(Tranche 7): Design and Monitoring Framework
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CB Meeting PAK/AFG
Polio Eradication Initiative Afghanistan Current Situation of Polio Eradication in Afghanistan Independent Monitoring Board Meeting 29-30 April 2015,Abu Dhabi AFP cases Classification, Afghanistan Year 2013 2014 2015 Reported AFP 1897 2,421 867 cases Confirmed 14 28 1 Compatible 4 6 0 VDPV2 3 0 0 Discarded 1876 2,387 717 Pending 0 0 *149 Total of 2,421 AFP cases reported in 2014 and 28 among them were confirmed Polio while 6 labelled* 123as Adequatecompatible AFP cases Poliopending lab results 26 Inadequate AFP cases pending ERC 21There Apr 2015 is one Polio case reported in 2015 as of 21 April 2015. Region wise Wild Poliovirus Cases 2013-2014-2015, Afghanistan Confirmed cases Region 2013 2014 2015 Central 1 0 0 East 12 6 0 2013 South east 0 4 0 Districts= 10 WPV=14 South 1 17 1 North 0 0 0 Northeast 0 0 0 West 0 1 0 Polio cases increased by 100% in 2014 Country 14 28 1 compared to 2013. Infected districts increased 2014 District= 19 from 10 to 19 in 2014. WPV=28 28 There30 is a case surge in Southern Region while the 25Eastern Region halved the number of cases20 in comparison14 to 2013 Most15 of the infected districts were in South, East10 and South East region in 2014. No of AFP cases AFP of No 1 2015 5 Helmand province reported a case in 2015 District= 01 WPV=01 after0 a period of almost two months indicates 13 14 15 Year 21continuation Apr 2015 of low level circulation. Non Infected Districts Infected Districts Characteristics of polio cases 2014, Afghanistan • All the cases are of WPV1 type, 17/28 (60%) cases are reported from Southern region( Kandahar-13, Helmand-02, and 1 each from Uruzgan and Zabul Province). -
Humanitarian Overview - Farah Province OCHA Contact: Shahrokh Pazhman
Humanitarian Overview - Farah Province OCHA Contact: Shahrokh Pazhman February 2014 http://afg.humanitarianresponse.info/ Context: Farah province is the most contested in the Western Region with civilians in the northern, central and eastern districts significantly exposed to conflict between ANSF and AGEs. Basic services provision outside of the provincial capital is minimal. The province has few resources, while insecurity has affected the presence and activity of NGOs and the funding of Donors. Key Messages 1. The province has the highest risk profile in the Western Region and one of the highest for Afghanistan as a result of poor access to basic health services, restricted humanitarian access and exposure to drought. Insecurity severely hampers the delivery of basic services and humanitarian assistance to Bala Buluk, Bakwa, Gulistan, and Purchaman. More than a third of the population in the province suffers from poor access to health care centres and very low vaccination coverage. Access strategies as well institutional commitment by relevant departments are urgently required to improve this negative indicator. The limited presence of humanitarian organization must be offset by additional monitoring from Hirat-based regional clusters and regular engagement with provincial authorities. People in Need Population (CSO 2012) Humanitarian Organizations Transition Status Present with Current Operations 6,302 conflict IDPs from Total: 482,400 UNICEF, UNHCR, WHO, IOM, CHA, Fully transferred to the 2011 to 2013 (UNHCR) Male: 51.3% - Female: 48.7% VWO, ARCS, ICRC, and VARA Afghan National Army, 40,033 natural disaster Urban:7.3% - Rural: 92.7% 31 December 2012 affected from 2012 to 2013 (NATO). (IOM) 1,400 evicted from informal settlement (DoRR) plus 1,500 protracted IDPs living under tents since 1990s. -
1 USIP –ADST Afghan Experience Project Interviwe #1 Executive
USIP –ADST Afghan Experience Project Interviwe #1 Executive Summary The interviewee is a Farsi speaker and retired FSO who has had prior Afghan experience, including working with refugees during the period the Taliban was fighting to take over the country in 1995. He returned to Kabul in 2002 as chief of the political section, although retired, for seven months. He returned in 2003 and worked at the U.S. civil affairs mission in Herat for 6 months. He came back later in 2003 to Afghanistan working for the Asia Foundation. He worked on a PRT for approximately three months in late 2004 in Herat. The American presence was minimal when he got there. Security was excellent and the local warlord, Ismael Khan, was using revenues he siphoned from customs houses into development projects. Shortly after subject arrived in Herat, Khan was ousted in a brief battle by forces loyal to Kabul and with the threat of unrest U.S. forces were increased in the area. Our subject suggested to Khan that he make peace with the Kabul government, and he did, perhaps in part on the advice of subject. The Herat PRT had about one hundred American uniformed troops with three civilians, State, AID, Agriculture. Subject was the political advisor to the civil affairs staff, a reserve unit from Minnesota. But much of their work was soon taken over or undercut by the U.S. military task force commander brought in in response to the ouster of Khan. According to subject, the task force commander in the region saw himself as the political expert. -
(2): Delivering Public Services in Insurgency-Affected Obeh District of Herat Province
One Land, Two Rules (2): Delivering public services in insurgency-affected Obeh district of Herat province Author : S Reza Kazemi Published: 9 December 2018 Downloaded: 8 December 2018 Download URL: https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/wp-admin/post.php The matter of who governs the district of Obeh in the east of Herat province is complicated: control of the district is divided between the Afghan government and the Taleban, and shifts in unpredictable ways. The inhabitants of the district, usually via the mediation of elders, have had to learn how to deal with both sides. The dual nature of authority in Obeh is exemplified by public service delivery; it is always financed through and administered by the Afghan state but, in areas under Taleban control, it is the insurgents who supervise and monitor delivery. In this, the first of a series of case studies looking at the delivery of services in districts over which the Taleban have control or influence, AAN researcher Said Reza Kazemi investigates the provision of governance and security, education, health, electricity, telecommunications and development projects, and unpacks a dual form of governance. Service Delivery in Insurgent-Affected Areas is a joint research project by the Afghanistan Analysts Network (AAN) and the United States Institute of Peace (USIP). For the methodology and literature review, see here. Obeh district: the context 1 / 22 Approximately 100 km to the east of Herat city, linked by mainly non-asphalted roads; mountainous, cut through by fertile Harirud River valley -
Great Game to 9/11
Air Force Engaging the World Great Game to 9/11 A Concise History of Afghanistan’s International Relations Michael R. Rouland COVER Aerial view of a village in Farah Province, Afghanistan. Photo (2009) by MSst. Tracy L. DeMarco, USAF. Department of Defense. Great Game to 9/11 A Concise History of Afghanistan’s International Relations Michael R. Rouland Washington, D.C. 2014 ENGAGING THE WORLD The ENGAGING THE WORLD series focuses on U.S. involvement around the globe, primarily in the post-Cold War period. It includes peacekeeping and humanitarian missions as well as Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom—all missions in which the U.S. Air Force has been integrally involved. It will also document developments within the Air Force and the Department of Defense. GREAT GAME TO 9/11 GREAT GAME TO 9/11 was initially begun as an introduction for a larger work on U.S./coalition involvement in Afghanistan. It provides essential information for an understanding of how this isolated country has, over centuries, become a battleground for world powers. Although an overview, this study draws on primary- source material to present a detailed examination of U.S.-Afghan relations prior to Operation Enduring Freedom. Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. government. Cleared for public release. Contents INTRODUCTION The Razor’s Edge 1 ONE Origins of the Afghan State, the Great Game, and Afghan Nationalism 5 TWO Stasis and Modernization 15 THREE Early Relations with the United States 27 FOUR Afghanistan’s Soviet Shift and the U.S. -
Farah Province - Reference Map
Farah Province - Reference Map Zanda Jan Legend Pashtun Zarghun Obe !^ Shahrak Capital !!! Provincial Centre Guzara ! District Centre 34°0'N Tulak Du Layna Ghoryan Shahrak ! Village Tulak Administrative Boundaries Farsi International Province Adraskan Farsi District Saghar Transportation Elevation (meter) Adraskan GHOR Primary Road > 5000 Secondary Road 4,001 - 5,000 3,001 - 4,000 Dahan Other Road Zaghan Gero HIRAT Saghar Margha 2,501 - 3,000 Zar Sufla Kalata Taywara Malmonaik Nazar Khan Rabat Ta Shst U Hulya Taghonak Airport Kotalak Astana 2,001 - 2,500 Kalata Nazar Khan Wasat Pousht Lar Jena 33°30'N Kalata Lar Asfar Raja Sar Bala Nazar Jena Neya Mamlonak Tagaw Sufla Zowbi Par Chah Awaly Khushkawa Dilbari p 1,501 - 2,000 Gani Ghaje Afghani Zalmi Airfield Bor Khunja Dahan Ab Waridi Walema Neme Ghaza Fashanjan Zard Sar Pul Ragh Alowgak 1,001 - 1,500 Khnuk Moshtak Aba Parashte Pah Barpazai Bar Hassar Taywara River/Lake Bal Dahan Anjere Zabya Palar Ghay Hassan Bast Daka 801 - 1,000 Nalos Bast Dahi Kak Kalgay Gahltan Kajri Beri Larwest Rabat Dahi Kak Sufla Loghan Nakhshan Kalshate Hulya Spora Kotal Latar Je Mabje River/Stream Zorya Ab Mazar Shorija Pazoo 601 - 800 Gay Jam Sar Sar Tarab Tarje Charma Sar Boy Chashma Tangi Kalata Kashtwaj Zabye Ghon Zamel Gard Bolya Kamiri Nasr Khola " Baraz Kairi Pass Koh 6 Shahr Pasaband 401 - 600 Dahirena Nejraba Kalgay Jowzari Hospital Yary Shindand Hulya Rabata Karaiz Tangi Zawje Kaftsakay Nejraba Chah Kharestan Qayoum Sufla Pur Chaman Lakh " < 400 Baburi Bebe Jabri Kot 5 Praishan Sang Other health facilities -
Shindand Airbase: Use of Open-Air Burn Pit Violated Department of Defense Requirements
Special Inspector General for SIGAR Afghanistan Reconstruction SIGAR 14-81 Inspection Report Shindand Airbase: Use of Open-Air Burn Pit Violated Department of Defense Requirements JULY 2014 SIGAR 14-81-IP/Shindand Airbase Incinerators July 2014 Shindand Airbase: Use of Open-Air Burn Pit Violated Department of Defense Requirements SIGAR SIGAR INSPECTION 14-81 Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction WHAT SIGAR FOUND SIGAR found that the two U.S. Forces-Afghanistan (USFOR-A) operated WHAT SIGAR REVIEWED incinerators at Shindand Airbase were generally constructed in accordance with contract specifications and transferred to the base in In May 2011, the U.S. Army Corps of operable condition in June 2012. Further, the two U.S.-funded Engineers awarded a $4.4 million contract incinerators built for the Afghan military were transferred in August to construct solid waste management 2012 with no significant issues that would inhibit their operation. facilities, including two incinerators, at However, a USFOR-A report completed in December 2012 found that Shindand Airbase, a coalition base located the USFOR-A-operated incinerators were operating at a highly reduced in Herat province in western Afghanistan capacity due to mechanical problems and that only 35 percent of U.S.- housing approximately 4,000 U.S. and generated solid waste was being incinerated, with the remaining Afghan military personnel and contractors. burned in an Afghan-run open-air burn pit. While these incinerators At the time of the contract award, Shindand were repaired under warranty in January 2013, U.S.-generated solid Airbase was primarily using open-air burn waste continued to be sent to the Afghan-operated burn pit after these pit operations to dispose of its solid waste. -
Country Profiles
Global Coalition EDUCATION UNDER ATTACK 2020 GCPEA to Protect Education from Attack COUNTRY PROFILES AFGHANISTAN Attacks on education accelerated in Afghanistan during the reporting period. In 2018, a dramatic rise in attacks on schools occurred, almost half of which were associated with the use of educational facilities for voter registration and polling; polling-related attacks also occurred throughout the 2019 presidential elections process. Threats and attacks against students and education personnel also increased, particularly in areas of the country controlled by non-state armed groups. Context The 2017-2019 reporting period saw increased fighting between theAfghan government, international forces, and non- state armed groups, including the Taliban and the “Islamic State of Khorasan Province” (ISKP) in Afghanistan. In 2019, multiple peace talks between the United States and the Taliban took place in Qatar amidst ongoing fighting, however no peace deal was reached during the reporting period.238 Fighting between armed parties, along with targeted attacks by the Taliban and “ISKP”, caused substantial numbers of civilian casualties.239 In 2019, the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) recorded 3,403 civilian deaths and 6,989 civilian injuries – the lowest level of civilian casualties recorded since 2013.240 However, significant periods of violence occurred during the year; between July and September 2019, UNAMA recorded the highest number of civilian casualties in a single quarter since 2009.241 Violence particularly impacted young people in 2019, when the UN reported that children comprised 30 percent of all civilian causalities and 78 percent of all casualties from explosive remnants of war (ERW) and landmines.242 Rising insecurity appeared to have a negative effect on school attendance. -
The Rise and Stall of the Islamic State in Afghanistan
UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE www.usip.org SPECIAL REPORT 2301 Constitution Ave., NW • Washington, DC 20037 • 202.457.1700 • fax 202.429.6063 ABOUT THE REPORT Casey Garret Johnson This report details the structure, composition, and growth of the Islamic State’s so-called Khorasan province, particularly in the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar, and outlines considerations for international policymakers. More than sixty interviews with residents of Nangarhar and provincial and The Rise and Stall of national Afghan security officials carried out by The Liaison Office, an Afghan research and peacebuilding organization, in Nangarhar and Kabul in the spring and summer of 2016 informed this report. the Islamic State in ABOUT THE AUTHOR Afghanistan Casey Garret Johnson is an independent researcher focusing on violent extremism and local politics in Afghanistan. Summary • The Islamic State’s Khorasan province (IS-K) is led by a core of former Tehrik-e-Taliban Paki- stan commanders from Orakzai and Khyber Agencies of Pakistan; the majority of mid-level commanders are former Taliban from Nangarhar, with the rank and file a mixture of local Afghans, Pakistanis, and foreign jihadists mostly from Central Asia. • IS-K receives funding from the Islamic State’s Central Command and is in contact with lead- ership in Iraq and Syria, but the setup and day-to-day operations of the Khorasan province have been less closely controlled than other Islamic State branches such as that in Libya. • IS-K emerged in two separate locations in Afghanistan in 2014—the far eastern reaches of Nangarhar province along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border, and Kajaki district of southern Helmand province. -
Caring for Their Own: a Stronger Afghan Response to Civilian Harm
Part of the Countries in Conflict Series Caring for Their Own: A Stronger Afghan Response to Civilian Harm CARING FOR THEIR OWN: A STRONGER AFGHAN RESPONSE TO CIVILIAN HARM Acknowledgements Center for Civilians in Conflict would like to thank Open Society Foundations (OSF), which provided funding to support this research and offered insightful comments during the drafting of this report. We also appreciate the Afghan translators and interpreters that worked diligently to deliver quality research for this report, as well as those that offered us travel assistance. Finally, Center for Civilians in Conflict is deeply grateful to all those interviewed for this report, especially civilians suffering from the con- flict in Afghanistan, for their willingness to share their stories, experi- ences and views with us. Copyright © 2013 Center for Civilians in Conflict (formerly CIVIC) All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America. Copies of this report are available for download at: www.civiliansinconflict.org NOTE: Many names in this report have been changed to protect the identity of those interviewed. Cover photo courtesy of James Longley. All photos in text by Trevor Keck/Center for Civilians in Conflict. Map of Afghanistan C A m H 64 u 66 68 70 72 Mur 74 H ° D ° ° ° a-ye ° gho ° ar y b INA ya UZBEKISTAN r INA a AFGHANISTAN D Qurghonteppa TAJIKISTAN Kerki (Kurgan-Tyube) Mary Kiroya iz M rm Dusti Khorugh u e BADAKHSHAN r T g a Keleft Rostaq FayzFayzabad Abad b ir Qala-I-Panjeh Andkhvoy Jeyretan am JAWZJAN P Mazar-e-Sharif KUNDUZ -
First Edition Dec 2009 I
First Edition Dec 2009 i Purpose To ensure that U.S. Army personnel have a relevant, comprehensive guide to use in capacity building and counterinsurgency operations while deployed in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ii TABLE OF CONTENTS History ....................................................................................................................... 1 Political ..................................................................................................................... 9 Flag of Afghanistan ............................................................................................ 11 Political Map ....................................................................................................... 12 Political Structure .............................................................................................. 13 Relevant Country Data .......................................................................................... 15 Location and Bordering Countries ................................................................... 16 Comparative Area .............................................................................................. 17 Social Statistics .................................................................................................. 18 Economy ............................................................................................................. 19 Land Use and Economic Activity ..................................................................... 20 Military Operational Environment -
The Taliban Beyond the Pashtuns Antonio Giustozzi
The Afghanistan Papers | No. 5, July 2010 The Taliban Beyond the Pashtuns Antonio Giustozzi Addressing International Governance Challenges The Centre for International Governance Innovation The Afghanistan Papers ABSTRACT About The Afghanistan Papers Although the Taliban remain a largely Pashtun movement in terms of their composition, they have started making significant inroads among other ethnic groups. In many The Afghanistan Papers, produced by The Centre cases, the Taliban have co-opted, in addition to bandits, for International Governance Innovation disgruntled militia commanders previously linked to other (CIGI), are a signature product of CIGI’s major organizations, and the relationship between them is far research program on Afghanistan. CIGI is from solid. There is also, however, emerging evidence of an independent, nonpartisan think tank that grassroots recruitment of small groups of ideologically addresses international governance challenges. committed Uzbek, Turkmen and Tajik Taliban. While Led by a group of experienced practitioners and even in northern Afghanistan the bulk of the insurgency distinguished academics, CIGI supports research, is still Pashtun, the emerging trend should not be forms networks, advances policy debate, builds underestimated. capacity and generates ideas for multilateral governance improvements. Conducting an active agenda of research, events and publications, CIGI’s interdisciplinary work includes collaboration with policy, business and academic communities around the world. The Afghanistan Papers are essays authored by prominent academics, policy makers, practitioners and informed observers that seek to challenge existing ideas, contribute to ongoing debates and influence international policy on issues related to Afghanistan’s transition. A forward-looking series, the papers combine analysis of current problems and challenges with explorations of future issues and threats.