Human Language Computing in Indian Languages - a Holistic Perspective
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Written Examination Will Consist of the Following Papers :— Qualifying Papers
MAIN EXAMINATION: The written examination will consist of the following papers :— Qualifying Papers : Paper-A (One of the Indian Language to be selected by the candidate from the Languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution). 300 Marks Paper-B English 300 Marks Papers to be counted for merit Paper-I Essay 250 Marks Paper-II General Studies-I 250 Marks (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society) Paper-III General Studies -II 250 Marks (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations) Paper-IV General Studies -III 250 Marks (Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management) Paper-V General Studies -IV 250 Marks (Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude) Paper-VI Optional Subject - Paper 1 250 Marks Paper-VII Optional Subject - Paper 2 250 Marks Sub Total (Written test) 1750 Marks Personality Test 275 Marks Grand Total 2025 Marks Candidates may choose any one of the optional subjects from amongst the list of subjects Government strives to have a workforce which reflects gender balance and women candidates are encouraged to apply. given in para 2 below:— NOTE : The papers on Indian languages and English (Paper A and paper B) will be of Matriculation or equivalent standard and will be of qualifying nature. The marks obtained in these papers will not be counted for ranking. (i) Evaluation of the papers, namely, 'Essay', 'General Studies' and Optional Subject of all the candidates would be done simultaneously along with evaluation of their qualifying papers on ‘Indian Languages’ and ‘English’ but the papers on Essay, General Studies and Optional Subject of only such candidates will be taken cognizance who attain 25% marks in ‘Indian Language’ and 25% in English as minimum qualifying standards in these qualifying papers. -
Efficacy of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in Enhancing Assertiveness and Social Maturity in College Students 1 R
International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journal Journal of Indian Health Psychology VOL. 13, NO. 1, September, 2018 Editors Prof. Rajbir Singh Prof. NovRattan Sharma Owned, Printed & Published by Dr. N.K. Singh, F-4, ‘Hari Sadan’, 20, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 Printed at: R.K. Offset, Naveen Shahdara, Delhi-110032. Journal of Indian Health Psychology Journal of Indian Health Psychology is a biannual Journal devoted to interdisciplinary research publication with the objective of furthering an understanding of scientific relationships between behavioural principles on one hand and health issues on the other. This journal shall provide a forum to integrate the theoretical, empirical and application based knowledge in this area. The distinctive feature of the journal will be to include a special section of the articles based on Indian perspectives of health psychology and behaviour. Dissemination of the knowledge among the professionals and upcoming researchers will go a long way in benefiting the masses at large. Research carried out at individual, group and community level are welcome. To enter your subscription for outstanding biannual research journal Journal of Indian Health Psychology Please fill out and return the Order Form below (or a copy there of) SUBSCRIPTION ORDER FORM Please enter my subscription to Journal of Indian Health Psychology Volume.............................................................................................. No. ................................................................................................... Year................................................................................................... SUBSCRIPTION RATES Print Price Online Price Online + Print Price Rs. $(US) • Rs. $(US) • Rs. $(US) • Annual 3000 150 100 4500 225 100 6000 300 200 Two Years 6000 300 200 9000 450 300 12000 600 400 Five Years 16000 800 450 24000 1200 500 32000 8000 1000 I enclosed a cheque/DD/MO/of Rs./$/• ..............cheque/DD No....................... -
A New Research Resource for Optical Recognition of Embossed and Hand-Punched Hindi Devanagari Braille Characters: Bharati Braille Bank
I.J. Image, Graphics and Signal Processing, 2015, 6, 19-28 Published Online May 2015 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/) DOI: 10.5815/ijigsp.2015.06.03 A New Research Resource for Optical Recognition of Embossed and Hand-Punched Hindi Devanagari Braille Characters: Bharati Braille Bank Shreekanth.T Research Scholar, JSS Research Foundation, Mysore, India. Email: [email protected] V.Udayashankara Professor, Department of IT, SJCE, Mysore, India. Email: [email protected] Abstract—To develop a Braille recognition system, it is required to have the stored images of Braille sheets. This I. INTRODUCTION paper describes a method and also the challenges of Braille is a language for the blind to read and write building the corpora for Hindi Devanagari Braille. A few through the sense of touch. Braille is formatted to a Braille databases and commercial software's are standard size by Frenchman Louis Braille in 1825.Braille obtainable for English and Arabic Braille languages, but is a system of raised dots arranged in cells. Any none for Indian Braille which is popularly known as Bharathi Braille. However, the size and scope of the combination of one to six dots may be raised within each English and Arabic Braille language databases are cell and the number and position of the raised dots within a cell convey to the reader the letter, word, number, or limited. Researchers frequently develop and self-evaluate symbol the cell exemplifies. There are 64 possible their algorithm based on the same private data set and combinations of raised dots within a single cell. -
Nonromanization: Prospects for Improving Automated Cataloging of Items in Other Writing Systems.Opinion Papers No
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 354 915 IR 054 501 AUTHOR Agenbroad, James Edward TITLE Nonromanization: Prospects for Improving Automated Cataloging of Items in Other Writing Systems.Opinion Papers No. 3. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 92 NOTE 20p.; Version of a paper presented ata meeting of the Library of Congress Cataloging Forum (Washington, DC, July 22, 1991). A product of the Cataloging Forum. AVAILABLE FROMCataloging Forum Steering Committee, Libraryof Congress, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Reports Evaluative/Feasibility (142) Speeches /Conference Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MFO1 /PCO1 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Bibliographic Records; Classification; Cyrillic Alphabet; Ideography; Indo European Languages; Library Automation; Library Catalogs; *Library Technical Processes; *Machine Readable Cataloging; *Non Roman Scripts; Online Catalogs;Semitic Languages; Standards; *Written Language IDENTIFIERS Asian Languages; Indic Languages; MARC; *Unicode ABSTRACT The dilemma of cataloging works in writingsystems other than the roman alphabet is explored.Some characteristics of these writing system are reviewed, and theimplications of these characteristics for input, retrieval, sorting,and display needed for adequate online catalogs of such worksare considered. Reasons why needs have not been met are discussed, andsome of the ways they might be met are examined. The followingare four groups into which non-roman systems are generally divided for simplicityand features that have implications for cataloging: (1)European scripts--upper and lower case (Greek, Cyrillic, and Armenian);(2) Semitic scripts--read right to left (Hebrew and Arabic);(3) Indic scripts--implicit vowel (indigenous scriptsof India and Nepal); and (4) East Asian scripts--verylarge character repertoires (Chinese, Korean, and Japanese). Unicode, which isan effort to define a character set that includes the letters,punctuation, and characters for all the world's writing systemsoffers assistance in cataloging, and will probably becomean international standard late in 1992. -
The Gentics of Civilization: an Empirical Classification of Civilizations Based on Writing Systems
Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 49 Number 49 Fall 2003 Article 3 10-1-2003 The Gentics of Civilization: An Empirical Classification of Civilizations Based on Writing Systems Bosworth, Andrew Bosworth Universidad Jose Vasconcelos, Oaxaca, Mexico Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Recommended Citation Bosworth, Bosworth, Andrew (2003) "The Gentics of Civilization: An Empirical Classification of Civilizations Based on Writing Systems," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 49 : No. 49 , Article 3. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol49/iss49/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Bosworth: The Gentics of Civilization: An Empirical Classification of Civil 9 THE GENETICS OF CIVILIZATION: AN EMPIRICAL CLASSIFICATION OF CIVILIZATIONS BASED ON WRITING SYSTEMS ANDREW BOSWORTH UNIVERSIDAD JOSE VASCONCELOS OAXACA, MEXICO Part I: Cultural DNA Introduction Writing is the DNA of civilization. Writing permits for the organi- zation of large populations, professional armies, and the passing of complex information across generations. Just as DNA transmits biolog- ical memory, so does writing transmit cultural memory. DNA and writ- ing project information into the future and contain, in their physical structure, imprinted knowledge. -
Languages of New York State Is Designed As a Resource for All Education Professionals, but with Particular Consideration to Those Who Work with Bilingual1 Students
TTHE LLANGUAGES OF NNEW YYORK SSTATE:: A CUNY-NYSIEB GUIDE FOR EDUCATORS LUISANGELYN MOLINA, GRADE 9 ALEXANDER FFUNK This guide was developed by CUNY-NYSIEB, a collaborative project of the Research Institute for the Study of Language in Urban Society (RISLUS) and the Ph.D. Program in Urban Education at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, and funded by the New York State Education Department. The guide was written under the direction of CUNY-NYSIEB's Project Director, Nelson Flores, and the Principal Investigators of the project: Ricardo Otheguy, Ofelia García and Kate Menken. For more information about CUNY-NYSIEB, visit www.cuny-nysieb.org. Published in 2012 by CUNY-NYSIEB, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY, NY 10016. [email protected]. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Alexander Funk has a Bachelor of Arts in music and English from Yale University, and is a doctoral student in linguistics at the CUNY Graduate Center, where his theoretical research focuses on the semantics and syntax of a phenomenon known as ‘non-intersective modification.’ He has taught for several years in the Department of English at Hunter College and the Department of Linguistics and Communications Disorders at Queens College, and has served on the research staff for the Long-Term English Language Learner Project headed by Kate Menken, as well as on the development team for CUNY’s nascent Institute for Language Education in Transcultural Context. Prior to his graduate studies, Mr. Funk worked for nearly a decade in education: as an ESL instructor and teacher trainer in New York City, and as a gym, math and English teacher in Barcelona. -
Arrear List for :Dec-2016 18-01-2017 01:04:38 Page 1 of 170 Bill Group: PRIVATE (Electricity & Water Bill)
Arrear List for :Dec-2016 18-01-2017 01:04:38 Page 1 of 170 Bill Group: PRIVATE (Electricity & Water Bill) AS ON 30/12/2016 (in `) Sno Name Address E/W Arrear Lpsc Total Arrear KRISHAN DUTT 1 LAT NO 9-10 E BLOCK CON PLACE, NEW DELHI - 110001 W 4256971. 3936313. 8193284.81 35 46 PRADHAN 2 NDMC DHOBI GHAT NO 15 S AVENUE, NEW DELHI - 110001 W 4588382. 2975288. 7563670.39 07 32 PRADHAN 3 DHOBI GHAT RAJA BAZAR, NEW DELHI - 110001 W 123144.0 135430.5 258574.62 4 8 4 BILL AT SQ 28 GURUDWARA RAKABGANJ, BILL AT SQ 28 GURUDWARA W 1870537. 1277448. 3147985.41 RAKABGANJ, NEW DELHI - 110001 09 32 5 NDMC DHOBI GHAT NO 5 NM AVENUE, PT PANT MARG, NEW DELHI - W 1561247. 1061218. 2622465.95 110001 93 02 SARDAR EXHIBITORS P LTD 6 74-75 SCINDIA HOUSE, NEW DELHI - 110001 E -5194.79 5857183. 5851988.21 00 PRADHAN 7 NDMC DHOBI GHAT NO 16 NEAR HESTING LANE, NEW DELHI - 110021 W 1807752. 1165676. 2973428.87 73 14 KHALSA TENT HOUSE 8 SHOP NO 27 H C PLACE, NEW DELHI - 110001 E 2567859. 382654.3 2950513.47 11 6 J N SINGH 9 M/S BANGALI MAL & CO C PLACE, NEW DELHI - 110001 W 831272.5 1825625. 2656898.43 3 90 PRADHAN 10 H. NO-56,DHOBI GHAT DEVI PD,HEILY LANE, NEW DELHI - 110001 E 3448.07 43.18 3491.25 11 DHOBI GHAT DEVI P D SADAN, HEILY LANE, NEW DELHI - 110001 W 1522154. 1123000. 2645155.10 75 35 SECURITY WHITE HOUSE APPTT, OWNER 12 WELFARE ASSO. -
Semantic Web Query on E-Governance Data and Designing Ontology for Agriculture Domain Swaran Lata1, Bhaskar Sinha2, Ela Kumar2, Somnath Chandra1, Raghu Arora3
International Journal of Web & Semantic Technology (IJWesT) Vol.4, No.3, July 2013 Semantic Web Query on e-Governance Data and Designing Ontology for Agriculture Domain Swaran Lata1, Bhaskar Sinha2, Ela Kumar2, Somnath Chandra1, Raghu Arora3 Department of Electronics and Information Technology, New Delhi1 , India 1{slata, schandra}@deity.gov.in Gautam Buddha University ,Greater Noida, India [email protected], [email protected] W3C India ,New Delhi, India [email protected] Abstract Indian agriculture has made rapid progress on the agricultural front during the past three decades and is in a queue of the major producer in the world. But still it has long way to go and meet challenges ahead such as communication, resources, and availability at right time at right place. The web has had an amaz- ing existence and it has been the driving force for a cause to grow information across boundaries, enabling effective communication and 24x7 service availability all leading to a digital information based economy that we have today. Despite that, its direct influence has reached to a small percentage of human popula- tion. Since localization populated with India and the applications are translated and adapted for Indian us- ers. With the possible localization of spread raw formatted Indian government data, at different locations are thought to have integrated with each other using the internet web technology as – Semantic Web Net- work. Keywords Semantic web, Resource Description Framework, Ontology 1. Introduction As we know that semantic web network technology has gained superiority over the previous web technology because of its added feature of intelligence in web. -
Socio-Political Movements in North Bengal (A Sub-Himalayan Tract) Edited by Publish by Global Vision Publishing House Sukhbilas Barma
Socio-Political Movements in North Bengal (A Sub-Himalayan Tract) Edited by Publish by Global Vision Publishing House Sukhbilas Barma Kamata Language— A Brilliant Past and Tragic End Dharma Narayan Barma Long before the epic ages, North-east India was infested with different tribes namely Austric, Dravidians and Mongoloid people. The Austric people entered this region from Australia through south-eastern direction of India, Dravidians from west and Mongolians from China through North-eastern passes. And lately came the Aryans from Mid- India. In the Ramayana, we find that Naraka the foster son of king Janaka of Mithila entered Pragjotishpur and dethroned Ghataka, the Kirat king. According to Kalikapurana, Naraka on his coronation brought in many Aryans from Mithila and made them settled there permanently. Naraka was a unique warrior who demolished the neighbouring Kirat kingdoms and established an empire in Pragjyotishpur. Because of his heroic nature and might, he could easily sustain the wrath of the neighbouring tribal kings for which he was known as Asura. The appellation, ‘Asura’ does not mean demon; Rig Veda has clearly said that the term ‘Asura’ means warrior, and great hero. Dharma Narayan Barma: A retired teacher of Tufanganj High School. 212 Socio-Political Movements in North Bengal Kamrupa, an Ancient Settlement of the Aryans After Naraka, his son the famous king Vagadatta of Mahabharata, sided with the Kauravas in the Kurukshetra war and gave his daughter Bhanumati to marriage with Duryodhana, the Kaurava king. In these ways, Aryans spread towards the east (Pragjyotispura) in those days. In the 4th century B.C. -
Empire's Garden: Assam and the Making of India
A book in the series Radical Perspectives a radical history review book series Series editors: Daniel J. Walkowitz, New York University Barbara Weinstein, New York University History, as radical historians have long observed, cannot be severed from authorial subjectivity, indeed from politics. Political concerns animate the questions we ask, the subjects on which we write. For over thirty years the Radical History Review has led in nurturing and advancing politically engaged historical research. Radical Perspec- tives seeks to further the journal’s mission: any author wishing to be in the series makes a self-conscious decision to associate her or his work with a radical perspective. To be sure, many of us are currently struggling with the issue of what it means to be a radical historian in the early twenty-first century, and this series is intended to provide some signposts for what we would judge to be radical history. It will o√er innovative ways of telling stories from multiple perspectives; comparative, transnational, and global histories that transcend con- ventional boundaries of region and nation; works that elaborate on the implications of the postcolonial move to ‘‘provincialize Eu- rope’’; studies of the public in and of the past, including those that consider the commodification of the past; histories that explore the intersection of identities such as gender, race, class and sexuality with an eye to their political implications and complications. Above all, this book series seeks to create an important intellectual space and discursive community to explore the very issue of what con- stitutes radical history. Within this context, some of the books pub- lished in the series may privilege alternative and oppositional politi- cal cultures, but all will be concerned with the way power is con- stituted, contested, used, and abused. -
Writing As Language Technology
HG2052 Language, Technology and the Internet Writing as Language Technology Francis Bond Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies http://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/fcbond/ [email protected] Lecture 2 HG2052 (2021); CC BY 4.0 Overview ã The origins of writing ã Different writing systems ã Representing writing on computers ã Writing versus talking Writing as Language Technology 1 The Origins of Writing ã Writing was invented independently in at least three places: Mesopotamia China Mesoamerica Possibly also Egypt (Earliest Egyptian Glyphs) and the Indus valley. ã The written records are incomplete ã Gradual development from pictures/tallies Writing as Language Technology 2 Follow the money ã Before 2700, writing is only accounting. Temple and palace accounts Gold, Wheat, Sheep ã How it developed One token per thing (in a clay envelope) One token per thing in the envelope and marked on the outside One mark per thing One mark and a symbol for the number Finally symbols for names Denise Schmandt-Besserat (1997) How writing came about. University of Texas Press Writing as Language Technology 3 Clay Tokens and Envelope Clay Tablet Writing as Language Technology 4 Writing systems used for human languages ã What is writing? A system of more or less permanent marks used to represent an utterance in such a way that it can be recovered more or less exactly without the intervention of the utterer. Peter T. Daniels, The World’s Writing Systems ã Different types of writing systems are used: Alphabetic Syllabic Logographic Writing -
World Braille Usage, Third Edition
World Braille Usage Third Edition Perkins International Council on English Braille National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped Library of Congress UNESCO Washington, D.C. 2013 Published by Perkins 175 North Beacon Street Watertown, MA, 02472, USA International Council on English Braille c/o CNIB 1929 Bayview Avenue Toronto, Ontario Canada M4G 3E8 and National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., USA Copyright © 1954, 1990 by UNESCO. Used by permission 2013. Printed in the United States by the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, 2013 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World braille usage. — Third edition. page cm Includes index. ISBN 978-0-8444-9564-4 1. Braille. 2. Blind—Printing and writing systems. I. Perkins School for the Blind. II. International Council on English Braille. III. Library of Congress. National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. HV1669.W67 2013 411--dc23 2013013833 Contents Foreword to the Third Edition .................................................................................................. viii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... x The International Phonetic Alphabet .......................................................................................... xi References ............................................................................................................................