu so happy about the new constitution. 2010 What was new constitution? What could it change if promulgated? Ans: "The New Constitution" is the story of an Indian tongawalas. He thinks his rights as a human being and an Indian citizen would be recognized and accepted after the promulgation of the India Act, 1935. But his encounter with a "gora" shatters all his hopes about his freedom. Ustad Mangu is a humble tongawala. He lives in Lahore. He has positive opinion about the new constitution. The new constitution was being launched on 1st April 1935. Firstly, Ustad Mangu expects that the new constitution will restore the civil rights of the natives of India. Secondly, he expects that the natives of India will be treated as human being by the British rulers. Thirdly, he is also hopeful that the people of India will be free from the domination of the British rulers. Fourthly, the Indians would also restore their status as equal to the white men’s. Fifthly, he expects that there will be new opportunities and the young generations will get employment in different departments of the government. Sixthly, he expects that the exploitation of the natives of India would come to an end. Seventhly, the cruelties and injustice done by the British rulers would also cease. Eighthly, he hopes that the English rulers will go back to their native country. Ninthly, he expects that all the leaders of India that have been arrested on the charge of treason would be set free. Conclusion: Ustad Mangu, the 'tanga wala' is the main character in the story "The New Constitution”. He has been portrayed as a representative out of common Indians The common Indian people did not like these foreign rulers. So, he also hated the English ruler very much. He thought that the English were exploiting the local resources and people.
4. BREAKFAST
What is the main theme of the story "Breakfast". What message does the story give to us? 2010-2006 Write a critical note on the story "The Breakfast", 2011 Ans: In our modern materialistic age where every person desires to get more and more eath the story "Breakfast" describes the purity of living. It appreciates the contented of workers. It criticises the modern materialistic world were some people very rich and some are very poor. The story "Breakfast" is very simple but thought-provoking.The story shows the simple hearted, hospitable and innocent people. The writer meets a labour family. They are very poor but are very contented. They are cotton- pickers. All the day, they work in the fields. They have got new clothes. They are very thankful to God. Even they have not their own house. They have got their labor for only twelve days. They are extremely happy on their lot. They do not have any complaint against anyone. They are very co-operative and satisfied. They are also sympathetic even they offer job to the writer. They are very happy after earning very small amount of money through cotton picking. They are honest, selfless, and co- operative and open minded. They serve the writer without knowing his name, residence and status. They are very humble, simple, hospitable and straightforward. Actually, the writer wants to say that only hard work is a key to success. We must always be hopeful about our bright future. We must be contented and straightforward people in our life, because contentment is a source of peace of mind and body. Conclusion: The theme of the story is that the company of poor, ordinary and selfless people gives us a spiritual kind of joy. We find most rural or village people are hospitable. They are not proud like many rich city people. Villagers are mostly good-natured. Their habits, behaviours and talk are simple
0:2 "Breakfast" by John Steinbeck is the story of happy and innocent villagers. 2007-2009 What type of people have been presented in the story "The Breakfast"?2011-2010 ☆ The writer calls his meeting with the poor family very pleasant. why? Ans: This story successfully illustrates the self-sufficiency of poor laborers. It portrays the beauty and simplicity of the poor Allah-fearing people living upon the seasonal labor of cotton picking. It is about a poor but perfectly satisfied family willing to work anywhere for a better living. Its self-satisfied members have no complaint or anger against their acute poverty. The writer of this story was walking along a country side road. Suddenly, he saw a young girl who was sitting near a stove beside a tent. She was preparing the breakfast for her family. She was also carrying a child. It was very cold; the writer came near the stove. He took out his hands out of the pockets and stretched out to it. A young man came out from the tent and an old man also came out after the young man they were wearing cotton picking dress. The old man greeted the writer. His face was neither friendly nor unfriendly. They both came close to the stove and began to warm their hands. The breakfast was ready. They asked the writer to take breakfast, which he did with them. They thanked God after taking the breakfast. The young man offered the writer the job of cotton picking but he refused because he did not need it. They told the writer that they had been picking cotton for the last twelve days. They also had got new clothes. Conclusion: The cotton picking family was very contented, simple and satisfied at their lot. They were neither jealous, nor greedy and hypocrite. The writer was highly impressed by their hospitality honesty, simplicity, humility, and straight forwardness. Q: 3 the story "Breakfast" can be considered as a criticism on the modern life Discuss. 2012-2013-2014 Ans: In our modern materialistic age where every person desires to get more and more wealth, the story "Breakfast" describes the purity of living. It appreciates the contented living of workers. It criticizes the modern materialistic world were some people are very rich and some are very poor. After reading the story "Breakfast" carefully, I come to know that the writer has satirized the modern busy life by telling the story of a cotton picking family. They are very poor and do not have any bank balance. In spite of their utter poverty they are extremely happy. All the day, they work in the field, their job seasonal. It is for short time but they are contented at their lot. They are free from any kind of complaint against anyone. The modern people both the rich and the poor are always seen and heard of complaining against the government and the other people. The people of modern age are busy in accumulating money. They are cheating one another. They are robbing and killing others to get their money and property. They are not hard working. They want to become rich overnight. They hate to do work with their own hands. They are not co-operative to each other. They do not share their skill, knowledge and wealth with other people. Conclusion: The story is, indirectly, a criticism on our worldly, materialistic life. A life of and outward shine of authority and power can never bring us true peace of mind. We should try to be like the cotton- picking laborers, inwardly satisfied with their lives. Q:4 How does the writer describe the purity of living in "Breakfast".2010 ☆ What were the reasons that it was pleasant and there were some elements of beauty in it? Ans: The story "Breakfast" deals with the simplicity, contentment and satisfaction of workers depending on seasonal work of cotton-picking. It is chiefly with the generous and sympathetic attitude, especially making the wilderness a beautiful and attractive place. It is a story of hospitality of a poor family, in which, the writer has described to the purity of living. Firstly, he describes the purity of environment. It is morning; the whole atmosphere is pure and clean. It is free from all kinds of pollution. There is no smoke of chimneys of the mills as well as the smoke of the brick-tillers. There is no noise of traffic only the writer himself is walking along the road and enjoying the scene. Secondly, the writer describes the purity of the characters. All the characters of the story including the young man possess the purity of soul. They are contented, satisfied, generous, hardworking and God fearing. They are always thankful to God for His blessings. Outwardly, they are very poor. They are seasonal cotton pickers. They are living in tents on a hill. They have no complaints against any one. In this modern greedy world, they have no lust for money. They are leading a contented and happy life. Even in their utter poverty, they are hospitable, co-operative and selfless. Conclusion: Whenever the writer remembers that breakfast on the cold winter morning beside the gray tent in the valley, his heart fills with joy. Every time he thinks of that morning, he discovers new elements of beauty in the life of that happy and contented family. Q:5 What are the elements of beauty that impress the writer very much. 2012 "That's all, I know, of course, some of the reasons why it was pleasant. But of it", What were the reasons that it was pleasant and there was some element of beauty in? 2014 Ans: One winter morning the writer was walking along a country road in a valley. He saw a tent and approached it. There he met a family consisting of a young man, his father, his wife and his baby. Their congenial atmosphere impressed him most. Their hot breakfast also pleased him most. He can never forget its memorable moments. Whenever he finds himself in a mood of leisure, he recalls his unplanned visit of this innocent tented family. Some element of great beauty makes the rush of warmth when he likes to bring to his mind that sweet memory. This beauty he found in the young woman, really a girl, preparing breakfast beside the stove. He found this beauty in the baby nursing its head under her waist and in the light and quick gracefulness of her precise movements. He found this beauty in each item of breakfast ------bacon, bread, biscuits and coffee. He found this beauty in the behaviours, dress, contentment and innocence of these two cotton pickers. His visit was just accidental, not premeditated otherwise the reaction and behaviours of the three tent dwellers might have assumed an affected style. He found beauty in their unaffected manner of entertaining him at their breakfast although he was their guest. He still enjoys the inextinguishable light of the sweet memory of their straightforward talk with him. Conclusion: The writer was particularly impressed by thankfulness to Allah the Great and their contentment with their fate. They have no greed of possessing more dungarees.
5. TAKE PITY
Q:1 The story "Take Pity" is about the struggle of a woman again exploitation of men. Discuss. 2011-2013 What is the theme of the story "Take Pity" 2014 "Take Pity" is a story of determination and self-respect. Why does Eva turn down every offer of help of Rosen's? 2008 Eva stands out as a person who can endure hardships for the sake of female glory. Elaborate. 2009 Ans: "Take Pity' is a story in which Bernard Malamud has portrayed an undaunted struggle of a woman Eva. She turns down every effort of Rosen who is representing male thinking regarding women. Eva is a Polish refugee whose husband has died. She is running a general store. She has two daughters. After the death of her husband, she tries to establish the store by investing 1000 dollars of her late husband's life insurance. Her business proves totally failure. Eva possesses strong will power. She is self-confident. She has a great courage to face the difficulties. Rosen her late husband's friend tries his best all his offers for financial to help her. She rejects all his offer for financial assistance, time and again. Eva has a strong will power and self- confidence. She is hardworking and optimistic. She tries to re-establish the store. She works hard day and night. Unfortunately, she fails in running the store. Rosen gave her many proposals such as to get some job, to marry someone. She rejected all his proposals boldly because she did not want to become a financial burden on anyone. She was fully aware that no one would marry her with two daughters, The story thus presents the undaunted struggle of a woman who after the death of her husband refuses every offer made to her in the form of charity. This Eva this stands for all the human beings who want to live with social values. Conclusion: So, we can say that "Take Pity" is a story of a bold, brave and courageous woman, who wanted to spend her life honorably and respectfully. Her dauntless struggle against the exploitation of men becomes a representative struggle of all the needy and the poor all over the world. Q:2 Write a note on Rosen's hypocrisy in the story "Take Pity". (2011, 2008) What do you know about the character of Rosen. Ans: "Take Pity" is the story of a resolute and undaunted, confident and courage widowed mother who, accompanied by her two orphaned girls, makes hectic efforts to earn her own livelihood in a capitalistic country where they are offered everything in a businesslike manner in charity but not out of selfless and sincere love. Rosen tries his best to help his friend Axel's widow. He offers her money, accommodation and child-care. Eva, the wife of his friend strongly rejects all kinds of his offers. Rosen is highly impressed by Eva's beauty and health. He wants to marry her. He uses various tricks to impress Eva that he has pure and innocent feelings for her and her daughters. Rosen advises Eva to leave the place and go somewhere because she has to pay her husband's debt that she cannot. One day, he gives some pieces of roasted meat to her daughters just to show her that he can carefully cool bring up her daughters. He also tries to impress Eva by telling her that he has a lot of money and property. Conclusion: Rosen's character is very complex. Outwardly he seems to be very innocent, pure and sincere, who has tender feelings in his heart for widow and her daughters but inwardly he seems to be a greedy and hypocritical who wants to impress a needy and helpless widow by using the tricks like helping her daughters, giving her different suggestions for her future. Q:3 Whore, bastard, bitch, go away from here. Go home to your children. How was Rosen provoked to make such remarks about Eva? 2008- 2010 How can you prove that Eva is a stubborn or obstinate young widow? 2007-2006 Eva rejects all suggestions of Rosen and proves to be an Obstinate lady. Ans: Bernard Malamud is an American fiction writer who deals with social problems of this century. In 1930 Americans faced the worst depression and fought with each other for a piece of bread. Polish refugees in America also struggled to survive. "Take Pity" is the story of such a Polish family who tried to earn their livings with hard work and dignity. Rosen is the hero of the story "Take Pity". He worked in a company as a sales man. He has great sympathy for the sufferings humanity. He cannot see people in miserable condition. After his friend Axel's death, he tries his best to help the widow, Eva and her daughters. He gives suggestions to Eva that she should leave this place and go somewhere. He also offers her his house to live without any rent. He also assures her to look after her daughters. But she does not act upon his advice. He prepares a will through which, he money and property to Eva and her two little daughters. After writing the will, he decides to commit suicide. Eva comes to know this. She comes to his house and raises her arms toward Rosen as if she were willing to marry him. He gets angry and abuses her whore, bastard and bitch. These words are dirty in their meanings but Rosen is justified in using these words for Eva. Conclusion: After reading the story carefully I come to know that Rosen is sincere and honest in his feelings for Eva and her daughters. He has only humanistic feelings in his heart for a needy and poor widow. Eva rejects all suggestions of Rosen and proves to be an obstinate lady.
Q:4 What are Eva's sufferings after her husband's death?2009 ☆ How did Eva lead her life after the death of her husband? 2005-2007 Ans: Bernard Malamud is an American fiction writer who deals with Social problems of this century. In 1930 Americans faced the worst depression and fought with each other for a piece of bread. Polish refugees in America also struggled to survive. "Take Pity" is the story of such a Polish family who tried to earn their living with hard work and dignity. Eva was a beautiful woman. She lived with her husband and two daughters in Poland. Hitler persecuted on the Jews in Germany. She had to migrate from Poland to America. In America, Eva's husband managed a grocery shop. It was started with loan. The shop could not run well because it was not at the proper place. Her husband fell ill and died. Eva started to run the store with the insurance money but it failed. She had to work hard, day and night. She had to bring up her daughters. She was alone. There was no one who could help her. All the day, she remained depressed. Many times she remembered her late husband and started weeping. She had to run the shop, to keep the household activities and to care her daughters. Eva faced so many economic and social problems after the death of her husband. Conclusion: The story Take Pity is about the great struggle and determination of a Polish woman, Eva. She stands out as a person who can endure hardships for the sake of female glory. She faces many difficulties, and refuse accept all type of help in the form of charity 0:5 What were the ways in which Rosen tried to help Eva in "Take pity by Bernard Malamud? 2012-2009 What advice did Rosen give Eva after her husband's death and to what was it effects. 2011 Why does Eva turn down every offer of help of Rosen?2005 Ans: Malamud is an American fiction writer who deals with social problems of this century. In 1930 Americans faced the worst depression and fought with each other for piece of bread, Polish refugees in America also struggled to survive. "Take Pity" is the story of such a polish family who tried to earn their living with hard work and dignity. After the death of Eva's husband, Rosen showed sympathy and kindness to Eva on many occasions but she refused to accept his every help. Firstly, Rosen advised her to leave the place. She should go to one of her relatives who might help and protect her, to set up her business and look after her two daughters. In reply she said: "My relatives Hitler took away from me." Secondly, Rosen advised her to do any job and marry somebody. But she rejected his advice. Thirdly, Rosen proposed Eva to marry him because he was a sick man with one kidney and after his death all property would be under her control. But she rejected his proposal by saying: "I had enough with sick men." Fourthly, He gave food to her daughters. He brought a delicious piece of beef for them. Next day, he tried to give them some cakes. Fega refused to accept it by saying: "We can't take, Mamma says today is a fast day." Fifthly, He sent her two hundred dollars from another city under a fake name. This plan also did not work because she did not accept the amount. Sixthly, He wrote a will in which he left all his property to her and to her daughters. Conclusion: After reading the story carefully I come to know that Rosen is sincerely and honest in his feelings for Eva and her daughters. He has only humanistic feelings in his heart for a needy and poor widow. Eva rejects all suggestions of Rosen and proves to be an obstinate lady.
6. THE HAPPY PRINCE
Why was "The Happy prince" weeping"? 2009 What type of life Happy Prince led after his death. What did make the Happy Prince weep in "The Happy Princ”. 2008-10 What kind of misery and ugliness made happy prince weep despite having a heart made of lead? 2006 The Happy prince see, the best when he has no eyes to see Explain. 2007 Ans: The Happy Prince, by Oscar Wilde, is a fairy tale, but a fairy tale with a difference. It combines the imaginary with the real, in order to highlight the cruel realities and injustices of real life. It is a skillfully written short story that criticizes hypocrisy and exploitation. A little swallow was going to Egypt. All his friends had already gone there. He reached a city at night. He saw a statue of a happy prince and decided to spend a night at its feet. When he was going to sleep, a drop of water fell on him. He did not know where the drop came from. There was no cloud in the sky. He decided to fly but exactly at that time, again a drop of water fell on him. He looked up and was surprised to see that the drops were falling from the eyes of the statue of the happy prince. On asking, the happy prince told the whole story. He said that, when he was alive, he enjoyed life fully. He did not know about the problems, worries and sufferings. He lived in a big palace which was surrounded with a high wall. He used to play in the garden with his friends, at day time. He danced in the evenings, with his companions in the great hall. His courtiers called him a happy prince. He did not know about the life of common men and their problems. After his death, he was fixed very high in the middle of the city where he could see all the ugliness and miseries of the city. He saw the life of sorrows and grief. He could not help weeping to see the sufferings of the people of his city. Conclusion: When the prince was alive and had human heart, he was happy because he could not see such ugly things. But after death, the suffering of the poor people made him weep despite having a heart made of lead. So, we can say that the happy prince saw the best when he had no eyes.
Q:2 How does the happy prince help the poor and the needy? 2006- 2008 How did the swallow help the people? 2009-2013 ☆ The Happy Prince tells the Swallow. "There is no mystery as great as misery". Explain this line.2012
Ans: The story "The Happy Prince" is about a statue and a swallow. It is a story of self-sacrifice and humanism. One day, a swallow was going to Egypt. He reached a city at night. It was a cold night. He decided to spend the night at a safe place. He saw the statue of a prince and descended at its feet. When he was going to sleep, some drops of water fell on him. He got up and saw that the statue was weeping. The swallow decided to leave the statue but the statue requested him to stay. i. He told the swallow that there lived a seamstress in a small street. Her son was wing in a bed. He was ill and asking for oranges. Happy prince requested the swallow to Lake the ruby of his swords and gave it to the poor woman. The swallow did so. ii. Next day, the prince told the swallow about a young man, who was trying to write a play for the director of theatre but it was too cold to write any more. The happy prince requested the swallow to pluck out a sapphire from his eye and gave it to the young man. The swallow obeyed his orders. iii. Then the prince asked the swallow to give the pearl of his other eye to a poor weeping girl, who had no money to buy match which had fallen into the gutter. She had no shoes and socks and was bare headed. The prince became blind, he could not see the people of the city. iv. The happy prince also gave costly stones and gold leaves to the poor of his city who were suffering from different problems. In this way the Swallow distribute all the pearls and golden leaves to the poor and the needy. Conclusion: This story is very interesting and full of moral purpose. In it, the writer tells us the lesson of welfare, sympathy and pity etc. This lesson has been given through a bird and a statue. We are told that we should do only those tasks that are liked by God. This world is mortal. The tasks of goodness are immortal. Q:3 Discuss the story “The Happy Prince" as a fantasy or fable? 2005- 2007 ☆ Discuss the story"The Happy Prince" as an imaginative or faire tale.2008
Ans: The Happy Prince" is not only a story of love and sacrifice but also a fine piece of social criticism It has a fairy-tale atmosphere. In the story, the statue of the Happy Prince sees the poverty of people. He, with the help of a swallow, helps the poor. During this process, the statue loses his outward glory and the little swallow dies. However, they are rewarded by God with eternal blessings in Paradise. A fairy tale or a fantasy is a story which is product of imagination of a person and is not concerned with the real world. Its characters are not human beings. It has also a moral lesson for the readers. There are two main characters, the happy prince and a swallow. They are not human beings. The qualities of human beings have been given to them that is why, they work, feel and talk like human beings. In real life it is not possible. How can an inanimate statue see the sufferings of the people of city and feel sympathy for them, how can a swallow pull pearl and gold from the body of a statue without any tool and distribute among the poor and the needy. It is also impossible that a bird falls in love with a stature? All these events cannot happen in real life. The story "The Happy prince" has also a deep moral lesson for the readers that out warmly shining and beauty is temporary. The real beauty is the beauty of the soul. The heart of the statue and the swallow had been thrown at the heap of rubbish but God liked them. Conclusion: "The Happy Prince" is not according to our experiences or the realities of life. Statues and birds do not feel, think, speak and act like us as they do in the story. It is a fairy tale in which the bird and the statue of the Prince think, feel and talk, and so partly it is also a fable or a fantasy.
Q:4 this story is the discussion of the problems of the Victoria, Of the Victorian age?2010-2007 Ans: The story "The Happy Prince" by Oscar Wilde has been written in the In the style of a fairy tale. The writer has highlighted the problem of Victorian age. He has divided the society into two classes. One class is enjoying life. The rich are enjoying their life without caring the poor. There is a second class of poor people who are suffering from food, shelter, clothes and other necessities of life. Their life is hard. The description of a poor lady, a starving dramatist, a little weeping girl, the who have no warm clothes to wear in cold season are the examples of poverty. The poor were being exploited by the rich who lived in palaces. The main problem is the problem of money. The poor seamstress, the starving dramatist and a little weeping girl need money. After reading the story, we can say that the rich people of that age were totally indifferent from the problems of poor. They had no feelings for the suffering humanity and of God in their heart. Conclusion: Oscar Wilde criticizes the society of his age. The rich making merry, the pale starving children, the beggars, the hypocrite Town Councilors, the shallow judgement of the Art Professor and the self- importance of the Mayor------all these pictures are fine examples of social criticism. Q:5 "The Happy Prince" is a story of love, self-sacrifice and humanism. 2006 Ans: The Happy Prince is a thought provoking Clay story by the famous writer, Oscar Wilde. He has portrayed two different attitudes of the prince. One is, when the prince was alive and one is, when the prince was dead and his statue was erected on the high place in the city. The story "The Happy Prince" is about a statue and a swallow who sacrificed their everything for the welfare of the poor and the needy. The writer tells us, the lesson of sympathy and pity. When Happy Prince was alive he didn't know the problems of the people. After his death, he stood on a high column, in the shape of a statue. He saw the miserable condition and sufferings of the people. He could not help weeping. With the help of the swallow, he helped the poor lady whose son was ill and she had nothing and her son was crying for oranges. He gave the poor woman a ruby. He also helped the young dramatist with a costly pearl of his eye. He could not bear the condition of the poor weeping girl and requested the swallow to pluck out the other costly pearl from his eye and give it to the poor girl. The happy prince gave costly stones and gold leaves to the poor of his city who were suffering from different problems. The little swallow also postponed his journey to Egypt on the request of the happy prince. He also sacrificed his energy and life for the sake of his love for the prince and the poor human beings. Conclusion: In short, the prince asked the swallow to help the suffering humanity as much as possible. It inspires us to help the suffering and the needy. The story highlight the fact that God favors those who love the needy and the poor. Though the ma characters of the story i.e. the Prince and the Swallow and the story itself are not they reveal the fundamental truth that man's inner beauty i.e. the beauty of his character is far better than his outer or physical beauty. This inner beauty is created by the kind and ad love that man feels for his fellowmen. Q:6 Describe briefly the story "The Happy Prince" as a piece of social criticism. Ans: The story "The Happy Prince" by Oscar Wilde has been written in the style of a fairy tale. The writer has highlighted the problems of Victorian age. He had divided the society into two classes. One class is enjoying life without any worry. The rich are enjoying their life without caring the problems of the poor. The story "The Happy Prince" is a piece of social criticism of many human For example, the story is a social criticism on the hypocrisy of the Town Councilor who admired the statue of the Happy Prince to gain a reputation for having artistic tastes. Secondly, the story is a social criticism on the false statement of a mother who told her little son that the Happy Prince never dreams like him of crying for anything. Her comparison is absolutely fallacious because it is logically absurd to compare the present wishes of a living son with the non-existent desires of a dead statue. Thirdly, the story is a social criticism on the frowning of the Mathematical Master for not approving of children dreaming of the existence of angels. Fourthly, the story is a social criticism on the flirting habits of the Reed, the lady love of the swallow, in proving herself a coquette! At by making the most graceful curtsies before the wind and not before him. Fifthly, the story is a social criticism on the Happy Prince himself who never thought of coming out of his palace in his life time to see the ugliness of the human misery hovering over his country.
7. “ARABY”
0:1 What is the main theme of the story Araby"? ☆ What message does the story "Araby" convey?2012 Ans: The story "Araby" is about the thoughts and passions of a young boy. He is a student and lives with his uncle and aunt. He play with his friend in street. One of his fellow is Mangan whose sister calls him for tea. He watches her standing near the railing. He loves her hair and voice. Sometimes, he lays on the floor of his parlour and looks at her door. When she comes out on the door step leaps. He always keeps quiet. He has never talked to her because of his shy naturel. Whenever, he hears her name he feels pleasure When he is alone mostly he repeats the word, "Love, Love". When the boy reaches “Araby" he finds half of the bazaar close and dark. He reaches near a stall and decides to buy a vase for his beloved. He cannot buy it because he has a little money. It means that he is running after something which is beyond his reach.The writer has pointed out that modern young generation has not pure thinking. The youth of modern age is suffering from doubts and conflicts. Electronic and print media have brought a revolutionary change. The use of internet has advantages and disadvantages also. There is everything open on internet. Mostly, the misuse of internet is making the minds of the users dirty. The boys and the girls have become mature before age. Even the teenagers have strong feeling for the opposite sex. In this age ne science, even the children begin to feel sexual courage at the age often and eleven. Conclusion: The visit of the boy to 'Araby' proves to be a meeting with reality. It brings him pain and frustration. He gazes up into the darkness and realizes that he is a creature driven and derided by vanity.
Q:2 What are the feeling of the narrator for his beloved 2009 ☆ The role of the main character in "Araby" is to run after the shadows Discuss. 2008 Ans: James Joyce's "Araby" is the story of a young schoolboy who falls in love with a neighboring girl. His love for the girl is a reality for him because this reality has dominated his whole being. This is the subjective reality felt intensely and interpreted through his likes and dislikes. But the boy's visit to Araby, a splendid bazar, makes him face the real world that brings about the boy's defeat. A child of fourteen or fifteen is the central character of the story "Araby". He lived with his uncle and aunt. He used to play with the boys of the street. One of his friend was Mangan. His sister often came to the door steps to call him for tea. The narrator, along with other often saw her. He began to like her but she was not aware of such feeling of the narrator. The young boy applied different tricks to show his love. Sometimes he followed the girl to her school. Sometime she played on the floor and satisfied himself by looking at the girl. Being alone he repeated to her name again and again Sometimes he started weeping when he did not see her. Whenever, she came out on the door step, his heart leaped He always kept her figure in his eyes. He lost interest in his studies. He always render her thoughts. One night, when he was alone in a soundless dark drawing room he showed feelings for her and said "I pressed the palm of my hands together until they trembled, murmuring; o Love O love many times.. He was always lost in her thoughts. He always thought of his beloved and was careless about his study, food, dressing and responsivities. The writer has successfully described between the subjective feelings of the boy and the objective reality of life. Conclusion: The boy realizes that he has placed all his love and hope in a world that does not exist except in his imagination. He feels angry and betrayed. But it was he who was deceiving himself. He feels he is a “creature driven and derided by vanity and the vanity is the falsity of ideal, romantic love. There is a great difference between the world of dreams and reality. Discuss? 2005 Write a note on the disillusionment of the boy2013 Describe briefly the effects of romantic love on the adolescent mind of small boy? 2009 "Araby' is a psychological explanation of boy's emotional and mental condition. Discuss. 2005 The role of the main character in 'Araby' is to run after shadows. Discuss.
Ans: "Araby" is a simple story about a school going boy who is running after shadows. He falls in love with the sister of his playmate Mangan. He does not muster up courage to talk her face to face. One day, by chance she meets him. She suggests him to visit Araby and also to buy a gift for her. The boy is deeply involved in love with the girl. His body is like and her words and gestures are like fingers running upon the string. He gets his uncles permission to go to the bazaar, Araby, at the weekend. He waits for the weekend very anxiously and impatiently. On Sunday evening, his uncle reached home at 9'O clock. He asks him for some money to go to "Araby". His uncle gives him one forin equal to two shillings. He reaches Araby at 9:50 pm and pays the entrance fee and enters Araby. He becomes despair to see the empty bazaar because about more than half of the bazaar has already closed and he has also pausity of money to buy a gift for his beloved. He wants to buy a vase as a gift for her but in vain because of the shortage of money. Soon the light is off and "Araby" is closed. To see the complete darkness in the hall he becomes disappointed and realize that (1)"Dreams never come true in life". (2) "There is a great difference between the sweet dreams and bitter reality of life". Conclusion: The story has two aspects, the actual reality of the world and the world of desires and dreams. Very often, we run after shadows cherish high passions, indulge in wishful thinking out and are defeated. Q:4 What is the symbolic significance of deserted train and darkness of the Bazaar? 2009 What is the significance of Araby in the story? 2011 * What is the symbolic meaning of the story 'Araby'? 2006-2008
Ans: The story "Araby" is about a school going boy who has not attained yet maturity. He falls in love with a sister of his friend. One evening, he promises her that he wailed go to Araby bazaar and also bring some gift for her. He takes from his uncle and goes to bazaar. He reaches the station and sits in a third is compartment of an empty train which is only for the bazaar "Araby." The train is exerted and is quite late (1) it represents the dejection and frustrations of the boy. The empty train is also a symbol of hard reality of life which is bitter. We cannot face it without courage and strong determination. The persons who live in the world of ideas are also me like the train. (2) When the boy reaches " Araby" he finds half of the bazaar close and dark. He reaches near a stall and decides to buy a vase for his beloved. He cannot buy it because he has a little money. It means that he is running after something which is beyond his reach. Soon the light is off and Araby is closet. There is a complete darkness around him. The darkness of the bazaar is a symbol of bitter reality of real life which is very hard to face. The writer has successfully described a conflict between the subjective feeling of the boy and the objective reality of life. The darkness of bazaar indicates his innocence, simplicity and ignorance that he cannot buy a gift for his beloved. It also indicates that the reality is a bitter and one has to taste it. He experiences the harsh reality that money has vital force and he cannot but a gift. He also realizes his foolishness by looking up in the darkness, that all wishes are not fulfill.
8. THE TELL-TALE HEART
How did the narrator murder the old man? 2005-2006 Why and how did the killer kill the old man? 2008-2013 How was the crime of the killer revealed in the story "The Tell-Tale? Heart"? 2010
Ans: The story "Tell-Tale Heart “is full of suspense. There are two main characters in it. The narrator is the hero of the story who kills an old man. He does not like the old man. One eye which is like that of vulture. The narrator himself tells that he became very kind and polite to old man for a week before killing him. He had made full preparations to kill him. For seven nights, he tried his best to kill the old man but could not. On the 8th night, he entered the room again. The old man’s room was totally dark. He was going to open the light to throw it upon the old man but his hand slipped from the fastening. The old man jumped in the bed and cried, “Who is there? The narrator stood motionlessly and did not speak. The light of his vulture like eye. The eye was open he became furious. He caught the old man and dragged on the floor. He pulled the heavy bed over him. The old man shrieked once and died. The narrator killed the old man very skillfully and hid limbs of his body under the wooden floor of his room. Conclusion: The reader remains in the grip of fear from the beginning to the end. The writer has successfully created the atmosphere of horror. The description is so detailed and clear that the reader really feels as he is watching a crime and detective which is full of horror and action. 0:2: The story is full of horror and suspense Discuss? 2010 ☆ Discuss "The Tell-Tale Heart" by Edgar Allan Poe, as a horror story2013 Poe haunts us and puts us into a situation where we can expect anything horrible may happen any time. Discuss in view of history, "Tell Tale Heart" 2005
Ans: The Tell-Tale Heart' can rightly be called a story of horror and suspense. Both the elements run parallel in the story. Edgar Allan Poe has mastery of writing such stories. He does this very tactfully. Throughout the story, he captures the attention of the readers. Let us discuss these elements in the story. (1)Suspense of the story goes to the peak when the narrator" goes into the old man's room for seven nights very secretly. He tries his best to kill the old man but in vain. (2)The darkness of the night and the secret activities of the killer create suspense at every step. On the 8th night, the narrator enters the old man's room. The old man awakes and sits in the bed. He cries “who is there! This situation is full of horror and suspense (3)At last, the narrator kills the old man and describes the details of murder without any feeling of remorse for the act. He also tells us about the cutting of the corpse. He cuts off the head, arms and legs. (4)The investigation of the Police also creates suspense either the killer will be caught and confess the crime or deceive the police men (5) At the end of the story, we find the murderer in the grip of horror. The beating of heart creates horror and suspense in the story. (6) The sound of the beating of the old man's heart long before and long after his murder and the endless pricking of the narrator's guilty conscience create a longer situation of suspense. Conclusion: In short, the writer kills the old man. His action of killing the old man is full of horror and fear. There is no doubt that the story is full of horror and suspense. Moreover, the reader feels fear and suspense when he reads the story... Q: 3 what is the significance of the title of the story "Tell- Tale Heart"? Whose heart was it that told the real story 2004? Why has the story been named "The Tell-Tale Heart"? What is the moral lesson of the story 2006? What is the main idea or theme of the story?
Ans: The story the tell-Tale Heart' deals with the behaviours of an abnormal character who kills an innocent old man without any solid reason. The killer is mental patient but considers himself quite sane and healthy. He mocks at who blames him for madness. As a proof of his mental health, he explains how cleverly and carefully he planned and carried out the murder of the old man. This story describes the beating of the old man's heart even after his death, the murderer listens the beating of old men's heart even after his death. This sound is only heard by the killer and troubles him so much even he confesses his crime before the police. "Tell-Tale Heart" is a befitting title for the story because it refers psychological truth that a murderer cannot digest a murder because it is unnatural which is totally against God's will. It is also a deadliest sin that makes the killer restless. The man in the story is very confident after killing the old man. He completes his task very skillfully and even faces police comfortably. He satisfies the police officers with the inspection of his room and he also tells them that it was his own cry because he is in the habit to cry in dream. The imaginary ticking of dead man's heart is actually the pricking of the conscious of the killer which make him reveal the truth. So we can say that the title of the story "Telltale Heart" is very significant and also relevant to the man idea of the story. Conclusion: The title of the story "The Tell-Tale Heart" is quite appropriate. A tell-tale is an uncountable person who reveals to the secrets of others. Here the tell-tale heart is the heart of the story. After having been murdered, old man's heart continues beating and its voice keeps singing in the ears of the murder Q: 4 the narrator in the story thinks that while killing the old man, he was perfectly in his senses. What is your idea? 2007 ☆ Whether the killer in the story is a mad or sane person? 2003
Ans: The narrator of the story kills the old man only because he does not like vulture like eye. A man in good health and senses cannot do so. He cannot kill person for so trivial a cause. But the murderer says that he was perfectly in he senses when he committed the crime. He gives the following arguments: i. He does a careful planning to commit this crime .He plane to kill old man in his bed at the dead of night. ii. He opens the door carefully. He covers the lamp so that there may not be direct light in the room. Then, he throws the light carefully on his sleeping body. iii. For seven nights, he does not kill him because his eye is closed in sleep. iv. On the eighth day, he finds the eye open and he smothers him to death. He does not kill him with a knife, gun or pistol. He knows that it will produce noise. It will also spread blood on the floor. v. He hides the chopped body of the dead man very carefully. If he had done it in confusion, he would certainly have left some marks on the floor. vi. He collects all the blood and marks on the floor in a tub. In this way, he does not leave any mark or clue of murder. Conclusion: All this proves that he was a sane person not a mad one. He was very sensitive. His sense of guilt overpowered him and he confessed the crime.
9. THE NECKLACE
Q:1 What were the Maflda,s dreams? 2010-2009 What are the dreams of Matilda? What type of life she wants to lead? There is always a suspicious hope for Matilda Loisel in "The Necklace". Ans: The short story "The Necklace" brings into light man's foolish dreams of looking prominent, attractive and smart. It also reveals man's foolish stupidities. Matilda come of a poor family. She is very beautiful and charming lady having an attractive personality. She is very ambitious to lead a comfortable life like the rich ladies. Being poor, she is married to a poor clerk. She is not satisfied with her present life. (1) She dreams splendid drawing rooms with beautiful and costly silky curtains. She also wants to have grand furniture in them. (2) She wants to move in high circle of society. She wants to have costly dinner-set. She dreams of magnificent curtains with pictures of ancient personalities and fairy land. She wants to enjoy all the luxuries of life to the full extent. We can say that by nature, she is the member of aristocratic family but it is her bad luck that she is born to a poor family. She often remains dejected and sad. Mostly, she remains in loving and caring but both have no mutual understanding. One day, he brings an invitation card for a royal dance party just to please her wife. She borrows a diamond necklace from her friend to attend the party. This diamond necklace is lost. This incident brings countless sufferings for the husband and wife. Conclusion: We can say that Matilda is highly a romantic and imaginative type of lady who always ignores the real world and remains in dreamy world.
Q: 2 how did Matilda lead her life after the lesson after the loss Necklace? ☆”She replaces the necklace at the cost of her life and marriage. 2011 How was her entire life determined by the loss of necklace? 2006
Ans: "The Necklace" is a superb story in which human predicament has been portrayed through the character of Matilda Loisle. The writer criticizes two great evils present in human society -- pride and materialism. One day, Matilda's husband brings an invitation card for a royal dance party just to please his wife. She borrows a diamond necklace from her friend to attend the party. Matilda lost the borrowed diamond necklace. Both the husband and wife took loans and bought a new one. They returned it to Madam Forebier without telling her the real story. The financial condition of grand Mrs. Loisel was already very pitiable. It became very difficult for them to lead a normal life. Mr. Loisel had to borrow money on interest. He worked day and night like a blind horse. He copied almost five hundred pages every day. He got up early in the morning and slept late night. He worked very hard for ten years. They dismissed their maid servant and began to live in a rented house. Matilda herself had to do all the house-hold works such as, dish-washing, washing of the old clothes etc. She also had to throw the garbage into the streets. She herself went to bazaar for shopping to save money. She wore very simple and cheap dress like a common maid servant. Conclusion: At the end we can say that there came a great change in her appearance. She became a very hard lady. She also lost her physical charms.
Q: 3 "The Necklace" is a story of human vanity. Discuss? 2008-2011 What are the moral and social aspects of the story "The Necklace"2015? "The Necklace" is a criticism on pride and materialism. 2010 What is the moral lesson or theme of the story?
Ans: The Necklace' by Guy de Maupassant is a satire on the pride and material women. It is also a bitter criticism on the vanity of women. Women are very fond of jewelry, nice clothes and material. They want these things to show others. They want to impress others by their riches. This story is about a poor family. An ordinary mistake brings a great change in the life of Mr. and Mrs. Loisel. Mrs. Loisel borrows a diamond necklace from her friend because she has to attend a royal dance party. Both the husband and wife do not know about the reality of necklace. The necklace is lost. They search it but in vain. They buy a new one from the market and give it to Mrs. Forestier from whom, they have borrowed it. They have to take loans on high interest from many people. They worked day and night for ten years. The trivial mistake of Matilda becomes a cause of so many troubles. Matilda should be a humble and contented lady. She should also have told her friend the real story before buying the new diamond necklace. May be they were saved. With the help of this story the writer has exposed human vanity that becomes a cause of suffering for them. According to the writer we should try our best to live within our means. It is the basic theme and moral lesson of the story. Conclusion: In short, the writer wants to say that vanity is self-deception, and we should try to lead our life within our means. The story also teaches a moral lesson that borrowed feathers never fit. It also highlights that beauty needs no ornaments. 0:4 after reading this story, what do you gather about the society and social customs of France of those days? 2007 Ans: In the story, "Necklace" no special reference to the society and social life of the people of those days is made. But a deep reading discovers the following points. (i) In those days, the society of France was divided into two classes, the rich and the poor. There was a hell difference between their modes of livings. (ii) The rich lived a luxurious life. They had access to every comfort of life. They arranged and attended social functions. Women wore fine clothes and costly jeweler. They loved bracelet ,necklaces diamonds and jewels. They arranged grands feasts and functions to display their clothes, jeweler and fashion. (iii) The poor had to work like donkeys. They worked without enjoying any leisure. They lived in very humble houses. They wore poor and common dresses. Matilda belonged to this class. She also wanted to be attended on by waiters. But her poverty deprived her of all the comforts of life. She had to do the household work herself. She was quite young and attractive. But, she was reduced to bones within a few years due to her hard labor. Conclusion: The rich people lived in big and fashionable bungalows, with chamber in anti-chambers. The rooms were decorated with graceful furniture and colored curtains. The waiters and footmen used to wait on the ladies and were always ready to serve them. The rich people traveled in buggies and coaches.
10. DUCHESS AND THE JEWLLER
The Duchess and the Jeweler is a story about the moral decadence of Elite class of those days. Discuss. 2012-2009 ☆ How does the story reflect the moral decadence of English aristocracy? Ans: "The Duchess and the jeweler" mirror the end of nineteenth century and beginning of 20th century. It was an age of transitions, development of industry and commerce, brought a revolutionary change. The story reflects the moral decadence of the English aristocracy in the following manners. Firstly, Oliver Bacon, the richest jeweler of England and the most hypocritical Duchess of Lambourne represent two poles of moral deterioration. We observe Oliver losing 20,000 pounds in the temptation of enjoying a long weakened by riding alone in the woods with Diana, her youngest daughter. Secondly, Oliver has so far been telling his mother. "I have kept my word with you. I have won my bet. I am now the richest jeweler in England. Oliver now loses his 20,000 pounds because he does not obey the warning of his mother speaking from her picture when he has just written "twenty" on his cheque and is about to write thousand". His disobedience shows his moral decadence. Thirdly, The Duchess represents "the aroma the prestige the arrogance, the pomp and the pride of all the Dukes and Ducheses swollen in one wave. She thus belongs to the ruling section of England. She goes away with the desired cheque leaving behind her 10 false pearls and her promise of letting him enjoy his long weekend with her daughter Diana. Her action shows the moral decadence of the wives of the rulers of England. Fourthly, in all his monologues Oliver Bacon telling us how he rose to his enviable position from his boyhood which he passed as a criminal seller of stolen dogs, seller of cheap watches at high prices by showing them as top quality watches, smuggler of diamonds in Holland, etc. Oliver Bacon's shift from adversity to prosperity is founded on moral decadence. Conclusion: A careful reading of the story proves that it is the story of change in English class in Victorian era. This change portrays that aristocracy was going downwards while the poor were replacing them in worldly moral decadence was parallel in the both classes.
Discuss the significance of internal monologue of Bacon? 2009-10 Ans: In "The Duchess and the Jeweler', Virginia Wolfe describes a single incident in the life of Oliver Bacon, his meeting with the Duchess. This single incident is presented in a way that depicts almost the entire career and the essential jewelers through in mental reflections and flashbacks. Bacon, the famous jeweler of England often remains indulged in internal monologues. The reader comes to know his past life ruin these monologues. (1)Being alone, he often recalled! how he started life as a child in a narrow and dirty street. He also remembered that how he sold stolen dogs and cheap watches for the survival of his family. He remembered one incident of life when he killed by a dog-owner and how his mother saved him. (2) He also remembered about the early days of his business of diamond. Mother of Bacon was very loving and caring lady. She always reminded him to be careful about his future. Time and again, he remembered by his mother pieces of advice. (3)He also remembered how he worked at a jewel’s shop and how he established his own shop in Bond Street. (4)He also remembered his youth and youthful activities when he went to theatres and how a young lady in his vile picked a rose and stacked it in his button hole. (5)He often talked to his mother's picture which was hung in his office. Conclusion: From the internal monologues of Oliver Bacon the readers come to know about his childhood, his dishonesty and cheating nature. The internal monologues are of a great help to know the past life of Bacon.
The character of the Duchess and Bacon depict loss of faith in human values? 2008-2012 Ans: The story "The Duchess and the Jeweler" is about a change in English society. The end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century, this period is called the age of transition. (1)After reading the story, we come to know that the poor and middle class people were getting higher position in life. All the rich were losing their wealth and status. (2)The Duchess is a gambler, liar, clever, dead conscious and morality corrupt. Even, she has no react for her family honour and the status of her husband. She sheds crocodile tears and uses her daughter Diana just to grab money from Bacon, the richest jeweler of England. (3)Oliver Bacon has also a dark childhood. He sold stolen dogs and fake diamonds. He is also dishonest, clever and corrupt jeweler. Bacon has used all types of means to become the richest jeweler of the world. Being a rich jeweler, still he is not satisfied; he wants more and more money. Conclusion: At the end, we can say that the writer of the story has closely depicted, the loss of faith in human values in her age. The writer has depicted the two classes of Victorian society. The characters of the Duchess and Bacon show the social and moral conditions of the Victorian age. The Story "The Duchess and the Jeweler" is about the moral decadence of the English elite class at the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century.
11. THE SHADOW IN THE ROSE GARDEN
What are the root causes of an estrangement between the relations of the husband and his wife? 2010 What were the causes of conflict between husband and wife? 2005 Ans: The writer says that husband and wife are two wheels of a carriage. If any wheel is disordered, the carriage does not run. Similarly, there should be mutual understanding between them. The Shadow in the Rose Garden' is a love story of a woman who cannot help digging her past. She is haunted by her past love. Even after her marriage, her mind is absorbed in the past. Frank and his wife are passing their life in tension because they have no love and mutual understanding for each other. They are just bearing each other, as if they were joined without their will. The conflict between them can be described on the basis of following reasons. Firstly, Frank's wife is not an attractive woman. She is older than he and lacks feminine beauty. Secondly, the wife is very careless towards her husband as if she hates him. It is the desire of every husband to have the attention of his wife. Thirdly, the character of both husband and wife must be transparent for each other, especially female should be more careful about her character because every husband wants to see his wife with transparent character. Franks doubts the character of his wife especially when she asks Frank not to tell anyone about her visit of garden. Fourthly, the personality of wife is divided between two persons, her husband and ex-lover. She always remains in her thoughts and does not care the desires of her husband. Conclusion: These are the root causes of an estrangement between relations of the husband and his wife. According to the writer the young people must be careful while taking refuge in the cool shadow of emotions enjoyment. Why did Frank's wife visit the garden? * Describe the visit of Frank's wife to the garden? 2011 * Discuss the meeting of Frank's wife with her mad love2006 ☆ Explain "The shadow in the Rose Garden" as a love story. Ans: "The Shadow in the Rose Garden' is a love story of a woman who cannot help digging her past. She is haunted by her past love. Even after her marriage his mind is absorbed in the past. The relationships of Frank and his wife were not good. They were passing their life in tension since the time of their marriage. She married Frank under compulsion. Before marriage, she loved a son of Rector, Archie. One day, both the husband and wife decided to visit a seaside village on a holiday. They reached the required place. She asked her husband to stroll alone and pretended that she had to do some work. When her husband went out alone she reached the seaside garden and sat on a bench. Suddenly, there came a young man and sat near her. It was her ex-lover. She was grieved to see Archie's miserable condition. She was shocked to see her ex-lover as a mad man who did not recognize her. Her visit of garden proved to be a bitter experience. Which made her sad. She quickly came back to her residence and told the whole story to her husband. First, her husband got angry but after sometime he became normal. Her husband forgave her the experience of the garden brought a revolutionary changes in Frank's wife. She forgot her past and adjusted her to the present. Conclusion: In short, it is a story of love and misunderstanding between the husband and his wife. So, the relationship between them signifies that frankness and understanding play an important role in married life.
Q: 3 How was the conflict resolved between Frank and his wife? The wife in 'The Shadow in the Rose Garden' cannot help digging her past. Discuss. 2011 How did the husband and wife come to terms at last? (The Shadow Rose Garden) 2014
Ans: The story "The Shadow in the Rose Garden" is about a couple Mr. Frank and his wife. One day, the wife asked her husband to go to the seaside village. He agreed. She asked her husband not to tell anybody about their visit. This created suspense in the mind of her husband. He got angry but did not disclose his anger to his wife. Actually, she loved Archie, a Rector's son before her marriages, both wanted to marry but could not because of some unsuitable circumstances. When they reached the required place, she asked her husband to go alone for strolling. When her husband went for strolling she came out from her room and reached the seaside garden. There she met her ex-lover, Archie was a mad man. She was grieved to see pitiable condition of her ex-lover. She neither ate nor spoke. She went to upper room and locked the door. After some time, her husband came and asked the cause of her sadness. She told him the whole story. At first, he became angry but after sometime he became normal and forgave his wife. The conflict between husband and wife was resolved after their visit to seaside garden. Conclusion: At the end of the story, there is disillusionment. They redefine their relationship with the sense of actuality. Now, they are no longer impersonal and do not hate each other.
Q: 4 discuss the relevancy of the title of the story? –
Ans: The writer says that husband and wife are two wheels of a carriage. If any wheel is disordered, the carriage does not run. Similarly, there should be mutual understanding between them. The title of the story is attributed to the personality of woman's old lover. The young man with dynamic personality, healthy and attractive body structure some years back has become a mere shadow of his actual personality after turning into a lunatic. The story "The Shadow in the Rose Garden" is about a couple they have no mutual understanding with each other. Frank, the husband is very worried about the situation because his wife is not adjusting herself with him. One day, Mr. Frank and his wife, decided to visit a seaside village. They reached their required to place. Frank wanted to visit the garden with his wife. But his wife did not want to visit the garden in the company of her husband. She asked him to stroll alone. When he went out, she also came out from her room and reached the seaside garden. There she met her ex- lover. Mr. Archie. She was grieved to see her ex-lover as a mad man. It was a very strange and unexpected situation for her. She asked him whether, he recognized her. He replied in yes but actually, he could not recognize her. Archie saluted her strongly and left the place. Before this experience, the young wife had different beautiful ideas in her mind but now everything shattered. The person whom she meets in the garden has become a shadow of the real man. Now, he has no sense. He cannot recognize anyone. He has become very miserable. Conclusion: The title of the story is very suitable and appropriate because the Story is about the past life of the wife. Actuality, there was a shadow in the mind of girl· Now, this shadow is removed. The shadow in the garden indicates the shadow of that is prevailed all the time over near mind. This shadow causes the strained owns between her and her husband.
12. A CONVERSATION WITH MY FATHER
Q: 1"A conversation with My Father" is a story about generation gap? What was the cause of conflict between the writer and her old father? Why does Grace Paley fail to write a story in keeping with the sensibilities of her father's times? 2009 The daughter and her father are both living in their proper age’s set- ups. 2005
Ans: The story "A Conversation with My Father" is about a wide gulf between old and new generation. The writer writes a story, on the request of her father who is a patient and unable to walk. She often writes real incidents stories. The story is about a mother who has a junkie son. She wishes that her son should give up drug-addiction. Having very close contact with her son the mother also becomes junkie and does not pursue, her son to give up drug addiction. Later on, a preaching girl succeeds in convincing the junkie son of the old woman. He gives up the use of drugs and tries his best to convince his mother, to give up drugs-addiction but all in vain. The young preacher and the son of the old woman marry and leave her alone. She often cries out for her son. Here, the author finished the story. The father finds many objections in the story. He asks her daughter to write the story, giving all the necessary details and social background of the character. The story must have proper beginning, middle and end. Conclusion: At the end, we can say that every generation has his own principles and values and they stick to them. The old generation is very touching about their values. The two generations cannot agree with each other because they live in different worlds.
Q: 2 what is the first version of the story? ☆ Write a note on the title of the story "A Conversation with My Father"
Ans: The story "A Conversation with My Father" is actually a discussion between authoress and her father. The authoress tells that her father was an old man of eighty-six. He requested her to write a story like that of his favorite’s writers, Chekhov, Guyed, Maupassant and Turgenev. She agreed to do so because she wanted to please her father at any cost. She wrote a story about an incident that happened in her street many years ago. The story was about a woman and her son of fifteen years, who lived in a small apartment. The son became a junkie. Her mother also became junkie because she had close relation with her son. After sometime the boy gave up addiction. He tried his best to convince his mother to give up it but all in vain. The boy left her mother alone. The mother was very grieve, helpless and deserted. The father of the writer was not satisfied with that story because his daughter had not told the proper detail of the story and the characters. The father finds many objections in the story. He asks her daughter to write the story, giving all the necessary details and social background of the character. The story must have proper beginning, middle and end. Conclusion: This is a fantastic short story which brings out the contrast between the two generations. It also elaborates the concept of the short story and now it can be written in a most successful way. It is a manifestation of the sensibilities of a conversation between a father and a daughter, therefore, the title of the story is 'A Conversation with My Father'.
What is the second version of the story?
Ans: In this story, the writer discusses the changing ways of expressing life in literature. A literary piece should deal with realistic characters, their lives and their problems. A story in which things happen automatically and in an orderly way is no more appealing. In the second version, the writer told her father that there was a woman across the street. She had a son whom she loved very much. In his youth, he became a junkie. He was very intelligent boy. He wrote many essays in his high school. He worked hard in this field and became very popular. His mother also became a drug addicted by living in his company. Her kitchen became a center of writers. All these writers were addicted. Once, her son was watching a movie in a cinema. He met a young preacher. She offered him apricot and nuts. She talked to him using sweet words. The boy fell in love with her. He gave up his habit of addiction under the influence of love and preaching of the girl. The young preacher and the son of the old woman tried their best to bring the mother to normal life but failed. They left her alone. The mother could not change her. She often cried out for her son. The writer ended the story at this and was sure that her father would like it. Her father listened the story attentively and admired her nice sense of humor but objected at the end of the story. Conclusion: The story is in fact a comment on the kind of modern fiction in which effect is not granted by the cause and characters are not properly developed and portrayed.
Q: 4 write a character sketch and objection of Grace's father on her story writing? Ans: This story 'A Conversation with my Father by Grace Paley is a story of generation gap. This generation gap exists everywhere and in every age. Although a lot of things have been written on this topic yet in this story, the writer has described this in a very unique and different way. Father of the writer is of eighty-six. He always remains in his bed. Physically, he is disable but mentally, he is healthy. He himself has been a doctor and has practiced as a doctor for twenty years. He is very fond of classical literature. His favorite writers are Maupassant, Chekhov, and Turgenev etc. He advises his daughter to write a story like favorite writers. Mostly, he entertains the stories in which the writer gives Detaille description of the character with proper social background. (1)According to him, the writer should describe the full detail of color of hair, skin and eyes of the characters. (2)He is fond of simple stories and does not like compline. (3)He is a conservative type of person who lives in the past. He is against the new trends of modern generation. He is a lover of old moral values. (4)He does not like the stories which have no positive moral lesson Me readers. (5)Being an old and mature person he does not live in imagination. Conclusion: According to him, there should be realism in the stories. He advises his daughter that the end of the story should be clear and there should be harmony between the characters and incidents.
13. THE FLY
Q: 1 what did the boss feet after his friend left the office? What is the moral lesson of the story? "They Fly" ☆ This story shows that everybody is a fly in the hands of fate.
Ans: The Fly, by Katherine Mansfield, is a story with different layers of meaning. It is a study of the cruelty of man, here represented by Boss who kills a fly while observing its courage and perseverance. It also is the story of human beings who struggle as they may are helpless before fate. Old Woodfield was a friend of boss. He came in the office of the boss and told him about the graves of his and boss son in Belgium. He did not want to make fresh the grief of the boss. The boss loved his son very much who was killed in First World War. When Mr. Woodifield left the office the boss became sad because the visit of Mr.Woodified brought him back to the old memories, the memories of his son. He ordered his servant not to let anyone in the office and bent forward in his comfortable chair. Being alone, he covered his face with his two hands. He wanted to weep but could not. He was lost in the thoughts of his son. In his imagination, he saw the open grave of his of his son in which his son was lying with uniform. His son was very intelligent and handsome. He had great hope for the future for his son. At the death of his son, he wept a lot and told everyone that time could not reduce his grief, because he had labored a lot to train his son in business. Conclusion: The main theme or moral lesson of the story is: "There is no escape from death." Everything has to taste death, sooner or later. This story also shows that everybody is a fly in the hands of fate no one can save himself or herself from the hands of it.
Q2: How and why the boss killed the fly? "There is no escape from death". Every living thing has to taste death Sooner or later...
Ans: Mr. Woodifield was a retired old man. One day, he called his ex-boss. The son of Mr. Woodifield and boss were killed fighting in the 1st world war. He told the boss that last week his daughters visited the graves. He also told the boss that the graves were being well looked after. After sometime Woodfield left the office and went to his home. The boss was lost in his grief. He bent on his comfortable chair and covered his face with his hands. He wanted to weep but could not. He stood up from his chair. He wanted to do something. He was lost in the thoughts of his son. Just at that time, a fly fell into his inkpot. The fly tried a lot to come out of it but could not. The boss took out his pen and picked the fly out of the inkpot. He kept it on the blotting paper. It laid there for some time. After some time, it spread its wings and was ready to fly. Suddenly, there came an idea in the mind of the boss. He put a heavy drop of ink on the fly. The fly tried its best to clean itself. The boss again put his pen into the inkpot and poured a drop of ink on the fly which was about to fly. The fly drowned in the heavy drop of the ink. He repeatedly, this action five times, the fly died. He lifted to the dead fly and threw it into the dustbin. After reading the story, we can say that everybody is a fly and there is no escape from death. Every animal has to taste death, sooner or later. Conclusion: In short, as fate has killed Boss's son, he has killed the fly. This is how the strong and the powerful oppress the weak and put them to death. This timid activity makes the Boss forget his grief for the time stand.
Q: 3 Is the story "The Fly “about the conquest of time over grief? 2007
Ans: The Fly, by Katherine Mansfield, is a story with different layers of meaning. It is a study of the cruelty of man, here represented by Boss who kills a fly while observing its courage and perseverance it also is the story of human beings who struggle as they may are helpless before fate. Mr.Woodifield, an old retired person comes to see his close friend and former boss. He is cordially welcome by his boss. During the course of their talk , Mr Woodifield tells his boss that last week his daughters went to the graves of his Reggie" as well as the boss's son. The story does now show any single word of grief spoken by Woodifield in the brace of Reggie, his only son who died perhaps six years ago. Secondly, Woodifield himself did not go to Belgium to visit his son's grave and stead sent his daughters there. Thirdly, by saying that his daughters had "a look at poor Reggie’s grave”, Woodifield implies that even his daughters visited the graves merely as a picnic spot without shedding any tear for the two dead youths. Fourthly, the Boss never went during these six years to his son's grave as of the expression of his grief. Fifthly, Woodifield's talk reminds the boss of his dead son but soon he kills a fly and again becomes as much forgetful of his son as before. These 5 points prove that this story portrays the conquest of time over grief. Conclusion: As the time passed, the boss took courage and started to take part in the activities of his business. The engagements of the business became source to lessen the grief of the boss. We can say that the story "The Fly" in about the conquest of time over grief.
Q: 4 what does the title "The Fly" mean? Everybody in the story is fly2011 Write a note on the symbolic significance of the story. 2005-2007 What does the killing of fly by the boss signify? 2012 Ans: The story "The Fly" is about the conquest of time over grief. It is a symbolic story that can be interpreted in many ways. Every character of the story stands for another. 1. The fly is a symbol of all the little birds, animals, insects and poor human beings who are killed mercilessly by the cruel hands of fate. 2. The boss in the story represents, the cruel fate as the boss killed the fly, and similarly, the fate also snatched away his only son from him. It normally happens that the strong kills the weak creatures. 3. The fly is also a symbol of helpless and poor people who are living in different countries of the world like slaves and are also being killed by their cruel leaders. 4. The boss in the story is also a symbol of cruel dictators who are killing the innocent people of the world without any sound reason but just for fun. 5. The grave yard is a symbol of sorrow, pain and end of human struggle. It is the last destination of human beings. 6. In this story the fly also symbolizes a human beings treated mercilessly in the hands of destiny. This means that every man or woman on earth is like a helpless fly in the inkpot of this world. It is certain that everybody is a symbol of helplessness before his fate. After reading the story, we can say that everybody is a fly and there is no escape from death. Every animal has to taste death, sooner or later. Conclusion: In short, the Boss is the symbol of the strong and the powerful. The fly is the symbol of the weak and the helpless. Time is the symbol of conquest and peace against our grief. The theme of the story is "There is no escape from death. Every living thing has to taste death sooner or later”.
14. A PASSION IN THE DESERT
Q: 1 Describe the escape of French soldier from the African Arab?
Ans: The story "A Passion in the Desert" is about the imprisonment, escape love of a French soldier with the she-panther. In 1946, a French soldier was caught by the Moors in Egypt. These Arabs took him in the desert, away from the river, the Nile. Their purpose was to have a great distance between him and French army. So, they travelled swiftly in day time and slept only at night. They installed to their camps near a well that was covered with the palm trees. They tied the hands and feet of the soldier. They ate some dates and gave fodder to their horses and slept. When the soldier saw his enemies asleep, he side a dagger with the help of his teeth. He cut his cords and freed himself. He took rifle, some dried dates and escaped on a horse. After traveling in a long distance, his horse died. Then he was alone in the desert. He became hopeless for his survival. Loneliness, tiredness and despair our developed in him a suicidal attitudes. He decided to do to kill himself with a bit but after sometime he encouraged himself and walked. He reached near a hill in the evening. Some palm trees were also grown on that place. The green sight consoled to him a lot. He lays on a rock and went to sleep. Conclusion: Balzac was basically a novelist and he wrote stories at a great speed. His vision is really amazing. In this story, he has combined many elements to exert a peculiar impact on readers. The writer wants to say that human beings and animals may lead to peaceful life in secure atmosphere.
0:2 why did the soldier kill the panther? * What were the reasons for the murder of panther 2004? Who wins in the trial of love? The soldier or the she panther. 2013 What is the moral lesson of the story? 2006
Ans: A French soldier fell into the hands of the Arab African he got a chance and away He reached near a There, he saw a cave and decided spend a night there. Being tired he slept very soon. During his sleep at night, the soldier was disturbed by a strange noise in the cave. As he woke up, he was shocked to find a she-panther in the cave been First, he decided to kill the site-panther but he feared that he might aim when he saw, the drops of blood on the muzzles of the she-panther, he thought that she had eaten some animal. He consoled himself that she hungry. When the sun rose, she opened her eyes. She looked at him and came close to soldier passé his hand over her body from head to tail. The she- panther replied he the same love. They became friends and enjoyed each other’s company. He called her Magnonni which was the name of his beloved. One day, the soldier saw a bird was flying in the air at noon. He left the she-panther to see that bird clearly, the she-panther became sad at his attention towards the bird. He felt that she had become jealous. When the bird disappeared, the she- panther caught the leg of the soldier in her mouth very softly. The soldier thought that she would eat his leg, so he thrust his dagger into throat and killed her. Conclusion: That was indeed the tragic and pathetic end of the story friendship and love between a French soldier, a man and a she panther, a beast. He wept bitterly. Then he was prepared to pay any cost or price to see her alive again but vain. It is, however, the panther, and not the soldier, who wins in the trial of love.
Q: 3 discuss the story as a Fantasy or Fairy Tale. 2012 ☆ A Passion in the Desert is a fantasy, 2005
Ans: A fantasy is a story in which characters and events are often unreal, factitious and imaginative. According to this definition 'A Passion in the desert’ is really a fantasy. In this story, a love affair between a panther and human has been described. We know this is not possible in reality. The story "A Passion in the Desert” is about a man and a lioness they came near each other. They lived and played together like true and sincere friends. They had not any fear in their hearts about each other. The soldier moved his hands over her whole body from head to tail. She wagged her tail with pleasure. She was a beautiful panther with curved tail and spotted skin. The soldier played with her ears, passed his hand over her belly and touched her head. The panther was also madly involved with soldier. She licked his shoes with her rough tongue, and removed all the dust. One day, the soldier saw a bird that was flying in the air at noon. He left the she-panther to see that bird clearly, the she-panther became sad at his attention towards the bird. He felt that she had become jealous. When the bird disappeared, the she- panther caught the leg of the soldier in her mouth very softly. The soldier thought that she would eat his leg, so he thrust his dagger into throat and killed her. The whole incident shows that such kinds of things are not possible in reality. The panther is a beast. Such things can only be possible in fantasies. Conclusion: The story is a fantasy in the sense that the love of human being with a beast is un-natural because a beast is naturally and instinctively man’s enemy, unless it is tamed.
Q: 4 discuss the story “A Passion in the Desert” as a tragedy or tragic love story?
Ans: A tragedy is a play or a story of a serious kind with sad end. The story “A Passion in the Desert” is also a serious story with sad end. This story is about a French who escaped from the African Arabs. He reached in the heart of a vast desert and slept in a natural cave. At midnight, he woke up and saw a she-panther in the cave. First, he thought to kill the panther with a bullet but he could not do so. In the morning, the she-panther awoke me near him. The soldier encouraged himself and put his hand on her body. She responded him by wagging her tail soon they became friends. He played with her ears, and touched her belly. She also showed her love by looking at him with eyes full of love. The soldier was not afraid of she-panther because she always expressed love to him. He patted her. Thus, the story deals with a serious theme. There is nothing funny and humorous in it. This story has a tragic end. One day, the she-panther caught the leg of the soldier in her mouth very softly. The soldier thought that she would eat his leg. He killed the she-panther with his dagger. After killing the she-panther, the soldier felt great remorse. He wanted to bring her back to life at any cost but it was impossible. Conclusion: It was only due to misunderstanding that he killed her for which he felt an extreme regret and remorse. In this respect, he tells us 'It was as though I had murdered a real person." It is a tragic story because from the beginning to the end it is full of suspense and the story has a tragic end.
0:5 describe the end of the French soldier's passion for the panther by killing her and his regret afterwards. ☆ What is the moral lesson of the story "A passion in the Desert" 2013 ☆ it is the panther and not the soldier who wins in the trial of love. 2008 ☆ Why did the soldier kill the panther and there after wanted to pay any cost to see her alive? 2006 Ans: The story "A Passion in the Desert" is about a man and a lioness. They came near each other. They lived and played together like true and sincere friends. They had not any fear in their hearts about each other. The French soldier and the panther-were very fond of each other’s will. The panther could not tolerate separation from him. One night, the soldier tried to escape while she was sleeping. She chased him and forced him to go back. She felt great jealous whenever the soldier attended to a bird in the air. One day, a bird hovered over him in the air. The soldier began to look at it. The panther could not tolerate it. The man did not know that he had hurt her feelings. She looked at him, turned round with rage and caught hold of his leg gently. He thought that the animal would devour him. So, he drew his dagger and plunged deep into her throat. She rolled over and gave a cry. He saw her dying. She was still looking at him without anger. He was very repentant of this act. He was deprived of a good and sincere companion in the desert. He was ready to give everything to bring Her to life again. He felt as if he had murdered a real person. It is the panther and not the soldier who wins in the trial of love. Conclusion: A slight misunderstanding had caused his tragedy. The moral of the story is that we should try to understand others and should not act one-sided. Any misunderstanding between the parties should be discussed and clarified.
15. THE LITTLE WILLOW
Q:1 How did Simon and Lisby come close to each other? Ans: In the short story, "The Little Willow" Francis has brought into light love as everlasting force. It is the matter of feelings and a complex state. Even, the low themselves are unware of its real meanings. Simon Byrne was an army officer. He came court-house with his friend, who interested in playing Piano. Simon was introduced to the three sister Charlotte Brenda and Lisby. He was highly impressed, by Lisby's simplicity, the younger sister of Charlotte and Brenda. Simon felt as if he were in the company of a good and true friend. Lisby was very sim and innocent, mostly she remained silent. She loved only two things. One was dark picture in the living room and other was a little willow tree prepared by some Chinese craft man both the lovers had same nature. They both did not express their love to each other's face. Lisby was a noble and straight-forward girl. Simon found that they had common qualities. The things that made Lisby laugh made him laugh too. On the last day Lisby came to see him off the door. She gave Simon a little-willow tree as a token of love. Simon Byrne received, the little-willow tree from Lisby and felt much pleasure. Both the lovers wanted to embrace t each other but could not. Lisby requested him to come again. Simon promised to come in spirits if not in the body. Simon was killed in the war and could not come for ever. Conclusion: The story, “The Little Willow” describes the death of silent love. It hints at the delicate and tragic aspects of true love. The moments of true love although temporary and short lived are of great value in the life of human beings.
Q:2 What does little-willow tree signify.2005 What is the significance of the title "The Little Willow”.2008 Simon keeps the little willow as a token of Lisby's love, which gives him strength till his death. 2012 ..
Ans: 'The Little Willow’ is a symbolic story which is about the true untold love, between Lisby and Byrne. A symbol is used to enhance the meaning of something else. It brings the hidden meaning of the object to view. The willow is the story has great symbolic importance. The little-willow tree stands for love of Simon and Lisby. It was a small decoration piece of green color, made of green stone and crystal. Lisby bought it from an antique shop. It was made by a Chinese artist. Lisby fell in love with Simon Byrne who was a grace and modest gentleman. Lisby' was also a quiet, calm, innocent and simple young girl. She loved Simon but did not express her love to his face. According to her, the untold and silent love was more deep and sincere than the declared one. After receiving the little Willow tree from Lisby, Simon felt a great pleasure. He praised the little willow. He also said that he often used to dream of such a willow tree. Simon was highly impressed by the innocence of Lisby. He kept the little willow with him even in the war. That tree was smashed into pieces when a shell fell on it. The breaking of willow tree indicates separation or of Simon and Lisby forever. As the little willow tree is beautiful, attractive, innocent, pure and clear as was the love of Simon and Lisby. The little willow tree represents their simple and pure love that they did not express to each other. Conclusion: Thus the little willow tree becomes a symbol of the true untold love between Lisby and Byrne. He keeps the little willow tree as a token of Lisby's love that gives him solace and strength before and at the time of his death. He dies as a whole man, perfect in his faith in love and this defeats death with a little willow tree.
Q:3 Discuss the tragic story of Lisby's love in your own words 2007 * Discuss the theme of the story "The Little Willow.". Bring out the pathos in the story "The Little Willow'2011
Ans: Three sisters Charlotte, Brenda and Lisby lived in a court house, near London. The two elder sisters Charlotte and Brenda were very social. They were also very fashionable. The younger sister Lisby was very sensitive and sincere. She was simple and innocent. One day, an army officer Simon, came there. He was a young and graceful soldier. When Lisby saw him, her heart gave a little leap. Simon had a fine taste of music and painting. Lisby and Simon loved each other but they did not express their love. They had same liking and disliking all the things which made her laugh, made him laugh too. Simon had to leave her and go to the battle field Lisby gave him a little willoe tree as a token of love. She had bought it from an antique shop, with the money of her salaries as a teacher. It was a masterpiece of a Chinese artist. Lisby requested Simon, to come again. He promised to come in spirit if not in body. He looked at her and turned away. Lisby was told by Captain Simon was a prisoners in the camp and died last year. That was a great shock to Llisby. The innocent love story of Simon and Lisby has a tragic end. Conclusion: In a nutshell we can say that Lisby is the pivotal character of the story. The whole story is woven about her character. She is simple, honest and true from the core of her heart.
Q:4 Campare and contrast the three sisters? Ans: Lisby is the younger sister of Charlotte and Brenda who are living in a house court-house, near London. Lisby is quite different from her two sisters not only in her appearance but also in her behaviours, towards other people. She is very simple and straight forward. Lisby is not glamorous, outwardly but has a marvelous soul. She loves sincerity, simplicity, and straight-forwardness. She does not flirt anyone. She gives company to those who are ignored by her elder sisters because they are neither handsome nor good conversationalists. Lisby is also kind and loving to those who are rejected by her sisters. Her love is selfless, genuine and sincere. Charlotte and Brenda are just flirts who pose to be in love with young soldiers but take no time to forget them. Both Brenda and charlotte are beautiful sexually attractive and fashionable, but they lack the real feelings. They take the death of young men causally was. They are beautiful but fuel and feeling less.- They lack the inner beauty of soul. They are hypocrite in their treatment sets and manners with army officers. The younger sister Lisby is quite different from her sisters. She is simple, silent and sincere. Conclusion: The two elder sisters dazzle like powerful electric lights. Their beauty overpowers. There is something cruel about them. Lisby's beauty on the other hand, shines quietly like soft moonlight. It brings comfort and peace to those who can distinguish beauty from glamour.