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Reclaimed Water Facilities Manual the Purple Book Reclaimed Water Facilities Manual The Purple Book Washington State Department of Ecology and the Washington State Department of Health Revised February 2019 Publication no. 15-10-024 Publication and Contact Information This report is available on the Department of Ecology’s website at https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/SummaryPages/1510024.html. For more information contact: Water Quality Program P.O. Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 Phone: 360-407-6600 Washington State Department of Ecology - www.ecology.wa.gov o Headquarters, Olympia 360-407-6000 o Northwest Regional Office, Bellevue 425-649-7000 o Southwest Regional Office, Olympia 360-407-6300 o Central Regional Office, Union Gap 509- 575-2490 o Eastern Regional Office, Spokane 509-329-3400 Accommodation Requests: To request ADA accommodation including materials in a format for the visually impaired, call Ecology at 360-407-6600 or visit https://ecology.wa.gov/accessibility. People with impaired hearing may call Washington Relay Service at 711. People with speech disability may call TTY at 877-833-6341. Reclaimed Water Facilities Manual The Purple Book Water Quality Program Washington State Department of Ecology Olympia, Washington ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Initial draft provided by Jim McCauley, former ECOLOGY - WQP Coalition for Clean Water provided funding to contract with Gray & Osborne, Inc., Seattle, Washington, to provide additional drafting and technical support; Ken Alexander, P.E., Jay Swift, P.E., Chad Newton, P.E. Initial review and comments Ecology and Health: provided by: Douglas C. Howie, P.E., ECOLOGY – WQP LOTT Eleanor Ott, P.E., ECOLOGY – WQP King County Shawn McKone, P.E., ECOLOGY – WQP City of Olympia Spokane County Dainis Kleinbergs, P.E., ECOLOGY - WQP Jocelyn W. Jones, ECOLOGY - WQP Mary Shaleen-Hansen – ECOLOGY WQP Llyn Doremus, ECOLOGY – WQP Mamdouh El-Aarag, P.E., Department of Health Kathleen Emmett, ECOLOGY - WQP Alison Evans, ECOLOGY - WQP Guy Gregory, ECOLOGY - WRP Mark Henley, ECOLOGY - WQP Jennifer Holderman, ECOLOGY - WRP Nancy Kmet, ECOLOGY – WQP Denise Lahmann – Department of Health Dennis McDonald, ECOLOGY - WQP Vincent McGowan, ECOLOGY – WQP Lucy Peterschmidt, ECOLOGY - WQP Megan Rounds, ECOLOGY – WQP Keith Stoffel, ECOLOGY - WRP Diana Washington, ECOLOGY – WQP Ann Wessel, ECOLOGY - WRP Douglas Wood, ECOLOGY - WRP Greg Zentner, ECOLOGY - WQP Kenneth Ziebart, ECOLOGY – WQP Sanjay Barik, ECOLOGY - WQP Table of Contents Page 1 Introduction........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Purpose of This Manual ....................................................................................1 1.2 Protection of Public Health ...............................................................................1 1.3 Overview of Reclaimed Water ..........................................................................2 2 Definitions ...........................................................................................................................5 2.1 Definitions (WAC 173-219-010) ......................................................................5 2.2 Abbreviations and Acronyms .........................................................................14 3 Regulatory Framework ...................................................................................................17 3.1 Reclaimed Water Rule ....................................................................................17 3.2 Reclaimed Water Permits ...............................................................................21 Wastewater discharge permits ........................................................................21 Water right permits .........................................................................................22 Reclaimed water permit ..................................................................................22 3.3 Agricultural Industrial Process Water and Industrial Reuse Water ................23 3.4 Multiple Regulatory Agency Review Process ................................................24 3.5 Water Rights Considerations ..........................................................................24 4 Water Rights ....................................................................................................................27 4.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................27 4.2 Applicant and Agency Responsibilities ..........................................................27 Applicant Responsibilities ...............................................................................28 Ecology Responsibilities .................................................................................28 4.3 Water Right Impairment .................................................................................29 4.4 Instream Flow Water Rights ...........................................................................30 4.5 Impairment Analysis .......................................................................................31 4.6 Completing an Impairment Analysis ..............................................................31 Impairment Action Plan ..................................................................................32 5 The Planning and Permitting Process ............................................................................33 5.1 Determination of Lead Agency .......................................................................34 5.2 Planning Process .............................................................................................34 5.2.1 Pre-planning Steps ..........................................................................................35 5.2.2 Pre-Planning Meeting .....................................................................................36 5.2.3 Planning Documents .......................................................................................37 5.2.4 Feasibility Analysis .........................................................................................39 5.2.5 Private Utility Capacity ..................................................................................45 5.2.6 Engineering Report .........................................................................................46 5.2.7 Plans, Specifications and Construction Documents .......................................57 5.2.8 Operation and Maintenance Manuals ............................................................61 5.2.9 Operator Certification ....................................................................................67 5.2.10 Use and Distribution Agreements ....................................................................69 5.2.11 Use Site Evaluation .........................................................................................71 5.3 Permitting Process Overview ..........................................................................71 5.4 Ecology Role ...................................................................................................74 Reclaimed Water Facilities Manual Page i 5.4.1 Agricultural Industrial Process Water Reuse Permits ....................................74 5.4.2 Industrial Process Water Reuse Permits ........................................................75 5.5 Department of Health Role .............................................................................76 Public Health Risk Consultation .....................................................................76 5.6 Public Role ......................................................................................................77 6 Treatment Performance, Monitoring, and Reliability .................................................79 6.1 Source Control and Pretreatment ....................................................................79 6.2 Technology-Based Treatment Requirements ..................................................79 6.3 Equivalent Treatment Processes .....................................................................82 6.4 Monitoring Conditions ....................................................................................83 Reclaimed Water Monitoring ..........................................................................83 6.5 Reliability Guidelines .....................................................................................85 7 Storage, Distribution, and Use ........................................................................................90 7.1 Operational Storage and Other Impoundments ...............................................90 7.2 Chlorine Residual ............................................................................................94 7.3 Discharges from Distribution System for Maintenance Purposes ..................95 7.4 Distribution System Construction Standards ..................................................95 7.5 Labeling Reclaimed Water Components ........................................................99 7.6 Cross-Connection Control ............................................................................101 of Contaminants ..................................................................................102 Reclaimed Water Facilities Manual Page ii 7.7 General Use Area Requirements ...................................................................119 7.8 Conveying Reclaimed Water in Surface Waters of the State .......................122 7.9 Facilities Producing both Class
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