INDEX: the Holocaust
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On the Threshold of the Holocaust: Anti-Jewish Riots and Pogroms In
Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 11 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Szarota Tomasz On the Threshold of the Holocaust In the early months of the German occu- volume describes various characters On the Threshold pation during WWII, many of Europe’s and their stories, revealing some striking major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, similarities and telling differences, while anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms raising tantalising questions. of the Holocaust carried out by the local population. Who took part in these excesses, and what was their attitude towards the Germans? The Author Anti-Jewish Riots and Pogroms Were they guided or spontaneous? What Tomasz Szarota is Professor at the Insti- part did the Germans play in these events tute of History of the Polish Academy in Occupied Europe and how did they manipulate them for of Sciences and serves on the Advisory their own benefit? Delving into the source Board of the Museum of the Second Warsaw – Paris – The Hague – material for Warsaw, Paris, The Hague, World War in Gda´nsk. His special interest Amsterdam, Antwerp, and Kaunas, this comprises WWII, Nazi-occupied Poland, Amsterdam – Antwerp – Kaunas study is the first to take a comparative the resistance movement, and life in look at these questions. Looking closely Warsaw and other European cities under at events many would like to forget, the the German occupation. On the the Threshold of Holocaust ISBN 978-3-631-64048-7 GEP 11_264048_Szarota_AK_A5HC PLE edition new.indd 1 31.08.15 10:52 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 11 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Szarota Tomasz On the Threshold of the Holocaust In the early months of the German occu- volume describes various characters On the Threshold pation during WWII, many of Europe’s and their stories, revealing some striking major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, similarities and telling differences, while anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms raising tantalising questions. -
Theresienstadt Concentration Camp from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Coordinates: 50°30′48″N 14°10′1″E
Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Theresienstadt concentration camp From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Coordinates: 50°30′48″N 14°10′1″E "Theresienstadt" redirects here. For the town, see Terezín. Navigation Theresienstadt concentration camp, also referred to as Theresienstadt Ghetto,[1][2] Main page [3] was established by the SS during World War II in the fortress and garrison city of Contents Terezín (German name Theresienstadt), located in what is now the Czech Republic. Featured content During World War II it served as a Nazi concentration camp staffed by German Nazi Current events guards. Random article Tens of thousands of people died there, some killed outright and others dying from Donate to Wikipedia malnutrition and disease. More than 150,000 other persons (including tens of thousands of children) were held there for months or years, before being sent by rail Interaction transports to their deaths at Treblinka and Auschwitz extermination camps in occupied [4] Help Poland, as well as to smaller camps elsewhere. About Wikipedia Contents Community portal Recent changes 1 History The Small Fortress (2005) Contact Wikipedia 2 Main fortress 3 Command and control authority 4 Internal organization Toolbox 5 Industrial labor What links here 6 Western European Jews arrive at camp Related changes 7 Improvements made by inmates Upload file 8 Unequal treatment of prisoners Special pages 9 Final months at the camp in 1945 Permanent link 10 Postwar Location of the concentration camp in 11 Cultural activities and -
Tokarska-Bakir the Kraków Pogrom the Kraków Pogrom of 11 August
Tokarska-Bakir_The Kraków pogrom The Kraków Pogrom of 11 August 1945 against the Comparative Background 1. The aim of the conducted research/the research hypothesis The subject of the project is the analysis of the Kraków pogrom of August 1945 against the background of the preceding similar events in Poland (Rzeszów, June 1945) and abroad (Lviv, June 1945), as well as the Slovak and Hungarian pogroms at different times and places. The undertaking is a continuation of the research described in my book "Pod klątwą. Społeczny portret pogromu kieleckiego" (2018), in which I worked out a methodology of microhistorical analysis, allowing the composition of a pogrom crowd to be determined in a maximally objective manner. Thanks to the extensive biographical query it was possible to specify the composition of the forces of law and order of the Citizens' Militia (MO), the Internal Security Corps (KBW), and the Polish Army that were sent to suppress the Kielce pogrom, as well as to put forward hypotheses associated with the genesis of the event. The question which I will address in the presented project concerns the similarities and differences that exist between the pattern according to which the Kielce and Kraków pogroms developed. To what extent did the people who were within the structures of the forces of law and order, primarily communist militia, take part in it –those who murdered Jews during the war? Are the acts of anti-Semitic violence on the Polish, Ukrainian, and Slovak lands structurally similar or fundamentally different? What are the roles of the legend of blood (blood libel), the stereotype of Żydokomuna (Jewish communists), and demographical panic and panic connected with equal rights for Jews, which destabilised traditional social relations? In the framework of preparatory work I managed to initiate the studies on the Kraków pogrom in the IPN Archive (Institute of National Remembrance) and significantly advance the studies concerning the Ukrainian, Hungarian, and Slovak pogroms (the query was financed from the funds from the Marie Curie grant). -
JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER an Analysis of the Novels and Selected Short Stories
JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER An Analysis of the Novels and Selected Short Stories Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Philosophie an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Sandra MALLI am Institut für Anglistik Begutachter: Ao. Univ. – Prof. Dr. Martin Löschnigg Graz, im Dezember 2011 CONTENTS 1 Introduction .................................................................................... 1 1.1 List of Abbreviations ................................................................................ 3 2 Everything is Illuminated .............................................................. 4 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 4 2.2 Formal Analysis ........................................................................................ 5 2.2.1 Structure ............................................................................................................... 5 2.2.2 Narrative Situations .............................................................................................. 9 2.2.2.1 Alexander Perchov – Letters ......................................................................... 9 2.2.2.2 Alexander Perchov – Narration .................................................................. 11 2.2.2.3 The History of Trachimbrod ....................................................................... 13 2.3 Character Analysis .................................................................................. 19 2.3.1 -
SS-Totenkopfverbände from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia (Redirected from SS-Totenkopfverbande)
Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history SS-Totenkopfverbände From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from SS-Totenkopfverbande) Navigation Not to be confused with 3rd SS Division Totenkopf, the Waffen-SS fighting unit. Main page This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason Contents has been specified. Please help improve this article if you can. (December 2010) Featured content Current events This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding Random article citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2010) Donate to Wikipedia [2] SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV), rendered in English as "Death's-Head Units" (literally SS-TV meaning "Skull Units"), was the SS organization responsible for administering the Nazi SS-Totenkopfverbände Interaction concentration camps for the Third Reich. Help The SS-TV was an independent unit within the SS with its own ranks and command About Wikipedia structure. It ran the camps throughout Germany, such as Dachau, Bergen-Belsen and Community portal Buchenwald; in Nazi-occupied Europe, it ran Auschwitz in German occupied Poland and Recent changes Mauthausen in Austria as well as numerous other concentration and death camps. The Contact Wikipedia death camps' primary function was genocide and included Treblinka, Bełżec extermination camp and Sobibor. It was responsible for facilitating what was called the Final Solution, Totenkopf (Death's head) collar insignia, 13th Standarte known since as the Holocaust, in collaboration with the Reich Main Security Office[3] and the Toolbox of the SS-Totenkopfverbände SS Economic and Administrative Main Office or WVHA. -
2363 Luftaufnahme Des KZ Dachau, 20. April 1945 Aerial View of The
54 53 28 52 67 63 66 65 31 51 58 60 80 28 30 48 50 58 59 64 58 49 58 62 58 29 58 60 47 70 27 57 61 28 57 41 45 55 72 44 21 56 40 71 26 43 42 46 20 79 45 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 78 9 10 17 25 3 7 8 4 2 6 7 11 16 12 13 28 14 15 25 27 29 5 1 3 579 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 73 74 75 77 76 2363 Luftaufnahme des KZ Dachau, 20. April 1945 Luftbilddatenbank Ing. Büro Dr. Carls, Würzburg Aerial view of the Dachau concentration camp, April 20, 1945 Gebäude und Einrichtungen Buildings and facilities of the des KZ Dachau, 1945 Dachau concentration camp, 1945 Außenmauer/-zaun des KZ Krematoriumsbereich Exterior wall/fence of the Medicinal herb garden “plantation” concentration camp Umzäunung des Häftlingslagers mit Wachtürmen Heilkräutergarten „Plantage“ Fence of the Prisoners‘ camp Crematorium area with guard towers 1 Jourhaus mit Lagereingang 43 Werkstätten der Deutschen 1 Jourhaus with camp entrance 44 Commandants headquarters of the 2 Appellplatz Ausrüstungs-Werke (DAW) 2 Roll-call square concentration camp 3 Wirtschaftsgebäude 44 Kommandantur des Konzentrations- 3 Maintenance building 45 Political department (Gestapo) 4 Bunker lagers 4 Bunker (camp prison) 46 Barracks of the concentration camp 5 Straflager der Waffen-SS und Polizei 45 Politische Abteilung (Gestapo) 5 Penal camp of the Waffen SS and Police guards 6 Lagerstraße 46 Baracken-Unterkünfte der 6 The camp road 47 Paymaster offices of the Waffen SS 7 Baracken (Materiallager) KZ-Wachmannschaften 7 Barracks (lay down) 48 SS living quarter and administration 8 Lagermuseum, -
Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va
GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 32. Records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of the German Police (Part I) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1961 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as RG 242, Microfilm Publication T175. To order microfilm, write to the Publications Sales Branch (NEPS), National Archives and Records Service (GSA), Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not believed to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-9982 AMERICA! HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE fOR THE STUDY OP WAR DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECOBDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXAM)RIA, VA. No* 32» Records of the Reich Leader of the SS aad Chief of the German Police (HeiehsMhrer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) 1) THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION (AHA) COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF WAE DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA* This is part of a series of Guides prepared -
Israeli History
1 Ron’s Web Site • North Shore Flashpoints • http://northshoreflashpoints.blogspot.com/ 2 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wb6IiSUx pgw 3 British Mandate 1920 4 British Mandate Adjustment Transjordan Seperation-1923 5 Peel Commission Map 1937 6 British Mandate 1920 7 British Mandate Adjustment Transjordan Seperation-1923 8 9 10 • Israel after 1973 (Yom Kippur War) 11 Israel 1982 12 2005 Gaza 2005 West Bank 13 Questions & Issues • What is Zionism? • History of Zionism. • Zionism today • Different Types of Zionism • Pros & Cons of Zionism • Should Israel have been set up as a Jewish State or a Secular State • Would Israel have been created if no Holocaust? 14 Definition • Jewish Nationalism • Land of Israel • Jewish Identity • Opposes Assimilation • Majority in Jewish Nation Israel • Liberation from antisemetic discrimination and persecution that has occurred in diaspora 15 History • 16th Century, Joseph Nasi Portuguese Jews to Tiberias • 17th Century Sabbati Zebi – Declared himself Messiah – Gaza Settlement – Converted to Islam • 1860 Sir Moses Montefiore • 1882-First Aliyah, BILU Group – From Russia – Due to pogroms 16 Initial Reform Jewish Rejection • 1845- Germany-deleted all prayers for a return to Zion • 1869- Philadelphia • 1885- Pittsburgh "we consider ourselves no longer a nation, but a religious community; and we therefore expect neither a return to Palestine, nor a sacrificial worship under the sons of Aaron, nor the restoration of any of the laws concerning a Jewish state". 17 Theodore Herzl 18 Theodore Herzl 1860-1904 • Born in Pest, Hungary • Atheist, contempt for Judaism • Family moves to Vienna,1878 • Law student then Journalist • Paris correspondent for Neue Freie Presse 19 "The Traitor" Degradation of Alfred Dreyfus, 5th January 1895. -
Introduction
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. INTRODUCTION “We were taught as children”—I was told by a seventy- year-old Pole—“that we Poles never harmed anyone. A partial abandonment of this morally comfortable position is very, very difficult for me.” —Helga Hirsch, a German journalist, in Polityka, 24 February 2001 HE COMPLEX and often acrimonious debate about the charac- ter and significance of the massacre of the Jewish population of T the small Polish town of Jedwabne in the summer of 1941—a debate provoked by the publication of Jan Gross’s Sa˛siedzi: Historia za- głady z˙ydowskiego miasteczka (Sejny, 2000) and its English translation Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland (Princeton, 2001)—is part of a much wider argument about the totali- tarian experience of Europe in the twentieth century. This controversy reflects the growing preoccupation with the issue of collective memory, which Henri Rousso has characterized as a central “value” reflecting the spirit of our time.1 One key element in the understanding of collec- tive memory is the “dark past” of nations—those aspects of the na- tional past that provoke shame, guilt, and regret; this past needs to be integrated into the national collective identity, which itself is continu- ally being reformulated.2 In this sense, memory has to be understood as a public discourse that helps to build group identity and is inevita- bly entangled in a relationship of mutual dependence with other iden- tity-building processes. -
Israeli Historiograhy's Treatment of The
Yechiam Weitz Dialectical versus Unequivocal Israeli Historiography’s Treatment of the Yishuv and Zionist Movement Attitudes toward the Holocaust In November 1994, I helped organize a conference called “Vision and Revision.” Its subject was to be “One Hundred Years of Zionist Histo- riography,”1 but in fact it focused on the stormy debate between Zionists and post-Zionists or Old and New Historians, a theme that pervaded Is- rael’s public and academic discourse at the time. The discussion revolved around a number of topics and issues, such as the birth of the Arab refugee question in the War of Independence and matters concerning the war itself. Another key element of the controversy involved the attitude of the Yishuv (the Jewish community in prestate Israel) and the Zionist move- ment toward the Holocaust. There were several parts to the question: what was the goal of the Yishuv and the Zionist leadership—to save the Jews who were perishing in smoldering Europe or to save Zionism? What was more important to Zionism—to add a new cowshed at Kib- butz ‘Ein Harod and purchase another dunam of land in the Negev or Galilee or the desperate attempt to douse the European inferno with a cup of water? What, in those bleak times, motivated the head of the or- ganized Yishuv, David Ben-Gurion: “Palestinocentrism,” and perhaps even loathing for diaspora Jewry, or the agonizing considerations of a leader in a period of crisis unprecedented in human history? These questions were not confined to World War II and the destruc- tion of European Jewry (1939–45) but extended back to the 1930s and forward to the postwar years. -
Flyer IHRA.Indd
International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (Ed.) Killing Sites Research and Remembrance Co-Ed.: Steering Committee: Dr. Thomas Lutz (Topography of Terror Foundation, Berlin), Dr. David Silberklang (Yad Vashem, Jerusalem), Dr. Piotr Trojański (Institute of History, Pedagogical University of Krakow), Dr. Juliane Wetzel (Center for Research on Antisemitism, TU Berlin), Dr. Miriam Bistrovic (Project Coordinator) IHRA series, vol. 1 More than 2,000,000 Jews were killed by shooting during the Holocaust Metropol Verlag at several thousand mass killing sites across Europe. e International März 2015 Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) aims to raise awareness of ISBN: ---- this centrally important aspect of the Holocaust by bringing together Seiten · ,– Euro organizations and individuals dealing with the subject. is publication is the rst relatively comprehensive and up-to-date anthology on the topic that re ects both the research and the eldwork on the Killing Sites. ........................................................................................................................................ INTRODUCTORY LECTURES REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES David Silberklang: Killing Sites – Research and Remembrance Jacek Waligóra: “Periphery of Remembrance”. Dobromil and Lacko Introduction to the Conference and IHRA Perspective Alti Rodal: e Ukrainian Jewish Encounter’s Position and Dieter Pohl: Historiography and Nazi Killing Sites Aims in Relation to Killing Sites in the Territory of Ukraine Andrej Angrick: Operation 1005: e Nazi Regime’s Meylakh -
YOUR ENGINES! Accelerating Into the Future with Forsyth Tech’S New Transportation Technology Center
Vol. 5, No. 1 } Winter 2012 Tech Quarterly The Magazine of Forsyth Technical Community College STA RT YOUR ENGINES! Accelerating into the future with Forsyth Tech’s new Transportation Technology Center IN THIS ISSUE: BACK TO WORK Creating New Career Paths CHILDREN WHO SURVIVED The Town that Defied the Holocaust THE LEGO CHALLENGE May the Best Bot Win Table of Contents If it has wheels, Forsyth Tech’s students can work on it. p. 01 From the President On the Move I The transportation technology programs, which have been a part of Dr. Gary M. Green the college since its earliest days, now have a home worthy of their mission. The new Transportation Technology Center brings all the automotive programs together and provides a fitting venue for the high-tech training programs that now equip Sometimes I look in the mirror and I think, students for careers in the transportation industry, from race car t’s the American way. No project too small: ‘You know, Mobility – from covered wagons technology to collision repair to heavy equipment. Starting from this Students painted I beautiful new center, Forsyth Tech’s students are ready to hit the road. this vintage toy car. to railroads to the Interstate highway you’ve come system – has created the dynamic so- Not only are you a mom ciety we live in today. It has formed our and a wife, economy and our self-image. This year Contents 6 Tech Quarterly so far. Forsyth Tech has placed itself squarely in the forefront of that tradition with the opening of our new Transportation Technology Center.