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Appendix A: Plant Species List for Alva Scrub Preserve Scientific and Common Names from This List Were Obtained from Wunderlin, 2003

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Appendix A: Plant Species List for Alva Scrub Preserve Scientific and common names from this list were obtained from Wunderlin, 2003. Scientific Name Common Name Native Status FLEPPC FDACS IRC FNAI Family: Arthoniaceae (lichenized fungi) Cryptothecia rubrocincta Christmas lichen native Family: Blechnaceae (mid-worus fern) Blechnum serrulatum swamp fern native Woodwardia virginica Virginia chain fern R Family: Dennstaedtiaceae (cuplet fern) Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern native Family: Nephrolepidaceae (sword fern) Nephrolepis exaltata sword fern native Family: Osmundaceae (royal fern) Osmunda regalis royal fern native CE R Family: Polypodiaceae (polypody) Phlebodium aureum golden polypody native Pleopeltis polypodioides resurrection fern native Family: Psilotaceae (whisk-fern) Psilotum nudum whisk-fern native Family: Pteridaceae (brake fern) Pteris vittata Chinese ladder brake exotic II Family: Schizaeaceae (curly-grass) Lygodium microphyllum Old World climbing fern exotic I Family: Thelypteris (maiden fern) Thelypteris hispidula hairy maiden fern native Thelypteris interrupta hottentot fern native R Family: Vittariaceae (shoestring fern) Vittaria lineata shoestring fern native Family: Cupressaceae (cedar) Taxodium ascendens pond-cypress native Family: Pinaceae (pine) Pinus elliottii var. densa south Florida slash pine native Family: Alismataceae (water plantain) Sagittaria graminea grassy arrowhead native R Sagittaria latifolia duck potato native Family: Araceae (arum) Alocasia macrorrhizos giant taro exotic Epipremnum pinnatum golden pothos exotic II Family: Arecaceae (palm) Sabal palmetto cabbage palm native Serenoa repens saw palmetto native Family: Bromeliaceae (pineapple) Tillandsia balbisiana northern needleleaf native T Tillandsia fasciculata cardinal airplant native E Tillandsia recurvata ballmoss native Tillandsia setacea southern nettleleaf native Tillandsia usneoides Spanish moss native Tillandsia utriculata giant wild pine native E Family: Commelinaceae (spiderwort) Commelina diffusa var. diffusa common dayflower exotic Commelina erecta whitemouth dayflower native Murdannia spirata Asiatic dewflower exotic Family: Cyperaceae (sedge) Cladium jamaicense Jamaica swamp sawgrass native Cyperus croceus Baldwin's flatsedge native Cyperus esculentus yellow nutgrass exotic Cyperus haspan haspan flatsedge native Appendix A: Plant Species List for Alva Scrub Preserve Scientific and common names from this list were obtained from Wunderlin, 2003. Scientific Name Common Name Native Status FLEPPC FDACS IRC FNAI Cyperus ligularis swamp flatsedge native Cyperus odoratus fragrant flatsedge native Cyperus polystachyos manyspike sedge native Cyperus retrorsus pinebarren flatsedge native Cyperus surinamensis tropical flatsedge native Eleocharis geniculata Canada spikerush native Eleocharis interstincta knotted spikerush native Eleocharis nigrescens black spikerush native Eleocharis vivipara viviparous spikerush native Fimbristylis cymosa hurricanegrass native Fimbristylis puberula hairy fimbry native Fuirena pumila dwarf umbrellasedge native Fuirena scirpoidea southern umbrellasedge native R Kyllinga odorata fragrant spikesedge native I Rhynchospora baldwinii Baldwin's beaksedge native CI Rhynchospora colorata starrush whitetop native Rhynchospora corniculata shortbristle horned beaksedge native I Rhynchospora fascicularis fascicled beaksedge native Rhynchospora fernaldii Fernald's beaksedge native Rhynchospora filifolia threadleaf beaksedge native I Rhynchospora globularis globe beaksedge native I Rhynchospora microcarpa southern beaksedge native R Rhynchospora nitens baldrush native Rhynchospora pusilla fairy beaksedge native Rhynchospora rariflora fewflower beaksedge native CI Rhynchospora tracyi Tracy's beaksedge native R Scleria cilata fringed nutrush native Family: Dioscoraceae (yam) Dioscorea bulbifera air-potato exotic I Family: Eriocaulaceae (pipewort) Eriocaulon compressum flattened pipewort native R Eriocaulon decangulare tenangle pipewort native R Eriocaulon ravenelii Ravenel's pipewort native Lachnocaulon beyrichianum southern bogbutton native Lachnocaulon anceps whitehead bogbutton native R Syngonanthus flavidulus yellow hatpins native R Family: Haemodoraceae (bloodwort) Lachnanthes caroliana Carolina redroot native Family: Hypoxidaceae (yellow stargrass) Hypoxis juncea fringed yellow stargrass native R Family: Iridaceae (iris) Iris hexagona dixie iris native I Family: Marantaceae (arrowroot) Thalia geniculata alligatorflag native Family: Orchidaceae (orchid) Habenaria quinqueseta longhorn false reinorchid native R Oeceoclades maculata monk orchid exotic Family: Poaceae (grass) Andropogon glomeratus var. glaucopsis purple bluestem native R Andropogon glomeratus var. pumilus bushy bluestem native Andropogon ternarius splitbeard bluestem native Andropogon virginicus var. glaucus chalky bluestem native R Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus broomsedge bluestem native I Aristida purpurascens arrowfeather threeawn native Appendix A: Plant Species List for Alva Scrub Preserve Scientific and common names from this list were obtained from Wunderlin, 2003. Scientific Name Common Name Native Status FLEPPC FDACS IRC FNAI Aristida spiciformis bottlebrush threeawn native R Aristida stricta wiregrass native Axonopus furcatus big carpetgrass native Axonopus fissifolius common carpetgrass native Bothrichloa ischaemum yellow bluestem native Cenchrus spinifex coastal sandbur native Cynodon dactylon bermudagrass exotic Dactyloctenium aegyptium Durban crowfootgrass exotic Dicanthelium commutatum variable witchgrass native R Dicanthelium dichotomum cypress witchgrass native Dicanthelium erectifolium erectleaf witchgrass native R Dichanthelium portoricense hemlock witchgrass native Eragrostis atrovirens thalia lovegrass native Eragrostis refracta coastal lovegrass native Eragrostis spectabilis purple lovegrass native Eustachys glauca saltmarsh fingergrass native Eustachys petraea pinewoods fingergrass native Hemarthria altissima limpograss exotic II Heteropogon contortus tanglehead exotic Hymenachne amplexicaulis West Indian marsh grass exotic I Imperata cylindrica cogon grass exotic I Melinis repens natalgrass exotic I Muhlenbergia capillaris var. capillaris hairawn muhly native Oplismenus hirtellus woodsgrass native Panicum anceps beaked panicum native Panicum hemitomon maidencane native Panicum maximum guineagrass exotic II Panicum repens torpedograss exotic I Panicum rigidulum redtop panicum native Paspalum conjugatum hilograss native Paspalum monostachyum gulfdune paspalum native R Paspalum notatum bahiagrass exotic Paspalum praecox early paspalum native I Sacciolepis striata American cupscale native R Setaria magna giant foxtail native Setaria parviflora knotroot foxtail native Sorghastrum secundum lopsided indiangrass native Sporobolus indicus smutgrass exotic Stenotaphrum secundatum St. Augustinegrass native Tridens flavus purpletop tridens native Family: Pontederiaceae (pickerelweed) Pontederia cordata pickerelweed native Family: Ruscaceae (butcher's broom) Sansevieria hyacinthoides bowstring hemp exotic II Family: Smilacaceae (smilax) Smilax auriculata earleaf greenbrier native Smilax bona-nox saw greenbrier native R Smilax laurifolia laurel greenbrier native Smilax tamnoides bristly greenbrier native I Family: Typhaceae (cattail) Typha domingensis southern cattail native Family: Xyridaceae (yelloweyed grass) Xyris ambigua coastalplain yelloweyed grass native R Family: Acanthaceae (acanthus) Appendix A: Plant Species List for Alva Scrub Preserve Scientific and common names from this list were obtained from Wunderlin, 2003. Scientific Name Common Name Native Status FLEPPC FDACS IRC FNAI Ruellia caroliniensis Carolina wild petunia native Ruellia tweediana Mexican bluebell exotic Blechum pyramidatum Brown's blechum Family: Aceraceae (maple) Acer rubrum red maple native Family: Adoxaceae (moschatel) Viburnum obovatum Walter's viburnum native I Family: Anacardiaceae (cashew) Rhus copallinum winged sumac native Schinus terebinthifolius Brazilian pepper exotic I Toxicodendron radicans eastern poison ivy native Family: Annonaceae (custard-apple) Asimina reticulata netted pawpaw native Family: Apocynaceae (dogbane) Asclepias pedicellata Savannah milkweed native Asclepias tuberosa butterflyweed native R Family: Aquifolicaeae (holly) Ilex cassine dahoon holly native Ilex glabra gallberry native Family: Araliaceae (ginseng) Centella asiatica spadeleaf native Hydrocotyle sp. marshpennywort native Family: Asteraceae (aster) Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed native Baccharis halimifolia groundsel tree native Bidens alba beggerticks native Bigelowia nudata subsp. australis pineland rayless goldenrod native Carphephorus corymbosus Florida paintbrush native R Chaptalia tomentosa pineland daisy native Cirsium horridulum purple thistle native Cirsium nuttallii Nuttall's thistle native I Conoclinium coelestinum blue mistflower native Conyza canadensis var. pusilla dwarf Canadian horseweed native Coreopsis leavenworthii Leavenworth's tickseed native Eclipata prostrata false daisy native Elephantopus elatus tall elephantsfoot native R Emilia fosbergii Florida tasselflower exotic Emilia sonchifolia lilac tasselflower exotic Erechtites hieraciifolius fireweed native Erigron ssp. fleabane native Eupatorium capillifolium dogfennel native Eupatorium leptophyllum falsefennel native R Eupatorium mohrii semaphore thoroughwort native Euthamia caroliniana slender flattop goldenrod native Flaveria linearis narrowleaf yellowtops native Iva microcephala
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  • Piedmont Lichen Inventory

    Piedmont Lichen Inventory

    PIEDMONT LICHEN INVENTORY: BUILDING A LICHEN BIODIVERSITY BASELINE FOR THE PIEDMONT ECOREGION OF NORTH CAROLINA, USA By Gary B. Perlmutter B.S. Zoology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 1991 A Thesis Submitted to the Staff of The North Carolina Botanical Garden University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Advisor: Dr. Johnny Randall As Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Certificate in Native Plant Studies 15 May 2009 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 2 This Final Project, whose results are reported herein with sections also published in the scientific literature, is dedicated to Daniel G. Perlmutter, who urged that I return to academia. And to Theresa, Nichole and Dakota, for putting up with my passion in lichenology, which brought them from southern California to the Traingle of North Carolina. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………….4 Chapter I: The North Carolina Lichen Checklist…………………………………………………7 Chapter II: Herbarium Surveys and Initiation of a New Lichen Collection in the University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU)………………………………………………………..9 Chapter III: Preparatory Field Surveys I: Battle Park and Rock Cliff Farm……………………13 Chapter IV: Preparatory Field Surveys II: State Park Forays…………………………………..17 Chapter V: Lichen Biota of Mason Farm Biological Reserve………………………………….19 Chapter VI: Additional Piedmont Lichen Surveys: Uwharrie Mountains…………………...…22 Chapter VII: A Revised Lichen Inventory of North Carolina Piedmont …..…………………...23 Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………..72 Appendices………………………………………………………………………………….…..73 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 4 INTRODUCTION Lichens are composite organisms, consisting of a fungus (the mycobiont) and a photosynthesising alga and/or cyanobacterium (the photobiont), which together make a life form that is distinct from either partner in isolation (Brodo et al.