Alabama Civil War Trail
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Alabama Civil War Trail 150 YEARS Alabama Civil War Trail ontgomery was chosen as provisional capital of the Confederate States of America. In April 1861, the order to commence hostilities originated in M Alabama. In 1865, some of the last battles fought in the war occurred on Alabama soil. From beginning to end, explore this fascinating period in American history on Alabama’s Civil War Trail. Jefferson Davis figurine, available for purchase in the State Capitol Gift Shop Civil War Attractions & Sites 1 Alabama Department of Archives & History 3 Arlington Antebellum Home & Gardens The Department of Archives Union Gen. James H. Wilson’s mounted and History houses one of the invasion force came through Elyton in March finest Civil War artifact collec- 1865. The mansion is said to have served as tions in the nation. Included are headquarters when the decision was made flags, uniforms, weapons and to send part of Wilson’s force to Tuscaloosa equipment used by Alabama’s while the main body proceeded to Selma. The soldiers and sailors as well as mansion, an outstanding example of Greek items used on the home front. Revival architecture, dates from the 1840s The new Museum of Alabama, and is furnished with 19th-century decorative art. After the war, now under development, will feature additional items from Arlington’s owner helped establish the new city of Birmingham. the collections. Those wishing to research Civil War history 331 Cotton Ave., Birmingham will have access to thousands of documents, photographs and 205-780-5656, www.informationbirmingham.com books. 624 Washington Ave., Montgomery 4 Athens 334-242-4363, www.archives.state.al.us Athens changed hands a number of times during the war. One example occurred in May 1862 when Union troops under Col. 2 Alabama State Capitol J.B. Turchin burned and looted the town. Another was when Alabama’s Capitol, the Confederate cavalry under Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest which has been called captured the town in September 1864. “A Confederate Inde- Athens-Limestone Chamber of Commerce pendence Hall,” served 101 S. Beaty St., Athens as the very first Capitol 256-232-2600, www.tourathens.com of the Confederacy. Jefferson Davis was 5 Berman Museum of World History sworn in on its west The collection includes traveling pistols, which were portico as president of presented to Jefferson Davis by the Belgian government, the Confederate States as well as major examples of Civil War weaponry. of America on Feb. 18, Lagarde Park, 840 Museum Dr., Anniston 1861. A bronze star marks the spot. 256-237-6261, www.bermanmuseum.org The Senate Chamber looks as it did in 1861 when the Confederate Convention met and drafted its constitution. 6 Bessemer Hall of History Museum The House Chamber is where the ordinance of secession was The museum includes a Civil War collection relating to the passed in 1861, withdrawing Alabama from the Union. In 28th Alabama Regiment. 1886, Davis returned and set the cornerstone of the Confeder- 1905 Alabama Ave., Bessemer ate Monument on the grounds, honoring Confederate soldiers 205-426-1633, www.bessemerchamber.com and sailors. Davis’ body laid in state in the Capitol’s Supreme Court chamber. 7 Blue & Gray Museum of North Alabama 600 Dexter Ave., Montgomery Civil War military equipment on display includes guns, 334-242-3935 swords, rifles, bayonets and uniforms. www.preserveala.org 723 Bank St. N.W., Decatur, 256-350-4018 2 Alabama Civil War Trail 8 Brierfield Ironworks Historical State Park 13 “Damn the Torpedoes!” Civil War Trail The Confederate government purchased the furnace in 1863, By 1864, Mobile was the only open port on the Gulf of added a second furnace and rolling mill, and turned out high Mexico with river and rail connections to the Confederate quality iron for the production of cannon and armor plating interior. Supplies brought into Mobile helped keep the Con- for ironclads. In March 1865, the Union 10th Missouri Cav- federate armies in the field. Union Admiral David G. Farragut alry burned down the Brierfield Ironworks. launched a joint navy-army operation in August 1864 to shut 240 Furnace Pkwy., Brierfield down the the forts guarding Mobile Bay, climaxing with his 205-665-1856, www.brierfieldironworks.com vow to “Damn the torpedoes” protecting the city. This trail 9 with interpretive signage stretches from Gulf Shores to Mo- Confederate Memorial Park bile and recounts the fighting that led to the fall of Mobile. A unique museum tells the story of Gulf Shores and Orange Beach Tourism the men whose conduct left a legacy 3150 Gulf Shores Pkwy., Gulf Shores of bravery, honor and devotion to 800-745-SAND, www.gulfshores.com duty during wartime, and courage in the face of adversity during peace- 14 Decatur Civil War Walking Tour time. The museum has an extensive This self-guided walking tour of nine sites begins at the Old collection of Civil War uniforms, State Bank, Alabama’s oldest bank, one of only four buildings weapons and equipment. The 102- standing after the 1864 Battle of Decatur. The bank was also a acre park includes Alabama’s only wartime hospital. Confederate soldiers’ home, the residence of hundreds of war Decatur/Morgan County CVB veterans and widows between 1902 and 1939. Also on the 719 6th Ave., SE, Decatur grounds are two cemeteries, a church, a post office, trails and 800-524-6181, www.decaturcvb.org pavilions. There is a Confederate flag large enough to be seen from I-65. 15 Dred Scott Home Site 437 County Rd. 63, Marbury Dred Scott, the plaintiff in the legendary Scott v. Sanford 205-755-1990, www.preserveala.org case, was brought to Huntsville as a slave in 1818 and lived in 10 Alabama for 12 years. In its now infamous decision, the U.S. Buffalo Soldiers Monument Supreme Court ruled against Scott 7-2 in 1857, saying that A bronze statue depicting 10th Cavalry Sgt. George blacks — whether free or slave — could not be citizens of the Berry riding up Cuba’s San Juan Hill carrying the United States. Historic marker. regimental flag sits on the campus of the Academy for Oakwood Rd., Oakwood College, Huntsville Academics and Arts magnet school. Hundreds of Buffalo 256-726-7000 Soldiers from the all-black 10th U.S. Cavalry camped where the school now stands. 16 Emma Sansom Monument 2800 Poplar Avenue, Huntsville On May 2, 1863, teenage heroine Emma 256-428-7600 Sansom bravely volunteered to lead Con- federate Gen. Forrest’s troops through en- 11 “Confederate Rest” & National Cemetery emy gunfire, helping them find a shallow at Magnolia Cemetery ford near her home where they could cross The “Confederate Rest” section of the Gadsden’s Black Creek. Her uncommon cemetery has a memorial to the men valor helped Confederate forces overtake who died aboard Mobile’s C.S.S. Hun- and capture the retreating Union Col. Streight and his entire ley submarine, plus the graves of 1,100 command of 1,466 men in Cedar Bluff. Confederate war dead. The National Gadsden-Etowah Tourism Board Cemetery section is the resting place for 90 Walnut St., Gadsden, 888-565-0411 Union soldiers who fell during the Battle of Fort Blakeley, including African-American soldiers from 17 First White House of the Confederacy Gen. Hawkins’ 1st Division. This 1835 Italianate-style house was the 1202 Virginia St., Mobile home of President and Mrs. Jefferson 251-432-8672 Davis while Montgomery served as the 12 Cornwall Furnace Park Confederacy’s capital. Many cabinet The Confederate government commissioned this cold blast fur- meetings were held here. First Lady Va- nace to produce the iron that went into some of the Civil War’s rina Howell Davis, a Natchez belle, was first weapons. Union forces destroyed the furnace in 1864. admired for her hospitality and political Off Ala. Hwy. 9, two miles east of Cedar Bluff savvy. The home displays period pieces from the era and family heirlooms. 256-927-8455 644 Washington Ave., Montgomery, 334-242-1861 3 Alabama Civil War Trail 18 Forrest-Streight Route Spanish Fort on the night of April 8, 1865, orders were issued A sequence of running battles between Confederate to take Blakeley by assault. The general advance began at Gen. Forrest and Union Col. Streight’s “Lightning 5:25 p.m. on April 9, six hours after Gen. Lee surrendered Mule Brigade” began with the Battle of Day’s Gap. to Gen. Grant at Appomattox, Va. The 3,500 Confederate For details on the marked route, stop by the Crooked defenders were overpowered, and Fort Blakeley fell in one of Creek Civil War Museum in south Vinemont. the last battles of the Civil War. Battleground to Cedar Bluff Ala. Hwy. 225, Spanish Fort 251-626-7175, www.blakeleypark.org 256-739-2741 23 19 Fort Morgan State Historic Site Historic Fort Gaines A museum details the history of the Federal operations against forts Gaines and Mor- fort including its nationally famous gan were one of the rare combined land/sea role in the Battle of Mobile Bay. On operations of war. After the U.S. fleet suc- Aug. 5, 1864, U.S. Admiral Far- cessfully entered Mobile Bay and destroyed ragut’s fleet of 18 vessels, includ- the Confederate fleet, the U.S. army began siege ing 4 ironclad monitors, attempted operations on land. Soon the forts were bombarded day and to enter Mobile Bay, guarded by night by artillery fire from land and sea. Fort Gaines surren- forts Morgan, Gaines and Powell. Farragut was forced to dered on Aug. 8; Fort Morgan on Aug. 23, 1864. run the narrow gauntlet in front of the heavy artillery of Fort 51 Bienville Blvd., Dauphin Island Morgan.