Historic Jacksonville: Semi-Centennial, 1902-1952

Jacksonville State University JSU Digital Commons Alabama History & Culture Special Collections 1952 Historic Jacksonville: Semi-Centennial, 1902-1952 Annie Rowan Forney Daugette Edith Schoonmaker Wilson Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/lib_ac_alhist Part of the Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Daugette, Annie Rowan Forney and Wilson, Edith Schoonmaker, "Historic Jacksonville: Semi-Centennial, 1902-1952" (1952). Alabama History & Culture. 1. https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/lib_ac_alhist/1 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Collections at JSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Alabama History & Culture by an authorized administrator of JSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HISTORIC JACKSONVILLE ENTON COUNTY, Alabama, was created December 18, 1832, after B the successful conclusion of the Creek Indian War. Into this lovely country, with its soft somnolent ridges and scattered hills, its virgin wood lands, clear streams, and cool springs, poured settlers from the Carolinas, Georgia, and elsewhere, many with their households and slaves. They bought their land, in many instances, from the Indians, who stubbornly remained until transported forcibly by General Thomas C. Hindman and his Federal troops, and who gave names to Ladiga and Chinabee Streets and Choccolocco and Ohatchee Creeks. As a magnet, the little town of Drayton, which soon, in honor o f Old Hickory, became Jacksonville, attracted many, and held others who had first planned to journey through. They chose their homesites, set up their houses, mostly unpretentious, but, soundly built from the native timber or bricks made from the local soil by slaves; developed their social and eco nomic life; established their congregations and erected their churches. From the first they showed an interest in educating their children. A suc cession of schools attested their education-mindedness. One lovely old school building still stands, though now a private home, and the State Teachers College is the natural outgrowth of the first community. The town was especially attractive to lawyers, and many who gained distinction else where moved to Jacksonville, seemingly, as a reward for their labors. Upon the tranquillity of the thriving community broke the War Be tween the States. An omen of what was to come occurred when the county name was changed on January 29, 1858 from Benton, for the now unpopular opponent of the extension of slavery, Senator Thomas H. Benton, to Cal houn, for John C. Calhoun. The town was soon sending its sons to what were at first distant battlefields: Major John Pelham, the “ Gallant Pelham” ; two generals, John H. and William Henry Forney; and the great majority of its male citizens. But the war came closer, Jacksonville being on the direct route to the important Confederate arsenal in Selma. In 1864, first General Beauregard, then Generals Wheeler, Polk, and B. M. Hill, made the town their headquarters: Finally came the occupation by the Federal troops, and the Old South was no more. But the Old South still lives in the hearts of the old families, and many of its new citizens, in story and legend; and in the bricks and timbers of its early houses, which, however altered and veneered, still bespeak the earnest faith, the family affection, and the sturdy sincerity of those who erected them, not only for immediate uses, but for generations to come. ANNIE ROWAN FORNEY DAUGETTE HE publication of Historic Jacksonville was made possible through the cooperation T of the Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce for the celebration of the Semi-Centen nial of the General John H. Forney Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It is the work of Annie Rowan Forney Daugette, a charter member of the chapter organized in February, 1902. Being born in an atmosphere of culture and love of country has made her an ardent worker in religious, patriotic, and civic organizations of her community and state from early womanhood. She is modest and unassuming, but possesses the ability of a sympathetic, tireless leader in anything she undertakes. In recognition of her fifty years of service to the organization, the Alabama Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, bestowed upon her the honor of Life President at the annual convention in Gadsden, Ala bama, May 8-10, 1952. No organization has contributed as much to the welfare of the community and the preservation of the rich and glorious history of Jacksonville as the General John H. Forney Chapter, largely because of the inspired leadership of Annie Rowan Forney Daug ette, wife of the late Dr. C. W. Daugette. The photographs for this volume were made, at her own expense, by Mrs. Edith Schoonmaker Wilson, at present of Jacksonville, but originally of West Field, Massa chusetts. Her generosity with her time and equipment is another and notable example of the enrichment of the life of Jacksonville, as is apparent within these pages, by our adopt ed “ Yankees.” While insisting on the individuality of her past, Jacksonville is conscious and glad that the Great Division of our country is now nearly one hundred years behind us. Dan W. Gray, President August 12, 1952 Chamber of Commerce THE CROW CORNER HE oldest of Jacksonville’s business don, Virginia, a merchant, landowner and buildings was erected in 1838 as a slaveowner, and Clerk of the Circuit Court T from its establishment for twenty or more “ house of entertainment” by Aaron years. This remained the Crow home until Haynes. In 1870 James Crow bought it 1928; since then it has been used as a and moving into town, used it as a resi business building. It now houses Gray’s dence. James Crow was a native of Abing Mercantile and Hatcher Drug Company. MASONIC BUILDING IRAM Lodge No. 42, F. and A. M., meeting house by the Methodists and the H having been organized in 1837, upper floor for Masonic meetings. In 1888, when the Methodists erected their own combined with the Methodists of Jackson church, it was taken over by the Masons, ville in 1839 to construct this notable and has been in their complete possession building, the lower floor to be used as a ever since. Page Three PUBLIC SQUARE HE first Court House of Benton and a new building erected to the south T County, now Calhoun, was created east of the Square. Bricks from the Court in 1832 on this spot, then the center of the House were used in building of the Rowan- town of Drayton. In 1836, after Andrew Dean Store, now occupied by H. Brown Jackson’s defeat of the Creek Indians, the and Company. In 1910 the Confederate name of the town was changed to Jackson Monument was erected on the Square by ville. With the increasing unpopularity of the John H. Forney Chapter U.D.C., and Senator Benton in Alabama, the name of bears the following four inscriptions: the county was changed in 1858 to Cal Facing N orth : “ CSA 1861-1865 Con houn. From the old Court House depart ed the Tenth Alabama Regiment for active federate Soldiers” duty in the War Between the States. Be Facing South : “ Erected by the General fore this, the building witnessed an in John H. Forney Chapter U.D.C. in memory teresting ceremony when, to quote the diary of Carolyn Woodward of December 8, of the gallant Confederate soldiers of Cal houn County.” 1860, “The young ladies of Jacksonville presented our Calhoun guards with a Facing East: “Times change, men oft Southern Standard. It was made of blue satin. On one side was painted a cotton en change with them, principles never.” plant bearing 15 bolls. At its topmost branch was a miniature crown. The op Facing W est: “ Let none of the Survi posit e side represented Alabama with a vors of These men offer in their Behalf the shield and sword. After the ceremony of Penitential Plea, ‘They Believed they were presentation we repaired to the Court right.’ Be it ours to Transmit to Posterity House where we listened to the impressive our Unequivocal Confidence in the Righteous eloquence of Judge Martin” . n e s s of the Cause for which these men In 1883 the Court House was torn down died.” Page Four FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH HE present Baptist Church is the had won a first prize at an exposition in T fourth building occupied by the New York City. The auditorium was divid congregation. Organizing in March 1836, ed for the men to sit on one side and the women on the other; a gallery was provid the Jacksonville Baptists erected a church ed for a choir and a basement for slaves to on a lot which included the Big Spring. A hold services in. few years later the church was moved to In April 1935 the General John H. the lot, near the cemetery, now owned by Forney Chapter erected the boulder bear Dr. Charles Cayley, and about 1845 was ing the inscription: “ From this Baptist again moved to a lot on Ladiga Street near Church was held on March 31, 1863, the the present home of Mr. John Nisbet. The funeral of Major John Pelham. Eulogy by committee for the present building was Chancellor Foster. Religious services by first appointed in August 1854, and began the Reverend Mr. Smith, Presbyterian the building in 1855. When the framing minister. Colonel John H. Caldwell, Mar was well up it was completely demolished shal of the Day. Pallbearers were W. M. by a wind storm. The present building was Flemming, J. B. Forney, J. H. Wright, Dr. completed, however, and dedicated in J.

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