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Assessing the Role of Human Rights Protections for Sexual Minorities in HIV Prevention in Asia
Assessing the Role of Human Rights Protections for Sexual Minorities in HIV Prevention in Asia: A Meta-Analysis by JAMES EDWARD ANDERSON, B.P.A.P.M. A thesis submitted to The Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts The Norman Paterson School of International Affairs Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario March 1,2012 © 2012, James Edward Anderson Library and Archives Bibliotheque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-91560-8 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-91560-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distrbute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. -
Volume V, Issues 3-4 September 2011 PERSPECTIVES on TERRORISM Volume 5, Issues 3-4
Volume V, Issues 3-4 September 2011 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 5, Issues 3-4 Special Double Issue on Terrorism and Political Violence in Africa Guest Editors: James J. F. Forest and Jennifer Giroux 2 September 2011 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 5, Issues 3-4 Table of Contents: Articles Terrorism and Political Violence in Africa: Contemporary Trends in a Shifting Terrain ................................................................................................5 by James J.F. Forest and Jennifer Giroux Terrorism in Liberation Struggles: Interrogating the Engagement Tactics of the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta ........................18 by Ibaba Samuel Ibaba ‘Forcing the Horse to Drink or Making it Realise its Thirst’? Understanding the Enactment of Anti-Terrorism Legislation (ATL) in Nigeria .............................................................................................................33 by Isaac Terwase Sampson and Freedom C. Onuoha Opportunity Costs or Costly Opportunities? The Arab Spring, Osama Bin Laden, and Al-Qaeda's African Affiliates .............................................50 by Alex S. Wilner Al-Qaeda's Influence in Sub-Saharan Africa: Myths, Realities and Possibilities .....................................................................................................63 by James J.F. Forest From Theory to Practice: Exploring the Organised Crime-Terror Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa ...................................................................................81 by Annette -
Indigenizing Sexuality and National Citizenship: Shyam Selvadurai's
Indigenizing Sexuality and National Citizenship: Shyam Selvadurai’s Cinnamon Gardens Heather Smyth The intersection of feminist and postcolonial critique has enabled us to understand some of the co-implications of gendering, sexuality, and postcolonial nation building. Anne McClintock, for instance, argues that nations “are historical practices through which social difference is both invented and performed” and that “nations have historically amounted to the sanctioned institutionalization of gender difference” (89; italics in original). Women’s reproduction is put to service for the nation in both concrete and symbolic ways: women reproduce ethnicity biologically (by bearing children) and symbolically (by representing core cultural values), and the injunction to women to reproduce within the norms of marriage and ethnic identification, or heterosexual endogamy, makes women also “reproducers of the boundaries of ethnic/national groups” (Yuval-Davis and Anthias 8–9; emphasis added). National identity may be routed through gender, sexuality, and class, such that “respectability” and bourgeois norms, including heterosexuality, are seen as essential to nationalism, perhaps most notably in nations seeking in- dependence from colonial power (Mosse; de Mel). Shyam Selvadurai’s historical novel Cinnamon Gardens, set in 1927–28 Ceylon, is a valuable contribution to the study of gender and sexuality in national discourses, for it explores in nuanced ways the roots of gender norms and policed sexuality in nation building. Cinnamon Gardens indigenizes Ceylonese/ Sri Lankan homosexuality not by invoking the available rich history of precolonial alternative sexualities in South Asia, but rather by tying sexuality to the novel’s other themes of nationalism, ethnic conflict, and women’s emancipation. -
Based on the Sri Lankan Experience of Registration of Title System.)
South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, Vol. 19, Issue 4 (August) ISSN 2289-1560 2019 RETHINKING THE IMPORTANCE OF IDENTIFYING AND ADDRESSING THE CUSTOMARY LAWS IN THE CONTEXT OF LAND LAW MAKING PROCESS (BASED ON THE SRI LANKAN EXPERIENCE OF REGISTRATION OF TITLE SYSTEM.) Ms Buddhika Munasinghe INTRODUCTION The land is an integral part of every state. Especially land has sacred and cultural value in most of the Asian traditions apart from its social and economic value. Sri Lanka is an island state which has 25,330 sq. Mi for 21,670,000 ("Department of Census and Statistics-Sri Lanka," 2019) of population and a country which inherent legal pluralism as a result of multi-cultural ethnicity and imperialism. Further, Lands play a major and vital role in Sri Lanka, and as a country based on the agricultural economy, vast human rights such as the right to work, right to food are inseparably linked with the lands. Therefore the concept of ownership and protection of ownership of lands have crucial importance. Sri Lanka has two kinds of ownership for the lands. The first one is the ownership of state lands, and the other one is ownership of private lands. When it comes to private lands, the laws relating to private lands in Sri Lanka are governed by the General Law or the Roman-Dutch law and the personal or special laws existing in the country. All these legal systems have their own features and inherent. Derived from many different systems, Roman-Dutch Law, English law, Sinhala Law, Thesawalamei Law and Muslim Law, the law of Ceylon is rich in its source.(Tambiah, 1972, p. -
Political Violence and Its Cultural Constructions : Representations & Narrations in Times of War De Silva, P.L
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Political violence and its cultural constructions : representations & narrations in times of war de Silva, P.L. Publication date 2000 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): de Silva, P. L. (2000). Political violence and its cultural constructions : representations & narrations in times of war. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:25 Sep 2021 SELECTT REFERENCES Abeysekera.. Charles 1985: 'Ethnic Representation in the Higher State Services' in Social Scientists' Association (Editor)) Ethnicity and Social Change in Sri Lanka, Colombo: Social Scientists' Association. Alexander,, P. 1981: 'Shared Fantasies and Elite Politics: The Sri Lankan 'Insurrection' of 1971' in Mankind, Vol.! 2, No.2,, pp. 113-132. Ali,, Ameer 1981: 'The 1915 Racial Riots in Ceylon (Sri Lanka): A Reappraisal of Its Causes' \r\South Asia, Vol.4, No.2,, pp. -
Nationalism, Caste-Blindness, and the Continuing Problems of War-Displaced Panchamars in Post-War Jaffna Society
Article CASTE: A Global Journal on Social Exclusion Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 51–70 February 2020 brandeis.edu/j-caste ISSN 2639-4928 DOI: 10.26812/caste.v1i1.145 Nationalism, Caste-Blindness, and the Continuing Problems of War-Displaced Panchamars in Post-War Jaffna Society Kalinga Tudor Silva1 Abstract More than a decade after the end of the 26-year old LTTE—led civil war in Sri Lanka, a particular section of the Jaffna society continues to stay as Internally Displaced People (IDP). This paper tries to unravel why some low caste groups have failed to end their displacement and move out of the camps while everybody else has moved on to become a settled population regardless of the limitations they experience in the post-war era. Using both quantitative and qualitative data from the affected communities the paper argues that ethnic-biases and ‘caste-blindness’ of state policies, as well as Sinhala and Tamil politicians largely informed by rival nationalist perspectives are among the underlying causes of the prolonged IDP problem in the Jaffna Peninsula. In search of an appropriate solution to the intractable IDP problem, the author calls for an increased participation of these subaltern caste groups in political decision making and policy dialogues, release of land in high security zones for the affected IDPs wherever possible, and provision of adequate incentives for remaining people to move to alternative locations arranged by the state in consultation with IDPs themselves and members of neighbouring communities where they cannot be relocated at their original sites. Keywords Caste, caste-blindness, ethnicity, nationalism, social class, IDPs, Panchamars, Sri Lanka 1Department of Sociology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka E-mail: [email protected] © 2020 Kalinga Tudor Silva. -
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An Exceptional Collapse of the Rule of Law: Told through stories by families of the disappeared in Sri Lanka ISBN 962-8161-06-7 Published by Asian Legal Resource Centre (ALRC) and Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) 19th floor, Go-Up Commercial Building 998 Canton Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: +(852) 2698 6339 Fax: +(852) 2698 6367 Email: [email protected] Website: www.alrc.net / www.ahrchk.net / www.disappearances.org and Families of the Disappeared 555 Colombo Road, Kurana – Katunayaka, Sri Lanka Tel: +(94) 314870308 Email: [email protected] October 2004 Researched by Moon Jeong-ho Bruce Van Voorhis Edited by Shyamali Puvimanasinghe Printed by Clear-Cut Publishing and Printing Co. B1, 15/F, Fortune Factory Building 40 Lee Chung Street, Chai Wan, Hong Kong CONTENTS vii Mass murder and Constitutional insanity Basil Fernando 1 The killers’ list The disappearance of S. A. Chaminda Luxman Senanayake 7 Body under the bridge The disappearance of Warnakulasuriya Arachige Don Peter Michael 11 Torture chamber at the law faculty The disappearance of B. Hemantha Ajith Chandrasiri 16 Gamini is no more The disappearance of Handunkutti Pathiranehalage Gamini Sugathasiri 23 Murderers among us The disappearance of A. G. Sudath Premasiri 28 Burning bodiew for a wedding service The disappearance of Herath Mudiyanselage Ranjith, Neil Chandraratna and D. G. Wijedasa 36 What we have lost is lost completely for a lifetime The Embilipitiya disappearances 61 Betrayed by a friend The disappearance of Girambe Gedara Samarasinghe 65 The ominous van without number plates The disappearance of Galapita Gedara Karunananda 68 Crying for justice The disappearance of Ajith Rohana Gunathilaka 72 Life is priceless The disappearance of Abeygoda Gedara Gunawardana 74 Broken promise The disappearance of J.H.A. -
The Interface Between Buddhism and International Humanitarian Law (Ihl)
REDUCING SUFFERING DURING CONFLICT: THE INTERFACE BETWEEN BUDDHISM AND INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW (IHL) Exploratory position paper as background for 4th to 6th September 2019 conference in Dambulla, Sri Lanka Peter Harvey (University of Sunderland, Emeritus), with: Kate Crosby (King’s College, London), Mahinda Deegalle (Bath Spa University), Elizabeth Harris (University of Birmingham), Sunil Kariyakarawana (Buddhist Chaplain to Her Majesty’s Armed Forces), Pyi Kyaw (King’s College, London), P.D. Premasiri (University of Peradeniya, Emeritus), Asanga Tilakaratne (University of Colombo, Emeritus), Stefania Travagnin (University of Groningen). Andrew Bartles-Smith (International Committee of the Red Cross). Though he should conquer a thousand men in the battlefield, yet he, indeed, is the nobler victor who should conquer himself. Dhammapada v.103 AIMS AND RATIONALE OF THE CONFERENCE This conference, organized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in collaboration with a number of universities and organizations, will explore correspondences between Buddhism and IHL and encourage a constructive dialogue and exchange between the two domains. The conference will act as a springboard to understanding how Buddhism can contribute to regulating armed conflict, and what it offers in terms of guidance on the conduct of, and behavior during, war for Buddhist monks and lay persons – the latter including government and military personnel, non-State armed groups and civilians. The conference is concerned with the conduct of armed conflict, and not with the reasons and justifications for it, which fall outside the remit of IHL. In addition to exploring correspondences between IHL and Buddhist ethics, the conference will also explore how Buddhist combatants and communities understand IHL, and where it might align with Buddhist doctrines and practices: similarly, how their experience of armed conflict might be drawn upon to better promote IHL and Buddhist principles, thereby improving conduct of hostilities on the ground. -
The Day of the African Child 30 Years On, Where Are We Now? Page 2
The Day of the African Child 30 years on, where are we now? Page 2: Adelaide Benneh Prempeh Advancing the Welfare of children in Ghana Page 18: Maria Mbeneka Child Marriage Page 22: Presentation Judge Fatoumata Dembélé Page 23: Diarra – Mali Euridce Baptista – Angola Page 24: CLA Role of the Law in Eliminating Child Marriage 2/10/21 ADVANCING THE WELFARE OF CHILDREN IN GHANA. Presented By: Adelaide Benneh Prempeh Managing Partner B&P ASSOCIATES 1 OVERVIEW u GHANAIAN HISTORICAL CONTEXT & BACKGROUND. u THE CHILD & FAMILY PROTECTION SYSTEM IN GHANA. u LEGAL FRAMEWORK. u LEGISLATIVE REFORM IN GHANA’S ADOPTION LAW. u ADVANCING CHILDREN’S RIGHTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT- EDUCATION. 2 1 2/10/21 I. GHANAIAN HISTORICAL CONTEXT & BACKGROUND 3 In the Ghanaian context “Best interests of the Child” will includes cultural perspective and respect for customary structure. Ø Extended family environment. Ø Benefits: Children are allowed to remain in a familiar environment, still connected with their natural family; safety net for children to receive support within family and community. Ø Challenges: Lack of an enforced legal regime to govern this type of “informal family arrangement” for more vulnerable children, as well as the inherent difficulty in monitoring such social arrangements, lends itself to corporal punishment, domestic violence, sexual abuse, sexual violence and exploitation, ritual servitude (Trokosi). 4 2 2/10/21 II. CHILD & FAMILY PROTECTION SYSTEM IN GHANA. 5 2013 International Social Service Report. Ø Weaknesses in the alternative care system/ fosterage. Ø Open adoption of children. Ø Child trafficking. 6 3 2/10/21 Technical Committee Recommendations: Ø Robust child protection framework; Ø Strong regulatory and supervisory institutions; Ø Licensing and accreditation of agencies; Ø Financing of residential facilities; and Ø Comprehensive Child and Family Framework. -
The Reception of International Law in the Domestic Law of Sri Lanka in the Context of the Global Experience M
The RKW Goonesekere Memorial Lecture THE RECEPTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE DOMESTIC LAW OF SRI LANKA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL EXPERIENCE M. Sornarajah I thank the Vice Chancellor of the University of Colombo and the Dean of the Faculty of Law for the invitation to deliver the First RKW Goonesekere Lecture today. It was an emotional moment for me when Professor Savitri Goonesekere first suggested to me that I should deliver this lecture in memory of a teacher who has been the model for me throughout my career as an academic and practitioner. Mr Goonesekere’s career has spanned a range of roles that a lawyer can play, first as an academic, then as a practitioner in human rights law representing the oppressed and as an activist for liberal causes. The ideal lawyer’s life must be spent in the service of the law to ensure that his fellow men and women in society live under the rule of law with their freedoms intact and their lives secure. In a generation of “lost lawyers”1 whose preoccupation has been money and status, Mr Goonesekere performed the task of an ideal lawyer in the dark days of the public life of our country when others thought it wise to remain silent.2 By so doing, he redeemed the honour of his profession. Mr Goonesekere’s life will illumine the paths of many lawyers of the Prof. M. Sornarajah is the CJ Koh Professor of Law at the National University of Singapore. He studied law at the University of Ceylon, where he obtained a first class honours degree in law. -
Republic at 40
! 24 Interview From Federalism to Separatism: The Impact of the 1970-72 Constitution- Making Process on Tamil Nationalism’s Ideological Transformation g D. Sithadthan1 1 Former Member of Parliament; Leader, People’s Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam (PLOTE). This interview was conducted by Luwie Ganeshathasan on 20th July 2012 in Colombo. ! ! From a Tamil perspective, what were the broad political issues of the post-independence period and what were the main political and constitutional challenges that the Tamil people faced? Opinion was divided at that time among the Tamils. Some sections were advocating for a federal state but people like Mr G.G. Ponnambalam were for a unitary state. I think he believed that, at that time since the Tamils were in an advantageous position, that within a unitary state, Tamils could have a major portion of the cake. There was a belief that if the Tamils ask for a federal state they will be confined to the north and east only and will have no share of the power in the central government. The Tamil people’s opposition was on an issue-by-issue basis. For example, there was opposition to the design of the national flag because the Tamil people felt it is a symbol of the Sinhala people only. Later the green and orange stripes were added to signify the Muslim and Tamil people, but to this day the Tamil people are not willing to accept the national flag as ours. Furthermore, in spite of Section 29 of the Soulbury Constitution and the famous Kodeeswaran Case, the Sinhala Only Act was passed. -
J O SSM ^ G ® © CD Jc3 © the CEYLON GOVERNMENT GAZETTE
(JoSSM ^g® © CDjC3 © THE CEYLON GOVERNMENT GAZETTE £fog© 13,215 — 1962 g g 20 £>i& Qs?<fo$ — 1962.7.20 No. 13,215 — FRIDAY, JULY 20, 1962 (Published by Authority) PART I : SECTION (II)-ADVERTISING (Separate paging is given to each language of every Part in order that it may be filed separately) PAGE PAGE Posts—Vacant 789 Sale of Toll and other Rents 819 Examinations, Results of Examinations, &c. 798 Unofficial Notices . 827 Notices calling for Tenders 799 Applications for Foreign Liquor Licences 828 Notices re Decisions on Tenders 818 Auction Sales 829 Sale of'Articles, &e. 818 Miscellaneous Notices ' Note.—P art. V I published with this issue contains a list of Jurors and Assessors of the Kalutara District. Posts — Vacant GENERAL CONDITIONS APPLICABLE. TO APPOINTMENTS TO POSTS IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE ADVERTISED IN THE “ CEYLON GOVERNMENT GAZETTE-” 1. A l l o w a n c e s —Unless otherwise stated, Rent Allow (iv) New Entrant Officers who qualify for entry into ance, temporary Cost of Living Allowance and the Public Service through the Sinhala temporary Special Living Allowance are payable Medium will be exempted from the Proficiency according to Government Regulations. Test in Sinhala. 2. Conditions of Service .—Appointments will be N o te .—The term “ New Entrant Officers ” in this con subject tq the Public Service Commission Rules, the text means officers appointed to posts in the Financial 'Regulations, the Regulations of the Manual Public Service on or after September 24, 1956, of Procedure, Departmental Orders or Regulations, and who are not deemed to be old entrant officers any other orders' or regulations issued from time to in terms of sub-paragraphs 2 (ii) (b) and 2 time by the Government.