Second Revised Edition

HINDUTVA Rising Extremism in

Edited by Khalid Rahman

IPS Press is the publishing arm of Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad – an independent think tank dedicated to promoting policy-oriented research. Affairs, International Relations and Faith and Society are some of the major study areas at IPS.

Hindutva Rising Extremism in India

Second Revised Edition

© IPS Press 2020

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Table of Contents

 Preface V  Foreword IX

Part One Rising Extremism in India: Genesis and Dynamics

 Hindutva: Philosophy and Evolution (1828– 03 1947) Waqar Masood Khan  State, Society and Extremism in India 25 Abdul Basit  Factors Contributing to Extremism in India 39 Mujeeb Afzal  Hindutva and Indian Politics 53 Zamir Akram  Hindutva Politics and the Role of Gorakhnath 61 Mutt Asifa Tanvir  Understanding Indian Extremism and Internal 73 Response to it Syed Iftikhar Gilani  Economics of Hindutva 89 Irfan Shahzad, Asifa Tanvir

Part Two Rising Extremism in India: The International Dimension

 Worldwide Linkages and Collaborations 101 Murtaza Shibli  Rise of Extremism in India and Chinese 115 Response Ye Hailin

 Changing International Dynamics and 121 Extremism in India Salman Bashir  BJP’s Hindutva Agenda — An Overview 127 Jalil Abbas Jilani Waqar Masood Khan Abdul Basit Junaid Ahmad Khalid Iqbal Syed Rifaat Hussain Murtaza Shibli  Annexures 165 1. Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) – Vision & Mission 2. Bharatiya ’s Philosophy 3. Modi’s Polarizing Statements and Hate Speech Against Muslims 4. Yogi Adityanath’s Polarizing Statements

5. Interviews of Subramanian Swamy 6. Remarks Made by BJP Officials on Cow Protection  Index 221  Contributors’ Profile 229