DOCSLIB.ORG

Thelepus Crispus Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Canalipalpata

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Thelepus Crispus Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Canalipalpata Phylum: Annelida Thelepus crispus Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Canalipalpata Order: Terebellida, Terebellomorpha A terebellid worm Family: Terebellidae, Theleponinae Description (Hartman 1969). Notosetae present from Size: Individuals range in size from 70–280 second branchial segment (third body mm in length (Hartman 1969). The greatest segment) and continue almost to the worm body width at segments 10–16 is 13 mm (88 posterior (to 14th segment from end in mature –147 segments). The dissected individual specimens) (Hutchings and Glasby 1986). All on which this description is based was 120 neurosetae short handled, avicular (bird-like) mm in length (from Coos Bay, Fig. 1). uncini, imbedded in a single row on oval- Color: Pinkish orange and cream with bright shaped tori (Figs. 3, 5) where the single row red branchiae, dark pink prostomium and curves into a hook, then a ring in latter gray tentacles and peristomium. segments (Fig. 3). Each uncinus bears a General Morphology: Worm rather stout thick, short fang surmounted by 4–5 small and cigar-shaped. teeth (Hartman 1969) (two in this specimen) Body: Two distinct body regions consisting (Fig. 4). Uncini begin on the fifth body of a broad thorax with neuro- and notopodia segment (third setiger), however, Johnson and a tapering abdomen with only neuropo- (1901) and Hartman (1969) have uncini dia. beginning on setiger two. Anterior: Prostomium reduced, with Eyes/Eyespots: None. ample dorsal flap transversely corrugated Anterior Appendages: Feeding tentacles are dorsally (Fig. 5). Peristomium with circlet of long (Fig. 1), filamentous, white and mucus strongly grooved, unbranched tentacles (Fig. covered. 5), which cannot be retracted fully (as in Am- Branchiae: Branchiae present (subfamily pharctidae). Thelepinae) and with many slender single fila- Trunk: Thorax with well over 25 seg- ments (Fig. 1). Three filiform pairs are pre- ments (Hartman and Reish 1950). Anterior sent on segments two, three, and four thorax not greatly enlarged. Thoracic ven- (Hartman 1969; Hutchings and Glasby 1986). tral plates not clearly distinguishable (as in Branchiae contain vascular hemoglobin (as in Pista) and do not extend into lappets. Pista pacifica), which transfers oxygen to coe- Posterior: lomic hemoglobin (Garlick and Terwilliger Parapodia: Thoracic segments biramous 1974). and abdominal segments bear only neu- Burrow/Tube: Stiff tube of coarse sand, grav- ropodia. Parapodial tori (a ridge-like para- el and shells over a chitinous base is attached podial branch) are longest on setigers 9–21 to shell and/or rock or within empty burrows. and become papillar posteriorly (Hartman Pharynx: 1969). Genitalia: Setae (chaetae): Notosetae appear as Nephridia: groups of long capillary setae in raised para- Possible Misidentifications podia (Figs. 1, 5). Each seta is limbate The Terebellidae are one of a num- (wing-shaped) with smooth margins (Fig. 2) ber of tube-building polychaete families with A publication of the University of Oregon Libraries and the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology Individual species: https://oimb.uoregon.edu/oregon-estuarine-invertebrates and full 3rd edition: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18839 Email corrections to: [email protected] Hiebert, T.C. 2015. Thelepus crispus. In: Oregon Estuarine Invertebrates: Rudys' Illustrated Guide to Common Species, 3rd ed. T.C. Hiebert, B.A. Butler and A.L. Shanks (eds.). University of Oregon Libraries and Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, Charleston, OR. soft tentacles for deposit feeding and with Streblosoma spp. can be further gills on their anterior segments (Blake differentiated from T. crispus in that 1975). Many terebellids occur in our members of the former genus have many Northwest bays. All of them have bodies eyespots, a tightly coiled tube, a small with numerous segments and two distinct number of tentacles and conspicuous regions, a tapering abdomen with neuro- ventral plates. Streblosoma crassibranchia setae only and both capillary setae and is reported in southern and central California uncinigerous tori on the thorax (Berkeley (Blake and Ruff 2007). Streblosoma bairdi, and Berkeley 1952). They all have a modi- reported from Puget Sound, is small (to 80 fied and reduced head with the prostomi- mm), with only 30-40 setigers, a fragile um and peristomium at least partly fused, posterior, notosetae beginning on the first and many non-retractible filiform tentacles branchial segment, and uncinal tori, which emerging from the folded prostomium. become projecting rectangular pinnules Terebellids are relatively large, usually (Berkeley and Berkeley 1952; Kozloff 1974). over 5 cm in length, and havefeeding ten- There are three other species of The- tacles (“spaghetti worms”) which are not lepus, which might occur in our area. The completely retractile into the worm's reported range of Thelepus hamatus is from mouth. Their branchiae are not simple, but Alaska to California (Hilbig 2000) with a consist of masses of aborescent or distribution that is probably subtidal and filamentous structures. There are 14 local below. This species is a small, delicate terrebellid genera (Blake and Ruff 2007): terebellid, which is about 26 mm in length, Amaeana, Eupolymnia, Lanice, Loimia, with only a few thick, deeply grooved Nicolea, Neoamphitrite, Neoleprea, tentacles. It has only two pairs of Polycirrus, Proclea, Ramex, Spinosphaera, branchiae, with few filaments and is orange. Streblosoma, Thelepus and Pista. Thelepus setosus (= Phenacia setosa), a The subfamily Thelepinae, which in- cosmopolitan terebellid, is distinguished cludes the genus Thelepus, always have from T. crispus chiefly because all of its branchiae and uncini, which occur in single uncini are in single rows which do not curve rows which may curve around into a circle into rings as in T. crispus and the uncini are (e.g. Fig. 3). Other genera in this subfami- on projecting rectangular pinnules as in T. ly include Streblosoma and Naneva hamatus (Berkeley and Berkeley 1952). (Hartman 1969). The latter does not occur Thelepus setosus has three pairs of in our area. The main difference between branchiae and capillaries beginning on the Streblosoma and Thelepus is the position third segment as in T. crispus. Thelepus of the first notopodium and neuropodium setosus also has conspicuous black which is the second and third segments eyespots behind the tentacle bases, and the third and fifth segments, for the noticeable ventral plates (about 20) and a two genera respectively (Hilbig 2000). long narrow posterior. It is yellow to brown, Streblosoma spp. have uncini arran- with red branchiae and orange-brown ged in single straight rows throughout the tentacles (Berkeley and Berkeley 1952). body, not changing into a depressed ring Ecological Information as in Thelepus crispus. They, too, have Range: Type locality is San Francisco, Cali- three pairs of branchiae and notosetae fornia (Hartman 1969). Distribution along the beginning on the first branchial segment, NE Pacific from Alaska south to California. not on the second (Blake 1975). A publication of the University of Oregon Libraries and the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology Individual species: https://oimb.uoregon.edu/oregon-estuarine-invertebrates and full 3rd edition: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18839 Email corrections to: [email protected] Local Distribution: Oregon sites include day later. They have five setigers and long Yaquina Bay (Hartman and Reish 1950). first tentacle at 12 days and are juveniles with Coos Bay sites include Pigeon Point and eight setigers by day 26 (McHugh 1993). many stations inside and outside the bay. Juvenile: Habitat: Thelepus crispus attaches its tube Longevity: to the undersides of rocks and shells. Indi- Growth Rate: viduals are found in Coos Bay in empty Food: A suspension and deposit feeder, pholad (= family Pholadidae, boring clams) Thelepus crispus traps detritus particles with burrows. is tentacles and passes food in a mucus film Salinity: Found at salinities of 30 in Coos along tentacle grooves and into the mouth. Bay. Individuals encountered in lower parts Research suggests that Thelepus crispus of bays where salinity is not likely to be re- orients its feeding tentacles in response to the duced. predominating direction and strength of Temperature: currents (Musgrove 1982). Tidal Level: Intertidal. Predators: Associates: Nearly all specimens, from Behavior: Thelepus crispus contains and re- Coos Bay, had the polynoid polychaete, leases brominated aromatic metabolites into Halosydna brevisetosa in their burrows. In sediment surrounding their burrows. Concen- under-rock and mudflat habitats of bays, as- trations of dibromobenzyl alcohol in surface sociates include Cancer oregonensis and sediments (to 6 cm depths) increased with burrowing clams from the genera Adula and proximity to burrows of T. crispus (Lincoln et Penitella. al. 2005). These contaminated sediments Abundance: This species can be fairly can negatively impact the nearby community abundant within its narrow habitat and is one and reduce settlement and recruitment of oth- of the most common local intertidal er polychaetes (e.g. Nereis vexillosa, Woodin terebellids. et al. 1993). Life-History Information Bibliography Reproduction: Terebellid reproductive and 1. BERKELEY, E., and C. BERKELEY. 1952. developmental modes are highly variable. Annelida: polychaeta sedentaria. Canadi- Thelepus crispus is an iteroparous brooder an Pacific Fauna. 9b:1-139. where individuals are continually reproduc- 2. BLAKE, J. A. 1975. Phylum Annelida:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Invert10 2 217 243 Jirkov for Inet.P65
    Invertebrate Zoology, 2013, 10(2): 217243 © INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY, 2013 Identification keys for Terebellomorpha (Polychaeta) of the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar Basin I.A. Jirkov1, M.K. Leontovich2 Department of Hydrobiology, Moscow Lomonosov State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia. e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT. New user-friendly identification keys for 117 species of Pectinariidae, Ampharetidae, and Terebellidae from the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar Basin are presented. A new species Auchenoplax worsfoldi sp.n. is described. Three names Amphi- trite affinis, Pista malmgreni, and Terebellides irinae are proposed as junior synonyms to other species. How to cite this article: Jirkov I.A., Leontovich M.K. 2013. Identification keys for Terebellomorpha (Polychaeta) of the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar Basin // Invert. Zool. Vol.10. No.2. P.217243. KEY WORDS: identification key, Polychaeta, Pectinariidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae, Eastern Atlantic, North Polar Basin. Êëþ÷è äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ Terebellomorpha (Polychaeta) Âîñòî÷íîé Àòëàíòèêè è Ñåâåðíîãî Ëåäîâèòîãî îêåàíà È.A. Æèðêîâ1, M.K. Ëåîíòîâè÷2 Êàôåäðà ãèäðîáèîëîãèè, Áèîëîãè÷åñêèé ôàêóëüòåò, Ìîñêîâñêèé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé óíèâåð- ñèòåò èì. Ì.Â. Ëîìîíîñîâà, 119899, Ìîñêâà, Ðîññèÿ. e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Ñîñòàâëåíû íîâûå êëþ÷è äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ 117 âèäîâ Pectinariidae, Ampharetidae è Terebellidae Âîñòî÷íîé Àòëàíòèêè è Ñåâåðíîãî Ëåäîâèòîãî îêåàíà. Ïðè ñîñòàâëåíèè êëþ÷åé îñîáîå âíèìàíèå áûëî îáðàùåíî íà ë¸ãêîñòü èõ èñïîëüçî- âàíèÿ. Îïèñàí íîâûé âèä Auchenoplax worsfoldi. Òðè íàçâàíèÿ: Amphitrite affinis, Pista malmgreni, è Terebellides irinae ïðåäëîæåíî ðàññìàòðèâàòü êàê ìëàäøèå ñèíîíèìû äðóãèõ íàçâàíèé. Êàê öèòèðîâàòü ýòó ñòàòüþ: Jirkov I.A., Leontovich M.K. 2013. Identification keys for Terebellomorpha (Polychaeta) of the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar Basin // Invert.
    [Show full text]
  • Boccardia Proboscidea Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Canalipalpata
    Phylum: Annelida Boccardia proboscidea Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Canalipalpata Order: Spionida, Spioniformia A burrowing spionid worm Family: Spionidae Taxonomy: Boccardia proboscidea’s senior Trunk: subjective synonym, Polydora californica Posterior: Pygidium is a round, flaring (Treadwell, 1914) and an un-typified name, disc with four unequal lobes where dorsal Spio californica (Fewkes, 1889) were both lobes are smaller (Fig. 4) (Hartman 1969). suppressed in 2012 by the International Parapodia: Biramous after first setiger. Commission on Zoological Nomenclature Podia on the first setiger are not lobed, small (ICZN, case 3520). The widely cited and and inconspicuous. The second setiger's used name, Boccardia proboscidea parapodial lobes become twice as large as (Hartman, 1940) was conserved (ICZN the first's, and continue to worm posterior. 2012). Setae (chaetae): All setae are simple and in- clude bunches of short, capillary spines to se- Description tiger six (except for modified setiger five) Size: Specimens up to 30–35 mm in length (Figs. 5a, b). A transverse row of and 1.5 mm in width, where length extends approximately eight neuropodial uncini with age (Hartman 1940). The illustrated (hooded hooks) with bifid (two-pronged) tips specimen has approximately 130 segments begins on setiger seven and continues to (Fig. 1). posterior end (Fig. 5e), with bunches of Color: Yellow-orange with red branchiae capillary setae below them (until setiger 11). and dusky areas around prostomium and Notosetae of setiger five are heavy, dark and parapodia (Hartman 1969). Sato-Okoshi arranged vertically in two rows of five with and Okoshi (1997) report black pigment fol- pairs of long, falcate spines (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Tube Epifaum of the Polychaete Phyllopchaetopterus Socialis
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from Embrapa Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (1995) 41, 91–100 Tube epifauna of the Polychaete Phyllochaetopterus socialis Claparède Rosebel Cunha Nalessoa, Luíz Francisco L. Duarteb, Ivo Pierozzi Jrc and Eloisa Fiorim Enumod aDepartamento de Zoologia, CCB, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil, bDepartamento de Zoologia, Instituto Biologia, C.P. 6109, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13.081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, cEmbrapa, NMA, Av. Dr. Julio Soares de Arruda, 803 CEP 13.085, Campinas, SP, Brazil and dProtebras, Rua Turmalina, 79 CEP 13.088, Campinas, SP, Brazil Received 8 October 1992 and in revised form 22 June 1994 Keywords: Polychaeta; tubes; faunal association; epifauna; São Sebastião Channel; Brazil Animals greater than 1 mm, found among tangled tubes of Phyllochaetopterus socialis (Chaetopteridae) from Araçá Beach, São Sebastião district, Brazil, were studied for 1 year, with four samples in each of four seasons. They comprised 10 338 individuals in 1722·7 g dry weight of polychaete tubes, with Echino- dermata, Polychaeta (not identified to species) and Crustacea as the dominant taxa. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index did not vary seasonally, only two species (a holothurian and a pycnogonid) showing seasonal variation. Ophiactis savignyi was the dominant species, providing 45·5% of individuals. Three other ophiuroids, the holothurian Synaptula hidriformis, the crustaceans Leptochelia savignyi, Megalobrachium soriatum and Synalpheus fritzmuelleri, the sipunculan Themiste alutacea and the bivalve Hiatella arctica were all abundant, but most of the 68 species recorded occurred sparsely.
    [Show full text]
  • A Bioturbation Classification of European Marine Infaunal
    A bioturbation classification of European marine infaunal invertebrates Ana M. Queiros 1, Silvana N. R. Birchenough2, Julie Bremner2, Jasmin A. Godbold3, Ruth E. Parker2, Alicia Romero-Ramirez4, Henning Reiss5,6, Martin Solan3, Paul J. Somerfield1, Carl Van Colen7, Gert Van Hoey8 & Stephen Widdicombe1 1Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, U.K. 2The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, NR33 OHT, U.K. 3Department of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, U.K. 4EPOC – UMR5805, Universite Bordeaux 1- CNRS, Station Marine d’Arcachon, 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, Arcachon 33120, France 5Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, University of Nordland, Postboks 1490, Bodø 8049, Norway 6Department for Marine Research, Senckenberg Gesellschaft fu¨ r Naturforschung, Su¨ dstrand 40, Wilhelmshaven 26382, Germany 7Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium 8Bio-Environmental Research Group, Institute for Agriculture and Fisheries Research (ILVO-Fisheries), Ankerstraat 1, Ostend 8400, Belgium Keywords Abstract Biodiversity, biogeochemical, ecosystem function, functional group, good Bioturbation, the biogenic modification of sediments through particle rework- environmental status, Marine Strategy ing and burrow ventilation, is a key mediator of many important geochemical Framework Directive, process, trait. processes in marine systems. In situ quantification of bioturbation can be achieved in a myriad of ways, requiring expert knowledge, technology, and Correspondence resources not always available, and not feasible in some settings. Where dedi- Ana M. Queiros, Plymouth Marine cated research programmes do not exist, a practical alternative is the adoption Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, U.K.
    [Show full text]
  • In Worms Geoff Read NIWA New Zealand
    Brussels, 28-30 September Polychaeta (Annelida) in WoRMS Geoff Read NIWA New Zealand www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/index.php Context interface Swimming — an unexpected skill of Polychaeta Acrocirridae Alciopidae Syllidae Nereididae Teuthidodr ilus = squidworm Acrocirridae Polynoidae Swima bombiviridis Syllidae Total WoRMS Polychaeta records, excluding fossils 91 valid families. Entries >98% editor checked, except Echiura (69%) Group in WoRMS all taxa all species valid species names names names Class Polychaeta 23,872 20,135 11,615 Subclass Echiura 296 234 197 Echiura were recently a Subclass Errantia 12,686 10,849 6,210 separate phylum Subclass Polychaeta incertae sedis 354 265 199 Subclass Sedentaria 10,528 8,787 5,009 Non-marine Polychaeta 28 16 (3 terrestrial) Class Clitellata* 1601 1086 (279 Hirudinea) *Total valid non-leech clitellates~5000 spp, 1700 aquatic. (Martin et al. 2008) Annelida diversity "It is now clear that annelids, in addition to including a large number of species, encompass a much greater disparity of body plans than previously anticipated, including animals that are segmented and unsegmented, with and without parapodia, with and without chaetae, coelomate and acoelomate, with straight guts and with U-shaped digestive tracts, from microscopic to gigantic." (Andrade et al. 2015) Andrade et al (2015) “Articulating “archiannelids”: Phylogenomics and annelid relationships, with emphasis on meiofaunal taxa.” Molecular Biology and Evolution, efirst Myzostomida (images Summers et al)EV Nautilus: Riftia Semenov: Terebellidae Annelida latest phylogeny “… it is now well accepted that Annelida includes many taxa formerly considered different phyla or with supposed affiliations with other animal groups, such as Sipuncula, Echiura, Pogonophora and Vestimentifera, Myzostomida, or Diurodrilida (Struck et al.
    [Show full text]
  • OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
    OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Identification Guide to the Planktonic Polychaete Larvae Around the Island of Helgoland (German Bight)
    HELGOL.~NDER MEERESUNTERSUCHUNGEN Helgol/inder Meeresunters. 48, 1-58 (1994) Identification guide to the planktonic polychaete larvae around the island of Helgoland (German Bight) S. Plate* & E. Husemann* * Biologische Anstalt Helgoland (Meeresstation); D-27483 Helgoland, Federal Republic of Germany ABSTRACT: The purpose of this work is to provide the means of identifying the planktonic larvae of the polychaete species appearing in the plankton around the island of Helgoland (North Sea). During a three-year survey in this area, the larvae of 54 species out of 24 families belonging to the orders Orbiniida, Spionida, Capitelhda, Phyllodocida, Oweniida, Terebelhda, Sabelhda and the former Archiannelida have been recorded. Illustrated keys to the families, genera and species are presented. To facilitate the identification, additional descriptions and information about the seasonal appearance of the species are given. INTRODUCTION More than 13 000 species of polychaetous annelids take part in the marine benthos communities worldwide. Their distribution, species composition and population density are monitored within various benthos surveys. For the North Sea, especially the German Bight and the Wadden Sea, much information about the benthic polychaete fauna is available (Caspers, 1950; Stripp, 1969; DSrjes, 1977; Rachor & Gerlach, 1978; Gillandt, 1979; Salzwedel et al., 1985; Rachor, 1990; Bosselmann, 1991; Kr6ncke, 1991). In contrast, the holoplanktonic polychaete species and the meroplanktonic polychaete larvae, which are only part of the plankton during a more or less expanded phase of their ontogenesis, have never received much attention. Meroplanktonic polychaete larvae are seldomly recorded during studies monitoring the North Sea plankton (Smidt, 1951; Giere, 1968; Fransz, 1981; Bosselmann, 1989; Belgrano et al., 1990).
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Checklist of the Marine Macroinvertebrates of Alaska David T
    NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 19 An annotated checklist of the marine macroinvertebrates of Alaska David T. Drumm • Katherine P. Maslenikov Robert Van Syoc • James W. Orr • Robert R. Lauth Duane E. Stevenson • Theodore W. Pietsch November 2016 U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA Professional Penny Pritzker Secretary of Commerce National Oceanic Papers NMFS and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. Sullivan Scientific Editor* Administrator Richard Langton National Marine National Marine Fisheries Service Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center Maine Field Station Eileen Sobeck 17 Godfrey Drive, Suite 1 Assistant Administrator Orono, Maine 04473 for Fisheries Associate Editor Kathryn Dennis National Marine Fisheries Service Office of Science and Technology Economics and Social Analysis Division 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 178 Honolulu, Hawaii 96818 Managing Editor Shelley Arenas National Marine Fisheries Service Scientific Publications Office 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, Washington 98115 Editorial Committee Ann C. Matarese National Marine Fisheries Service James W. Orr National Marine Fisheries Service The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS (ISSN 1931-4590) series is pub- lished by the Scientific Publications Of- *Bruce Mundy (PIFSC) was Scientific Editor during the fice, National Marine Fisheries Service, scientific editing and preparation of this report. NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115. The Secretary of Commerce has The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series carries peer-reviewed, lengthy original determined that the publication of research reports, taxonomic keys, species synopses, flora and fauna studies, and data- this series is necessary in the transac- intensive reports on investigations in fishery science, engineering, and economics. tion of the public business required by law of this Department.
    [Show full text]
  • Alvinella Pompejana) Accepted: 18-04-2020
    International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies 2020; 7(3): 25-32 ISSN 2347-2677 www.faunajournal.com IJFBS 2020; 7(3): 25-32 Adaptation in extreme underwater vent ecosystem: A Received: 16-03-2020 case study on Pompeii worm (Alvinella pompejana) Accepted: 18-04-2020 Joyanta Bir (1). Khulna University, School of Joyanta Bir, Md Rony Golder and SM Ibrahim Khalil Life Science, Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Abstract Discipline, 9208, Khulna, Bangladesh The deep-sea habitats such as cold seeps and hydrothermal vents are very challenging environments (2). University of Basque displaying a high biomass compared to the adjacent environment at comparable depth. Because of the Country, Marine Environment high pressure, the high temperature, massive concentrations of toxic compounds and the extreme and Resources (MER), Bilbao, physico-chemical gradients makes the lives very extreme in vent environment. Hypoxia is one of the Spain challenges that these species face to live there. Therefore, most of the dwellers here lives in a highly integrated symbiosis with sulfide-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria. Very few species belonging to Md Rony Golder annelids and crustaceans can survive in this ecosystem through developing specific adaptations of their Khulna University, School of respiratory system, the morphological, physiological and biochemical levels. Here, we review specific Life Science, Fisheries and adaptations mechanisms of a prominent vent dweller Pompeii Worm (Alvinella pompejana) in order to Marine Resources Technology know their morphological, physiological biochemical levels to cope with thrilling hypoxic vent Discipline, 9208, Khulna, environment. Most often Pompeii worm develop ventilation and branchial surfaces to assistance with Bangladesh oxygen extraction, and an increase in excellently tuned oxygen obligatory proteins to help with oxygen stowage and conveyance.
    [Show full text]
  • Drilonereis Pictorial
    H:\wordperf\taxtrain\spionid.key Spionidae Reformated. 11/95 KEY TO THE NON-POLYDORID SPIONIDAE FROM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA (INTERTIDAL TO 500 METERS)1 by Lawrence L. Lovell and Dean Pasko 1. Branchiae absent; setiger 1 with 1-2 large recurved neuropodial spines in addition to capillary setae (Fig. 1) (Spiophanes) . 2 Branchiae present; setiger 1 without recurved neuropodial spines (see Fig. 13) 7 2. Prostomium rounded anteriorly, without lateral projections; prostomium with medial orange pigment spot; median antennae absent (Fig. 2) Spiophanes wigleyi Prostomium bell or T-shaped, with short or long lateral projections (Figs. 3-7); prostomium without pigment spot; median antennae present or absent 3 3. Prostomium T-shaped with long lateral projections 4 Prostomium bell shaped without lateral projections 5 4. Eyes present (Fig. 3) Spiophanes bombyx Eyes absent (Fig. 4) Spiophanes anoculata 5. Median antennae absent; peristomium poorly developed (Fig. 5) . Spiophanes missionensis =j] Median antennae present; peristomium well developed (Fig. 6) 6 6. Prostomium flairs laterally at distal end; neuropodial glands in setigers 10 - 13 without pigment; ventrum of setiger 8 forms dark transverse band with methyl green stain; dorsal transverse membrane without fimbriae (Fig. 6) Spiophanes berkeleyorumY=\ Prostomium straight or with a slight constriction distally; neuropodial glands in setigers 10-13 darkly pigmented; setiger 8 does not form transverse band of methyl green stain; dorsal transverse membrane with fimbriae (Fig. 7) Spiophanes fimbriataV=\ 7. Modified segment present in anterior region (Figs. 8 & 9) 8 Modified segment absent in anterior region 9 1 Species in bold type have been recorded off Point Loma. H:\wordperf\taxtrain\spionid.key Spionidae Reformated.
    [Show full text]
  • THE Official Magazine of the OCEANOGRAPHY SOCIETY
    OceThe OfficiaaL MaganZineog of the Oceanographyra Spocietyhy CITATION Bluhm, B.A., A.V. Gebruk, R. Gradinger, R.R. Hopcroft, F. Huettmann, K.N. Kosobokova, B.I. Sirenko, and J.M. Weslawski. 2011. Arctic marine biodiversity: An update of species richness and examples of biodiversity change. Oceanography 24(3):232–248, http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/ oceanog.2011.75. COPYRIGHT This article has been published inOceanography , Volume 24, Number 3, a quarterly journal of The Oceanography Society. Copyright 2011 by The Oceanography Society. All rights reserved. USAGE Permission is granted to copy this article for use in teaching and research. Republication, systematic reproduction, or collective redistribution of any portion of this article by photocopy machine, reposting, or other means is permitted only with the approval of The Oceanography Society. Send all correspondence to: [email protected] or The Oceanography Society, PO Box 1931, Rockville, MD 20849-1931, USA. downLoaded from www.tos.org/oceanography THE CHANGING ARctIC OCEAN | SPECIAL IssUE on THE IntERNATIonAL PoLAR YEAr (2007–2009) Arctic Marine Biodiversity An Update of Species Richness and Examples of Biodiversity Change Under-ice image from the Bering Sea. Photo credit: Miller Freeman Divers (Shawn Cimilluca) BY BODIL A. BLUHM, AnDREY V. GEBRUK, RoLF GRADINGER, RUssELL R. HoPCROFT, FALK HUEttmAnn, KsENIA N. KosoboKovA, BORIS I. SIRENKO, AND JAN MARCIN WESLAwsKI AbstRAct. The societal need for—and urgency of over 1,000 ice-associated protists, greater than 50 ice-associated obtaining—basic information on the distribution of Arctic metazoans, ~ 350 multicellular zooplankton species, over marine species and biological communities has dramatically 4,500 benthic protozoans and invertebrates, at least 160 macro- increased in recent decades as facets of the human footprint algae, 243 fishes, 64 seabirds, and 16 marine mammals.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Note a Retrospective of Helicosiphon Biscoeensis Gravier
    Scientific Note A retrospective of Helicosiphon biscoeensis Gravier, 1907 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae): morphological and ecological characteristics * GABRIEL S.C. MONTEIRO , EDMUNDO F. NONATO, MONICA A.V. PETTI & THAIS N. CORBISIER USP, Instituto Oceanográfico, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, São Paulo-SP, Brasil *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract. This note gathers the main information and illustrations published concerning the Antarctic/Subantarctic polychaete Helicosiphon biscoeensis (Spirorbinae). It provides a short historical overview about the knowledge of this species, including information on its morphology and ecology, and contributes new digital images. Key words: ecology, life story, Southern Ocean, Spirorbinae, taxonomy Resumo. Restrospectiva do Helicosiphon biscoeensis Gravier, 1907 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae): características morfológicas e ecológicas. Esta nota reúne a maior parte das informações e ilustrações publicadas sobre o poliqueta antártico/subantártico Helicosiphon biscoeensis (Spirorbinae), faz uma breve retrospectiva da evolução de seu conhecimento, incluindo considerações sobre sua morfologia e ecologia, e contribui com imagens digitais inéditas. Palavras chave: ecologia, história de vida, Oceano Austral, Spirorbinae, taxonomia Taxonomic classification (Rzhavsky et al. have an egg string externally attached to their 2013): bodies, usually as a stalk or epithelial funnel Annelida (Phylum) > Polychaeta (Class) > (Knight-Jones & Knight-Jones 1994). Besides the Canalipalpata (Subclass) > Sabellida (Order) > peculiarity of the egg string, H. biscoeensis has an Serpulidae (Family) > Spirorbinae (Subfamily) > initially flat coiled tube that projects from the Romanchellini (Tribe) > Helicosiphon (Genus) > substrate forming an almost straight ascending spiral Helicosiphon biscoeensis Gravier, 1907 (Species) coiling. It was originally described by Gravier Although serpulids are less common at high (1907) as a serpulid with a free tube, coiled and of latitudes (ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009), smooth texture (Figs.
    [Show full text]