Tems-In-United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

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Title |tems-in-United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Date Created 04/03/1976

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!»<* The}letter from Tolba to Governments referred to in his letter has not yet been released. This letter will elaborate in the note verbale from the Secretary-General and complement it. 2** She usual format to approach Governments is note verbale* Mr* Tolba is willing to accept this format* Mr. Brown agrees to send out the note that we shall prepare* 3.~ Specialized agencies have already been approached by Mr* Tolba. Therefore, it is not necessary to ask Narasimhan's office to worlfc on this. Mr. Muller has been informed* 4.- Mr* Tolba agrees to write to NGOs in tarder to draw fo their attention on behalf of the Secretary-General the relevant parts of resolution 32/172* 5.~ The text of the resolution has not yet been finalized, it has to be checked with Mr. Gazarian's . office* • • 6.- Mr. Tolba is aware of the fact that resolution 32/172 is of concern for several departments. He would lifce to know who is responsible for co-ordination* j told Mr* Brown that in compliance with Mr. Buffura's memo in the implementation of the resolution adopted by the General Assembly, UKEP was the ftead agency for resolution 32/172 and was therefore; responsible for this co-ordination.

Jean-Paul Barre

1 March 78 JPB/MM cc: b/f; AR/Ftfe/]

1 March 1978

Dear Mr. Tolba, On behalf of the Secretary-General, X wish to acknowledge with thanks your letter of 1 February 1978, concerning the implementation of resolution 32/172, entitled "united sf-j Nations Conference on Desertification" adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 1977* Your thoughtfulness in reminding us of the General Assembly's request to the Secretary- General to draw the attention of Member States and inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations to relevant parts of this resolution, was very much appreciated* However, as you may be aware, it has been customary to use the format of a note verbale from the Secretary-General fo£ this kind of correspondence* Therefore, I am attaching the text of a note verbale, which follows the lines of the letter which you were kind enough to prepare* Your liaison office in New York could arrange to have it transmitted to all the Permanent Representatives to the United nations*

Mr* Mostafa Tolba nations Environment \

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As concerns your draft letter to non- governmental organizations, I would suggest that you night wish to send this in your own name, on behalf of the Secretary-Oeneral. With warm regards,

Yosrs sincerely,

Rafeeuddi n Ahmed Executive Assistant to the Secretary-General

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POSTAL ADUHES1- •AUHCSsr. 1'OSIALl. UNITED NATIONS. N V 1OO17

CAIILE ADDRESS ADRCSSK T EL F.ORAPH IOU C UNATIONS NKWYOHK

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Le Secretaire general des Nations Unies presente ses compliments au Repr^sentant permanent de aupres de I1Organisation des Nations Unies, et a 1'honneur de se r£fe*rer a la Resolution 32/172, intituiee "Conference des Nations Unies sur la desertification", adoptee par I'Assembiee g6n6rale le 19 decembre 1977.

Le Secretaire general souhaite appeler 1'attention du Gouvernement de Son Excellence en particulier sur les paragraphes 4, 5, 9 et 14 du dispositif de cette Resolution qui se lisent ainsi :

"L'Assembiee

"4. Demande a tous les gouvernements d'examiner en priorite les recommandations concernant 1'action nationale qui figurent a la section IV du Plan d1action pour lutter centre la desertification et, le cas echeant, 1'opportunite de creer un organisrae national pour coordonner, consolider et executer les programmes nationaux visant a combattre la desertification;

• •*/•• UNITED NATIONS f^)| NATIONS UNIES

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"5. Recommande que les pays touches par la desertification entreprennent de cooperer ou intensifient leur cooperation a I1echelon sous- regional, selon les besoins, avec 1'assistance necessaire du Programme des Nations Unies pour 1'environnement et d'autres organismes s'occupant de cette question, en vue de formuler des programmes communs specifiques et des demandes d'aide au developpement pour executer le Plan d1action;"

"9. Demande a tous les pays, en particulier aux pays dSvelopp^s, ainsi qu'aux institutions financieres multilat^rales et aux donateurs non gouvernementaux, de fournir une assistance accrue aux pays gravement touches par la desertification, en vue sp^cialement du financement de leurs programmes- sou s-r^gionaux et re"gionaux et des pro jets SlaborSs dans le cadre d1accords de consortium appropries, comme ceux qui int^ressent la ceinture verte du Sahel, et prie instamment les pays en deVeloppement de donner la priorite qui s'impose aux problemes de la desertification dans leurs demandes d1assistance au developpement;"

"14. Prie le Secretaire general cfe prendre contact avec les Etats Membres et les organisations et organisraes competents des Nations Unies, ainsi qu'avec les institutions scientifiques travaillant UNITED NATIONS PSKJg NATIONS UNIES

- 3 - dans ce domaine en dehors du cadre des Nations Unies, en vue d'avancer les recherches scientifiques sur la desertification et le d£veloppement et raffinement des donne"es y relatives pour combler les lacunes actuelles des connaissances scientifiques et de la technologic, et en vue de poursuivre 1'Elaboration de la carte mondiale de la d^sertifi- cation sur la base des recommandations pertinentes de la Conference;"

Le Secretaire general souhaite que conformS- ment a cette demande, le gouvernement de Son Excellence et les institutions scientifiques interessees de Son pays apportent leur contribution a cette tflche importante. Afin de permettre une coordination de ces activit^s dans le cadre d'un programme mondial, il serait utile que les propositions que le gouvernement de Son Excellence pourrait avoir a faire dans ce domaine, soient conuuuniquees au Directeur exScutif du Programme des Nations Unies pour 1'environnement qui a 6t6 charge d'assurer une telle coordination. Les partici- pations des Etats Membres aux programmes correspondant etablis dans le cadre de la cooperation regionale^ qu'il s'agisse des commissions regionales des Nations Unies ou d'autres organisations regionales, seraient egalement

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UNITED NATIONS |^| NATIONS UNIES

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Le Secretaire g£ne"ral souhaite saisir cette occasion pour informer le ReprSsentant permanent que conformement au paragraphe 8 de la Resolution 32/172, le Directeur executif du Programme des Nations Unies pour 1'environnement, de mSme que le comite de coordination pour 1'environnement ont ete charge's de suivre et de coordonner la mise en application du Plan d«action pour combattre la' desertification. En application de la Resolution 27 de ce Plan d'action, le Directeur executif a pris les mesures necessaires pour mettre en place un service special compose de personnels hautement qualifies, service qui a 1'interieur du secretariat du Programme des Nations Unies pour 1'environnement sera clairement identifiable et pour constituer parmi les organismes de coordination inter-agence, un groupe de travail sur la desertification. Le Directeur ex£cutif poursuit egalement une etude sur les mesures compiemen- taires et les moyens de financement correspondant destines a assurer I1execution du Plan d'action.

Enfin, le Directeur executif se prepare, comme il y a ete autorise au paragraphe lo de la Resolution 32/172, a convoquer de maniere urgente un groupe consultatif en vue d'aider a mobiliser les ressources necessaires aux activites entreprises dans le cadre de 1«execution du Plan d'action,

Le Secretaire general souhaiterait que cette Resolution soit portee a 1'attention du gouvernement de Son Excellence.

Le ler mars 1978 UNITED NATIONS i@l NATIONS UNIES

POSTAL ADDRESS - ADRESSE POSTALE: UNITED NATIONS. N.Y. TOOI7

REFERENCE

The Secretary-General of the United Nations presents his compliments to the Permanent Represen- tative Of o« to the United Nations and has the honour to refer to resolution 32/172, entitled "United Nations Conference on Desertification", adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 1977.

The Secretary-General wishes to draw in particular, to the attention of His Excellency»s Government operative paragraphs 4, 5, 9 and 14 of that resolution, which read as follows :

"The General Assembly,

"4. Calls upon all Governments to consider,, on a priority basis, the recommendations for national action contained in section IV of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification and, where necessary, the desirability of establishing a national authority to co-ordinate, consolidate and implement anti-desertification action programmes;

"5o Recommends that subregional co-operation be initiated or intensified, as considered necessary, among countries affected by desertification, with the required assistance from the United Nations Environment Programme and other organizations concerned, with a view to formulating specific joint programmes and requests for development assistance for implementation of the plan of Action;" UNITED NATIONS Wjjj NATIONS UNIES —•7"7"— - 2 -

"90 Calls upon all countries, in particular developed countries, as well as multilateral financial institutions and non-governmental donors, to provide and increase their assistance to countries suffering from desertification, especially for the financing of their subregional and regional programmes and projects within appropriate consortium arrangements, such as those pertaining to the Sahel green belt, and urges developing countries to give due priority to desertification problems in their development assistance requests;11

"14. Requests the Secretary-General to approach Member States and competent organizations and bodies within the United Nations system, as well as scientific institutions concerned outside the system, for further research, development and refinement of the data pertaining to desertification, to close any existing gaps in scientific knowledge and technology, and for further development of the world map of desertification on the basis of the relevant recommendations of the Conference;"

* The Secretary-General hopes that, in accordance with the request, contained in paragraph 14 of the resolution, His Excellency's Government and the scientific institutions concerned in His Excellency's country will co-operate in this important task. In order that these ^L«* activities may be co-ordinated within

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offer be submitted to the Executive Director of United Nations Environment Programme, who has been entrusted with such co-ordination. Contributions from Member States to the relevant programmes in the framework of regional co-operation, through the United Nations regional commissions or through other relevant regional organizations, would also be appreciated.

The Secretary-General wishes to take this opportunity to inform the Permanent Representative that in compliance with paragraph 8 of resolution 32/172, the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme as well as the Environment Co-ordination Board have been entrusted with the responsibility of following up and co-ordinating the implementation of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification. In compliance with recommendation 27 of the Plan of Action, the Executive Director is taking steps to establish a special unit of highly qualified staff clearly identifiable within the secretariat of the United Nations Environment Programme and to set up a working group on desertification within the framework of inter-agency co-ordination machinery. He is also conducting a study of additional measures and means of financing for the implementation of the Plan of Action. i Furthermore, the Executive Director, as authorized in paragraph 1O of resolution 32/172, is preparing to convene immediately a consultative group in order to assist in mobilizing resources for the activities undertaken within the framework of implementing the plan of Action.

• • •/ • * UNITED NATIONS yjjjjf NATIONS UNIES

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It will be appreciated if His Excellency will bring the contents of this note to the attention of His Government.

1 March 1978 UNESCO/2287 HE/481 28 October 1977

TEXT OF TBILISI DECLARATION ADOPTED BY UKESCO/UMEF OH EOTTBOHMEHTftL EDUCATION

(The following is reproduced as received from UHBP, Hairobi.)

.Following is the text of the Tbilisi Declaration which was adopted by the Conference on Environmental Education held in Tbilisi, USSR, from ik to 26 October:

"The intergovernmental Conference on Environmental Education, organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in co-operation with the United Nations Environment Programme (UMEP), convened in the City of Tbilisi, reflecting the harmony and consensus achieved there, solemnly adopts the following declarations

"In the last few decades, man has, through his power to "transform his environment, wrought accelerated changes in the balance of nature. The result is frequent exposure of living species to dangers which may prove irreversible.

"The Declaration of the United Hat-ions Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972 proclaimed'to defend and improve the environment for present and future generations has become an imperative goal for mankind!. This undertaking urgently calls for new strategies incorporated into development which, particularly in the developing countries, is a prerequisite for any such improvement.

"Solidarity and equity in the relations between nations should constitute the basis of a new international order and bring together as soon as possible all available resources. Education, utilizing the findings of science and technology, should play a leading role in creating an awareness and a better understanding of environmental problems. It must foster positive patterns of conduct towards the environment and the nations' use of their resources.

"Environmental education should be provided for all ages, at all level-, and in both formal and non-formal education. The mass media have a great mission. Environmental specialists as well as those whose actions and decisions can have a marked effect on the environment, should be provided in the course of their training with the necessary knowledge and skills and be given a full FOJI.«O of their responsibilities in that respect.

(more)

For information media - not an official record - 2 - Press Release U1ESCO/2287 HE/481 28 October 1977

"Environmental education, properly understood, should constitute a comprehensive, life-long education, one to changes in a rapidly-changing world. It should prepare the individual for life through an understanding of the major problems of the contemporary vorld, and the provisions of skills and attributes needed to play a productive role towards improving life and protecting the environment, with due regard given to ethical values. By adopting a holistic approach, rooted in a broad, inter-disciplinary base, it recreates an over-all perspective which acknowledges the fact that natural environment and man-made environment are profoundly inter-dependent. It helps reveal the enduring continuity which links the acts of today and the consequences for tomorrow. It demonstrates the inter-dependencies among national communities and the need for solidarity among all mankind.

"Environmental education must look outward to the community. It should involve the individual in an active, problem-solving process within the context of specific realities and it should encourage initiative, a sense of responsibility and commitment to build a better tomorrow. By its very nature, environmental education can make a powerful contribution to the renovation of the educational process.

"In order to achieve these goals, environmental education requires a number of specific actions to fill the gaps that, despite outstanding endeavours, continue to exist in our present education systems.

"Accordingly the Tbilisi Conference:

"Appeals to member States to include in their ./educational policies measures designed to introduce environmental concerns, activities and contents into their educational systems on the basis of the above objectives and characteristics, "Invites educational authorities to promote and intensify thinking, research and innovation in regard to environmental education and "Urges member States to collaborate in this field, in particular by exchanging experiences, research findings, documentation and materials and by making their training facilities widely available to teachers and specialists from other countries,

"Appeals, lastly, to the international community to give generously of its aid in order to strengthen this collaboration in a field which symbolizes the need for solidarity of all peoples and may be regarded as particularly conducive to the promotion of international understanding and to the cause of peace." MC/JM - ccs SG r>

1°

13 October 1977

My dear colleague, •EhanJc you for your letter of 1O September 1977> forwarding the Report of the United Rations Conference on Desertification. I was grateful for your kind remarks about my message aad 2 would like to take this opportunity to tell you how much X appreciate the valuable contribution which you have made to the activities of the United nations as Secretary-General of this Conference, in addition to your nsany other heavy responsibilities* Your leadership, dedication and unstinting hard work have been vital in ensuring a positive out- come for the Conference. I would also like to cosa&end your staff for the excellent i&anner in which they have performed their complex task* warm regards,

Yours sincerely,

Kurt Waldheira

Mr. Mostafa K* Tolba Executive Director United Nations Environment programme Hairobi IVULIUIIO UUI 1 1 01 bl 100 \Jll L/QOCI II I llsdLIUI I Conference des Nations Unies sur la Desertification Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre la Desertificacion

RECEIVED •OCT-81977 30 September 1977

Dear Mr. Secretary-General, The kind words you expressed to us all on the occasion of the opening of the United Nations Conference on Desertif- ication vjere appreciated "by inyself and the Secretariat. The daily cables to your Office on the work of the Conference will have kept you abreast with its progress. I now have pleasure in enclosing the Report of the Conference including the Plan of Action to Combat Desertif- ication and the resolutions and recommendations adopted at the conclusion of the deliberations of the Conference on 9 September.

Yours sincerely,

Mostafa K. Tolba Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme and Secretary-General of the Conference

Dr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General United Nations New York, N.Y. 10017 U.S.A.

P.O. BOX 30552, NAIROBI, KENYA, TEL.: 333930, CABLE: UNITERRA, TELEX: 22068, 22173 26.8.77 383© 5028

EOSG

UNITERM NAIROBI (KENYA)

FOR TOLBIU SECGENS MESSAGE FOR

CONFERENCE FOLLOWS; QUOTE0 . . .UHQUOTE

REGARDS AHBED

Cable Editors Kindly insert attached text between quotes* :j ;... -

,Executive ^s0t0to S-G MESSAGE PROM THE SECRETARY-GENERAL TO THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON DESERTIFICATION, NAIROBI, KENYA, 29 AUGUST 1977

I sincerely regret that it is not possible for me to be present at the opening of the United Nations Conference on Desertification. I attach the greatest importance to your work and I firmly believe that your deliberations in the coming days will have far-reaching consequences for the future of our planet.

It is only proper that this Conference should be held here in Africa which has suffered much from the grave problems caused by the advancement of desert lands. I would, therefore, like to express my deep gratitude to His Excellency, Mzee Jomo Kenyatta, President of the Republic of Kenya and to the Government and people of Kenya for their gracious hospitality in providing the splendid setting in which these meetings are being held.

The problem of desertification cannot be met by any one country or even by any one continent. It demands the concerted effort of the international community. It was this awareness that prompted the General Assembly in 1974 to rally the resources of the United Nations to help "stem the spread of deserts". As we all know, the immediate stimulus was the tragic drought that devastated the Sahelian region. Who can forget the horror of millions of men, women and children starving, with more than 1OO,OOO dying, because of an ecological i*t calamity that turned grazing land and farms into bleak desert. This Conference bears historic witness to the United Nations' determination — 2 — to help guard against and prevent the repetition of such human, economic and social waste.

It is true that disasters of the desert - famine and drought - are nothing new in themselves, and have plagued mankind over the millenia. More than one-third of the world's surface is desert or semi-desert and contains about 15 per cent of the world's population. History is filled with the evidence of destruction brought about by the advance of deserts, much of it caused by man's activities in damaging their fragile and complex ecosystems. One estimate shows that man-made deserts around the world extend over an area larger than that of Brazil. Yet year after year man continues to despoil additional land. Some of the time it is the unplanned impact of science and technology that is at fault. More often it is because man has no alternative but to scratch out an existence in marginal areas and to permit over-grazing so that his cattle may live at least a little longer. We see the deserts creeping in virtually every region of the world, with about 68O million people potentially affected.

One study prepared for your Conference places 78 million of these people on lands already almost useless. It emphasizes that while those who are not dependent on agriculture may be able to avoid personal disaster, perhaps as many as 50 million will not escape the gradual loss of their livelihoods as their fields and pastures slowly turn into wastelands. - 3 -

This is a part of the human problem before you, one that brings to mind the haunting picture of another Sahel disaster. But there are other urgent reasons why the community of nations must attack the desertification problem which afflicts two-thirds of the countries of the world, rich no less than poor. The continued loss of once-productive land to the insidious process of desertification can only impede our overall effort to promote social and economic progress and to provide a better standard of life for all people. The United nations is now directing major efforts aimed at the establishment of a new international economic order which will lead to greater economic stability and enable two-thirds of the world's population to have a fairer share in benefits now attainable for the first time in human history. Alleviating the worsening plight of the tens of millions of people in the arid zones of the world is essential toward that end.

How can we prevent tragedies such as the Sahel drought from recurring? How can we learn more about the interaction of deserts and semi-deserts with the climate and with other ecological systems of the world? How can we reclaim the deserts and marginal lands where life is now so precarious? How can we reverse desertification so that precious land now being lost can productively serve a world- wide human population expected to double by the end of the century? How can we get to the potential wealth buried under the deserts and utilize it for the common good? - 4 -

The very fact that you are gathered here/ ^underlines your resolve to deal with these questions constructively. The massive power and ingenuity of industrialization and technology have given us the basic tools if only we will use them co-operatively and imaginatively. Solutions can and must be found. The key lies in the development and application of proper land use practices and sound management of water resources. This involves both a technological and a human aspect. One consists of measures designed to sustain land productivity or to rehabilitate degraded lands. The other is concerned with the commitment of the people who live in vulnerable lands and who will determine the success or failure of our efforts to combat desertification. They must have the means to carry out measures to sustain the productivity of their land, ^

'History tells us that many traditional societies managed to live in harmony with the drylands environment, and to harvest it without reducing its productivity. Many contemporary societies demonstrate the successful application of modern science and technology the decisions o_f in combating desertification. I hope ^theref or e, that/this Conference, - — reflect a combination of wisdom and science to successfully meet this threat to human welfare.

A sound basis for your deliberations has been provided by all who have worked so hard to make this Conference a success. I include here all the member governments as well as everyone within the United Nations system, and the many international experts who have combined - 5 -

forces in this vast co-operative effort. Special thanks areUue to Dr. Mostafa Tolba, the distinguished and imaginative Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme who guided the preparations as Secretary-General of the Conference, and to his colleagues.

The preparatory process for this Conference has drawn heavily on the work and recommendations of preceding United Nations Conferences, particularly those that dealt with the Environment, Population, Food, Human Settlements, and Water. These Conferences were concerned with interacting global problems resulting from the extraordinary changes the world is experiencing. They cannot be solved in isolation but only through co-operative efforts carried out by the world community as a whole. This is the true road to peace in the new century that looms before us. Coping with desertification and its tragic byproducts of misery, dislocation and starvation is a major step forward on this road and surely one we have the ability to take if we give it the attention and the resources it demands.

I urge you today to act in terms that will match the magnitude of the challenge. I wish you every success. AR/lrih cc:SG

7 July 1977

Dear Mr. Tolba, In Idie absence of the Secretary-General, , *; 3 wish to acknowledge receipt of your letter of ^ '• • 27 June 1977 and the report of the UNEP Governing Council on the -work of its Fifth Session« Although you may have discussed this matter with the Secretary- General during the recent session of the Use,. Z shall inform hint of the contents of your letter and the report when he returns to Hew York, With kind regards, Yours sincerely,

Albert Rohan Director

Mr. Mostafa K« Tolba Executive Director UNEP Nairobi Kenya UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DES NATIONS UNIES POUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT

Cable Address: UNITERRA, NtiroM P. O. Box 30552, Telex No. 22068 Nairobi, Telephone: 33930

Ret. No. 27 June 1977

Dear Mr. Secretary-General,

I have pleasure in transmitting herewith, the report of the Governing Council on the work of its fifth session, in its English version. The other language versions will be ready for distribution by the end of this month. As Mr. Stedraan, Deputy Executive Director, has already inidcated in his letter to Mr. Buffum, dated 17 June 1977 (copy of which was sent to you), the Governing Council, in its decision 92(¥), inter alia, invited the General Assembly, bearing in mind the Executive Director's proposal in his previous report for a target of US $50 million for the Foundation and the views expressed by the Governments at the fifth session of the Governing Council to consider at its thirty-second session, setting a target for total voluntary contributions by Governments for the years 1978-1981* The Council further invited the General Assembly at its thirty-second session, to request the Secretary-General to consider convening, during the thirty- third session, a pledging conference for voluntary contributions by Governments to the Foundation, if pledges to meet the minimum target are not forthcoming. I have asked Mr. Stedman to continue consultations with Mr. Buffum on this matter and I shall be glad to discuss the matter with you if the opportunity should arise during your visit to Geneva for the forthcoming session of ACC and ECOSOC. Sincerely yours

Mostafa K» Tolba Executive Director Mr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General United Nations New York, N.Y. 10017 U.S.A. Distr. ^= United Nations GENERAL UNEP/GC/IG6 Environment 20 June 1977 Programme Oriolnal: ENGLISH

GOVERNING COUNCIL Fifth session Nairobi, 9-25 May 1977 Agenda item 18

REPORT OF THE GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME ON THE WORK OF ITS FIFTH SESSION HELD AT UNEP HEADQUARTERS, NA4ROBI, FROM 9 TO 25 MAY 4977 Rapporteur: Mr. Narni* Youslf Zainaf Uraq)

Na.77-2440 CONTENTS Paragraphs Page

INTRODUCTION 1-2 1 Chapter I 1. ORGANIZATION OF THE SESSION 3-16 2 II. GENERAL DEBATE 17-78 6 111. PROGRAMME MATTERS . . . 79-276 23 A. Introduction and general debate ...... 79 - 93 23 B. - Environmental'assessment 94 - 132 " 26 C. Priority subject areas 133-231 34 D. Supporting measures '232-255 53 E. Environmental management Including environmental I aw • 256-273 58 F. General action regarding programme activities . . 274 - 276 61 iV. HABITAT: UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON HUMAN SETTLEMENTS REVIEW AND FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES 277-297 63 V. UNITED NATIONS HABITAT AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS FOUNDATION 298-316 68 A. Progress report 298-308 68 B. Financial and budgetary matters . . 309 - 316 70 C. General procedures and administrative arrangements ...... 309 - 316 70 VI. UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON DESERTIFICATION .... 317-344 72 VII. THE ENVIRONMENT FUND 345-402 77 A. Implementation of the Fund programme In 1976 . . 346 - 363 77 B. Audited 1975 accounts and unaudited Interim accounts for 1976 . 364-368 80 C. Management of the Fund of UNEP and administrative K and budgetary matters 369 - 402 81 -II- CONTENTS (continued) "Chapter - Paragraphs Page VH-1. DRAFT PRINCIPLES -OF CONDUC.T-F<:R-THE_GU.|DANC£_OF- - STATES IN THE CONSERVATION AND HARMONIOUS EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES SHARED BY TWO OR MORE STATES ...... 403-416 90 IX. -ENVmONl/iENT AND DEVELOPMENT, INCLUDING IRRATIONAL AND WASTEFUL USE OF NATURAL- RESOURCES AND . , . , ...... 417 - 442 .93 X. STUDY OF THE PROBLEM- OF THE MATERIAL REMNANTS OF WARS, PARTICULARLY MINES, AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 443-460 99

•rf • , i XI. OTHER BUSINESS ...... 461-488 103 • ' ' .;-. • ""¥ A. Resolutions and decisions of the thirty-first session of the General Assembly and resolutions of the sixtieth and sixty-first sessions of the Economic and Social Council of relevance to the United Nations Environment-Programme .... 464 - 470 103 • B-, Relationships with -non-governmental organizations ...... , ...... '. 471-485 104 C. Pahlavi International Environment Prize .... 486 - 488 107 X)i. PROVISIONAL AGENDA, DATE AND PLACE OF THE SIXTH ' SESSION OF THE GOVERNING COUNCIL ...... 489-491 108 XI 11. ADOPTION OF THE REPORT. OF THE FIFTH SESSION .... 492 - 497 109 XIV. CLOSURE OF THE SESSION ...... 498 Ml

Annexes DECISIONS ...... V

If. DOCUMENTS BEFORE THE GOVERNING COUNCIL AT ITS FIFTH SESSION ...... |56 INTRODUCTfON

1. The report" of the fifth session of 'the "Governing Council of the United Nations Envfrcmrnerrt Programme (UNEP) Is: herewith submitted to the General Assembly In accordance with General 'Assembly resolution 2997 .(XXVII.) of 1,5 December. 1972-.; . -, . ••• I 2. The fifth session of the Governing Council was held at UNEP headquarters, Nairobi, from 9 to 25 May 1977, The present report was adopted by the Council at its 75th meeting, on 25 May 1977. CHAPTER I

ORGAtttZATTON-Of-THE- SESSICN"

ppening of the session 3. The session was opened by Mr. Zoltan Rakonczay (Hungary), VIce-President of the fourth session. I

Attendance 4. The following States members of the Governing Council _[/ were represented at the session: Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium,, Brazil, Bulgaria , Canada, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Federal Republic of, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Phi I ippines^. Poland, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, Switzerland, Thailand, Uganda,, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Venezuela,, Yugoslavia and Za i re. 5. The fol lov/ing States not members of the Governing Council were represented: Algeria, Australia, Austria, Benin, Chile, Congo, Czechoslovakia, Denmark,, Gabon, German Democratic Republic, Holy See, Israel, Netherlands, Nigeria, Pakistan, Portugal, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Tunisia and Turkey. 6. The United Nations Secretariat was represented by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs and the Office of Public Information. 7. The following United Nations bodies and regional commissions were represented: Economic Commission for Africa (EGA), Office of the United Nations Disaster Relief Co-ordinator (UNDRO), Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and United Nations industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). 8. The following specialized agencies were represented: International Labour Organisation (ILO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), World Health Organization (WHO), World "eteorological Organization (WHO) and tntei—Governmental Maritime Consultative Organiza- tion (IMCO). The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) was also represented. 9. The following other intergovernmental organizations were represented: Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization (ALECSO)., 1 Commission of the European Communities, Commonwealth Secretariat, Counci I

\J The membership of the Governing Council was determined by elections held at the 2321st and 2432nd plenary meetings of the General Assembly on 16 December 1974 and 9 December 1975, and at the 101st plenary meeting of the thirty-first'session, held on 16 December 1976, 3830

BOSS

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SECSETARY-GEHERm. WILL £3OT BE £BX& TO ^BE®D£I%M»Y OPEN THE COKFEREUCE

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( 29 AUGUST AS ANNOTATIONS TO PROVISIONAL AGENDA REFERRING TO THIS NOW

READY FOR PROCESSING.

^ TOWNLEY

C c c NY262 TVN142 (UNEP) NAIROBI 41 H/5 11502

LTF . ^ UNA! IONS NEW YORK . i £ EPNY 101S HAFEEUDDIN AHMED. FURTHER MY 28 APRIL MEMORANDUM KINDLY CABLE CONFIRMATION THAT SEGGEN WILL OPEN UNA! IONS DESERTIFICATION CONFERENCE 11.00 A.M. ( 29 AUGUST AS ANNOTATIONS TO PROVISIONAL AGENDA REFERRING TO THIS NOW READY FOR PROCESSING.

^ TOWNLEY

C JPB/pg cc: SG - Mr. Ryan Mr, NoeV Brown b.f.:

2 Hay 1&77

Mo»tafa, Mrs* Martha kackner, Co~ordinator for the ceremonies that several important American organizations are planning on 4 Jun© to ccraroeisorate the anniversary of the United ST&tione Conference on the Human Environment has jast been authorized to use the Mall of the United Rations Headquarters for a gathering which should be addressed by speakers euch as M, Cousteau and Ms. The Secretary-General lias been invited to be the main speaker but unfortunately, due to his very heavy ecbe&iie at that time, he will not be able to participate to this ceremony. He will appreciate it very much if you would be kind enough to represent hint on this occasion. 1 enclose herewith a copy of the letter from Mrs, LacJcner. With warm regards, Yours sincerely,

Raf eeuddin Slimed Executive Assistant to the Secretary-General Dr, Mostafa K. Tolba Executive Director UHite4 nations Environment Nairobi /,>;;l- /(:• /f^ '/.it-it- Sierra Club Office of International Environment Affairs 777 United Nations Plaza New York. New York 10017 (212)867-0080/Cable SIERRACLUB

April 8, 1977

His Excellency Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General of the United Nations Room 3800 Offices of the Secretary-General United Nations New York, New York 10017 Dear Mr. Secretary-General, I am writing to invite your active participation in a program which will be a major celebration in New York and throughout the country on World Environment Day. As you know, 5 June 1977 marks the fifth anniversary of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has selected World Environment Day as a focus for nationwide citizen activities and has invited the Sierra Club and the State Department to join with them. We expect extensive public participation from all sectors of the New York community and have received enthusiastic endorsement from the organizations we have contacted thus far. These include the Cousteau Society, the American Museum of Natural History, the National Urban League, the Boy and Girl Scouts of America, the American Institute of Architects, the National Environmental Educational Advisory Council. A number of United Nations Non-Government Organizations are also joining in our program. Among them are the United Nations Youth Caucus, Friends of the Earth, the t- Natural Resources Defense Council, and the League of Women Voters. Our plans begin at the United Nations Mall and Rose Garden where the celebrants will assemble at 11:00 a.m. on June 4 We would be honored if you would address the gathering. Other invited speakers include Captain Jacques Cousteau, Dr. Margaret Mead, Dr. Mostafa K. Tolba, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme, and actor Robert Redford. A symbolic tree planting ceremony will close the activities at the United Nations at 1:00. From the Mall, we will walk to Dag Hammarsjkold Plaza which will be filled with environmental displays exhibits, booths, and ongoing entertainment. We would be most grateful if you could assist us by requesting permission from the United Nations for the use of the Mall and the Rose Garden for

I nternational Advisory Committee (In formation]

Beatrice Abbott Duggan. UN Representative. Natural Resources Defense Council I Thor Heyerdahl. anthropologist and author EuaeneH.Nickerson. Esa. Nickerson. Kramer Lowsnstem. Nessen Kamin ana Soil f Frederic S Paoert. Chairman. PKL Companies. Inc. flis Excellency Kurt Waldheim -2- 8 April 1977 June 4th. Our program has the full approval of Mr. Noel Brown, Director, Liaison Office, United Nations Environment Programme, and Mrs. Sally Shelley, Chief, NGO Section, Office of Public Information. (Mr. Noel Brown, in his 1 March memorandum to Mr. Jean Paul Barre of your office, outlined some of these plans.) The Sierra Club has consultative status with ECOSOC. If you are not able to speak at the United Nations on World Environ- ment Day, may we ask that you issue a World Environment Day Proclamation which could be read on that day? We will be happy to discuss our plans in more detail.

Yours sincerely,

Martha Lackner Coordinator World Environment Day Program ML/ebd JPB/pg cc: SG

Mr. Noex Brown b.f.: RA/AR/FMG/MP/MC/IL

22 April 1977

My '-dear Mestfefa* ' With reference to your letters of 1 April 1977 concerning the recommendations and suggestions of the Advisory Selection Committee for the International pahlavi Environment Stize, 1 wish to confirm the agreement given to you by the Secretary-General. X enclose a copy of a letter Which has been addressed today to Ambassador Hoveyda seeking his Government's concurrence on the recommendations concerning both the named of the awardees .and the new rule of procedure of the Committee, As far as the announcement of the names of the winners is concerned, the Secretary-General agrees that it should be dona just prior to the ceremony* As for the way in Which this should be made public,, it is the opinion of the OPI that a press eommuniquS should be issued sinraltaneottily in Hew York, Teheran and Nairobi. It will be circulated on the day before the ceremony with an embargo set for the precise time of this ceremony* tfhis will give the media the possibility to prepare background papers* A press conference should then be held by the awardees after the ceremony* With warm personal regards, Yours sincerely,

Rafeeuddin Ahroed Executive Assistant to the Secretary-General Mr. MOBtafa K. Tolba Executive Director United Nations Environment Programme Nairobi United Nations Office of Public Information Press Section Press Release United Nations, New York

SG/A/188 HE/101 30 March 19Y7

FOUR APPOINTED TO SENIOR POSTS IN UNEF, ENVIRONMENT FUND, HABITAT AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS FOUNDATION

Secretary-General of the United Nations Kurt Waldheim announced today the following appointments to senior posts in the United Fations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Environment Fund; and the United Nations Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation.

Peter Thacher, Director of the UEEP Regional and Liaison Office in Geneva, will become Deputy Executiy^._!Dlr^j:.g£—oILIfflSF•> reporting directly to Executive .Director Mostafa Tolba. Mir. Thacher, 50 years old, is a graduate of Dartmouth College and Yale University. He has been associated with the United Nations environment Programme ever since 1971? when the preparatory work for the Stockholrf. Conference was initiated. Prior to that he served as Counsellor for Science Technology and Environment with the United States Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York. Mr. Thacher will take up his new duties in Nairobi on 1 September, replacing Bruce Stedman who is retiring on that date.

Horst-Peter Oltmanns has "been appointed Assistant : for Fun. d ana Managemen-- ..-g..---.-.-.--,,*^»w3it«g^a^^^".-'--'3t of TjNEPT^an- d wiJir~ £aTie~upliiJ- s new duties in Nairobi onl"'June. Mr. Oltmanns, y\ years of age, is at present Head of the Department of Public Buildings in the Ministry of Regional Planning, Building Planning and Urban Development of the Federal Republic of Germany. He has served in various capacities with the Federal Ministry of Finance and the Federal Building Agency in the Federal Republic of Germany. He has also served as co-ordinator or head of mission for urban development projects in Liberia, Turkey and Yugoslavia. During a six-year period as architect-engineer and regional planner with the World Bank he acquired wide experience in the management of technical and financial problems related to building, urban development and environment, especially within the United Nations system.

Mr. Oltmanns is President of the Association of Architects and Engineers of the Federal Republic of Germany, an Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects, and Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects. (more) For information media - not an official record - 2 - Press Release SG/A/."_88 30 March 1977

Sveneld Evteev, k5 years of age, has "been naned Ass i s tanjb. _Execut j.ve Director for J^rogfaSmg^afJIKSP~ ^ and will take up his new duties in Nairobi on T ""Junenir". " ~Evteev is currently serving as Director of Policy Planning and has been with UHEP for a number of years. Before joining the staff of UNEPj.Mr. Evteev served as a programme specialist in the United Wations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for seven years and "before that was Executive Secretary of the Earth Science Soction of the Academy of Science of the USSR and Assistant Vice-President for Environment. Mr. Evteev 's field of specialization was in the area of geographical sciences — glaciology, pedolology and ge omorphology .

Cesar Quintana, kk years of age, has "been, named and will take up his new duties in Nairobi on 1 June. The Foundation was established by resolution of the twenty-ninth General Assembly session in 197^ as an international institution for human habitat management and environmental design and improvement of human settlements. Among its objectives are the provision of seed capital and technical and financial assistance to permit effective mobilization of domestic resources for these purposes, particularly in developing countries. Mr. Quintana is an agronomist and engineer by training who is at present Director of Malaria Control, Environment and Sanitation in the Venezuelan Ministry of Health, He was previously Director of Housing Programmes and Water Supply in that same Department. He did post-graduate work in Urban Planning at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1973. He is also Vice-President of the World Association of Rural Housing,

•7; **# * . 23MARIV77 U:

PEHR G GYLLENHAMMAR 2 3 PRESIDENT CM-i"; A AB VOLVO • S-40S 08 GOTEBORG. SWEDEN • TELEPHONE 03 I-S9 00 00 ;M\KT1ALS_ ' H BRING ON /.. r.'ONTH YR. TO: March 18, 1977

The Secretary-General Mr Kurt Waldheim United Nations NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 USA

Dear Mr. Waldheim, Thank you for your letter of March 7. In the meantime I have had a discussion with the Seminar Chairman, Mr. de Rosen, and presented to him my views on the seminar and how work can be continued for the future. I will be very pleased to assist, in any way I can, to achieve results in improvement of automobile standards and not least, the acceptance of a minimum level of co- operation and coordination within the automotive industry. ;t regar Yours sinVerely,

OFFICIAL O.-.TSOI NC.. JPB/KR/JM BA/AE -I- Aide. Mexnolre to Mr.Tolba

7 ffi

ay r&tusn frora the Hiddle East and to ey letter of 9 llovcnibsr 1976,? I on pleased to ixifossa vsxs thufe 2 have sow Bad a^ opp^rfcimitv5 to s'evieif th© seporfe thsfe 1 lisd requested frs^ ISISP ©a tlio s-sati^a^ c?n the ERVig^s^staS, Ssppacfes of t I am daczlosi&g' -21

sseaiil^ msKSasstarsd ^euss istasest is ?^xi^v«sd la tM@ field aisd that the Ssssel^sist- ihaXly slaarss n this respect~ * X slao- wish to cscprcss to S tisati, Capita still if all to it sigkfc pss^-® po&siM<2 to sr* U

Mr* &ehr G* a t> S-^ Copy •*• Aide Memoire^b Mr.ToUba

Upon ray return from the Middle East and further to ray i«tfesa? of 9 November 1976, 1 am pleased to inform you that I hav« now had an opportunity to Lew the ««p©£t that I had requested frora «KEP on seminar on the Environmental In^acts of the ~~~ Vehicle. Accordingly, $ am enclosing a copy of an Aide J&smoire wiicfc has lieett prepared in response to the specific questions ybietii ycm raised. X can readily understand your I4»t0a?«st in seeing more rapid progress achieved in this field and you may be assured that the Secretariat fully shares yo'ar concern in this respect. 1 also wish to express to you my appreciation for tho interest which you have demonstrated in this particular endeavour. I %tou3.a like to add my personal hope that, despite certain shortcomings and disappointraents, wo can still count cm your continued support. Indeed, if all top executives -were to ts&e sucfe & &&&&• personal it might px%yve posstiMd to achieve Ei@>rQ rapid X am sure that Dr. Tolba would very rauch appreciate anything which you can personally do in this With kind regards, Yours sincerely,

Kurt

Mr. Pehr G. Gyllenh AB Volvo S-40S08 Goteborg ft. Z & X M £ M 0 X R E

Gylleiihaimar ' s letter of 2 November 1976, rtaiji ®ie&ti©n0 tsrith regard tats the results lay tti£ s&alsisr cm th« laîroaiseiitaJ. Impacts of tfee Motor ^reliiclet, Sn esraiEdiiiag them, it fair to Isêgj in mind tlie limits cfejeetives originaily intein3e5 for t&at meeting, organisation ofrao-fco r veMcie to sespect ttie âalit^ a^ the ean 3 subje ct tm<3er discsissioa for the past 2fears» ^^P*s gyel^sxfy obêe&iire^ for were not' to resolve differences, or to afceaftstaMemai agreâaeut ^ this stage* isot rather 1a> ss^c goidaiice ccaaceming b©ttear Mâttif icsat,iou, liosr further assessmeoat aiglit M acîieved, and est^blisitiftg a realistic tiai@-1 f same for tlsis* Is Ms? |intr«»$a€±o^ stafc^raeaa-fc, tiie Birecfcor of $$&!*•» 3&r » Jfestaf a Tolba, propose^ that a siaaii workshops aafi tliat in one os: a BKse^^g o£ iBfcêesteel g©ve£isa^zit% iUiStts relevant orgaaisations •&0&M feeii be eiavisaged, order to propose suitable guMeli^QS and recommendations for action* Jn esseace, therefore, tflSE^ consider^ this sâiasr as part of th© oagcdag process of evaiâting t&e eavirarti«ipa3ats iaîcatss that botli i»(3«stry were represeaated by Mflil.^ qualified officials i» the fields *m

7 March 1977

Dear Hostaf a, SSNi Secretary-General has askad me to express to you Ms appreciation for the s«$»c*£t which you sent him on 29 Beceraber 1976 concerning the questions raised by the Pr-asident of JVB Volvo aJxwt the recent tlNEp Sesoinar on the Environmental Impacts of fh* Motor Vehicle. Upon his return from the Middle East, the Secretary-General has sent & 3A&t.«r to Hr, Pehr G. GyllenhaiaBtar, a copy of which is enclosed for your information. With kin^ regards,

Yours sincerely,

Rafeeucldin Ahmed »ecutive Assistant; the Secretary-General

•r. H&sta£a K. Tolba EKecutive Director United Nations Environment Programme * tftfib U^fi^ NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME __ PROGRAMME DES NATIONS UN1ES POUR CENVIRONNEMENT^^ _——-— ——- I RECORDS CONTROU

Cable Address: UNITERRA. Nairobi Telex No. 22068 Telephone: 33930

Ref. No. PRO.j43<3/6

•Tjifji" • ('.,'.'• . ;• " ,1 tJllt..-.' i ;;£;;i;-:.i^ CQ"-'!

Dear Mr. WALDHKEM,

UNEP Seminar on the Environmental impacts of the Motor Vehicle

I have considered very carefully the letter of 2nd November, 1976, addressed to you from the President of AB Volvo concerning our recent UNSP Seminar on the Environmental Impacts of the Motor Vehicle. As you would appreciate, UHEP was established with a broad mandate concerning not only the protection of the environment but also its improvement and hence an up-grading of the quality of life for all peoples. UHEP's mandate is to support the work of the United Nations system and others towards the fulfilment of basic human needs for all peoples, while ensuring that this goal is achieved in a manner consistent with the long-term preservation and improvement of the human environment, and without transgressing the "outer limits" of its tolerance. Within this mandate we recognise that industrialisation is not only an essential aspect of the process of satisfying basic human -needs, but also a key factor affecting the maintenance and improvement of the quality of the environment. j. It was in response to the concern of Governments, expressed through the UNEP Governing Council, about environmental issues in relation to industrialisation that UNEP established its present industry programme, with the development of an ongoing C9nsultative relationship with specific industries as one of the objectives. A major component of this programme is the review and evaluation of the environmental problems of specific industries. Part of the methodology used to date in review and evaluation has been industrial sector seminars. Through this particular programme we

Mr. Kurt Waldheim United Nations New York, N I 10017 USA United Nations Environment Programme — Programme des Nations Unies pour I'environnement.

have endeavoured to provide a forum where Governments, representatives of industry, both management and workers, and relevant international institutions can meet to define and, as appropriate, examine the various issues in relation to the environmental impacts of major industrial sectors. In establishing this programme, we were always aware of the reluctance of industry to take a leading role in environmental protection investment and their rather conservative attitude to the development of the new international economic order. " However, we felt it better to have a forum where the different parties may meet as experts on a par basis rather than an adversary type situation. Concerning the Motor Vehicle Seminar, held in October, this was one of the industrial sectors chosen for evaluation by the UNEP Governing Council at its second meeting in March 1974* Prom the very early preparatory stages for this seminar, which began 18 months ago, the very sharp differences of opinion amongst motor vehicle manufacturers and major vehicle producing countries concerning different issues in relation to the environment e.g. air and noise pollution and particularly standardisation of emission regulations, measurement methods and test procedures etc. were quite evident. In view of the latter, the Secretariat made it quite clear that, in the initial phase of examination of this industrial sector, IMEP's primary objective was not to resolve issues and come to international agreements, but to establish a global environmental image of the motor vehicle and its use, define the main issues in relation to the environment and identify the ways in which these issues may be assessed. IEJEP would use its designated catalytic role to ensure that competent bodies'examined relevant aspects of environmental problems. It was the intention then for IM3P to bring all these elements together, after a further period of a year or two, in another meeting of interested governments, industry and relevant organisations in order to propose a complete set of guidelines and recommendations for action. These points were made quite frankly to all delegates to the Motor Vehicle Seminar both in a letter sent beforehand by Mr. de ROSM on 5th July, 1976, and in my opening statement at the time of the seminar.

Considering the failure during the last 15 years to reach global harmonisation on regulations concerning the motor vehicle, the Secretariat did not have any illusions that such a task would be achieved in one broad 3 day seminar covering all aspects of the motor vehicle. We did, however, hope that delegates would agree to the desirability of finding.a suitable international forum, which includes all the main motor manufacturing countries whether developed or developing and with market or planned economies, through which the question of harmonisation may be examined.

/3 United Nations Environment Programme — Programme des Nations Unies pour I'environnement.

We regret that Mr. GYLLENHAMMAR considered that the seminar achieved nothing. We see the seminar as part of the ongoing process of examination and evaluation of the environmental problems of the motor vehicle and have not looked for final conclusions at this stage* We welcome the fact that Mr. GYLLENHAMMAR has highlighted to you the very difficult problems involved in not only achieving harmonisation of emission standards for motor vehicles, but also international agreement on actions to improve environmental quality in relation to the motor vehicle. - The comments of participants to the draft Findings and Conclusions of the seminar demonstrate a wide divergence of opinion on these matters, with some Governments and industry very satisfied by the results of the seminar and others not. The dissatisfied, it must "be borne in mind, range in opinion from those (mainly industry) strongly against any numerical targets for environmental improvement and standardisation, to those, like Mr. GYLLENHAMMAR, regretting that the seminar was not able to go further along the line of achievement.

You may be interested to know that UNEP is already involved in a number of follow up activities in relation to the seminar. For example, we have participated in the activities of UN/ECE Working Party Number 29 which deals with harmonisation and motor vehicle standards etc., attended meetings organised by the industry on use of L.P.G. as a motor vehicle fuel; and been invited to participate in the OECD Committee on Traffic Policies for the Improvement of the Urban Environment. These activities we regard as falling within our co-ordinating and catalytic role in relation to environmental protection. We should bear in mind that Mr. GYLLENHAMMAR represents a medium- sized vehicle company by global standards, which is under pressure both from international competition during the present restrictive economic situation, and from national Swedish authorities to follow the stricter environmental control standards being promulgated in Worth America and Japan. Mr. GYLLENHAMMAR implies this himself in his letter. We, in some respects, share his disappointment concerning the entrenched viewpoints of certain countries and motor vehicle manufacturers, but believe exchange of views rather than the adversary approach, is a better method to help reconcile some of these different viewpoints.

A United Nations Environment Programme — Programme des Nations Unies pour I'environnement.

Concerning representation at the seminar, you will see ... from the attached^/ list of participants that, in general, "both Governments and industry were represented by responsible high level officials and executives in the fields under discussion at •¥ the seminar. Mr. GYLLENHAMMAR was not the only top executive from the Motor Vehicle Industry. Mr. IWAROSHI, President of Nissan Motor Co., Mr. KUBO, President of Mitsubishi, Mr. KOMURO, Executive Managing Director of Toyota; Mr. MISCH, Vice-President and Mr. RYDER, Director of Engineering of General Motors, and others were also present.

Please find enclosed a draft reply to Mr. GYLLENHAMMAR for your consideration.

With warmest regards.

Yours sincerely,

Mostafa K. Tolba Executive Director

I/ Part of the attached file of relevant documents. 1976

Dear Mostafa, X enclose a co^y -of a letter addressed to the Secretary-General toy the President of &B Volvo ©xpressiag critical views on the 08BP Seminar on Automotive XB&istify and Transportation w&ich was held in Paris last laontfe. An interim reply has been sent by tlse Secretary-General (copy attacked) * The Secretary-General wjulsJ fee grsteful for your comments OB the letter and also for a draft reply for bis consideration. With warm persons! regards, Yours sincerely,

Rafeeuddin Executive Assistant to the Secretary-General

Mr. Mostafa Execative Director Itaited Nations Environment Nairobi cc* 8r* Tolba

9- Moveiaber 1976

£BK yoar letter of 2 ©orsry to hear of the others f^It owr the E^B^ S^tiaair cm t£y and IJrasspojrfc^tiosi which held in Paris iasfc wonth, for m iraposrt ow th@ Seisiaar hope to fee ia s position to write to you in

With Yours sincerely,

Hr, PEHR G GYLLENHAMMAR

PRESIDENT AB VOLVO • S-40508 GOTEBORG, SWEDEN • TELEPHONE 03 1-59 00 00

November 2, 1976

Mr. Kurt Waldheim United Nations NEW YORK, N Y 10017 USA

Dear Mr, Waldheim, UNEP seminar on automotive industry In 1973 I discussed with my very good friend, Mr. Maurice Strong the possibility of a UNEP initiative to achieve a harmonization and an improvement of world transportation and emission standards. Mr, Strong at that time responded very positively and initiated industry seminars, of which the automotive was going to be one. In Paris, last month, the UNEP Seminar on Automotive Industry and Transportation took place under the chairmanship of Mr. Leon de Rosen. The impression from my associates and the colleagues of other industries that they talked to, were that the seminar achieved^ nothing,. As a matter of fact, I share their concern that the "seminar nTgirMiave caused a damage . _as transportatjgn^jMnJj4u.sJLry^.pjeop1 e whp__wgre___cri tjca 1 ^ tqwards_the. J_njJ,iatlver£bo.u5h.t .. that .,£,heir suspi c i ojTS_were™weTT^ 'foundg d , The automotive industry is very much nation oriented, and this feature has been accentuated in times of difficulties after the oil crisis. Nation states want to preserve the employment opportu- nities and the export income that the industry is a great generator of. There is enormous f^9nientati_qn_Jn the indijsjtry..ln ..... its,, ..approach Tfie"'JJ'FE"lr semi nar__prpjdd£Jl a -_,_ ta ke a'nor^glo^^pjgr^ss^L. fhe~o£portuni ty is gone. and__sj3.me^ peopl e f e'e'l ""that i t jnay not come ba_ck..fcr,..a long time. PEHR G GYLLENHAMMAR

I attended the conference during its first day, and I found, to my surprise that I_was the only top execiitive. from. any automotive industry present. Thus, the organizers had not managed to attract the "r1"gh"t type of jDeople, I have wished to make my opinion known to you, Mr. Waldheim, as a spokesman for many, who attended the conference and who had high hopes for some achievements. It is my hope that the United Nations __ _ij3^ and correct the rather unfavourable ~tmpre?son that the participants got of tis effort to make a global approach. A^_ajriatter_qf .f_a£tj _ jip__con,sensus, was reached on any i sue of any importance. Many, participants also agreed that "~ of ' this type that they would attend. kind regards Yours sincere! Ui\iKv_»* ' « t >~->^P« frtfktiwt- / '

22.12.76 R.AlliuetVjb 38OO-E 5O28

EOSG

. M, TOLBA

CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR APPOBlTtlEM' FOR A FUOTHE-R TEEE-I

OFFICE. ILLOOK FORWARD TO & COHTINaATIOH OF OUR CLOSE

FRUITFUL CO-OPERATION AND WISH YOU £LL TliE BEST FOR

FORTHCOMING HOLIDAY SEftSOW.

KURT

.Assistant to tlie tSB/jm - ccs S<5 b/f:

3 November 1976

My dear colleague, I wish to thank you for yostr letter of 19> October 1976 and for forwarding me a copy t&e cosGEiufticatioa which you have received the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Eepublie of Kenya* I hava noted the contents with interest and X would appreciate being kept informed of any developments in this With warm personal regards,

sincerely,

Kurt Waldheim

Or. itostafa K. Tolba Executive Director Natioaa EtwiroBdeafe

•Jiff' i* UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DES NATIONS UNIES POUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT

CABLE ADDRESS POSTAL ADDRESS ADRESSE TELEGRAPHIQUE AORESSE po

UNATION5 NEWVOHK P.O. BOX 20. GRAND CENTRAL. STATION. NEW YORK. N.Y. 1OOI7

REFERENCE: 19 October 1976

Dear Mr. Secretary-General, I have the honour to forward to you copy of a letter from Dr. Munyua Waiyaki, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kenya. The Minister confirms the Kenya Governments' offer of accomodation, free of charge, for any central secretariatunit arising from Habitat for such period as would-be required'until appropriate space becomes available at the permanent headquarters of UNEP.

I have acknowledged the letter, with thanks, and have informed Mr. Waiyaki that the offer will be reflected on the financial implication paper presently being prepared in connection with the proposed Habitat institutional arrangements. A copy of this letter and that of Dr. Waiyaki have been forwarded to Mr. Davidson so as to expedite matters.

Yours sincerely,

Executive Director United Nations Environment Programme

H.E. Mr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General of the United Nations Telegraphic Address: "FOREIGN" OFFICE OF THE MINISTER HARAMBIE HOUSE HARAMULE AVLNUE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Telephone: 27411 P.O. Box 30551

When replying please quote NAIROBI KENYA Ref. No ;. and date .October t>18 19.7.6.

Dr. Mustafa Tolba Executive Director . United Nations Environment Programme - United Nations iRoom LX-1293 New York/ New York 10017 Dear Dr. Tolba: I refer to the discussions held between you and Kenya's Liaison's Officer with'UNEP regarding the possible accommodation of any central secretariat unit arising from Habitat, should the current session of the General Assembly decide to integrate such a unit into UNEP and locate it in Nairobi. I wish to confirm that the Government of Kenya offers to accommodate such a unit free of charge for such period as shall be required until appropriate space is available at the permanent headquarters of UNEP. The Government of Kenya shall enter into such agreement as might be necessary to effect this offer. As you already are aware, both UNEP and the Government of Kenya have, in this regard, valuable experience in light of establishing UNEP in Nairobi.

v Yours sincerely,

Dr. Munyua Waiyaki Minister for Foreign Affairs GOVERNMENT OF KENYA. ffcfoverabe r 1976

Dear Mostafa, I enclose a eojay of a letter ad&tesaed to the Secretary-General by- the JPresiotent of AB Volvo expressing critical, views on the UNEP Seminar on Automotive Industry and transportation which was held in Paris last month* £ti interim reply has been sent by the Secretary-General (copy attached)* The Secretary-General would be grateful for your consaents on the letter and also for a draft reply for his consideration. With warm personal regards^ Yours sincerely,

Executive Assistant to the Secretary-General

Me, Kostafa 5?olba Bxec«tive Dirsetor 0nit

ttowodtar 1976

Sear Mr. you for your letter o£ 3 Kovembe-r, X ttctmnftly sorry to hear of the disappoin^ent you end others felt over the miEP Seminar on held in ?srls lest month. • 2 have ®s1c@a for a arsport ©a t3*e S^sinar hope to be> ia a poaitioa to write feo you in detail very sJiortly.

Yours sincerely,

Mr. Pehr G. Gyllenhaisraar President AB Volvo PEHR G GYLLENHAMMAR

PRESIDENT AB VOLVO • S-X05 08 GOTEBORG. SWEDEN • TELEPHONE 03 1-59 00 00

November 2, 1976

Mr, Kurt Waldheim United Nations NEW YORK, N Y 10017 USA

Dear Mr, Waldheim, UNEP seminar on automotive industry In 1973 I discussed with my very good friend, Mr, Maurice Strong the possibility of a UNEP initiative to achieve a harmonization and an improvement of world transportation and emission standards. Mr, Strong at that time responded very positively and initiated industry seminars, of which the automotive was going to be one. In Paris, last month, the UNEP Seminar on Automotive Industry and Transportation took place under the chairmanship of Mr. Leon de Rosen. The impression from my associates and the colleagues of other industries that they talked to, were that the seminar achieved nothing. As a matter of fact, I share their concern that the seminar might have caused a damage, as transportation and industry people who were critical towards the initiative thought that their suspicions were well founded. The automotive industry is very much nation oriented, and this feature has been accentuated in times of difficulties after the oil crisis. Nation states want to preserve the employment opportu- nities and the export income that the industry is a great generator of. There is enormous fragmentation in the industry in its approach to better environmental standards. The UNEP seminar provided a unique opportunity to take a more global approach. The opportunity is gone, and some people feel that it may not come back for a long time. •k*

PEHR G GYLLENHAMMAR

I attended the conference during its first day, and I found, to my surprise that I was the only top executive from any automotive industry present. Thus, the organizers had not managed to attract the right type of people, I have wished to make my opinion known to you, Mr, Waldheim, as a spokesman for many, who attended the conference and who had high hopes for some achievements. It is my hope that the United Nations will take a new initiative to try and correct the rather unfavourable impression that the participants got of this effort to make a global approach. As a matter of fact, no consensus was reached on any issue of any importance. Many participants also agreed that this was the last seminar of this type that they would attend. With kind regards 28 September 1976

for UNITED mTZOKS ENVIROISMENT PROGRAMME Appointment of Executive Director Candidature o£ Mr. Cavalcanti

The Minister for Foreign Affairs of Brazil, Mr. antonio Franciseo Aasere^o, inffojemeta th© Secretary- General today that liia Government t^intained the candidature of Mar. cavaieanti for tlie position of Executive Director of UNEP.

R. ROUTING SLIP FICHE DE TRANSMISSION

TO: A: Mr. Noel Brown FROM: DE: Rafeeuddin Ahmed Room N.o. — No

NOTE AND RETURN NOTER ET RETOURNER FOR INFORMATION • POUR INFORMATION

The attached correspondence is self-explanatory and I draw it to your attention for any action which you might deem appropriate.

CR. 13 (8-75) MR/f 1 bf , CCS SG

File: UNEP

1976

©it behalf and in tins absence of the General, X wisb to thanik you for your letter of IS tNx&e in %foi£& yoi* w

Ahmed Exectative ftsjsistarit to the

Stem© United States Senate Washitigtcm, 2*C, 2O51O fTlCHARD (DICK) STONE ^ FLORIDA ^ AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS

X>|p » fn*. fn n VETERANS' AFFAIRS xlCrmeb ^&{&{c£ /-2)

WASHINGTON. D.C. 20510

V ' /* June 15, 1976 Our File 1147615502

The Honorable Kurt Waldheim Secretary General U.N. United Nations Hew York, N.Y. 10017 Dear Mr. Secretary: As you may know, on November 20 and 21 a conference was held in Orlando, Florida, entitled "Sharks — A Perspective." This conference was designed to bring together leading scientists and interested persons from throughout the world to examine all information and data relevant to the behavior of shark species and also to discuss material which has been gleaned to determine under what circumstances sharks attack human beings. While the conference itself offered much valuable research and has been indicative of the growing interest in research on this topic, one point was clear and universally agreed upon: there is a definite need to reestablish the Shark Attack File, which was discontinued by the Smithsonian Institution, if we are to learn about the relationship between shark and man, and what causes sharks to attack people. The International Shark Attack File was established on June 25, 1958 as an information and records-keeping office. It was supported for a nine year period by the Smithsonian Institution, Cornell University, the American Institute of Biological Sciences and the Office of Naval Research of the U.S. Navy. The active data collection phase for the Shark Attack File was terminated in 1967, both for economic reasons and to permit computer analysis of the 1,500 cases of attack. It took until 1974 for the Mote Marine Laboratory to reduce and analyze the attacks. The facts are published in the book "Shark Attack: A Program of Data Reduction and Analysis.' Thus, the basic research phase of this program has ended and the statistics of shark incidents involving humans have not been kept in a systematic manner since 1967. Although the number of people involved in the actual case histories, even on a world wide basis, is minimal, the psychological impact of shark attacks on the public is con- siderable. This is clear from the great concern shown by the recent book and motion-picture "Jaws." Because shark attacks are rare occurrences, they must be put into the proper context. Equally important, any effective anti-shark measures that may be started for the future, can only be discovered through accurate records kept at" this time.

PLEASE REPLY TO: SUITE 200B, 2639 NORTH MONROE STREET. TALLAHASSEE. FLORIDA 32303 June IS, 1976 Page Two

I have been impressed with the importance for today as well as the future, of revitalizing the Shark Attack File, and I am taking this opportunity to share my feelings with you in the hopes that your agency may be interested enough in this subject to renew the records keeping function on the file which had been formerly assumed by the Smithsonian Institution. I thank you for your consideration of this proposal, and look forward to your comments in this regard. Cordially,

RDS/lb 16 July 1976 E. AtHasa 383O SO28

EOSG . * '

UNITERRA NAIROBI ,(KENYA3

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL TGLBA. YOUR EPBY 1027, SECGEN HAS GASEFULLY COKSIBERED YOUR PROPOSAL TO APPOIKffi ADOtP CIBOROWSKI fO POS1? OP SPECIAL ADVISER. HE FEELS THAT it)R 3HE FRE$EKT IT M3XJLD BE WISH TO AIHERE TO DECISION OF KAtJRICE STR01SK3 TO DELAY THE APPOINTMENT OP A SENIOR

LEVEL OFFICIAL TO BE RESPONSIBLE FQ& THE FOtSSD&TIOH UNTIL SUCH TIME AS THE SITUATION REGARDING ADDITIONAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOR THE FOUH12ATION BECOMES MORE CLEAR. FURTHERMORE IN VIEW OF DECISIONS TAKEN AT HABITAT SECGEN FEELS IT WOULD BE PRUDENT TO AWAIT DECISIONS TO BE TAKEN BY GENERAL ASSEMBLY ON FUTURE INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS.

REGARDS ; . AHMED

R. Ahmed, Sxea Aas-fc to See- Gen

. G 07/15/7G 1331 420544 UNH UI.

FYI73CUNEP) NAIROBI 74 15/7 1330 . ETATPRIORITE UNATIONS - NEWYORK EPNY 1027 STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL FOR RAFEE AHMED FROM TCLBA BEGINNING AN OFFICIAL VISIT TO POLAND IN TEN DAYS TIME LIKELY . POLISH GOVERNMENT WILL RAISE ISSUE OF POSSIBLE POLISH CANDIDATES FOR POSTS IN UNEP. WOULD THEREFORE APPRECIATE KNOWING SOONEST # SECRETARY-GENERAL'S VIEWS CONCERNING APPOINTMENT OF ADOLF

CIEOROWSKI A3= P2/24 = SPECIAL ADVISER TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF UNEP WITH SPECIAL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS HABITAT AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS FOUNDATION. REGARDS. COL 1027-H- OTE FOR THE SECRETARYftfENERAL

In the attached memorandum from Mr. Davidson he has put forward very cogently reasons for your not acceding to the request of Mr. Tolba for the appointment of Mr. Ciborowski at the ASG level to carry out temporarily the responsibility for the administration of the United Nations Habitat and Human Settlements

Foundation.

In addition to the arguments put forward by Mr. Davidson, I should like to mention that at the

Habitat Conference there was a consensus reached on the integration of all units including the Centre for Housing, Building and Planning and the Foundation. The only questions which remain outstanding relate to •whether the new entity dealing with human settlements problems should be under ESA or UNEP, should be headed by an ASG or USG, and should be located in New York or Nairobi.or a third place. It would, therefore, seem that

Mr. Tolba would like to pre-empt a final decision by the General Assembly by making this-appointment and thus perhaps secure the support of at least one group of countries for the Foundation to remain under IMEP even if the other units are placed elsewhere. _ 9 _

^m £t «v

I would, therefore, recommend that Mr. Tolba be informed that, in view of the pending action before the General Assembly on the question of institutional arrangements for human settlements, no such appointment should be contemplated.

Rafeeud'din Ahmed 5 July 1976

/ I UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES

INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM INTERIEUR

D TO: The Secretary-General ATE. 28 June 1976

REFERENCE:

THROUGH: S/C DE:

FROM. George F. Davidson DE: ' Under-Secretary-General for Administration and Management SUBJECT: UH Kabitat and Human Settlements Foundation OB JET: -- " -

As the attached memorandum from M. Tolba indicates, he recommended to you, under date of 26 April last, the appointment of Mr. Adolf Ciborowski of Poland to the post of "special adviser" to the Executive Director of U2J3P, to carry temporarily responsibility for administration of the Human Settlements Foundation. The appointment is proposed for one year. I have the following comments to make. 1. The Foundation is an off-shoot of the Environment Programme and of the Human Settlements prograiaiae, established during the regime of Maurice Strong, with the object of attracting investment capital to assist in the financing of housing projects in individual countries, demonstration or pilot projects,- and research in house building technioues. One of its principal functions, if not its prime function, was to be that of an investment bank for housing. 2. The Foundation was inaugurated with a grant of ^4 million from the Environment Fund, authorized by the DKEP Governing Council, to be used as "seed money" for the purpose of priraing the pump and getting the Foundation off to a quick start. Strong had high hopes that substantial amounts of capital would be contributed by the Arab states, and /or that Iran would put up a substantial sum and invite the Foundation to establish itself in Teheran. Hone of these hopes has materialised. Philippines has however pledged £l million, Nigeria has actually paid S128, OOO and Pakistan ^5,OOO. Apart frois this (and a few rumours) the prospects are not very promising. 3. Maurice Strong decided, wisely in my opinion, "to delay the appointment of an Administrator of the Foundation until such time as the additional financial resources which will be required for it become more clear" . 4. On the basis of financial prospects for the Foundation there is no evidence whatever that major new contributions are likely to be forthcoming which would justify the appointment of - 2 - an additional Assistant Secretary-General at this time. The business of the Foundation (which can not amount to very much at the present time) is now being handled by a D^l (Ostaan) under Bruce Stedman, the ASG of UNEP responsible for administration. In my opinion it should continue in that way until there is sone evidence that sufficient funds will be forthcoming to justify the appointment of a senior person at a full time level. There is no justification for appointing a special adviser to the Executive Director at the ASG level to temporarily carry the administration of the Foundation pending improvement of the Foundation's resource picture. 5. Tolba states in his memorandum that such an appointment is an essential element in our campaign for contributions. With great respect to Tolba's opinion, and to the unquestioned technical qualifications-.-of Ciborowski (he was a D-$ in the Centre for Housing, Building and Planning until a year ago) I do not believe an appointee from an Eastern European country is likely to attract very much in the way of voluntary contributions either from Eastern European countries, or from the Arab states (who have not been very responsive to most voluntary appeals and who are being continually bombarded) or from the Western European and Other countries from which most voluntary contributions originate. This is no time to set loose on the world another voluntary fund raiser for United Nations purposes - especially one who is likely to be ineffective in attracting support from his own part of the world. 6. Tolba already has 3 posts at the ASG level in UHSP, (Stedman, Muno on a one-year appointment, and one vacant). We may have to face a demand to create an ASG or USG post to head the institutional unit which is likely to emerge from the Habitat Conference in Vancouver. If in addition an ASG appointment is made to look after the Foundation, we will find ourselves with a top echelon in the Environment and Human Settlements field consisting of as many as 6 USG-ASGs. That can not be justified. 7. In view of the foregoing, I think Mr. Tolba should noto be advised that you consider that Maurice Strong's position should be adhered to until there is greater certainty than appears to be the case at present that sufficient voluntary contributions will be forthcoming to justify a senior appointment for the Foundation. There is no reason why Stedman should not continue to handle. —L.:^.; :_.„,.

4 May 1976

Note for the file

Subject: Mr. Tolba's memorandum of 26 April 1876 to Secretary-General

I informed the. Secretary- General on the telephone on 3 May I of the receipt of this communication and advised him that, in view of the fact that the whole question of future institutional arrangements in the field of human settlements will be discussed at the forthcoming Habitat Conference, it would be preferable not to take a decision on this proposal until after the Conference has made its recommendations,

Mr0 Davidson was informed of this conversation with the Secretary-General and agreed with ray advice.

R. r" ,.-^.'- UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME D£S NATfONs"ONiES PROGRAMME POUR LENVIRONNEMENT

MEMORANDUM

T0: The Secretary-General KEF.:

26 April ,ROM: Hastate K. Tolba Executive Director « United Nations Environment Programme.

SUBJECT: Temporary Appointment to UKSP at the Assistant Secretary-General Level

As you will recall, my predecessor, Mr. Strong, wrote to you on 1 December 1975 "to explain UlIEP*s plans with regard to the several posts at the Assistant Secretary-General level which were vacant at that time. The policy that long-term appointments will not be made at the Assistant Secretary-General level pending election of the Executive Director at the 31st session of the General Assembly is "being maintained,, In his memorandum (copy attached), Mr* Strong pointed out that the appointment of an Administrator for the UH Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation would be delayed until such time as additional financial resources should be made available. However, I have concluded that, pending improvement of the Foundation resource picture, it is essential to appoint a special adviser to the Executive Director at the Assistant Secretary-General level who would in fact temporarily carry $he responsibility for administration of the Foundation under my general direction Indeed, I believe such an appointment to be an essential element in our campaign for contributions.

The candidate I have in mind is Mr, Adolf Ciborowski of Poland who is presently Director of the Institute of Environmental Protection in Warsaw and who is well known to the United Nations where he served with distinction as Deputy Director in the Centre for Housing, Building and Planning* Prior to his departure from the Centre, he played a prominent role in the early planning for Habitat: The UN Conference on Human Settlements, and 1 believe there is some likelihood that he may be asked to serve as an officer at the Conference. Since his departure from the Centre, he has active3.y participated in the work of the' United Nations Environment Programme, serving as rapporteur at the second session of our Governing Council, as a member of the Advisory Board to the UH Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation and most recently, as a member of the Panel of Architects in connexion with the selection of a design for -UNEP*s permanent headquarters. _Fu j.l__det ails of Mr, Ciborowski* s background and experience will of course be in the per s onnTl^f He "s"at""Hea3quart er~£r ,". -- "~ ~~~" ~~"~ The Government of Poland has been approached informally and has indicated that there is no objection to our consideration of Mr, Cibor owski * s name, amongst ethers, for this temporary position, I would be grateful to receive__your_ _ ^concurrence on the appointment of Mr, Ciborowski at the le^l^f Assistant Secretary-^ General for a period to commence as soon as~possible and to continue _fbr _one_yea;r ;c__ I would~~propose "that Mr. 'Ciborowski hold the" title of '" Special" Adviser to the Executive Director of UNEP, with special responsibilities for the administration of the UN Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation, If my request meets viith your approval, I would be grateful if an offer of appointment could be issued to Mr, Ciborowski as soon as possible. J Mr. Kurt V/nldhcim Secretary-General

Maurice P. Strong Executive Director United Nations Environment

a \ o_i.ntr.'ont_ to Gner ^ .3. .

1. As you know, in agreeing to have Mr. Ilostafa Tolba Executive Director of Ul-J'j'P for the remaining one-year period of my original torm, Govcrnn-onts, prirticularly tho'3o of the- £:e stern Hurooean and others group, made it clear that they would not v/;mt , any other new long-term appointments made at the Assistant ' . Secretary-General level during this period which might orejuciice the decision of the selection of an Executive Director for the t

2. Two Agoiotant Secrotary-Ganeral level posts' remain unfilled — that of Assistant Executive Director, Bureau of the Programme, vacated when Mr. Robert Frosch resigned, and the new l.-oat o£ Administrator of the Habitat, and Human Settlements -Foundation. t '• 3. With my departure and ter. Tolba 's; move to the ?2?:scutivo Directorship, a third Assistant Secretary-General. post will bs vacant — that of Deputy Executive Director . • ' •

4. tfe thus have the problem of providing the senior levei raanagernent which v/ill be very rouch required during the next year, v/hile not filling those posts on a long-term basis that might affect tb'a freedom of action after the end of this one-year, a period when important decisions are to be made on. the future leadership of UIIJ3P.

'5. I propose not to appoint anyone to the post of Deputy Executive Director cmd to delay the appointment of nn /s-dminiot for the Foundation until such tine as the additional financicil resources which will be required for it become iTsore clear, However, wo cannot afford to leave the Programme post vacant. In order to fill, the post without recruiting a person to whom it woald be necessary to wake a con.riiitr.ont for a period of several years, we have sought to obtain tha co-operation of Governments in making available to us, for a period of one year, a senior person with sufficient knowledge of UNoP's programme, to bo sola to provide tha leadership in the Programme area we need in tho next yoar and to whom no commitment for any longer period need be made.

6. After exploring this matter with several Governments, we have been able to identify a senior jerson in tha Canadian. DG artment of Environment, Dr. David Munro, who iss now Assistant Deputy Minister of Environment, and who has had extensive involvement in international activities, including U171DP, on behalf of the Canadian Government• A copy of his Curriculum Vitae is attached.

7. He is prepared to co^ie for a period of one year, cormtencing 1 January 1976, and the Canadian Government is prepared to cfivo him leave of absence for this purpose, in order to assist in the transition resulting from my own early departure. Mr. Kunro and tha Canadian Government clearly understand there is no commitment to renewing his sp-.ointment for any longer period, and in fact, he is not interested in coraing for a period longer than one year.

8. I would ba grateful- for your approval to appoint Rr. David Mvmfco at the level of Assistant Secretary-General, for the period of one year, commencing 1 January IS'76, to the position of Senior Assistant to the Executive Director of U1JBP, with special responsibilities for the Programme Bureau. ' I propose to usa this title rather than Assistant Executive Director, in order to make clear the interim nature of the arrangement* 9. I havs discussed the foregoing matter with Mr. Tolba, and he joins ma in making thia [email protected] to you. ('1 ::ti David...Aird - Mi . j*. 1) PEPSONWL Date and Place of Birth'- May'25, 1923. Victoria, British Columbia Parents - James A. Munro and Alice Olive Bunting - Canadian Family - >?arried Harriet Ellis of Caerwys, Flintshire, Wales, in 1943 Children - 4 sons Address - 3796 Pevelstoke Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1V 7C4 . 117-3'23 Telephones: Area Code 615 733-3550 (residence), &9

EDUCATION Attended Elementary and High School in Vernon, British Columbia; University of British Columbia - 1940-42, 1946-47; University of Toronto - 1947-48," 1950-51 taking graduate studies in zoology and land utilization . Degrees Obtained - B.A. (Honours. Zoology), University of British Columbia, 1947; Ph.D., University of Toronto, 1956

WAP SERVICE • ' Royal Canadian Air Force, P.adar Mechanic, March 1942 to October 1945, Overseas sendee - United Kingdom

Summer 1946 British Columbia Game Commission, student assistant in zoology Summer 1947 & Canadian Wildlife Service, student assistant in zoology May-June 1948 July 1948-. ' Canadian Wildlife Service, Wildlife Management Officer July 1953 (Vancouver) Undertook field studies of migratory birds in Western Canada to determine population status, reproductive success, to define harvestablc surpluses and recommend habitat management; studies of barren-ground caribou in western Arctic; public information work. A-' ,-„< -2- July 19S3-At>r,'fi2 Canadian Wildlife Service, Chief Ornithologist Apri '62-Dec.163 Canadian Wildlife Service, Staff Specialist - Ornithology Planned, directed and supervised migratory Bird research, and management throughout Canada

Jan. 1964-ADr.'66Chie£, Canadian Wildlife Service Apr.'CG-Sent.^S Director, Canadian Wildlife Service Planned, directed and managed'program of Canadian Wildlife Service; introduced scheme of wetlands--preservation, federal migratory bird hunting permits, national migratory bird harvest survey, wildlife interpretation centres; drafted National Wildlife Policyr responsible for staff of 200, annual budget $5 million

Sept. 1968- Director, Community Affairs.Branca, Department of Indian, Sept. 1969 . Affairs and Northern Development Planned and reorganized' programs for the development of local governments, community development, community improvement for Indian bands

'Sept. 1969- Assistant Deputy Minister (Indian Consultation and Negotiation), July 1970 Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Planned and supervised consultations and negotiations-, aimed at development and implementation of federal Indian policy.

July 1970- Deputy Chairman (Policy and Planning), Fisheries Research July 1971 Board of Canada July 1971- A/Director General, Pesearch and Development, Fisheries December 1971 Service Responsible for policy analysis, planning, programming and budgeting of fisheries research and development activities, and, latterly, for direcing those activities

December 1971- Director General, Liaison and Coordination Directorate Present Department of the Environment Directed development of policies and strategies for achieving Canada's goals in environmental and renewable resource management in the context of federal-provincial and International relations; represented Canada at international and federal- provincial conferences, meetings, negotiations

JIIBI.T CATIONS . 10 scientific rmpers; 9 papers on resource administration; 7 popular articles on technical subjects; 1 book, ''A Place for Everything", 108 pp., Published by Canadian Broadcasting Corporation EOUTINGSLIP DE TRANSMISSION

TO:' A:

FOR ACTION POUR SUITE A DONNER FOR APPROVAL POUR APPROBATION FOR SIGNATURE POUR SIGNATURE PREPARE DRAFT PROJET A REDIGER FOR COMMENTS POUR OBSERVATIONS MAY WE DISCUSS? POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER ? YOUR ATTENTION VOTRE ATTENTION AS DISCUSSED COMME CONVENU AS REQUESTED SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDE NOTE AND FILE NOTER ET CLASSER NOTE AND RETURN NOTER ET RETOURNER

FOR INFORMATION \/ POUR INFORMATION

Date: DE: OF

FY333 (UNEP) .NAIROBI 423/422 25/3 1258 INCOMING PRESS ' . '

m POWELL COPY TO I INFO CO •NOEL 8RO¥M UNEP UKATIOSS UEWYORK ,

FYS40

EPBY 47S THE FOLLOWING PRESS RELEASE ISSUED HERE TODAY* - IHTERHATIOfv'AL EHVIRO«F.EKT PRIZE SELECTIOS 'COKWITTEE MEETS U NAIROBI* THE FIRST WEETI8G OF THE ADVISORY SELECTIOS COMMITTEE SET UP EY THE i i ' SECRETAKY GENERAL OF THE UBITED NATIONS m KURT WALDKEIW 70= ADVISE KIR 0« THE AWARD OF THE I8TERHATI08AL EBVIROSHEBT BG3AD YESTERDAY <24 HARCK) AT THE HEADQUARTERS CF THE UNITED NATIONS. ENVXRORHEIIT PROGRAHHE CUflEP) IR I9AIROBI KERYA* KF5 «OSTAFA K» TOLBA EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OtJEP OPEHINfe THE r;EETIKG TKARKED THE GOVERRHEKT , OF IRAS FOR "ITS INITIATIVE .IB ESTABLISHING AM A?1?JUAL

FOR THE MOST OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTION IB THE FIELD OF THE ENVIR08HENT** AND .POINTED OUT THAT "THE PURPOSE OF THE PRIZE IS TO INCREASE THE AWARENESS AfSQPJG GOVERNMENTS AND PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE A«D URGENCY Or THE PROBLEMS OF THE EHVIRQNKENT". THE PRIZE AHOUNTlNa TO DOLLARS 50,000

BE DONATED ANNUALLY BY THE GOVERNKE8T OF IFEAt^ THROUGH THE UNITED H> NATJONS,' THOSE HEBBERS ATTEHDIN3. THE BAIBOBI KEETISS ARSs m..~ -- MISAEL PASTRANA BORRERO FORMER PRESIDENT OF COLOMBIA, SAYED EL OAZEER DAFALLA PRESIDENT CF THE SUDAH NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH AtfD MR WLODZIM1ERZ TRZEBXATOWSKI PRESIDENT OF THE POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES,

m ESKANDER FJROOZ ASSISTANT PRIME MINISTER AHD DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE ESVXR08ME8T OF IRAM IS ALSO ATTEHDIBQ THE MEETING REPRESENTING THE GOVERHWEBT OF XRAN AS DC-OFFICIO MEPiBER OF THE 'COMMITTEE, THE OTHEFf TWO MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE MRS IPiELDA MARCOS FIRST LADY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND HR VILL'lAMs .

' RUCKELSHAUS FORMER ADMINISTRATOR OF THE US ENVIRQHHEOTAL PROTECTION ASE8CY BERE -USABLE TO ATTEKD THE HEETIHG. MR BORRERO WAS ELECTED .CKAIRMAU OF THE COPSM1HEE. IK A MESSAGE TO THE CHAIRMAN THE SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE Uf) STATED* **Z ATTACH GREAT 1MPORTAHCE TO THE lUTERNATIOBAt EUVIROBMEMT PRIZE AS A MAJOR ACT OF= ' ~ ''•''# • . '

' RECOGHXTIOR OF VlSTXNCTXOl) IB THIS FIELD, 1 AE>3 HOST GRATEFUL TO YOU AMD YOUR COLLEAGUES OK THE SELECTION COMMITTEE FOR ASSISTING FE AND THE'UBXTED RATIONS IN THE TASK OF'CKOOSIBG THE FIRST AWARD VIHNER. ' • t!AY I TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO WISH YOU EVERY SUCCESS IN YOUR DELIBERATIONS**, THE: COIWl'lTTEEs .pga - ••'•.*: •..'•; .•'••'.-. WILL COHCXDER THE HOMINATIOIIS OF CANDIDATES FOR THE'AHSUAL AWARD i WHICH COKE FROM GOVERNHEm MEMBERS OF THE' UNITED HATlOtfS OPf ITS SPECIALIZED A8ERCIES flSD THE I{3TERf-5ATIO?JAL ATOMIC EfiERGY AGE^5CY , ALSO FRON'lNTERGOVERNMEaTAL BODIES AND ^R'GANIZATXOUS A«D FRGN PRIVATE IMDIVXDUALS. THE SECRETARY GENERAL' OF THE m WILL CONSULT WITH THE 80VER8KEBT* • • > ;. ' •

OF IRAK OH THE RECORTODATIOflS OF THE ADVISORY SELE6TIOE9 CCHWITTEE- AHD At?ARD OF THE PRIZE OH WORLD ENVIROBMEUT DAY (5 JUNE). ' . JAMES4- . 478 £4 50,000 54- 23, mUH^ W 9 t

of fee ffeg3A Food ftngi&MHd

tbc •8aec«Attt^$awMEftl ftKr a «Mniv«r«Btiett« Sec^etar^-ac^terai f^t^i^m^ Itlrn or.

to tlsca- of 12

-of mr •i^ie ispression t3i.ftfe the p@@% of tba

the

I f faa^iJMi NOTES ON A MEETING IN THE SECRETARY-GENERAL'S OFFICE IN THE SECURITY COUNCIL ON 12 APRIL 1976

Were present : The Secretary-General Mr. Lindenberg Sette (Charge d 'Affaires of Brazil) Mr. F. Mayrhofer-Grunblihel

1. Candidature of Mr. Calvacanti for UNEP Mr. Lindenberg Sette repeated the information which he had already given to Mr. Ahmed (see note of 2 April), that the Government of Brazil continued to maintain the candidature of Mr. Calvacanti. In this connexion, the Secretary-General mentioned that Mr. Saouma, Director General of FAO, had proposed the Brazilian representative to EEC as a successor to Mr. Aquino (World Food Programme). The Latin American Group probably would not agree that two Brazilian nationals would be named to top posts at the same time. Therefore, he would be grateful for an indication, to which of the candidatures the Brazilian Government attached priority.

2. The Brazilian Charge d1Affaires said that he was instructed by the Foreign Minister to express his Government's appreciation for the Secretary-General's "conduction of the affairs of the United Nations". The Secretary-General had Brazil's support in all his activities and "Brazil would stand fully behind the Secretary-General in case of an eventual reelection". JkpeU 1976

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ssr* Xdaci&i&er0 Sefete, daarf& d*Affaires of to s-e® ae to^y êfssînf ts*o ^csiats relating to onvessatloa the l»©nffi£i@st% Eepressatativo 1iad tbo S-®eretarf«0â«al ia e^ssieotioa with the tsoverransut's nomijiiatioii of frir, Henrique a'âlcanti for the position of Executive o£ taffiS* £eoa 1 Jaimar 3,S77. He sststted

3* thsttj.^en. th© ^ttestion %?as raises at tlie of the Latis American members of the casra&as last apatlif disclosing t&e ^am@ * did iiitimat© that submitted a 2 April 1976

UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME . Appointment of Executive Director (from 1 Jan. 1977) Candidature of Mr. Cavalcanti (Brazil)

Mr. Linderiberg Sette, ChargS d1Affaires of Brazil, came to see me today regarding two points relating to the conversation the Permanent Representative had had with the Secretary-General in connection with the Brazilian Government's nomination of Mr. Henrique Brandao Cavalcanti for the position of Executive Director of UNEP from 1 January 1977. He stated :

1. that the Government of Brazil continued to maintain the candidature of Mr. Cavalcanti; and 2. that,when the question was raised at the meeting of the Latin American members of the UNEP Governing Council in Caracas last month, the Brazilian representative -r while not disclosing the name - did intimate that his Government had submitted a nomination.

R. AHmed

It would not seem necessary to reply to the letter of 31 March from the Permanent Representative on this subject. He has been absent from New York since sending the letter. On 2 April, as reported above, the Charges d»Affaires came to see me and I repeated the assurance given by the Secretary-General to the Minister for Foreign Affairs that Mr. Cavalcantifs candidature would be given the most careful consideration. The Secretary- General saw the Charge d1Affaires on 12 April. (See note by FMG on this meeting). *o*l_

April 1976 1

New York, March 1976,

No.

Excellency,

In connection with previous conversations between Brazilian authorities and yourself, I have the honour to confirm that the Brazilian Government is presenting the name of Mr. Henrique Brandao Cavalcanti for your consideration and for approval by the General Assembly as the next Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme.

The qualifications of Mr. Brandao Cavalcanti for the post may be judged by you within a few days, when his curriculum vitae will be in your hands. In addition to those qualifications, the Brazilian Government also had in mind, when putting forward his name, the fact that for some years no Brazilian national has been present in the higher ranks of the administration of the United Nations system. The appointment suggested would, to some extent, redress this situation and be a reflection of the contribution my country has always tried to give to the work of the Organization. Such an appointment would also take into account, in our view, the result of the discussions between the African Group and the Latin American Group when the succession of Mr. Strong was first being considered. Please accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration.

:"*. Sergio coirrea da Costa /'J Permanent Representative of Brazil ~* :1 to the United Nations H.E. Mr. Kurt Waldheim, Secretary-General of the United Nations. ,*

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UWITERRA NAIROBI {KENYA}

— FOR TOLBA IS3FO GRAISSE. RE EPHY 3SO FROM 6RAISSE TO RAFEE SECGBSr f80UL!> APPRECIATE IT IF YOU COULD KINDLY CONVEY AT APPROPRIATE TIME TEXT OF FOLLOWING MESSAGE TO CHAIRI-1AK ADVISORY SELECTION COMMITTEE FOR T.HTEKSATIOHAL EHVXROBMENT PRIZE. QUOTE I ATTACH GREAT IMPORTANCE TO THE INTERNATIONAL EWIRONMEHT PRISE AS A MAJOR ACT OF RECOGNITION OF DISTINCTION IN THIS FIELD. I AM MOST GRATEFUL TO YOU ASP YOUR COLLEAGUES OfT THE SELECTION COK2MITTEE FOR ASSISTING ME AND THE UNITED KATIOHS IK TrtE TASK OP CHOOSING THE FIRST AmRD WUSNER, MAY I TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO %SH YOU EVERY SUCCESS IN YOUR DELIBERATIONS. KURT *S\LDHEIM. SECRETARY-GENERAL.

KURT HEESDL DEPUTY EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL

ive Assistant Points of Interest in the "Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea against Pollution" agreed upon at Barcelona on 16 February 1976

Institutional arrangements The Convention designates the JJnited_.Natigns Environment Progranmie as the institution r'espbns~ibTe™T6T*^pr^parTng*<%nd vening the meetings which will be held by the Contracting parties ordinarily every two years. It also calls upon UNEP "to ensure the necessary co-ordination with other international bodies which the Contracting Parties consider competent". The Convention provides that nothing in it "shall prejudice the codification and development of the Law of the Sea by the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea." Arbitration-Role of the Secretary-General In Annex A, the Convention sets up an arbitration procedure, whereby any Contracting Party may request that an arbitral tribunal be called in case of dispute. The arbitral tribunal shall consist of three members, each of the parties to the dispute may appoint one, the third arbitrator must be commonly agreed upon and shall act as chairman of the tribunal. Art. 4 of Annex A calls for the Secretary- General's involvement in setting up the tribunal in the following two cases; 1) if the two partisan arbitrators have not agreed upon a chairman of the tribunal within two months after the appointment of the second arbitrator, the Secretary-General can be called upon by "the most diligent party", to designate a chairman within a two months- period. 2) if one of the parties does not designate an arbitrator within two months after it has been requested to do so, the other party may ask the Secretary-General to designate a chairman ^within another two-months period, a third arbitrator shall be appointed by the Seeretary-General.

I. Lehmann

4 March 1976 IL/sg