Staf Analytics. Doctoral Students in Stockholm
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Staf Analytics. 1081 Doctoral Students in Stockholm 36 – An Overview 22 14 Main Content 1/3 of Sweden’s doctoral students are in Stockholm 43% from abroad Doctoral students from more than 100 countries International doctoral students have increased in proportion Staf Analytics, October 2019 Brita Lundström, Ph. D Stockholm Academic Forum Valhallavägen 79 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden www.staforum.se Staf Analytics. There are almost 5,500 doctoral students enrolled at a university or university college in Stockholm. Among them, 43% came to Stockholm for their postgraduate education from another country, compared to 36% in the rest of Sweden. In the last ten years, the proportion of internationa l doctoral students has increased significantly, as much as 14 percentage points. The Stockholm Academy is a very attractive place for researchers, which explains the high degree of internationalization in postgraduate education in Stockholm. Sweden also boasts favorable conditions for doctoral students compared to many other countries. This report presents an overview of postgraduate education in Stockholm: its size, gender distribution, degree of international ization, and subject distribution. 3 Staf Analytics. A Third of Doctoral Students in Sweden In the autumn semester, 2018, there were 5,440 doctor- cific areas of research. This also means that these institutions al students enrolled at a university or university college in have a small number of doctoral students and that their Stockholm, which amounted to 32% of all doctoral stu- postgraduate education is still partly under construction. dents in Sweden.1 Nine of the eighteen universities and uni- Södertörn University welcomed doctoral students in 2010 versity colleges in Stockholm offer postgraduate education. for the first time and had 70 doctoral students in autumn The medical university Karolinska Institutet (KI) hosted 2018. At The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, the largest contingent of doctoral students, no fewer than which now hosts 20 doctoral students, postgraduate educa- 2,150. There were 1,710 doctoral students enrolled at KTH tion started in 2011. Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University Col- – Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) and 1,310 at Stock- lege started its postgraduate education in 2015 and three holm University (SU). Those three major institutions ac- years later had 25 active doctoral students. Both Stockholm count for 95% of all postgraduate education in Stockholm: University of the Arts and University College Stockholm 40% for KI, 31% for KTH and 24% for SU. enrolled their first doctoral students in 2017 and, one year later, they had twenty and ten doctoral students respectively. Six other institutions offered postgraduate education in In the last two years, two more institutions, Sophiahemmet 2018 but in very different proportions. The Stockholm University and the Swedish Defence University have also School of Economics had 135 doctoral students. Another received the accreditation to grant doctoral degrees, which five university colleges have only very recently introduced will be noticeable in next year’s statistics. postgraduate programs, which are moreover limited to spe- Number of doctoral students at the universities in Stockholm. The majority, 95%, are located at the three major universities, Karolinska Institutet, KTH and Stockholm University. Figure 1 2000 2000 1000 1000 1710 1310 0 2150 135 0 Karolinska Institutet KTH Stockholm University Stockholm School of Economics 4 Staf Analytics. 5440 DOCTORAL STUDENTS IN STOCKHOLM At the five universities below, there are recently-established postgraduate programs that are limited to certain special areas. Two other universities, the Swedish Defence University and the Sophiahemmet University, have recently received the accredi- tation to grant doctoral degrees, and have accepted their first doctoral students in 2019. Figure 2 80 80 40 40 70 25 10 0 20 20 0 Södertörn Ersta Sköndal The Swedish Stockholm University University College University Bräcke University School of Sport of the Arts Stockholm College and Health Sciences 5 Staf Analytics. Over 40% from Abroad 43% of the 5,440 doctoral students currently in Stockholm 43% came from another country to pursue their postgraduate ed- ucation at one of Stockholm’s universities or university col- leges, compared to 36% in the rest of Sweden.2 Doctoral pro- grams in Stockholm are quite competitive because the capital city is attractive and is home to several renowned universities. INTERNATIONAL The largest proportion of international doctoral students, al- most 1,000, were enrolled at KTH, which means that 58% of DOCTORAL KTH’s doctoral students came from another country. 42% of Stockholm University’s doctoral students were international STUDENTS and that number reached 33% at Karolinska Institutet. Of the other institutions offering postgraduate education, the Stockholm School of Economics stands out with 53% of the doctoral candidate population coming from abroad. Percentage of international doctoral students in autumn semester 2018 at the universities in Stockholm. In Sweden in total, the proportion of international doctoral students is 36%, while in Stockholm it is higher: 43%. At KTH and at the Stockholm School of Economics more than half of all doctoral students have come to Sweden from another country to participate in postgraduate education. Figure 3 60 60 % 30 30 58 53 43 42 36 33 26 20 15 0 0 KTH Sweden Stockholm Stockholm university Karolinska Institutet Södertörn University and Health Sciences The Swedish School of Sport Stockholm School of Economics Stockholm University of the Arts 6 Staf Analytics. Doctoral Students From All Over the World In autumn 2018, there were doctoral students from more than 100 countries in Stockholm.3 The largest group of international doctoral students came from China, totaling 475 people.4 In terms of size, the second largest group of doctoral students came from Germany, 185 people. It is not a surprise since German students have long made up one of the largest international groups both at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Next, many candidates come from Italy to Stockholm for their undergraduate and graduate studies and make up the third largest international group, with 165 doctoral students. Doctoral students from Iran make up the fourth largest group (125) and doctoral students from India the fifth one (115). In Stockholm, there is an even distribu- tion of doctoral students from a number of different coun- tries, and no nationality dominates, as is the case at some foreign universities. In Stockholm there are doctoral students from more than 100 countries. China, Germany and Italy, are the countries from which most international doctoral students come. Figure 4 7 Staf Analytics. International Doctoral Students Increases If we look at the evolution of the total doctoral candidate population from a ten-year perspective, we see a sharp in- crease in the proportion of international doctoral students. The total number of doctoral students is largely the same, but the degree of internationalization has increased signifi- cantly from autumn 2008 to autumn 2018. In 2008, in- ternational doctoral students made up 29% of the doctoral candidate population in Stockholm, compared to 43% in 2018, an increase of 14 percentage points. Since the total number of doctoral students remains largely unchanged, it means that the number of Swedish doctoral students have continuously decreased over the same period. One explana- tion for this may be the boom that has prevailed for many occupational groups, which has meant that the universities have found it difficult to attract Swedish students to doc- toral studies. The number of international doctoral students rose sharply until 2014 before slightly decreasing each year. Change in a ten-year perspective. The red line shows the total number of doctoral students in Stockholm. The yellow line shows how the international doctoral students rose in number up to 2014 and how they subsequently declined. The light green line shows the number of Swedish doctoral students during the period. Figure 5 Number of doctoral students (total) Swedish doctoral students International doctoral students 6000 6000 3000 3000 0 2008HT2008 HT2009 HT20102010 HT2011 HT20122012 HT2013 HT20142014 HT2015 HT20162016 HT2017 HT20182018 8 Staf Analytics. Numbers Doubled at Some Universities In terms of individual universities, Stockholm School of cine but significantly fewer in the Arts and Humanities and Economics (SSE) has seen the largest increase in the pro- Social Sciences. Since then, the number of international portion of international doctoral students, which has more doctoral students has not only increased in all subjects but than doubled, going from 25% to 53% during the period actually doubled in the Arts and Humanities, Social Scienc es, 2008 to 2018. Moreover, Stockholm School of Econom- as well as in the Natural Sciences. This means that even in ics now has an internationalization strategy, with the aim the domains of less interest to international doctoral stu- to reach 50% of international enrollment at all levels of dents, their proportion has increased sharply: from 8% to studies. The school argues it will promote the quality of 21%, in the Arts and Humanities and from 15% to 31% in education. At Stockholm University, there are postgraduate Social Sciences. Therefore, the total proportion of interna- programs in the Natural Sciences, Social Sciences, and in tional doctoral students at a given