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Industrial Melanism" Debate
Rev. Biol. Trop., 46(2): 297-330, 1998 Spatial distribution, territoriaiity and sound production by tropical cryptic buUerflies (Hamadryas, Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): implications forthe· '''industrial melanism" debate 2 Julián Monge-Nájera 1, Francisco Hernández María Isabel González 3, Javier Soley 4, José Araya4 and Stefano Zolla 5 Centro de Investigación Académica, UNED, Costa Rica. Mailing address: Biología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 Costa Rica; fax (506)2075550; [email protected]. 2 Unidad de Microscopia Electrónica, 3 Escuela de Estadística, 4 Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 Costa Rica 5 Centro Intemazionale Crocevia, Via Ferraironi 88G, 00172, Roma, ltaly. Received 23-V-1997. Corrected 19-1I-1998. Accepted 13-1I1-1998. Absh:act: Neotropical buttert1ies of the genus Hamadryas, noted by the emission of sound, spend much lime perching on trees and are believed 10 be cryptically pattemed and colored with respecI lo Iree trunks and branches ¡hey use asperching siles, bul ¡he subject had not been studied previously. This paper describes spatial distribution, territoriality¡¡nd sound production in five species, under natural conditions: Hamadryas amphinome (Lucas, 1853), H. februa (Godart, 1824), H. feronia (Fruhstorfer, 1916), H. glaucollome (Bates, 1864) andH. guatemalena (Bates, ! 864). Tree characteristics anduse by bunerflies were recorded under natural conditions in open habitats (grassland thinly eovered with trees) in Costa Riea and Panama, avoidíng the problems thal affected previous natural selection studies in Biston betularía (the "industrial melanism" moth). Males perched on the trees and used Ihem as courting territories. The butterflies perched more oflen on sorne individual trees, and dia no! use olhers. -
Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) of the Área De
Biota Neotropica 15(3): e20140118, 2015 www.scielo.br/bn inventory Fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) of the A´ rea de Protec¸a˜o Especial Manancial Mutuca, Nova Lima and Species list for the Region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Andre´ Roberto Melo Silva1,3,4, Douglas Vitor Pontes1, Marco Paulo Guimara˜es1,3, Marina Vicente de Oliveira1, Lucas Tito Faria de Assis1 & Marcio Uehara-Prado2 1Centro Universita´rio UNA, Faculdade de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas e da Sau´de, Rua Guajajaras, 175, Centro, CEP 30180-100, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 2Instituto Neotropical: Pesquisa e Conservac¸a˜o Caixa Postal 19009, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. 3Rede de Pesquisa e Conservac¸a˜o de Lepido´pteros de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 4Corresponding author: Andre´ Roberto Melo Silva, e-mail: andrerml.hotmail.com SILVA, A.R.M., PONTES, D.V., GUIMARA˜ ES, M.P., OLIVEIRA, M.V., ASSIS, L.T.F., UEHARA- PRADO, M. Fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) of the A´ rea de Protec¸a˜o Especial Manancial Mutuca, Nova Lima and Species list for the Region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Biota Neotropica. 15(3): e20140118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-06032015011814 Abstract: A study of the assembly of fruit-feeding butterflies in the A´ rea de Protec¸a˜o Especial Manancial Mutuca, Nova Lima, MG was conducted with the goal of inventorying the species of the site. Forty-two traps were used to attract fruit-feeding butterflies, divided between Cerrado (rupestrian field) and riparian vegetation, monthly over one year. 2245 butterflies, which belonged to 63 species, were recorded. -
Title Butterflies Collected in and Around Lambir Hills National Park
Butterflies collected in and around Lambir Hills National Park, Title Sarawak, Malaysia in Borneo ITIOKA, Takao; YAMAMOTO, Takuji; TZUCHIYA, Taizo; OKUBO, Tadahiro; YAGO, Masaya; SEKI, Yasuo; Author(s) OHSHIMA, Yasuhiro; KATSUYAMA, Raiichiro; CHIBA, Hideyuki; YATA, Osamu Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto Citation University (2009), 30(1): 25-68 Issue Date 2009-03-27 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/156421 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University Contn bioL Lab, Kyoto Univ., Vot. 30, pp. 25-68 March 2009 Butterflies collected in and around Lambir Hills National ParK SarawaK Malaysia in Borneo Takao ITioKA, Takuji YAMAMo'rD, Taizo TzucHiyA, Tadahiro OKuBo, Masaya YAGo, Yasuo SEKi, Yasuhiro OHsHIMA, Raiichiro KATsuyAMA, Hideyuki CHiBA and Osamu YATA ABSTRACT Data ofbutterflies collected in Lambir Hills National Patk, Sarawak, Malaysia in Borneo, and in ks surrounding areas since 1996 are presented. In addition, the data ofobservation for several species wimessed but not caught are also presented. In tota1, 347 butterfly species are listed with biological information (habitat etc.) when available. KEY WORDS Lepidoptera! inventory1 tropical rainforesti species diversity1 species richness! insect fauna Introduction The primary lowland forests in the Southeast Asian (SEA) tropics are characterized by the extremely species-rich biodiversity (Whitmore 1998). Arthropod assemblages comprise the main part of the biodiversity in tropical rainforests (Erwin 1982, Wilson 1992). Many inventory studies have been done focusing on various arthropod taxa to reveal the species-richness of arthropod assemblages in SEA tropical rainforests (e.g. Holloway & lntachat 2003). The butterfly is one of the most studied taxonomic groups in arthropods in the SEA region; the accumulated information on the taxonomy and geographic distribution were organized by Tsukada & Nishiyama (1980), Yata & Morishita (1981), Aoki et al. -
MEET the BUTTERFLIES Identify the Butter Ies You've Seen at Butter Ies
MEET THE BUTTERFLIES Identify the butteries you’ve seen at Butteries LIVE! Learn the scientic, common name and country of origin. Experience the wonderful world of butteries with the help of Butteries LIVE! COMMON MORPHO Morpho peleides Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico to Colombia Wingspan: 5-8 in. (12.7 – 20.3 cm.) Fast Fact: Common morphos are attracted to fermenting fruits. WHITE MORPHO Morpho polyphemus Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico to Central America Wingspan: 4-4.75 in. (10-12 cm.) Fast Fact: Adult white morphos prefer to feed on rotting fruits or sap from trees. WHITENED BLUEWING Myscelia cyaniris Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico, parts of Central and South America Wingspan: 1.3-1.4 in. (3.3-3.6 cm.) Fast Fact: The underside of the whitened bluewing is silvery- gray, allowing it to blend in on bark and branches. MEXICAN BLUEWING Myscelia ethusa Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia Wingspan: 2.5-3.0 in. (6.4-7.6 cm.) Fast Fact: Young caterpillars attach dung pellets and silk to a leaf vein to create a resting perch. NEW GUINEA BIRDWING Ornithoptera priamus Family: Papilionidae Range: Australia Wingspan: 5 in. (12.7 cm.) Fast Fact: New Guinea birdwings are sexually dimorphic. Females are much larger than the males, and their wings are black with white markings. LEARN MORE ABOUT SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN BUTTERFLIES > MOCKER SWALLOWTAIL Papilio dardanus Family: Papilionidae Range: Africa Wingspan: 3.9-4.7 in. (10-12 cm.) Fast Fact: The male mocker swallowtail has a tail, while the female is tailless. LEARN MORE ABOUT SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC BUTTERFLIES > ORCHARD SWALLOWTAIL Papilio demodocus Family: Papilionidae Range: Africa and Arabia Wingspan: 4.5 in. -
A Compilation and Analysis of Food Plants Utilization of Sri Lankan Butterfly Larvae (Papilionoidea)
MAJOR ARTICLE TAPROBANICA, ISSN 1800–427X. August, 2014. Vol. 06, No. 02: pp. 110–131, pls. 12, 13. © Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia & Taprobanica Private Limited, Homagama, Sri Lanka http://www.sljol.info/index.php/tapro A COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF FOOD PLANTS UTILIZATION OF SRI LANKAN BUTTERFLY LARVAE (PAPILIONOIDEA) Section Editors: Jeffrey Miller & James L. Reveal Submitted: 08 Dec. 2013, Accepted: 15 Mar. 2014 H. D. Jayasinghe1,2, S. S. Rajapaksha1, C. de Alwis1 1Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, 762/A, Yatihena, Malwana, Sri Lanka 2 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies are poorly documented in the historical literature and there is a great need to identify LFPs in conservation perspectives. Therefore, the current study was designed and carried out during the past decade. A list of LFPs for 207 butterfly species (Super family Papilionoidea) of Sri Lanka is presented based on local studies and includes 785 plant-butterfly combinations and 480 plant species. Many of these combinations are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. The impact of introducing new plants on the dynamics of abundance and distribution of butterflies, the possibility of butterflies being pests on crops, and observations of LFPs of rare butterfly species, are discussed. This information is crucial for the conservation management of the butterfly fauna in Sri Lanka. Key words: conservation, crops, larval food plants (LFPs), pests, plant-butterfly combination. Introduction Butterflies go through complete metamorphosis 1949). As all herbivorous insects show some and have two stages of food consumtion. -
Nymphalidae, Brassolinae) from Panama, with Remarks on Larval Food Plants for the Subfamily
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 5,3 (4), 1999, 142- 152 EARLY STAGES OF CALICO ILLIONEUS AND C. lDOMENEUS (NYMPHALIDAE, BRASSOLINAE) FROM PANAMA, WITH REMARKS ON LARVAL FOOD PLANTS FOR THE SUBFAMILY. CARLA M. PENZ Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA , and Curso de P6s-Gradua9ao em Biocicncias, Pontiffcia Universidade Cat61ica do Rio Grande do SuI, Av. Ipiranga 6681, FOlto Alegre, RS 90619-900, BRAZIL ANNETTE AIELLO Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apdo. 2072, Balboa, Ancon, HEPUBLIC OF PANAMA AND ROBERT B. SRYGLEY Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apdo. 2072, Balboa, Ancon, REPUBLIC OF PANAMA, and Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX13PS, ENGLAND ABSTRACT, Here we describe the complete life cycle of Galigo illioneus oberon Butler and the mature larva and pupa of C. idomeneus (L.). The mature larva and pupa of each species are illustrated. We also provide a compilation of host records for members of the Brassolinae and briefly address the interaction between these butterflies and their larval food plants, Additional key words: Central America, host records, monocotyledonous plants, larval food plants. The nymphalid subfamily Brassolinae includes METHODS Neotropical species of large body size and crepuscular habits, both as caterpillars and adults (Harrison 1963, Between 25 May and .31 December, 1994 we Casagrande 1979, DeVries 1987, Slygley 1994). Larvae searched for ovipositing female butterflies along generally consume large quantities of plant material to Pipeline Road, Soberania National Park, Panama, mo reach maturity, a behavior that may be related as much tivated by a study on Caligo mating behavior (Srygley to the low nutrient content of their larval food plants & Penz 1999). -
Growing a Wild NYC: a K-5 Urban Pollinator Curriculum Was Made Possible Through the Generous Support of Our Funders
A K-5 URBAN POLLINATOR CURRICULUM Growing a Wild NYC LESSON 1: HABITAT HUNT The National Wildlife Federation Uniting all Americans to ensure wildlife thrive in a rapidly changing world Through educational programs focused on conservation and environmental knowledge, the National Wildlife Federation provides ways to create a lasting base of environmental literacy, stewardship, and problem-solving skills for today’s youth. Growing a Wild NYC: A K-5 Urban Pollinator Curriculum was made possible through the generous support of our funders: The Seth Sprague Educational and Charitable Foundation is a private foundation that supports the arts, housing, basic needs, the environment, and education including professional development and school-day enrichment programs operating in public schools. The Office of the New York State Attorney General and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation through the Greenpoint Community Environmental Fund. Written by Nina Salzman. Edited by Sarah Ward and Emily Fano. Designed by Leslie Kameny, Kameny Design. © 2020 National Wildlife Federation. Permission granted for non-commercial educational uses only. All rights reserved. September - January Lesson 1: Habitat Hunt Page 8 Lesson 2: What is a Pollinator? Page 20 Lesson 3: What is Pollination? Page 30 Lesson 4: Why Pollinators? Page 39 Lesson 5: Bee Survey Page 45 Lesson 6: Monarch Life Cycle Page 55 Lesson 7: Plants for Pollinators Page 67 Lesson 8: Flower to Seed Page 76 Lesson 9: Winter Survival Page 85 Lesson 10: Bee Homes Page 97 February -
BULLETIN of the ALLYN MUSEUM 3621 Bayshore Rd
BULLETIN OF THE ALLYN MUSEUM 3621 Bayshore Rd. Sarasota, Florida 34234 Published By Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611 Number 125 5 April 1989 ISSN-0097-3211 NEOTROPICAL NYMPHALIDAE VII. REVISION OF NESSAEA Dale W. Jenkins 3028 Tanglewood Drive, Sarasota. FL 34239; Research Associate, Allyn Museum of Entomology A. INTRODUCTION Nessaea is a small distinctive genus of colorful butterflies in the subfamily Eurytelinae. The male and female adults have a bright, turquoise blue, diagonal crossband on the dorsal forewing, and unique apple-green coloration on the ventral surfaces of the wings. The males are black above, and most species have some orange on the dorsal hindwings. The females are brownish above with a blue crossband. Striking differences in wing coloration and pattern appear to reflect a record of phylogenetic history in both species and subspecies. Nessaea and Catonephele were previously combined in the genus Epicalia, and a revision by Stichel (1899) included Nessaea and Myscelia in the genus Catonephele. Rober, in Seitz (1915), and other authors have recognized Nessaea as a separate genus. Vane-Wright (1979) revised Nessaea based on specimens in European museums. He designated lectotypes, but did not formally recognize subspecies. He presented a cladistic study based on eight wing color/pattern elements. His revision was of great value in the present study. A phylogenetic and biogeographic study of the subtribe Catonephelina (Jenkins, unpub.) indicates that it is comprised of four monophyletic genera, Catonephele, Nessaea, Myscelia and a new genus Catocelia. Cladistic analyses required morphological studies and a revision of Nessaea to allow morphological comparisons with Myscelia and Catonephele (revised by Jenkins, 1984 and 1985, respectively). -
Diplomarbeit
DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „UV- und Polarisationssignale bei Tagfaltern“ Verfasserin Sandra Schneider angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Naturwissenschaften (Mag.rer.nat.) Wien, 2012 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 439 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Diplomstudium Zoologie (Stzw) UniStG Betreuer: O. Univ.- Prof. Dr. Hannes F. Paulus 1 Für Papa 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis Danksagung ............................................................................................................................ 5 Abstract .................................................................................................................................... 6 Einleitung................................................................................................................................. 7 Material und Methode ...................................................................................................... 14 Untersuchungen am Rasterelektronenmikroskop .................................................. 14 Untersuchung des Schillereffekts aus versch. Betrachtungswinkeln ................. 15 Untersuchung der Polarisationsmuster ..................................................................... 17 Untersuchung der UV-Muster ...................................................................................... 21 Untersuchung zum Thema Wärmeschutz ................................................................. 21 Ergebnisse ............................................................................................................................ -
INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a Synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a Historical Sketch
ZOOLOGÍA-TAXONOMÍA www.unal.edu.co/icn/publicaciones/caldasia.htm Caldasia 31(2):407-440. 2009 HACIA UNA SÍNTESIS DE LOS PAPILIONOIDEA (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a historical sketch JOSÉ LUIS SALINAS-GUTIÉRREZ El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] CLAUDIO MÉNDEZ Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos, Ciudad Universitaria, Campus Central USAC, Zona 12. Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] MERCEDES BARRIOS Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas (CECON), Universidad de San Carlos, Avenida La Reforma 0-53, Zona 10, Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] CARMEN POZO El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] JORGE LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. Apartado Postal 70-399, México D.F. 04510; México. [email protected]. Autor responsable. RESUMEN La riqueza biológica de Mesoamérica es enorme. Dentro de esta gran área geográfi ca se encuentran algunos de los ecosistemas más diversos del planeta (selvas tropicales), así como varios de los principales centros de endemismo en el mundo (bosques nublados). Países como Guatemala, en esta gran área biogeográfi ca, tiene grandes zonas de bosque húmedo tropical y bosque mesófi lo, por esta razón es muy importante para analizar la diversidad en la región. Lamentablemente, la fauna de mariposas de Guatemala es poco conocida y por lo tanto, es necesario llevar a cabo un estudio y análisis de la composición y la diversidad de las mariposas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) en Guatemala. -
Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a Coastal Plain Area in the State of Paraná, Brazil
62 TROP. LEPID. RES., 26(2): 62-67, 2016 LEVISKI ET AL.: Butterflies in Paraná Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a coastal plain area in the state of Paraná, Brazil Gabriela Lourenço Leviski¹*, Luziany Queiroz-Santos¹, Ricardo Russo Siewert¹, Lucy Mila Garcia Salik¹, Mirna Martins Casagrande¹ and Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke¹ ¹ Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19.020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]٭ Abstract: The coastal plain environments of southern Brazil are neglected and poorly represented in Conservation Units. In view of the importance of sampling these areas, the present study conducted the first butterfly inventory of a coastal area in the state of Paraná. Samples were taken in the Floresta Estadual do Palmito, from February 2014 through January 2015, using insect nets and traps for fruit-feeding butterfly species. A total of 200 species were recorded, in the families Hesperiidae (77), Nymphalidae (73), Riodinidae (20), Lycaenidae (19), Pieridae (7) and Papilionidae (4). Particularly notable records included the rare and vulnerable Pseudotinea hemis (Schaus, 1927), representing the lowest elevation record for this species, and Temenis huebneri korallion Fruhstorfer, 1912, a new record for Paraná. These results reinforce the need to direct sampling efforts to poorly inventoried areas, to increase knowledge of the distribution and occurrence patterns of butterflies in Brazil. Key words: Atlantic Forest, Biodiversity, conservation, inventory, species richness. INTRODUCTION the importance of inventories to knowledge of the fauna and its conservation, the present study inventoried the species of Faunal inventories are important for providing knowledge butterflies of the Floresta Estadual do Palmito. -
Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera in the Hill Museum
Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries CATALOGUE OF THE Type Specimens of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera IN THE HILL MUSEUM BY A. G. GABRIEL, F.E.S. Issued June, 1932 LONDON JOHN BALE, SONS & DANIELSSON, LTD. 83-91, GBEAT TITCHFIELD STEEET, OXEOED STEEET, W. 1 1932 Price 20/- Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries Unfortunately Mr. Joicey did not live to see the publication of this Catalogue. It will however remain, together with the four completed volumes of the " Bulletin of the Hill Museum," as a lasting memorial to to the magnificent collection of Lepidoptera amassed by Mr. Joicey, and to the work carried out at the Hill Museum under his auspices. G. Talbot. Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries CATALOGUE OF THE TYPE SPECIMENS OF LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA IN THE HILL MUSEUM. By A. G. GABRIEL, F.E.S. INTRODUCTION BY G. TALBOT. It is important to know exactly where type specimens are to be found. The British Museum set an example by publishing catalogues of some of their Rhopalocera types, and we hope this will be continued. Mr. Gabriel, who was responsible for that work, has been asked by Mr. Joicey to prepare a catalogue for the Hill Museum. The original description of almost every name in this catalogue has been examined for the correct reference, and where the sex or habitat was wrongly quoted, the necessary correction has been made.