Journey the Chindwin Myanmar
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Damaged Health Facilities in the Flooded Areas Sagaing - (As of 18 August 2015)
Myanmar Information Management Unit Damaged Health Facilities in the Flooded Areas Sagaing - (As of 18 August 2015) 94° E 95° E 96° E N N ° ° 5 5 2 Nanyun Lay Shi 2 Lahe India Hkamti Homalin Lay Shi KACHIN Homalin Banmauk Homalin IndawKatha TamuPaungbyin PinlebuWuntho Tigyaing Mawlaik Kawlin India Kyunhla Kalewa Kanbalu Kale Taze Mingin Ye-U Khin-U TabayinShwebo Kani AyadawWetlet Yinmabin Pale MyinmuSagaing SalingyiMyaung Banmauk Banmauk Indaw Paungbyin Tamu Indaw Tamu Katha Paungbyin Ah Hlaw Pinlebu Katha Put Thar N Wuntho N ° ° 4 4 2 Pinlebu 2 Min Tha Mee Wuntho SAGAING Tigyaing Kawlin Myaung Gyi CHIN Kawlin Tigyaing Mawlaik Gway Tauk Taw Mawlaik Kyunhla Kale Kalewa Kyunhla In Daing Gyi Kyi Kone Kale Kalewa Kanbalu Zin Ka Le U Yin SHAN Kanbalu Kin Pun Chon (Kin Mun Chon) Taze Hto Mar Pauk Taw N N Inn Din ° ° 3 3 2 2 Kone Yin Taze Mingin Na Nwin Chaung Ye-U Pauk Aing Legend Kin Ye-U Khin-U State/Region Capital Mingin Khin-U Main Town Ohn Ma Tabayin Tabayin Type of Health Facilities District/Tsp Hospital Shwebo Shwebo Kani Station Hospital RMHCANDALAY Budalin Kani SRHC Budalin Wetlet Aing Taung Wetlet Type of Damage Ayadaw Fully Damaged Partially Damaged DAatyaa Sdaouwrces: Ministry of Health Base Map: MIMU Monywa Equipment Needs Yinmabin Boundaries: WFP/MIMU Monywa Township Damaged Place names: Ministry of Home Affairs Yinmabin Health Facilities (GAD) translated by MIMU Sagaing MAGWAY Township Boundary N N ° Map IDM: MyiInMmUu1326v01 ° 2 2 2 Pale Mandalay City 2 Salingyi Production Date: 10 September 2015, A3 State/Region Boundary Chaung-U Salingyi Pale Projection/Datum: MGyeinogmruaphic/WGS84 Chaung-U International Boundary Kilometers [email protected] Sagaing 0 10 20 40 www.themimu.info River and Stream Myaung 94° E 95° E Myaung 96° E Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.. -
Economic Opportunities on the Myanmar-India Border Sagaing Region Profile Location
Economic Opportunities on the Myanmar-India Border Sagaing Region Profile Location: northwest side of Myanmar Shared borders: Sagaing Region shares a long border with India, where it is adjoined to the State of Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, and Manipur. It also shares a boundary with Kachin State, Shan State, Magway Region and Mandalay Region. Area: 93,527 sq.km (the second largest constituent unit of Myanmar) Population: 5,325,347 (according to the Myanmar National Population and Housing Census 2014), or 10.3 percent of the total population of Myanmar. Population density: 56.8 persons per square kilometer, which ranks 9th in state population density in Myanmar. For the population in urban and rural areas, the census results showed that for every 100 persons, 83 persons live in rural areas while 17 persons live in urban areas. Economy Overview: Agriculture is the mainstay of the local economy in Sagaing. Although the main common crop is rice, Sagaing is the main producer of wheat. Other crops are sugarcane, sesame, millet, peanuts, pulses, cotton, and tobacco. Sagaing is the local with main rivers for transportation, communication and trade. The region also has some agro-industrial activities such as rice mills, edible oil mills, saw mills, cotton mills, and mechanized weaving factories. In the other hand, natural resources as gold, coal, salt have been extracted and small amounts of petroleum also produced from the region. Kalewa Kalewa has a population of 56,432 people. It is a small township situated on the conjunction of major rivers. With 35 village tracts and 3 urban wards, the administration reported 85 percent of population living in rural areas. -
Geographic Study of Quality of Life in Layshi Township, Naga Land In
Geographic Study of Quality of Life in Layshi Township, Naga Land in Myanmar By May Thu Naing1 Abstract This research Paper is to assess the quality of life (QOL) of the native residing within Layshi Township in Naga Land of Myanmar which lies adjacent to the north- western edge of Myanmar and near the boundary of Naga Land of India. Although Layshi Township situated in the Naga Hill Region and is connected with the most important transportation route connecting with the town of Homalin in Sagaing Region of Myanmar which lies in the Flat Plain Region, it has many Socio–economic problems. The data required for this research are obtained from the residents of 331 households from 32 villages out of 67villages within Layshi Township, through the questionnaires using Random Sampling Method as well as from the information received at the Administrative Departments of various offices. The methods used for the research paper are Human Resources Development Index (UNDP,2007), UNESCAP Region 1995 and Myanmar Human Resources Development Indicators(2011) in accordance with the 9 indicators, 45 Variables and the Spatial Analysis within the four parts of the Township. In analyzing this research, it is found that the daily status or level of living standard of the residents within Layshi Township of Naga Land in Myanmar needs to be promoted by making plans and programmes in order to upgrade then daily quality of life (QOL). Key words – Quality of Life, Living Standard, Human Development Index, Spatial Analysis Aims and Objectives The main objectives of this research work are: (1) To examine the geographic factors controlling the quality of life, (2) To assess the quality of life of the native residing within the township of Layshi and (3) To suggest the implementation of development programmes in the study area. -
Piloting River Basin Management in the Bago Sub-Basin, Experiences And
RAPPORT L.NR. 7304-2018 Piloting river basin management in the Bago Sub-basin, experiences and recommendations Norwegian Institute for Water Research REPORT Main Office NIVA Region South NIVA Region East NIVA Region West NIVA Denmark Gaustadalléen 21 Jon Lilletuns vei 3 Sandvikaveien 59 Thormøhlensgate 53 D Njalsgade 76, 4th floor NO-0349 Oslo, Norway NO-4879 Grimstad, Norway NO-2312 Ottestad, Norway NO-5006 Bergen Norway DK 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (45) 39 17 97 33 Internet: www.niva.no Title Serial number Date Piloting the river basin management in the Bago Sub-basin, experiences 7304-2018 19.11.2018 and recommendations Author(s) Topic group Distribution Ingrid Nesheim, Marianne Karlsen, Zaw Win Myint, Toe Aung, Zaw Lwin Water resources Open Tun, Hla Oo Nwe management Geographical area Pages Myanmar 50 + appendices Client(s) Client's reference Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation Myanmar The Norwegian embassy in Yangon, Myanmar Printed NIVA Project number 12377 Summary The aim of the IWRM project has been to pilot the development of a coordinated River Basin Management Plan. The report presents the procedures applied and the experiences gained as part of this pilot in the Bago River Sub-basin during the period 2015 - 2018. The report explains the basic principles for River Basin Management Approach and provides a brief overview of the history of water management in Myanmar including public participation. The report describes and reflects on, the efforts undertaken in the project to delineate the administrative Sittaung River Basin Area with Sub-basin Areas. -
2.1.18 Myanmar Port of Kalewa
2.1.18 Myanmar Port of Kalewa Port Overview Port Picture Description and Contacts of Key Companies Port Performance Berthing Specifications General Cargo Handling Berths Port Handling Equipment Container Facilities Customs Guidance Terminal Information Multipurpose Terminal Grain and Bulk Handling Main Storage Terminal Stevedoring Hinterland Information Port Security Port Overview The port of of Kalewa consists of a passenger boat ramp located in the center of Kalewa and a general cargo facility located East at the fork of the Chindwin river and the Myitthar river. There are no jetties or berths, vessels moor at the riverbank and use gangways. Kalewa port is relatively busy with the transport of construction materials and functions as a hub between Monywa, Hommalin, Khamti, Kale, and Tamu. The Myitthar river between Kalewa and Kale is only accessible for 100 MT capacity boats during rainy season (Mid- June to Mid-Nov) as the maximum channel draft in the dry season is only 0.61m (2 ft). There is no port in Kale and boats moor at the riverbank and use gangways for loading and unloading. Since Kalewa and Kale is only 40 km apart and the road network is accessible all year round, general cargo is mainly transported by road from Kalewa to Kale, Tamu, and northern Chin State. The average draft of the channel from Kalewa to Khanti is 6m deep (20ft) in the wet season and in the dry season it significantly drops to 0.75m (2.5ft). There is enough mooring space and there are no bottle necks. No handling equipment is available, loading and unloading with manual labour. -
AROUND MANDALAY You Cansnoopaboutpottery Factories
© Lonely Planet Publications 276 Around Mandalay What puts Mandalay on most travellers’ maps looms outside its doors – former capitals with battered stupas and palace walls lost in palm-rimmed rice fields where locals scoot by in slow-moving horse carts. Most of it is easy day-trip potential. In Amarapura, for-hire rowboats drift by a three-quarter-mile teak-pole bridge used by hundreds of monks and fishers carrying their day’s catch home. At the canal-made island capital of Inwa (Ava), a flatbed ferry then a horse cart leads visitors to a handful of ancient sites surrounded by village life. In Mingun – a boat ride up the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) from Mandalay – steps lead up a battered stupa more massive than any other…and yet only a AROUND MANDALAY third finished. At one of Myanmar’s most religious destinations, Sagaing’s temple-studded hills offer room to explore, space to meditate and views of the Ayeyarwady. Further out of town, northwest of Mandalay in Sagaing District, are a couple of towns – real ones, the kind where wide-eyed locals sometimes slip into approving laughter at your mere presence – that require overnight stays. Four hours west of Mandalay, Monywa is near a carnivalesque pagoda and hundreds of cave temples carved from a buddha-shaped moun- tain; further east, Shwebo is further off the travelways, a stupa-filled town where Myanmar’s last dynasty kicked off; nearby is Kyaukmyaung, a riverside town devoted to pottery, where you can snoop about pottery factories. HIGHLIGHTS Join the monk parade crossing the world’s longest -
The Chindwin (Upstream)
THE CHINDWIN (UPSTREAM) The loveliest of rivers. In the past we only offered this during the monsoon due to water levels, but now our ultra low draught Pandaws can sail through to February. The river carves it way through mountains and forests and we stop at delightful unspoilt little towns. Our objective, Homalin is the capital of Nagaland and close to the India border. We will ply the Upper Chindwin weekly between Monywa and Homalin. Monywa is under three hours from Mandalay and the car transfer is included with the cruise. Homalin is now connected by scheduled flight with Rangoon and Mandalay. High Water & Low Water Itineraries: The Monywa to Homalin (and vv) itinerary sails from July to August and October to November (it is the itinerary you can see on our website). We have a revised itinerary from Monywa to Kalewa (and vv) operating December to February. Please contact us for more details. Please note river banks can be steep and walks through villages are on the daily program. Medium fitness is requiered. Late bookings: please note that Chindwin expeditions need Your voyage rates include one way domestic flight JUL-NOV: special permits, which can take up to 3 weeks Yangon/Mandalay-Homalin resp Homalin-Yangon/Mandalay and for DEC-FEB: Yangon/Mandalay-Kalewa resp Kalewa-Yangon/Mandalay. ITINERARY DAY 1 MONYWA 01432 507 280 (within UK) [email protected] | small-cruise-ships.com Afternoon excursion to see Thandboodi Temple, Bawdhi Morning explore Mawlaik replaced Kindat as the administrative Tahaung statue and the night market in the evening. -
Water Quality Monitoring in the Chindwin River Basin
POLICY BRIEF Water Quality Monitoring in the Chindwin River Basin Introduction Key findings The Chindwin River is a major tributary of the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar and provides critical ecosystem services • The Chindwin River is vital for the transport of people for domestic water use, irrigation, mining, transport and local and goods, providing water for household use including livelihoods. Over the past two decades, Myanmar’s rapid drinking water and farming (agriculture and livestock), economic development has resulted in a number of changes to and local fisheries. the socio-economic and ecological conditions in the Chindwin Basin including pollution, river bank erosion, sedimentation • Water quality is deteriorating caused by land-use chang- and decreasing river flows that affect both water quality and es, including deforestation, leading to increased soil quantity. erosion, sedimentation and turbidity. Since 2015, the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) Asia • Upstream mining operations for gold, jade and copper are Centre, in collaboration with Myanmar Environment Institute leading to heavy metal contamination of the river. (MEI), along with other state and local partners, undertook water quality monitoring at various sites along the Chindwin • Standard water quality tests near dense rural settle- River. The monitoring and assessment of water quality in the ments, show low levels of dissolved oxygen and high Chindwin River was undertaken bi-annually during the wet levels of organic matter along the entire stretch of the and dry seasons between 2015 -2017. Chindwin River. Water quality study • Laboratory results of water quality monitoring confirmed elevated levels of heavy metal contamination of mercury, The main objectives of the Chindwin River water quality study copper and arsenic, which pose serious health risks to were to build capacity of local stakeholders in water quality people and the river ecosystem, particularly in the Uru monitoring, to understand the current status of water quality, river, a tributary of the Chindwin. -
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel Thomas J. Miceli
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel University of Connecticut Thomas J. Miceli University of Connecticut Working Paper 2013-29 November 2013 365 Fairfield Way, Unit 1063 Storrs, CT 06269-1063 Phone: (860) 486-3022 Fax: (860) 486-4463 http://www.econ.uconn.edu/ This working paper is indexed on RePEc, http://repec.org THEOCRACY by Metin Coşgel* and Thomas J. Miceli** Abstract: Throughout history, religious and political authorities have had a mysterious attraction to each other. Rulers have established state religions and adopted laws with religious origins, sometimes even claiming to have divine powers. We propose a political economy approach to theocracy, centered on the legitimizing relationship between religious and political authorities. Making standard assumptions about the motivations of these authorities, we identify the factors favoring the emergence of theocracy, such as the organization of the religion market, monotheism vs. polytheism, and strength of the ruler. We use two sets of data to test the implications of the model. We first use a unique data set that includes information on over three hundred polities that have been observed throughout history. We also use recently available cross-country data on the relationship between religious and political authorities to examine these issues in current societies. The results provide strong empirical support for our arguments about why in some states religious and political authorities have maintained independence, while in others they have integrated into a single entity. JEL codes: H10, -
India-Myanmar-Bangladesh Border Region
MyanmarInform ationManage mUnit e nt India-Myanmar-Banglade shBord eRegion r April2021 92°E 94°E 96°E Digboi TaipiDuidam Marghe rita Bom dLa i ARUN ACHALPRADESH N orthLakhimpur Pansaung ARUN ACHAL Itanagar PRADESH Khonsa Sibsagar N anyun Jorhat INDIA Mon DonHee CHINA Naga BANGLA Tezpur DESH Self-Administered Golaghat Mangaldai Zone Mokokc hung LAOS N awgong(nagaon) Tuensang Lahe ASSAM THAILAND Z unhe boto ParHtanKway 26° N 26° Hojai Dimapur N 26° Hkamti N AGALAN D Kachin Lumd ing Kohima State Me huri ChindwinRiver Jowai INDIA LayShi Maram SumMaRar MEGHALAYA Mahur Kalapahar MoWaing Lut Karimganj Hom alin Silchar Imphal Sagaing ShwePyi Aye Region Kalaura MAN IPUR Rengte Kakc hing Myothit Banmauk MawLu Churachandpur Paungbyin Indaw Katha Thianship Tamu TRIPURA Pinlebu 24° N 24° W untho N 24° Cikha Khampat Kawlin Tigyaing Aizawal Tonzang Mawlaik Rihkhawdar Legend Ted im Kyunhla State/RegionCapital Serc hhip Town Khaikam Kalewa Kanbalu Ge neralHospital MIZORAM Kale W e bula TownshipHospital Taze Z e eKone Bord eCrossing r Falam Lunglei Mingin AirTransport Facility Y e -U Khin-U Thantlang Airport Tabayin Rangamati Hakha Shwebo TownshipBoundary SaingPyin KyaukMyaung State/RegionBoundary Saiha Kani BANGLA Budalin W e tlet BoundaryInternational Ayadaw MajorRoad Hnaring Surkhua DESH Sec ondaryRoad Y inmarbin Monywa Railway Keranirhat SarTaung Rezua Salingyi Chaung-U Map ID: MIMU1718v01 22° N 22° Pale Myinmu N 22° Lalengpi Sagaing Prod uctionApril62021 Date: Chin PapeSize r A4 : Projec tion/Datum:GCS/WGS84 Chiringa State Myaung SourcData Departme e : ofMe nt dService ical s, Kaladan River Kaladan TheHumanitarian ExchangeData Matupi Magway BasemMIMU ap: PlaceName General s: Adm inistrationDepartme (GAD)and field nt Cox'sBazar Region sourcTransliteration e s. -
Thai-Burmese Warfare During the Sixteenth Century and the Growth of the First Toungoo Empire1
Thai-Burmese warfare during the sixteenth century 69 THAI-BURMESE WARFARE DURING THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY AND THE GROWTH OF THE FIRST TOUNGOO EMPIRE1 Pamaree Surakiat Abstract A new historical interpretation of the pre-modern relations between Thailand and Burma is proposed here by analyzing these relations within the wider historical context of the formation of mainland Southeast Asian states. The focus is on how Thai- Burmese warfare during the sixteenth century was connected to the growth and development of the first Toungoo empire. An attempt is made to answer the questions: how and why sixteenth century Thai-Burmese warfare is distinguished from previous warfare, and which fundamental factors and conditions made possible the invasion of Ayutthaya by the first Toungoo empire. Introduction As neighbouring countries, Thailand and Burma not only share a long border but also have a profoundly interrelated history. During the first Toungoo empire in the mid-sixteenth century and during the early Konbaung empire from the mid-eighteenth to early nineteenth centuries, the two major kingdoms of mainland Southeast Asia waged wars against each other numerous times. This warfare was very important to the growth and development of both kingdoms and to other mainland Southeast Asian polities as well. 1 This article is a revision of the presentations in the 18th IAHA Conference, Academia Sinica (December 2004, Taipei) and The Golden Jubilee International Conference (January 2005, Yangon). A great debt of gratitude is owed to Dr. Sunait Chutintaranond, Professor John Okell, Sarah Rooney, Dr. Michael W. Charney, Saya U Myint Thein, Dr. Dhiravat na Pombejra and Professor Michael Smithies. -
The Military Force of Toungoo Dynasty in the 16Th Century During the Burmese-Siamese War
Journal of Literature and Art Studies, July 2021, Vol. 11, No. 7, 527-537 doi: 10.17265/2159-5836/2021.07.012 D DAVID PUBLISHING The Military Force of Toungoo Dynasty in the 16th Century During the Burmese-Siamese War XING Cheng Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110169, China Toungoo Dynasty was a powerful feudal regime in the history of Burma. Upon the rise of Toungoo Dynasty, it sought to extend territory by arms, starting to have wars with the Empire Ming (China), Ayutthaya Dynasty (Siam/Thailand) and Lan Xang (Laos). The war between Burma and Siam lasted for more than two centuries, from 1548 to 1810. However, from strategy view, the whole Burmese-Siamese War was the game between China (Ming and Qing Dynasties) and Burma (Toungoo and Konbaung Dynasties). In the whole process, most of the fierce battles took place in the 16th century, the inception phase of the war. So, the 16th century was a very important period for us if we want to have a research on the military force of Toungoo Dynasty. Keywords: Burma, Toungoo Dynasty, Tabinshwehti, Bayinnaung, Siam, Ayutthaya Dynasty Ⅰ Introduction Toungoo Dynasty was an important feudal regime in the history of Burma which was built by military means. This system deeply influenced the development of Burma. Until modern times, in Burma, military governments still appear now and then. In the 16th century, Burma had the best military potentials in Southeast Asia because of its special military system, letting it have the ability to mobilize a large army when the wars came. Benefiting from the Empire Ming’s conservative policy and the relatively weak military power of other Southeast Asian countries, Toungoo Dynasty rapidly started its expansion.