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Romanian Journal of Museums Efficitur Tortor Quis Venenatis INSTITUTULNational NAInstituteȚIONAL PENTRU for CERCETResearchARE ȘIand FORMARE Cultural CUL TrainingTURALĂ RomanianREVIST JournalA MUZEELOR of Museums NNoR. 1/ 1 / 20152015 1 Editorial Board - Raluca Bem Neamu, - Dragoș Neamu, - Dr. Virgil Ștefan Nițulescu - Alexandra Ciocănel Graphic Design : Gheorghe Iosif Desktop publishingLorem ipsum : Aurora dolor Pădureanu sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin posuere efficitur tortor quis venenatis. Nam non dui elit. Donec congue ipsum et Address: 57, Barbu Ștefănescuscelerisque Delavrancea volutpat. Street,Pellentesque sector 1, interdum Bucharest, m 01alesuada1353 neque non http://www.culturadata.ro/categorie-publicatii/revista-muzeelor/elementum. Morbi in nunc et massa ullamcorper commodo rutrum at www.facebook.com/RevistaMuzeelor neque. Fusce placerat aliquet malesuada. Phasellus non © NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH AND CULTURAL TRAINING ISSN 1220-1723 ISSN 1220-1723 2 NNoR. 11/ / 20152015 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin posuere Romanian Journal of Museums efficitur tortor quis venenatis. Nam non dui elit. Donec congue ipsum et REVISTA MUZEELOR scelerisque volutpat. Pellentesque interdum malesuada neque non elementum. Morbi in nunc et massa ullamcorper commodo rutrum at neque. Fusce placerat aliquet malesuada. Phasellus non CURACURATORSHIPTORIAT 3 Contents S CUPRIN TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 Raluca01 Bem –Lo Forewordrem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur 8 Adriana12 Avramadipiscing – Curatorship, elit. Proin posuereparticipation e citur and management in redefi- ning museums. For an interdisciplinary approach to the revision of the occupational19 to rtstandardor quis venenatis of museographers.. Nam non dui elit. Donec congue ipsum et sceleris- que volutpat. Pellentesque interdum malesuada neque non elementum. Morbi 17 Angelicain nunc Helena et massa Marinescu ullam – Digitization of the museum heritage. Online collections of the National Museum of Art of Romania 31 corper commodo rutrum at neque. Fusce placerat aliquet malesuada. Anca PhasellusMaria Pănoiu non Lorem - For ipsum a naive dolor museology: sit amet, consec Maricicatetur adipiscing and the elit.museum 26 across the water 35 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Gheorghe Petre – Themes and forms of expression in recent exhibiti- 42 ons of41 the Sloboziaadipiscing Museum elit. Proin of posuere Agriculture e citur Valer 43Rus – to Artsrtor &quis History. venenatis A new. Nam vision non dui for elit. an Donec old museum congue ipsum et sceleris- 48 que volutpat. Pellentesque interdum malesuada neque non elementum. Morbi Alis Vasilein nunc – etThe massa Curator: ullam What’s his use? 55 Alexandra48 Zbucheacorper commodo – I visit. rutrum I see. at I neque.understand. Fusce placerat Reflections aliquet malesuada.on the 57 curator’sPhasellus role nonin influencing Lorem ipsum thedolor visitor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. 4 FOREWORD PRIOR TO CHANGE S Raluca Bem Neamu Through this issue of the Romanian Journal of Museums new series, we are building a recent chapter in museology, which started long ago, but only now does it enter legality, CUPRIN through a linguistic “baptism”, by assuming a new occupation in museums. It is about the theme of this issue, “the Curatorship and the Curator” – new words in most of the museums, the latter designating an occupation that does not exist in the Classification of Occupations in Romania (COR), or in the list of occupational standards, and which is 01 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur used and assumed exclusively in the environment of contemporary art galleries. In our 12 adipiscing elit. Proin posuere e citur country. As, otherwise, the European tradition has marked decades of history for this occupation. With notable differences associated to the geographical area where it is 19 tortor quis venenatis. Nam non dui elit. Donec congue ipsum et sceleris- used, the meaning of the word shifts from “collection coordinator” to “the person who que volutpat. Pellentesque interdum malesuada neque non elementum. Morbi protects the collection of a museum”, or to “the creator of the exhibition”, who devises in nunc et massa ullam the exhibition concept and brings the exhibition to life, from A to Z. 31 corper commodo rutrum at neque. Fusce placerat aliquet malesuada. Our undertaking is to try to dismantle the myth that the museographer is “the chief Phasellus non Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. cook and bottle washer”, ready to know the most intimate details of the works within the museum collection, ready to set up a top exhibition with part of the artworks, 35 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur trained to know the field so well, that he would go precisely to museum X and borrow a certain work to complete an exceptional exhibition concept, having the project, time 41 adipiscing elit. Proin posuere e citur and risk management at his fingers and then, after having coordinated a great part of 43 tortor quis venenatis. Nam non dui elit. Donec congue ipsum et sceleris- the museum’s team, he would set up the exhibition, and, right after that (or, ideally, que volutpat. Pellentesque interdum malesuada neque non elementum. Morbi even while creating the exhibition concept), restless and eager, he would make public in nunc et massa ullam polls, in order to know the public’s likes, expectations and information on the exhibition theme and finally, as we said, he would restlessly begin to develop museum-related 48 corper commodo rutrum at neque. Fusce placerat aliquet malesuada. education programmes for various categories of the public that enter the exhibition Phasellus non Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. or are attracted to it. And, towards the end, he would obviously assess the collection, the exhibition and the educational programmes. This is the situation nowadays: the museographer is the chief cook and bottle washer, who must have all those great skills that appear in the occupational standard. 5 The initiative of the National Institute for Research and Cultural Training (INCFC) has therefore started the process of inserting this occupation into the COR and identifying the skills a curator must have, respectively, in order for the museums and private art institutions to be able to use the term under legally-covered conditions. This long and (through its consequences) important process has started with a documentation on the meanings of the term in the specialised bibliography specific to regions with Anglo- Saxon and French tradition, and the structure we put forward is a synthesis adapted to the Romanian needs in the field. Thus, the proposal we are forwarding is that occupational standard of “museographer” in existence at this moment in COR be divided in three distinct occupations, adapted to the museums’ new necessities: museographer, curator and museum education specialist. The first occupation will cover the skills referring to the management of a museum’s collection, the second – the management of exhibitions, while the museum- related education specialist would acquire skills related to the research of the public and the valorisation of the museum’s exhibition through education. Through this division we nuance the skills specific to each employee working in the current position of museographer, we propose their specialisation in one of the three directions, being aware of the fact that the current occupational standard of museographer cannot be met by a single person, as the three sets of skills are very different and cannot be achieved by a single type of personality or professional. The undertaking regarding this specialisation started, on one hand, from studying the European trends in the field and, on the other hand, from consulting experts and museum managers from Romania. The need to differentiate between occupations proved to be impending, and INCFC has taken this mission upon itself, in close collaboration with museums and professionals’ organisations in the field. Our consultations with them took place at the end of 2015 and will continue until the completion of the administrative steps that will bring about the official change. A first step in this process is the insertion of the two new occupations (curator and museum-related education specialist) into COR, followed by the identification of the skills they require and the modification of the skills for the occupation of museographer, by reducing and refining them. The skills for each occupation that we approach in this article, after consultations, are the following: Museographer 1. Appropriate knowledge and use of the basics of museology 1 2. Appropriate knowledge and use of basic specific legislation related to the museum heritage 3. Appropriate knowledge and use of the basic guidelines of preventive conservation 4. Management of museum collections – planning, organising, monitoring and evaluation 5. Developing the museum heritage, circulation of cultural goods. 6. Research, interpretation and exploitation of the museum collection 7. Assessing and drawing-up the documentation with a view to classifying the cultural goods 8. Cultural goods administration and record keeping 9. Digitizing the cultural heritage and using the digital databases * The first three skills are common to the three occupations 6 Curator 1. Appropriate knowledge and use of the basics of museology 2. Appropriate knowledge and use of basic specific legislation related to the museum heritage 3. Appropriate knowledge and use of the basic guidelines of preventive conservation
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