The Adult of Cloeodes Longisetosus (Braasch And

Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica , 28 (4) : 669 - 672 (Oct . , 2003) ISSN 100020739 动物分类学报

THEADULTOF CL O EODES LONGISETOSUS (BRAASCHANDSOLD # N, 1980) AND A REVISED DESCRIPTION OF THELARVA ( EPHEMEROPTERA,BAETIDAE)

TON G Xiao2Li1 , David DUDGEON 2 , W. P. McCAFFERTY3 1. Depart ment of Entomology , South China A gricultural U niversity , Guangz hou 510642 , China ; E2mail : xtong @scau. edu. cn 2. Depart ment of Ecology and Biodiversity , the U niversity of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China 3. Depart ment of Entomology , Purdue U niversity , West L af ayette , Indiana 47907 , USA

Abst ract The first description of the adult stage of Cloeodes longisetosus (Braasch and Soldán) is provided based on specimens reared in the laboratory from larvae collected from Hong Kong, China. These larvae also are the basis for a revised description of the larval stage of C. longisetosus. Study of the larvae confirms the placement of the species in the genus Cloeodes Traver , and C. longisetosus larvae may be distinguished from larval congeners by their relatively short maxillary palp. Male adults of C. longisetosus have a pronounced rectangular median process between the forceps bases that is unique at least among known male adult congeners, and thus indicates that such a feature may or may not be p resent in Cloeodes. Key wor ds Mayfly , Cloeodes longisetosus , adult description, larval redescription , Hong Kong.

The genus Cloeodes was established by Traver Braasch and Soldán ( 1980 ) described Cloeodes ( 1938 ) initially for a species from Puerto Rico. longisetosus ( as Centroptella longisetosa Braasch and Cloeodes is now known to be essentiall y Pantropical. Soldán) based on larval material collected b y I. Hrdy Most species occur in the Neotropics, but some are also from Liu Chui, China in 1959. However, the collec2 present in southwestern North America in the Western tion site name Liu Chui cannot be found on current Hemisphere and in the far Eastern Palearctic of the maps of China. In this paper, we redescribe the larval Eastern Hemisp here ( Waltz and McCaffert y , 1987a , stage of C. longisetosus based on material collected 1987b , 1994 ; L ugo2Ortiz and McCaffert y , 1999a ) . f rom Hong Kong, China, and provide a first descrip2 Based on this distribution pattern and the discover y of tion of the adult stage based on specimens reared in the fossil material which ma y rep resent a precursor of laboratory. Cloeodes f rom Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber ( Mc2 Cloeodes longisetos us ( Figs11215) Cafferty , 1997) , the genus clearly appears to be of Centroptella longisetosa Braasch and Soldán , 1980 : 123. Gondwanan origin. It is the only baetid genus p resent2 Cloeodes longisetosus ( Braasch and Soldán ) : Waltz and McCafferty , ly known to occur in both the Neotropical and Afro2 1987a : 177 ; 1987b : 201. Oriental Regions of the world. In recent years , new Larva. Body 3122410 mm long. Cercus 1142117 species and new records of the genus have been report2 mm long. General coloration yellowish brown. ed from Central America (L ugo2Ortiz and McCaffert y , Head. Head capsule yellowish brown with cream 1993) , the Caribbean Islands ( Kluge , 1991 ; Hof2 areas between antennal bases and at base of labrum. mann et al ., 1999) , South Africa ( Waltz and McCaf2 Antenna pale , subequal to head capsule in length ; ferty , 1994 ; McCafferty and de Moor, 1994) , Mada2 pedicel slightly longer than scape. Labrum ( Fig11 ) gascar ( L ugo2Ortiz et al ., 1999 ) , South America width app roximately 114 × length , deeply cleft antero2 ( Waltz , 1993 ; McCafferty and L ugo2Ortiz , 1995 ; medially, with dorsal submedial pair of long setae and Nolte et al ., 1996 ; L ugo2Ortiz and McCaffert y , anterior submarginal row of three to four long setae. 1999b; McCaffert y , 2000 ; Orth et al ., 2000 ; L ugo2 Incisors of angulate (left) mandible ( Fig13) f used api2 Ortiz et al ., 2002) , North America (L ugo2Ortiz and cally and with total of six denticles. Incisors of planate McCafferty , 1994 ; Waltz et al ., 1998 ; Randolp h and (right) mandible ( Fig14) separated apically and each McCafferty, 2001 ; McCaffert y et al ., 2002) , and with three denticles. Maxillar y palp two2segmented Australia (L ugo2Ortiz and McCaffert y , 1998) . and length app roximately one2half that of galealacinia

The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30170121) . Received 20 Jan. 2003 , accepted 23 Apr. 2003. 669

Figs11215. Larva and adult of Cloeodes longisetosus (Braasch and Soldán) . 1. Labrum, dorsal view. 2. Parap roct. 3. Angulate mandible. 4. Planate mandible. 5. Maxilla. 6. Legs of larva (top , foreleg; middle, midleg; low, hindleg) . 7. Hindwing pad of larva. 8. Gills ( gill 1 , 3 , 5 and 7 f rom up to down) . 9. Labium (left, dorsal; right , ventral) . 10. Head, anterior view. 11. Tarsal claw of foreleg. 12. Head, lateral view. 13. Forewing of male adult. 14. Genitalia. 15. Legs of adult (top , foreleg; middle, midleg; low, hindleg) .

( Fig15) . Labium ( Fig19) with glossa and paraglossa Thorax. Coloration uniforml y tan with few pale subequal in length ; glossa with nine or ten long , stout , spots on p ro2 and mesothorax. Hindwingpad p resent inner marginal setae; paraglossa with six to eight ven2 ( Fig17) . All legs ( Fig16 ) cream with dark brown tral inner marginal setae; labial palp three segmented , markings ; densely covered with trapezoidal scales; fe2 segment 2 with row of three long, somewhat robust mur dorsally with single , large , pale brown mark me2 dorsal setae apicomedially. dially, with row of long, stout clavate setae, and ven2

© 1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Oct. , 2003 童晓立等 : 短须滑爪蜉成虫的首次描述及其稚虫的重新描述 (蜉蝣目 , 四节蜉科) 176 trally with numerous short, robust, lanceolate setae; coll. TONG Xiao2Li ; 11 larvae, four male adults and tibia cream shading to dark brown p roximally and dis2 two female adults, Lam Tsuen River, Ma Po Mei sec 2 tally; dorsally with row of long, fine setae, and ven2 tion, nr Lam Kin Road, 29 Oct . 1997 , coll. TON G trally with row of short, robust setae; tarsus cream Xiao2Li; six larva, two male adults, Tan Shan River, shading to dark brown p roximally ; dorsally with row nr Ng Uk , 13 Feb. 1998 , coll. TONG Xiao2Li ; one of long, fine, nearly transparent setae, and ventrall y larva, Tan Chuk Hang , 18 Mar. 1998 , coll. TON G with row of short, robust setae; claw ( Fig111) aden2 Xiao2Li; one female adult, Ho Chun g River , Sai ticulate. Kung , 31 Mar. 1998 , coll. TONG Xiao2Li ; two lar2 Abdomen. Terga uniformly yellowish brown with vae, Sha Lo Tung , 8 Nov. 1998 , coll. TONG Xiao2 few pale spots ; posterior marginal spines p resent on Li; four larvae, Tai Po Kau Forest Stream, 25 Feb. terga 2210. Parap rocts ( Fig12) with numerous trape2 1999 , coll. TONG Xiao2Li; three larvae, Ma On zoidal scales on surface. Paired gills ( Fig18) p resent Shan, Tai Shui Hang , 27 Ap r. 1999 , coll. TON G on segments 127 , well tracheated, with anterior Xiao2Li. marginal serrations. Cercus pale brown; medial caudal Remarks. Larvae of C. longisetosus are easily filament slightly shorter than cercus. distinguished from other known Cloeodes larvae by Male adult. Body length 3152410 mm. Forewing their short maxillar y palp ( Fig15) which is only about 3172410 mm long. Cercus 7152815 mm long. Antenna one2half the length of the galealacinia. Male adults of length app roximately 115 × length of head capsule ; relatively few species of Cloeodes have been described flagellum pale , pedicel and scape pale brown ; pedicel in detail; however, the adults of C. longisetosus differ slightly longer than scape. Turbinate eye ( Figs110 , from those that are known b y the presence of a well2de2 12) borne on stalk; stalk light p urple apically and dark veloped rectangular protuberance between the genital brown basally. Mesonotum cream, shaded yellowish forceps bases ( Fig114) . brown laterally and anteriorly. Forewing ( Fig113 ) Waltz and McCaffert y (1987a , 1987b) described hyaline, with paired marginal intercalaries; pterostig2 the male adult of the genus Cloeodes has not having a mal areas with three or four veinlets. Le gs as in Fig16 ; median protuberance or process between the forceps length of segments of foreleg (mm) : femur 0190 ; tibia bases. That description was based on ver y few known 1106 ; tarsal segments 125 0110 , 0163 , 0142 , 0129 , male adults, and the presence of a rectangular p rocess and 0114. Abdominal segments 126 off white and in C. longisetosus , along with the presence of other translucent; segments 7210 opaque and light yellowish processes in some other Cloeodes species that have been brown. Genitalia ( Fig114) off white with a rectangu2 placed in that genus since 1987 , indicate that this lar protuberance between forceps bases, terminal seg2 character is variable at the genus level. Cloeodes penai ( ) ment elongate , length app roximately 3 × width. Cer2 Morihara and Edmunds , possesses a broad convexit y ( ) cus off white. in this area, and C. venezuelensis Traver , for ex2 Female adult. Body 3182412 mm long. Forewing ample , possesses a short, narrow, pointed p rocess in 4102414 mm long. Cercus 615 mm long. Vertex off this area. It is not entirel y without precedent that the white to cream, without pattern. Antenna as in male. development of the basal area between the forceps is variable within a baetid genus. For example , it is Thorax cream. Abdominal segments 1210 pale brown2 highly variable in the also geograp hically widesp read ish pink when eggs present. Cercus as in male. baetid genus Pseudocloeon Klap álek, and somewhat Distribution. China (Liu Chui and Hong Kong) . variable in the genus Centroptil um Eaton. Braasch and Material examined ( in alcohol, all adults are Soldán ( 1980) had not mentioned the presence of a reared specimens) . Paratype: male larva, Peopleπs Re2 row of long, fine setae on the larval tarsi. Examination public of China, Liu Chui, Kuj Fon Shan River, 11 of a paratype held at the Purdue Entomological Re2 Dec. 1959 , coll. HRDY, I. , from the collection of search Collection, however , indicates that these setae T. Soldán, PERC. Other specimens: China, Hong are indeed present in the t ype series. Kong: four larvae, Lantau Is, Sam Tsuen, nr Tai O Road , 18 J une 1997 , coll. TONG Xiao2Li ; two lar2 R EFER EN CES vae, Wu Kau Tang , 26 J une 1997 , coll. TONG Xiao2 Braasch, D. and Soldán , T. 1980. Centroptella n. gen. , eine neue Gat2 Li; one female adult, Lam Tsuen River, Channeled tung der Eintagsfliegen aus China (Baetidae , Ep hemeroptera) . Re2 section , upstream of Pak N gau Shek , 16 Oct . 1997 , ichenbachia , 18 : 1232127.

Hofmann, C. , Sartori, M. and Thomas, A. 1999. Les Ep héméroptères borowski , J. (eds. ) , Proceedings of the Seventh International Con2 ( Ep hemeroptera ) de la Guadelupe ( petites Antilles franÔaises ) . ference on Ep hemeroptera. Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville, Flori2 Mem. Soc Va udoise Sci. Nat ., 20 (1) : 1296. da. Kluge , N. 1991. Cuban mayflies of the family Baetidae ( Ep hemeropter2 McCafferty, W. P. andLugo2Ortiz , C. R. 1995. Cloeodes hydation n. a) I. Genera Callibaetis , Cloeodes , and Paracloeodes. Zoologischeskiy sp . ( Ep hemeroptera : Baetidae) : an extraordinary , drought tolerant Zhurnal , 12 : 1282136. mayfly from Brazil. Entomol . News , 106 : 29235. Lugo2Ortiz, C. R. and McCafferty , W. P. 1993. Genera of Baetidae McCafferty , W. P. , Meyer, M. D. andLester, G. T. 2002. Signifi2 ( Ep hemeroptera ) from Central America. Entomol . News , 104 : cant range extensions for southwestern Nearctic mayflies 1932197. ( Ep hemeroptera : Baetidae) . Entomol . News , 113 : 2112214. Lugo2Ortiz, C. R. and McCafferty , W. P. 1994. New records of Nolte, U. , TietbÊhl, R. S. and McCafferty , W. P. 1996. A mayfly Ep hemeroptera from Mexico. Entomol . News , 105 : 17226. from tropical Brazil capable of tolerating short2term dehydration. J . Lugo2Ortiz, C. R. and McCafferty , W. P. 1998. First report and new N. A. Benthol . Soc., 15 : 87294. species of the genus Cloeodes ( Ep hemeroptera : Baetidae) from Aus2 Orth, K. , Thomas, A. , Dauta, C. , Horeau, V. , Brosse, S. and tralia. Entomol . News , 109 : 1222128. Ademmer , C. 2000. Les ep hémères de la Guyane FranÔaise. 1. Pre2 Lugo2Ortiz, C. R. and McCafferty , W. P. 1999a. Global diversity of mier inventaire générique , à but de biosurveillance [ Ep hemeropter2 the mayfly family Baetidae ( Ep hemeroptera) : a generic perspective. a ] . Ephemera , 2 : 25238. Trends Entomol ., 2 : 45254. Randolph, R. P. and McCafferty , W. P. 2001. New species and records Lugo2Ortiz, C. R. and McCafferty , W. P. 1999b. Revision of South of Ep hemeroptera ( Insecta ) from central Mexico. Dugesiana , 8 : American species of Baetidae ( Ep hemeroptera) previously placed in 15221. Baetis and Pseudocloeon Klapálek. Ann. Limnol., 35 : 2572262. Traver , J.R. 1938. Mayflies of Puerto Rico. J . Agric. Univ. P. R., Lugo2Ortiz, C. R. , McCafferty, W. P. and Gattolliat, J.L. 1999. 22 : 5224. The small minnow mayfly genus Cloeodes Traver ( Ep hemeroptera : Waltz , R. D. 1993. Cloeodes binocularis ( Ep hemeroptera : Baetidae) , a Baetidae) in Madagascar. Proc. Entomol . Soc. Wash., 101 : 2082 new combination for a Neotropical species of Pseudocloeon s. auctt . 211. Entomol . News , 104 : 2332234. Lugo2Ortiz, C. R. , Salles, F. F. and Furieri, K. S. 2002. First Waltz, R. D. and McCafferty , W. P. 1987a. Generic revision of records of small minnow mayflies ( Ep hemeroptera : Baetidae) from Cloeodes and description of two new genera ( Ep hemeroptera : Baeti2 the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. L undiana , 3 : 792 dae) . Proc. Entomol . Soc. Wash., 89 : 1772184. 80. Waltz, R. D. and McCafferty , W. P. 1987b. Revision of the genus McCafferty , W. P. 1997. Discovery and analysis of the oldest mayflies Cloeodes Traver ( Ep hemeroptera : Baetidae) . Ann. Entomol . Soc. (Insecta , Ep hemeroptera ) known from amber. Bull . Soc. Hist . Am., 80 : 1912207. Nat . Toulouse , 133 : 77282. Waltz, R. D. and McCafferty , W. P. 1994. Cloeodes ( Ep hemeroptera : McCafferty, W. P. 2000. Notations on South American Baetidae Baetidae) in Africa. Aquat . Ins., 16 : 1652169. ( Ep hemeroptera) . Entomol . News , 111 : 3752379. Waltz, R. D., Ode, P., and Lee, J. 1998. Cloeodes excogitat us McCafferty, W. P. and de Moor, F. C. 1994. South African ( Ep hemeroptera : Baetidae) in northern California. Entomol . News , Ep hemeroptera : problems and priorities. In : Corkum, L. and Ci2 109 : 215.

短须滑爪蜉成虫的首次描述及其稚虫的重新描述 (蜉蝣目 , 四节蜉科)

童晓立1 David DUDGEON2 W. P. McCAFFER T Y3 1. 华南农业大学昆虫学系广州 510642 ,E2mail : xtong @scau.edu.cn 2. 香港大学生态与生物多样性学系中国香港特别行政区 3. 美国普渡大学昆虫学系印第安那州 47907

摘要首次描述了采自中国香港的短须滑爪蜉 Cloeodes 要区别是下颚须极短。短须滑爪蜉雄性成虫外生殖器的尾铗 longisetosus (Braasch and Soldán) 的成虫形态及重新描述了该基部具有一块近长方形的突起 , 这一特征在同属其它已知成种的稚虫形态。所有成虫标本由稚虫在实验室内饲养而成。虫中是很独特的。这也表明类似这种特征在滑爪蜉属中也许对于短须滑爪蜉稚虫的研究进一步明确了该种在滑爪蜉属存在或不存在。 Cloeodes 中的地位。短须滑爪蜉的稚虫与同属其它种类的主

关键词蜉蝣 , 短须滑爪蜉 , 成虫描述 , 稚虫重新描述 , 香港. 中图分类号 Q969121211

国家自然科学基金资助项目 (30170121) .