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Europe €10, Ghana GHc22, Kenya Ksh500, Nigeria N1800, South Africa R60, UK £7, USA $12 WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

VOLUME 14 | ISSUE 4 2019 North Africa: Progress in Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco

Offshore opportunities in Sierra Leone Uganda emerges from uncertainty

Event previews: Africa Oil Week and ADIPEC South Sudan’s petroleum Technology: Valves, pipelines, safety clothing, minister is optimistic about compressors, digital oilfields exploration. (p23) S01 ORA 4 2019 Start_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 11:32 Page 2 S01 ORA 4 2019 Start_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 16:41 Page 3

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EDITOR’S NOTE

WE FOCUS ON North Africa for our cover story in this issue. Egypt, with the Zohr gas field in particular, has been the scene of a flurry of activity in the region. With its close proximity to the Middle East and Europe, North Africa is a strategically important part of the hydrocarbons world. Despite significant political challenges in Libya, there is plenty of good news coming out of Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, as these four countries seek to advance their economies with the benefits of developing natural resources. Uganda is another part of Africa which is under the spotlight thanks to ambitious oil plans, 10 years after it was initially discovered. Finally, the time is right for development and investment, and this will be showcased at the Uganda International Oil & Gas Summit. Oil Review Africa is delighted to be a media partner and find out more about the opportunties on offer, including North African markets are on the rise. exciting new bidding rounds for promising oil blocks. (Image credit: Adobe Stock) Georgia Lewis Managing Editor

CONTENTS

Managing Editor: Georgia Lewis  [email protected] NEWS AND EVENTS Equipment rental Editorial and Design team: Prashanth AP, Fyna Ashwath 31 No need to buy new assets. Mariam Ahmad, Miriam Brtkova, Praveen CP, Manojkumar K Lucia Mathurin, Nonalynka Nongrum, Abhishek Paul, Rahul Puthenveedu Calendar of events Samantha Payne, Deblina Roy and Louise Waters 4 Important diary dates. Safety clothing Publisher: Nick Fordham 32 The importance of hand protection. Sales Director: Michael Ferridge News Magazine Sales Manager: Chidinma Anah 6 Plus events previews. Tubes Tel: +44 (0) 20 7834 7676 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7973 0076 33 Global expertise applied locally. E-mail: [email protected] International Representatives SPECIAL REPORTS Compressors India Tanmay Mishra 34 An Africa-wide industry uptick. Nigeria Bola Olowo North Africa UAE Murshid Mustafa 19 Important projects in this region. Flow management USA Michael Tomashefsky 35 Mastering accurate measurement. Head Office: South Sudan Alain Charles Publishing Ltd 23 Planning for the future. Pipelines University House, 11-13 Lower Grosvenor Place, 36 Subsea CT scanners. London SW1W 0EX, United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 20 7834 7676 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7973 0076 Uganda An update in advance of UIOGS. Security Middle East Regional Office: 24 37 Invisible pipeline shielding. Alain Charles Middle East FZ-LLC Office L2-112, Loft Office 2, Entrance B Sierra Leone P.O. Box 502207, Dubai Media City, UAE 26 The next major player in West Africa? Gas technology Tel: +971 4 448 9260 Fax: +971 4 448 9261 38 A Senegal case study. Production: Srinidhi Chikkars, Eugenia Nelly Mendes E-mail: [email protected] TECHNOLOGY AND OPERATIONS Digital surveys Subscriptions: [email protected] 39 Seismic data acquisition. Chairman: Derek Fordham Project finance Printed by: Buxton Press 28 Getting all-important funding. Rig Count & Innovations © Oil Review Africa ISSN: 0-9552126-1-8 40 The latest advances for oil and gas. Valves 29 Technological advances for operators. INTERVIEW Storage 30 Reducing bunkering uncertainty. Stuart Large Serving the world of business 42 Fotech Solutions S01 ORA 4 2019 Start_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 11:32 Page 4

4 EVENTS CALENDAR ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM Executives Calendar 2019 SEPTEMBER NOVEMBER 23-28 Mauritania British Business Council Trade 4-8 Africa Oil Week Mission to Mauritania and Senegal Cape Town Nouakchott and Dakar www.africa-oilweek.com www.mauritanianbritish.com 11-14 ADIPEC 25-26 5th Uganda International Oil & Gas Summit Abu Dhabi Kampala www.adipec.com www.uiogs.com 21-22 Ghana Summit

OCTOBER Accra 1-3 Tanzania Oil & Gas Congress www.cwcghana.com Dar es Salaam

www.cwctog.com DECEMBER 9-11 AOP 2019 2-5 SPE Workshop: Drilling & Completion Optimisation Cape Town www.africaoilandpower.com/event/aop-2019 Cairo www.spe.org/events 29 SPE Upstream Finance & Investments London www.spe.org/events Readers should verify dates and location with sponsoring organisations, as this information is sometimes subject to change.

Energy minister to update delegates on 2022 LNG plant at leading Tanzanian oil and gas congress

THE HONOURABLE DR According to the Bank of MEDARD Kalemani, Tanzania’s Tanzania, work on the project Minister of Energy, has will increase annual economic confirmed his attendance at the growth, which stands at around Image Credit: CWC Tanzania Oil and Gas Congress 7 per cent, by another two this October where he will give percentage points. updates on the recently Those keen to learn more announced plans for a syndicate about the movements in of oil companies to commence Tanzania’s gas market would find construction of the $30bn LNG it beneficial to attend the project in 2022. Tanzania Oil & Gas Congress, In March, the government which brings together all the stated that it planned to complete major players in Tanzania’s oil negotiations with a group of and gas value chain. international oil companies in Delegates at the high-profile September to develop the project. event, which takes place in Dar es Led by Norwegian energy The Tanzanian energy minister will play a leading role at the congress. Salaam on 2-3 October 2019, will firm, and Platinum Sponsor of be the first to hear about the Congress, Equinor, the group Petroleum Development annum of LNG. Tanzania’s exciting investment also consists of Royal Dutch Corporation (TPDC). Currently, each individual opportunities directly from the Shell, ExxonMobil, Ophir Energy In a budget presentation to investor of the project is holding Minister of Energy, Government and Pavilion Energy. These parliament, the minister stated separate talks with the representatives, regulators and international companies will that the project aims conclude in government negotiation team. industry leaders. work closely on the project, 2028 and will have capacity to These talks are expected to be alongside the state-run Tanzania produce 10 million tonnes per finalised within seven months. Find out more at cwctog.com S02 ORA 4 2019 News A_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 13:23 Page 5 S02 ORA 4 2019 News A_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 16:50 Page 6

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Report finds Senegal’s oil and gas industry is setting a high standard, while Petro-Tim is under investigation

AFRICA ENERGY SERIES – Senegal 2019, a Senegal was the subject of a TV comprehensive report on the Senegaese oil investigation by the BBC programme and gas industry, highlights the country’s Panorama earlier this year, which claimed that ascent as a major player in the African Petro-Tim was granted exploration licenses exploration sector, with first offshore oil without due diligence. However, the license expected in 2022. has since been sold to Kosmos Energy and

In 2014, Kosmos Energy unveiled the Image Credit: African Energy Chamber Petro-Tim CEO Frank Timiș sold his shares to Grand Tortue Ahmeyim field, which is said to BP for a reported US$250mn. The Senegalese contain around 15 tcf of gas. Another sizeable President Macky Sall has launched an investigation government is undertaking an investigation oil and gas discovery was announced offshore into the Petro-Tim affair. into the granting of the license to Petro-Tim. Dakar in the SNE Field. The African Energy Chamber issued a As well as a busy exploration sector, technical experience to help Senegal maximise statement on the matter: “Now, Timiș initial Senegal has an ambitious gas-to-power agenda the benefit from the natural gas it has acquisition of the licenses during the Wade with long-term plans to develop this aspect of discovered within its territorial waters,” administration might have happened under the industry with gas from the Grand Tortue Penspen CEO, Peter O’Sullivan, said. suspicious circumstances, as the BBC alleges, field. UK-based companies Penspen and “Senegal ... has rapidly emerged as a and might certainly be worth investigating, MJMEnergy are working closely with the legitimate player in the oil and gas arena while which president Macky Sall has already Senegalese government in this regard. also quickly developing a robust petroleum initiated. That, however, is no reason to “We are pleased to be contributing to the and local content legislation,” said Guillaume demonize the whole of the country’s oil sector development of Senegal’s domestic gas sector. Doane, CEO of Africa Oil & Power. and produce false claims that jeopardise the This important project is a significant The report will be launched at the Africa work being done to develop an industry with milestone for the country in providing access Oil & Power 2019 Conference in Cape Town, the potential to bring considerable wealth, to competitive and clean supplies of energy to where Senegal’s president, Macky Sall, will be jobs and economic development to this its people. We look forward to using our deep awarded the Africa Oil Man of the Year prize. impoverished nation.”

Exclusive closed-door roundtable sessions with C-level executives added to the ADIPEC agenda for 2019

FOR THE 2019 edition of ADIPEC, the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Mohammed Barkindo will Conference, Middle East Petroleum Club be among the speakers at roundtables have been added to the ADIPEC 2019. programme for the first time. There will be six exclusive, closed-door roundtable sessions solely attended by CEOs and C-level executives. As well as leading international oil and gas companies being represented, leading technology companies and global thought leaders will be present to shaire their knowledge on how to spearhead innovation and disrupt industries for the better around the world. There will be six main themes for these exclusive sessions. The topics include: global

energy trends and policy formation; Medios Público/FlickrImage Credit: Archivo digitalisation in energy; ethics, liability and For the main programme, the confirmed development; and Mohammed Barkindo, governance in the digital era; the speakers for 2019 include Claudio Descalzi, OPEC Secretary General. transformation of the world’s energy mix; the CEO of Eni; Dr Omar Mitha, Mozambique’s circular plastics economy; and driving smart hydrocarbons minister; Tarek El Molla, Egypt’s For more information about the roundtables, go energy investments for the oil and gas business petroleum and mineral resources minister; to www.adipec.com/middle-east-petroleum- model of the future. Irene Muloni, Uganda’s minister of mineral club/roundtables/ S02 ORA 4 2019 News A_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 13:23 Page 7 S02 ORA 4 2019 News A_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 17:07 Page 8

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Equatorial Guinea licensing road show attracts Chinese investors in Beijing with 27 blocks available

THE EQUATORIAL GUINEA mines and hydrocarbons ministry has been buoyed by the success of the Chinese leg of the EG Ronda Licensing Round Roadshow, which was held in Beijing. Image Credit: Africa Oil & Power More than 100 Chinese investors participated, with extensive discussions held on investment in oil, gas and minerals with the Ministry of Mines and Hydrocarbons’ delegation. The Ministry officials delivered presentations on the EG Ronda Licensing Rounds 2019 to an audience which included CMEC, CPP, CNOOC, PowerChina, Sinochem, Sinopec, Zhenhua Oil and China Minmetals. There are 27 hydrocarbons blocks on offer Gabriel Mbaga Obiang Lima at the Beijing roadshow. for appraisal and development under the licensing round, including EG-27 (former in minerals such as gold, diamonds, base very soon,” said Gabriel Mbaga Obiang Lima, Block R) and EG-23. As well as oil and gas metals, iron ore and bauxite. Equatorial Guinea’s minister for mines and blocks, the ministry showcased opportunities “We have met with very serious investors hydrocarbons. “This will ensure additional for exploration and mining companies who believe in the immense hydrocarbons and investment into our oil and gas sector and, worldwide to apply for exploration rights in mining potential of Equatorial Guinea and are more importantly, help develop our mining the Rio Muni area, which is highly prospective ready to invest, we will announce agreements and minerals industry and create jobs.”

Deal-making in sharp focus with new features and leading decision-makers at Africa Oil Week

FOR MORE THAN 25 years, Africa Oil Week Cape Town will again play host to has acted as a central hub for decision-makers delegates at Africa Oil Week. in the African oil and gas sector, bringing together delegates from Marrakech and Maputo to Lagos and Lusaka in Cape Town each November. Following consultation with two expert advisory boards, and countless interviews with the industry, this year organisers have crafted a programme that puts deal-making front and centre of the agenda for the 1,500 delegates. Among the features of the 2019 edition of the conference are a Ministerial and VIP Programme which is expected to play host Image Credit: Jonathan Gill/Flickr to 25 ministers, more than 150 C-level African upstream space for investment and on world class geophysical findings. Expect industry leaders. deal-making. This core group, we believe, will speakers from organisations including PGS, Kael O’Sullivan, head of investor and VIP play a major role in the future development of TGS, Petrosen and more. relations, commented: “A key aim of ours for the sector and, by extension, the economic Last year’s event featured bidding round the 2019 Summit is to ensure that capital is development of Africa.” launches from Ghana, Congo and Sudan and connected to the right opportunities. The After launching last year, returning to the this year, more African nations will use the Ministerial & VIP Programme is key to these conference in 2019 is the Prospect Forum. The event to launch their own bidding rounds. efforts and will bring together the top 180 data revealed at the forum will help industry decision-makers and influencers in the leaders make big investment decisions, based www.africa-oilweek.com S03 ORA 4 2019 News C_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 13:19 Page 9 S03 ORA 4 2019 News C_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 13:19 Page 10

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African ethylene capacity expected to rise to 4.63mtpa in the next four years, with Egypt leading the way

ETHYLENE CAPACITY IN predominately in Asia and North Africa is expected to rise at an America, over the next five years. Ethylene capacity is on the rise in multiple markets average annual growth rate Ethylene capacity in Asia is across the globe. (AAGR) of 18.6 per cent from expected to increase at an AAGR 1.83 mtpa in 2018 to 4.63 mtpa in of 8.7 per cent from 66.82 mtpa 2023, according to GlobalData. in 2018 to 103.33 mtpa in 2023. Most ethylene capacity additions Among the countries in the will be from Egypt with capacity region, China will add a capacity of around 1.70 mtpa by 2023. of around 20.92 mtpa by 2023.

Global ethylene capacity is set Major capacity addition will be Flickr to register growth of 40 per cent from Exxon Mobil Corporation from 189.13mn tonnes per Zhoushan Ethylene Plant, with a annum in 2018 in 264.13 mtpa in capacity of 1.80 mtpa by 2023. Image Credit: BASF/ 2023, led by Asia and North Dayanand Kharade, oil and America. The report, ‘Global gas analyst at GlobalData, said, set to build around 34 ethylene capacity additions of 1.70 mtpa Ethylene Industry Outlook to “Asia will dominate the global projects in the next five years.” by 2023. Exxon Mobil Corp, 2023 Capacity and Capital ethylene market, mainly due to Ethylene capacity in Africa is Saudi Arabian Oil Co and The Expenditure Forecasts with China having both the biggest expected to increase at an AAGR National Petrochemical Co will Details of All Active and Planned number of new projects and the of 18.6 per cent from 1.83 mtpa be the top three companies Plants’ reveals that around 126 largest absolute capacity in 2018 to 4.63 mtpa in 2023. globally in terms of planned and planned and announced plants expansion driven by the country’s Egypt is forecast to be the top announced capacity additions are scheduled to come online, economic growth. The country is country in the region with over the outlook period.

Timipre Silva appointed as new Nigerian petroleum minister

WHILE KEEPING THE petroleum portfolio Mr Silva previously served as a special “Africa’s biggest oil producer needs such an for himself, Nigeria’s President Muhammadu assistant in the petroleum ministry. experienced figure to lead the industry and Buhari has appointed Timipre Silva as the “The appointment of a well-versed former our continent into new heights,” he added minister of state for petroleum. Governor with a demonstrated ability to work The African Energy Chamber has As a former governor of the Bayelsa State, with different parties and a good congratulated Timipre Silva on behalf of in the Niger Delta region, Timipre Silva has understanding of the oil sector is a clear sign its partners and will continue to work been involved with issues affecting Nigeria’s oil that Nigeria is serious about continuing its closely with the Department of Petroleum and gas sector such as revenue management pace of reforms,” said Nj Ayuk, executive Resources to pursue local content and distribution and increased community chairman at the chamber and CEO of the development, support regionalisation involvement in Nigeria’s oil regions. Centurion Law Group. and assist foreign investors. S03 ORA 4 2019 News C_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 14:29 Page 11

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Carbon CNPC Upper Nile discovery a major boost capture tech for South Sudan’s oil potential

boosted by A CNPC-LED CONSORTIUM has made a 300 million barrels of ExxonMobil recoverable oil discovery in South Sudan’s northeastern Upper Nile US SUPERMAJOR state. It is almost as much as the EXXONMOBIL and engineering Oyo Discovery announced at the firm Mosaic Materials have start of August in Congo. entered into an agreement to The exploration well was explore technology that can drilled at a total depth of 1,320m remove carbon dioxide from near the Adar oilfield in Block 3, emissions sources. Mosaic operated by the Dar Petroleum Materials has researched a Operating Company (DOPC), process that uses porous solids, which includes CNPC, Petronas, known as metal-organic Nilepet, Sinopec and Tri-Ocean frameworks, to separate carbon Energy. Earlier this year, South Image Credit: African Energy Chamber dioxide from the air or flue gas. Sudan signed an exploration and The major discovery was made in South Sudan’s Upper Nile state. Vijay Swarup, vice-president of production sharing agreement research and development (EPSA) with South Africa’s While the country sits on petroleum licensing round at the for ExxonMobil Research and Strategic Fuel Fund for the highly over 3.5bn of proven oil reserves, Africa Oil & Power conference Engineering Company, said, “New prospective Block B2. The move the third largest in sub-Saharan in Cape Town on 9 October. technologies in carbon capture was part of South Sudan’s strategy Africa, 70 per cent of its territory To find out more about the will be critical enablers for us to to diversify its basket of investors remains under-explored. opportunities in South Sudan, meet growing energy demands and encourage further To boost exploration, South turn to our special feature on while reducing emissions.” exploration. Sudan will be launching a new page 23. “Our agreement with Mosaic expands our carbon capture technology research portfolio, which is evaluating multiple African LNG to attract billions in investment pathways, including evaluation of carbonate fuel cells and direct air across new and emerging markets capture, to reduce costs and enable large-scale deployment. AFRICA HOLDS 7.1 per cent of reaching nearly US$103 bn this country’s liquefaction plant at Adding Mosaic’s approach will proven global gas reserves and is year. Liquefaction is viewed as an Bonny Island in Rivers State. The allow us to build on their work to expected to contribute nearly 10 important strategy for realising Train 7 expansion project evaluate the potential for this per cent of global production Africa’s gas potential. would increase Nigerian LNG technology to have a meaningful growth through to 2024. This Nigeria accounts for more production capacity by 35 impact in reducing carbon should prove a boon to the LNG than half current LNG production per cent, from 22 mtpa to dioxide emissions,” he added. market with greenfield capacity on the continent, with 30 mtpa. Thomas McDonald, CEO investments in Nigeria, Egypt, October 2019 seeing FID on the As well as Nigeria, Algeria, of Mosaic Materials, commented, Mozambique and elsewhere US$12 bn expansion of the Egypt, Ghana, South Africa, “Through this agreement Mozambique, Senegal and with ExxonMobil, we look Mauritania are leading the to accelerate the pace of our investment charge. Earlier this development and demonstrate year, Total announced reached a

the business and environmental Image Credit: Total/Flickr binding agreement with benefits that our technology Occidental Petroleum to acquire can offer. Our proprietary Anadarko’s assets in Algeria, technology allows us to separate Ghana, Mozambique and South carbon dioxide from nearly Africa, which feature extensive any gas mixture using gas reserves. moderate temperature and pressure changes, substantially Total has a long track record in For more on the gas potential of increasing energy efficiency and LNG in Africa. Egypt and Algeria, turn to our decreasing costs.” cover story on page 19. S03 ORA 4 2019 News C_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 16:45 Page 12

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Otakikpo development to continue apace after Lekoil partners with Schlumberger and Green Energy International

LEKOIL SIGNED THE Otakikpo Joint approximately US$170 million covering new Venture (JV) with Green Energy International, wells and processing infrastructure, of which with LEKOIL as the technical partner. LEKOIL is expected to fund US$68 million. Additionally, a MOU has been signed with Under the terms of the MOU, the Schlumberger and a subsidiary of a major unnamed major will provide funding to the international oil company. The Otakikpo field Image Credit: Adobe Stock/piccaya Otakikpo Joint Venture alongside the other is located in coastal swamp in the south- funding partners, subject to due diligence, eastern part of the Niger Delta. project economics, entry into definitive The MOU covers a comprehensive documentation and final investment decision. infrastructure sharing and drilling programme The Otakikpo JV will enter into an exclusive around a group of marginal field assets in offtake agreement with the major for the sale OML 11. Standard Chartered Bank is to act as The Niger Delta has long been a Nigerian oil hotspot. of crude produced. Schlumberger will act as the lead financial advisor for the Project and technical and project execution partner to perform financial advisory, security and Otakikpo JV will partake in the costs of its provide oilfield services and project banking services required for the project. field development with funds provided for management services to assist in ramping up The phased development plan of the such participation by the development production and long-term field management. project consists of drilling up to five new wells consortium. Project management and Lekan Akinyanmi, CEO of LEKOIL said, in Otakikpo, expanding processing associated asset management costs provided "This MOU ... secures the necessary funding, infrastructure to comprise an onshore by Schlumberger will be shared between the subject to the various conditions being terminal to be located outside the Otakikpo Otakikpo Joint Venture and the operators and satisfied, to drill additional wells and unlock field operations area, construction of an owners of other marginal fields participating further value at Otakikpo ... We look forward export pipeline connecting the onshore in the project. to the transformation of operations terminal to an offshore buoy to handle Capital expenditure to be incurred by the infrastructure and an opportunity to earning Otakikpo and other fields in OML11. The Otakikpo Joint Venture is expected to be revenue along the value chain".

ABS leverages legacy of innovation in the booming FPSO market with Angola and Nigeria leading the way

RECENT STABILISATION IN the oil price unit in 1978. Today, as a result of ABS’ and a backdrop of government support for advanced approach to safety considerations, new projects could see a record number of its global footprint in the classification of FPSO projects come online in the next 12 FPSOs continues to expand. As more FPSO

months. Image Credit: Shutterstock projects come online, ABS will continue Consultancy Marketwatch predicts that leading classification by leveraging data to 2019-2020 may be the strongest period of drive innovative solutions that optimise growth in the history of the FPSO market, efficiencies and reduce environmental impact with predictions that it will reach over USD 30 for the growing FPSO market. billion by 2025. Application of digital technologies Figures from Global Data show that Africa The FPSO sector has the power to be continues to evolve in the offshore world, is the second highest growth region, with 14 transformative across Africa. including floating production units. upcoming FPSO additions by 2025. Angola Technology advances such as remote and Nigeria are the main countries in the how to maximise performance with efficient inspection techniques, sensor technology and region, followed by Senegal, Ghana, South and sustainable offshore operations. data analytics are driving new levels of Africa, Tunisia and Mauritania. Contributing As the leading class society for offshore reliability that enable better decision-making factors include growth in offshore exploration energy production units, ABS brings extensive and improve asset performance. and production seeking to replace diminishing experience and technical leadership in FPSO By leveraging data science and digital onshore reserves and a trend toward fast-track and FPU classification and technologies, ABS can provide deeper insights floating solutions which take advantage of statutory/regulatory certification. In 1975, into asset condition to optimise inspection advances in subsea technologies. ABS provided classification services for the activities, reduce downtime and operational These drivers are catalysts for innovation, offshore industry’s inaugural floating costs and transition to an informed, targeted, forcing stakeholders to think differently about production system and classed the first FPSO and predictive classification model. S04 ORA 4 2019 News E_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 14:36 Page 13

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Rystad tips Oyo discovery enhances potential for subsea risks onshore oil in the Republic of Congo

if oil price is AN ONSHORE DISCOVERY made in the Delta de la Cuvette deposit in the Republic of Congo sub-US$50 was announced on 10 August by SARPD Oil and PEPA, a Congolese consortium working as THE SUBSEA MARKET in operators on the block.

2019 will experience year-on- Early projections indicate that the discovered Image Credit: African Energy Chamber Energy African Credit: Image year growth for the first time deposits could produce up to 359 million barrels of since 2014, but the positive oil, or 983,000 bopd, from Congo’s central province. outlook is vulnerable to any This could quadruple Congo’s production, which significant decline in oil prices stands at more than 330,000 bopd according to over the next few years, OPEC figures. Production has been steadily Denis Sassou Nguesso, president of the Republic of Congo, according to Rystad Energy. increasing in recent years, with a target set by the is promising an environmentally sound project. Henning Bjørvik, a Rystad government of reaching 400,000 bopd by 2020. At analyst, said, “We expect the present, Congo has a robust offshore oil sector so the standards. In a message on public television, he subsea market to thrive during latest discovery could herald the start of significant noted that the discovery is located on the periphery the coming years, but market diversification into onshore. of wetlands that support peatlands. growth will be at risk if the oil The Delta de la Cuvette deposit covers 9,392 m� “Congo remains fully aware of the need to price falls to US$50 per barrel.” and comprises four wells, the first has been drilled in preserve peatlands, given their impact on global Rystad analysed the outlook March of this year. When fully exploited, the license climate balance and the protection of biodiversity,” for global subsea segments in the could propel Congo as Africa’s third largest oil the Congolese president said. “Our country has coming years and stated that this producer, ahead of Algeria and Libya. never violated the obligation to protect peatlands in year’s development is locked in After the discovery was announced, President its lake areas. It has no intention of doing so in the with brownfield opportunities Denis Sassou Nguesso pledged to ensuire the future, notwithstanding the financial compensation and already sanctioned projects – development would meet high environmental announced and still to be received.” but the oil price will dictate growth. In a US$60-$70 scenario, the subsea market is set to grow around seven per cent annually Tanzania gas turbine project completed ahead up to 2025. But a portion of this activity is at risk if the price falls of schedule at Songas Ubungo plant to US$50 per barrel. The firm believes prices at that level would GE AND SONGAS have technology upgrades will increase LM6000PC significantly still be enough to support five per successfully completed upgrades the power plant’s efficiency and improves the current fleet. GE’s cent annual growth in subsea to to the entire GE fleet of three reliability, enabling Songas to SPRayINTercooling (SPRINT) 2022, but after that, the growth LM6000PA and one LM6000PC maintain the plant more technology, installed on two of rate could fall to zero. gas turbines at the Songas economically. the four units, increases gas “Although we expect the subsea Ubungo Power Plant in Dar es GE’s upgrade of the four turbine performance, improves market to have one of the highest Salaam, Tanzania. These LM6000PA gas turbines to power flexibility, enhances the growth rates within oilfield combustion system, improves services, the segment is also more The upgraded Songas fuel efficiency, extends vulnerable to an oil price drop Ubungo power plant. maintenance intervals for the than the oilfield services market in combustor, hot section and general. We see significant risks in major overhaul and lowers terms of subsea spending as well as maintenance costs. The Ubungo growth,” Bjørvik remarked. “It is power plant provides more than worth mentioning that operators 20 per cent of the grid-connected have had a remarkable ability to power in Tanzania. It includes cut costs during downturns, much four GE LM6000 gas turbines, helped by the oilfield service which have been operational industry. Should a lower price since 2004. In 2017, GE signed environment again become reality, a multi-year agreement to we can be assured that the upgrade gas turbines at the industry has a proven track record Songas Ubungo power plant

of survival and ingenuity.” Image Credit: GE in Tanzania. S04 ORA 4 2019 News E_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 13:29 Page 14

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FAR farms out majority stake in two offshore Guinea-Bissau projects to CNOOC

AUSTRALIAN OIL AND gas explorer FAR Ltd, which holds a stake in oil drilling licenses off the West African coast of Guinea-Bissau, has announced that a unit of China National Offshore Oil Corp (CNOOC) will take a majority stake in the projects. Under the terms of the farm-out agreement, a 55 per cent interest in Sinapa and Esperanca licenses will be assigned to CNOOC West African Petroleum E&P SA from Sweden’s Svenska Petroleum Exploration GB.

FAR will continue to hold a 21.42 per cent stake in each license. Image Credit: Daniel Case/Wikimedia Commons Svenska will retain a reduced participating interest of 23.03 per cent and will continue to act as an operator while CNOOC may choose to assume operatorship at the conclusion of the upcoming offshore drilling campaign. Completion of the farm-out agreement is subject to approval by the government of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau and customary joint CNOOC’s headquarters in Beijing. venture consents. FAR’s Managing Director Cath Norman said, “We look forward to “CNOOC brings a wealth of technical and operational expertise and progressing the Guinea-Bissau acreage now that CNOOC has farmed experience, and we look forward to finalising the details of the future into the project. Attracting a National Oil Company such as CNOOC drilling plans that are expected to begin early 2020. We welcome shows the confidence that another major company has in FAR’s Guinea- CNOOC to the joint venture and look forward to a long and successful Bissau acreage. relationship.” S04 ORA 4 2019 News E_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 13:29 Page 15 S05 ORA 4 2019 News F_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:02 Page 16

16 NEWS ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

Benin aims to come out of Nigeria’s shadow ADES wins with ambitious gas-to-power plans Egypt and

TOTAL HAS SIGNED a gas Algeria rig supply agreement and host government agreement with contracts Benin and its state utility the Société Béninoise d’Energie ADES INTERNATIONAL Electrique (SBEE). The HOLDING has been awarded a Image Credit: Centurion Law Firm agreement will see the two-year contract for its development of a 0.5 mtpa ADMARINE IV offshore jack-up Floating, Storage and rig in Egypt, and signed a one- Regasification Unit (FSRU), the year contract extension for its first in West Africa. The region onshore rig RIG 828 in Algeria. has made multiple attempts to The ADMARINE IV contract develop gas-to-power Benin could boom if a major gas-to-power project comes to fruition. was awarded by a major Egyptian infrastructure but issues in energy company through regard to financing, country,” said Laurent Vivier, thermal, solar and hydroelectric tendering and has a term of an infrastructure and regulation senior vice president, gas, at power generation projects,” said initial one-year engagement, with have been challenging. Total. “Access to LNG will help Benin’s energy minister, Dona an option to extend for another Between Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Benin to meet growing domestic Jean-Claude Houssou. “The gas year at the same rates. Nigeria and Senegal, up to energy demand and add more import project will supply plants In Algeria, the existing 7,750MW of gas-to-power natural gas to the country’s in Benin, such as the new 127 contract of RIG 828, whch was facilities could be installed by current energy mix, hence MW power station at Maria acquired from Weatherford 2030, according to Power Africa. reducing its carbon intensity.” Gléta, with imported liquefied earlier this year, was extended for “We are very pleased to have “The new legislative natural gas, on preferential terms a one-year engagement under the been entrusted by the Benin framework fosters the and will position Benin, capital of same terms and will run through authorities to develop LNG participation of private capital in the West African Power Pool, as until June 2020. imports and support a broad the energy sector and is the crossroads for gas and "Award of a new contract with adoption of natural gas in the manifested in independent electricity in the sub-region.” a leading Egyptian energy company reinforces the strength of ADES' business model that focuses on providing tailored Amplus Energy makes its mark in Angola with solutions and superior services in a highly competitive market,” said marginal fields development project Dr Mohammed Farouk, CEO of ADES. “We are also particularly ABERDEEN-BASED develop economically viable field support the work on the project, pleased with the extension for FLOATING PRODUCTION development solutions for a while the company's in-country Rig 828 in Algeria which is a solutions specialist Amplus major operator in Angola. partner Prodiaman Oil Services strong endorsement of our Energy Services has won a multi- Amplus will manage the six- SA will provide local support. client’s confidence and million-dollar six-month month project from its Aberdeen Ian Herd, managing director demonstrates our ability to build contract to re-evaluate the headquarters. The company will of Amplus Energy Services, said, value from recent acquisitions. development of marginal fields in work in partnership with “We are developing an excellent These new agreements further Angola. The contract aims to TechnipFMC and Halliburton to reputation as a company who can underpin our revenue visibility turn previously uneconomic oil and are aligned with ADES’ focus Angola’s offshore sector is and gas reserves into financially on delivering organic growth.” making a comeback. viable resources. ADES is an oil and gas “The lessons learned from this drilling and production services latest contract award will not only provider workinig in North be strategically key for marginal Africa and the Middle East, field developments in Angola, but working on on- and offshore also in the North Sea, where contract drilling projects. there are more than 200 discoveries still to be developed For more on the North African oil with several billion barrels of oil and gas industry, turn to our cover available for recovery,” he added. story on page 19. Image Credit: Adone Stock/Bernd S05 ORA 4 2019 News F_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 14:48 Page 17

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM NEWS 17

Eni makes Springfield Group becomes first African major gas independent to drill in deep water

discovery in SPRINGFIELD EXPLORATION AND Production (SEP), a Niger Delta subsidiary of Springfield Group, is on course to make history by ENI, THROUGH ITS affiliate becoming the first independent Image Credit: Springfield Group NAOC (Eni 20 per cent, operator, African energy company to drill NNPC 60 per cent, Oando 20 in deep water. per cent), has made a significant Springfield, which operates gas and condensate find in the West Cape Three Points the deeper sequences of the Block 2 (WCTP Block 2), has Obiafu-Obrikom fields, in signed a contract with Stena OML61, onshore Niger Delta. Unicon Offshore Services Ghana The Obiafu-41 deep well has (Stena Unicon) for the Stena Springfield’s Kevin Okyere and Stena’s Erik Ronsberg sign the rig contract. reached a depth of 4.374 m Forth Mobile Offshore Drilling encountering an important gas Unit (MODU). Springfield will the Cenomanian oil potential on independent African Energy and condensate accumulation utilise the Stena Forth in late a similar play fairway to company and we are incredibly within the deltaic sequence of September for a drilling discovered resources to the east proud to be on the cusp of being Oligocene age comprising more campaign on WCTP Block 2. of WCTP Block 2. Springfield is the first to do so,” said Springfield than 130m of high quality The campaign will first target working to firm up further CEO Kevin Okyere. “Chalking this hydrocarbon-bearing sands. the Oak-1x well on trend with the drilling locations on the highly milestone brings us closer to our The find amounts to around 1 Beech discovery, made on the prospective WCTP Block 2. vision of making our communities trillion cubic feet of gas and 60 Deep Water Tano Cape Three “This is a huge moment for the ultimate beneficiaries of the million barrels of associated Points block (DWT/CTP) to the Springfield Group and, I believe, resources on the continent. We are condensate in the deep drilled south-west of WCTP Block 2. for Ghana. Deep water drilling has committed to achieving this to sequences. The discovery has The next well, Afina-1x, will test never been carried about by an make Ghana and Africa proud.” potential that will be assessed with the next appraisal campaign. The well can deliver in excess of 100 million standard cubic feet/day of gas and 3,000 bpd of Kenya and Namibia partnerships enhanced associated condensates, and will be immediately put on-stream to between Total and Qatar Petroleum increase NAOC’s gas production. The discovery is part of a QATAR PETROLEUM WILL as well as two blocks in Guyana. per cent interest in Blocks L11A, drilling campaign planned by farm into Total-held exploration In Kenya, Total will, along L11B and L12 to Qatar NAOC JV and aimed at exploring acreages in Kenya and Namibia, with Eni, transfer a combined 25 Petroleum. Total’s interest will be near-field and deep pool reduced from 45 per cent to 33.75 opportunities as immediate per cent. All three blocks are time-to-market opportunities. The Qatar Petroleum located in Kenya’s deep offshore. Eni has been present in headquarters in Doha. An exploration well is planned Nigeria since 1962, with operated for Block L11B in 2020. and non-operated production, In Namibia, Total will transfer development and exploration to Qatar Petroleum a 30 per cent activities on a total of 30,049 interest in Block 2913B and square kilometres in the onshore retain a 40 per cent interest. and offshore areas of the Niger Additionally, Total will Delta. In 2018, Eni's equity transfer to Qatar Petroleum 28.33 hydrocarbon production per cent in Block 2912 and retain amounted to 100,000 boe/day. 37.78 per cent. The deepwater Oando, meanwhile, will be blocks are located in the Orange boosted by this find, having Basin, offshore Namibia. A first announced an after-tax profit of exploration well for this market is N7.2 bn for the six months scheduled to be drilled next year

ending on 30 June 2019. Image Credit: Alberto Abouganem Stephen/Flickr on Block 2913B. S05 ORA 4 2019 News F_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:02 Page 18 S06 ORA 4 2019 North Africa update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:06 Page 19

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM NORTH AFRICA 19

BUSY TIMES AHEAD FOR NORTH AFRICAN GAS DEVELOPMENT

The focus is on further developing gas markets in North Africa with a flurry of activity across Egypt, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. Martin Clark, Deblina Roy, Nonalynka Nongrum and Georgia Lewis report.

ORTH AFRICAN GAS industry development is Offshore work in Egypt’s West Nile Delta, buoyant with exciting where BP has been very active in Nactivity aplenty transforming the country’s gas sector. particularly in Egypt, Algeria and Morocco, as well as cross-border cooperation between Algeria and Tunisia. While Libya continues to struggle with ongoing political and economic instability, other North African markets are going from strength to strength, with their close proximity to Mediterranean markets, such as Lebanon, Cyprus, Turkey and Israel playing an important role, even during a period when tensions between Lebanon and Israel remain high.

Egypt Egypt remains active in its Image Credit: BP/Flickr congested corner of the estimated gas column of 90 equity above 340,000 barrels of has the infrastructure in place to Mediterranean; the mighty Zohr metres in the Tineh formation of oil equivalent per day (boepd) take advantage of this field sits close to the border Oligocene age. that will further grow in 2019 opportunity, both for production, with Cyprus and to the west of The Italian group is now the with the ramp up of the Zohr such as flow lines and treatment Israeli territory. country's leading producer with field to production plateau. plants, and for export, such as The rapid development of A host of other major projects LNG terminals and pipelines. Eni’s giant 30 trillion cubic feet are together transforming the gas Eni chief executive Claudio Zohr gas field soon after The rapid sector. BP is especially active with Descalzi said at a Chatham discovery has almost, on its own, development of the its West Nile Delta project and House event in London this year transformed Egypt in the space of last year launched its Atoll Phase that the idea of creating an export three years from a major gas Zohr gas field has One project in the North hub was a realistic possibility. importer to a net exporter. Eni’s transformed Egypt, Damietta concession in the East “If these countries are able to recent Nour discovery, about 50 along with projects Nile Delta.This is now producing define common strategies and km North of the Sinai peninsula, 350 million cubic feet of gas a day share these existing reinforces the trend. The Nour-1 in the east and (mmscfd) and 10,000 bpd of infrastructures, they will manage wildcat well was drilled in 295 west of the Nile condensate. Gas production is to lower the necessary investment metres of water to a total depth of directed to Egypt’s national grid. levels, reduce costs and speed up 5,914 metres. It found 33 metres Delta, with major Other major operators include the exploitation of available of gross sandstone pay with good operators involved” Shell, SDX and Dana Gas. resources, helping them to grow petrophysical properties and an Significantly, Egypt already faster,” he noted. “This will lead S06 ORA 4 2019 North Africa update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 12:40 Page 20

20 NORTH AFRICA ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

to the creation of a new gas hub, infrastructure and taking open workshops with equipment. Chariot Oil & Gas Limited which could boost development advantage of the exclusive rights The curriculum covers five announced that the development and contribute to the stability of to the entire transport capacity. specialist trade areas – of the offshore Morocco Anchois the entire region.” Built in the early 1980s and instrumentation, electrical, Field is technically feasible, with Then there’s the politics. With subsequently reinforced over mechanical, pipework and the potential for either a single tensions between Israel and several phases, the trans-Tunisian welding – all with a strong phase or a staged development to Lebanon surfacing even before pipeline consists of two lines, 48 emphasis on health and safety. commercially optimise access to any drilling has taken place, that inches wide and about 370 km An applied training different parts of the gas market. remains a potential hurdle. Yet long, from the Algerian-Tunisian methodology will provide The firm stated that the the development of the now border near Oued Saf to the Cap students with the theoretical development options included a defunct Arab Gas Pipeline, Bon headland, as well as five knowledge and practical skills subsea-to-shore concept. carrying Egyptian gas to Israel, compression stations. With a they need to work in their According to the company’s shows what is possible. transport capacity of chosen professional discipline statement, this concept consists What’s more, the area’s swollen approximately 34bn cubic meters upon graduation. of subsea production wells tied to gas resources have prompted per year, it plays a vital role in Graham Mac Millan, senior a subsea manifold, from which a operators and governments to subsea flowline and umbilical push for solutions. connect the field to an onshore In a landmark deal last year, Central Processing Facility (CPF), Delek Drilling and partner Noble where gas is processed and then

Energy agreed to export Image Credit: Eni/Flickr delivered into the Maghreb- US$15bn worth of gas from Europe Gas pipeline (GME) via Israeli offshore fields to a an onshore gas flowline. customer in Egypt. The gas is Chariot aupdated that there expected to feed into a new was potential to re-enter the pipeline, the EastMed pipeline, suspended Anchois-1 gas between Ashkelon in Israel and discovery well, which may be El-Arish in Egypt, to transport completed as a producer well. the gas supplies. Gas exports to The company added that Egypt are expected to commence Morocco has a growing energy by the end of the year. Cyprus too market with attractive gas prices is pondering its options and could, Oued Zar Camp, Tunisia, in 2010. Since then, further investment and that underpin a commercially potentially, see an outlet in Egypt development has taken place. attractive project. It has initiated with its existing infrastructure. an Environmental Impact Assessment to facilitate appraisal Algeria and Tunisia Training enables Petrofac to transfer operations in 2020. As well as its work in Egypt, Eni knowledge and experience to the local Larry Bottomley, CEO is very active in Algeria and this commented, “The results of these is having a positive knock-on supply chain, improving the safety and studies demonstrate the technical effect for Tunisia. Claudio quality of our projects” feasibility and commercial Descalzi, CEO of Eni, and Slim attractiveness of developing the Feriani, the Tunisian Minister of Anchois gas discovery with the Industry, have signed a new Italian and Tunisian energy vice-president – North Africa, potential to offer a strategically agreement to transport Algerian supply and will continue to do so. said, “Training enables Petrofac important indigenous source of natural gas through Tunisia. Petrofac is another company to transfer the company’s deep gas into Morocco’s developing The agreement follows those which has reinforced its knowledge and experience in key energy market.” reached with Sonatrach last May commitment to Algeria. The trades to the local supply chain, “We believe the combination in connection with the purchase oilfield services giant has opened which consequently improves the of a de-risked resource base in a of gas and transport in the Strait a construction skills training safety and quality of our projects fast-growing energy market, with of Sicily (the TPMC system) and centre in Hassi Messaoud, and those throughout Algeria.” high gas prices and a need for completes the contractual Southern Algeria, following the increased supply, remains highly framework which allows Eni to completion of a programme to Morocco attractive to a wide range of import Algerian gas into Italy. upgrade the centre’s facilities. The While Morocco has a growing potential strategic partners With this agreement, Eni centre will provide training for presence in the renewables sector, throughout the energy value undertakes to operate the the next generation of Algeria’s gas presents opportunties, chain. As part of the partnering pipeline for the next 10 years oil and gas industry workforce especially as it is seen across the process and to facilitate appraisal through its subsidiary Trans with an annual capacity to train energy industry as a bridging fuel operations in 2020, the company Tunisian Pipeline Company up to 400 people at a time. between reliance on fossil fuels has initiated a drilling (TTPC), ensuring the necessary The training centre’s facilities and the move towards greater use environmental impact reinvestment to modernise include classrooms and large of renewables in the energy mix. assessment,” he concluded.  S06 ORA 4 2019 North Africa update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:06 Page 21 S06 ORA 4 2019 North Africa update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 12:25 Page 22 S07 ORA 4 2019 Uganda update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:27 Page 23

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM SOUTH SUDAN 23

SOUTH SUDAN: ON THE RISE

South Sudan has had a turbulent history in recent years but the government is optimistic about improved stability as a driver for investment, particularly with other partners in Africa. Georgia Lewis reports.

HE COUNTRY OF South The B2 area includes Sudan is only eight years productive parts of the Muglad old but, despite political Basin and is part of the 120,000 Tand economic hurdles sq km Block B divided into three along the way, significant in 2012. There has been a lot of progress is being made in interest in the Block B acreages of developing the petroleum South Sudan since Oranto industry. While its neighbour to End genocide/Flickr Image Credit: United To Petroleum entered Block B3 in the north, Sudan, has 2017. Much of the oil and gas experienced political and social blocks in South Sudan are yet to turmoil this year, particularly in be fully explored and resources the wake of a military coup in assessed. April, South Sudan is emerging as Outside of Africa, South a promising investment Sudan is interested in investment destination. With the new from other countries. In June, the country benefiting from existing Vice-President Taban Deng Gai oil infrastructure, as well as led a South Sudanese delegation encouraging exploration sites, to the Saint Petersburg will South Sudan be able to International Economic Forum, maintain peace, stability and the where he talked about investment rule of law and establish itself as opportunities and the need for Longstanding oil installations are being revived across South Sudan. an important player in the stronger cooperation between continent’s oil and gas industry? industry as production resumes Block B2 are vast. For South Russia and South Sudan. Partnerships with other at existing oilfields and new Sudan to reach its target of “With the resumption of peace African countries are becoming exploration begins. Under this bringing back production levels and security, the government of important – in May this year, new EPSA, which includes a six- of around 350,000 barrels of oil the Republic of South Sudan has South Sudan signed an year exploration period, the SFF per day (bopd) and beyond, we been especially active in exploration and production will launch with great need committed new entrants attracting investment to the sharing agreement (EPSA) with prospectivity a comprehensive like the SFF.” country. These efforts are proving South Africa for Block B2. aero gravity survey exploration At the time of the successful: we have recently The deal, which is strategic for campaign, seismic acquisition announcement. Jeff Radebe, signed a second Exploration & South Africa as an energy and drilling wells. The SFF will South African energy minister, Production Sharing Agreement consumer, will see Block B2 invest in capacity building stated, “South Africa has for our biggest oil block last operated by the state-owned initiatives, training South supported peace and economic month, and are proud to have Strategic Fuel Fund (SFF), the Sudanese citizens, investing in development in South Sudan welcomed sizeable new entrants Ministry of Petroleum and social and community since the country’s independence into our oil licenses over the past Nilepet - the national oil development projects, and and this is the continuation of few years. We are proud to count company of the Republic of ensuring empowerment of local long-term cooperation between Rosneft and other Russian South Sudan. This is the second content and women. both our countries and people. energy companies as the partners EPSA signed since South Sudan Ezekiel Lol Gatkuoth, Investment is vital to of the rebuilding of South gained independence and shows minister of petroleum, said, guaranteeing the economic Sudan’s economy and oil progress for the country’s oil “The petroleum resources of progress of South Sudan” industry,” he said.  S07 ORA 4 2019 Uganda update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:27 Page 24

24 UGANDA ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

PLANS IN THE PIPELINE FOR UGANDAN OIL DEVELOPMENT

Uganda is emerging from a decade of slow progress and uncertainty in regard to its crude oil discoveries, but with progress being made in regard to infrastructure, could a new period of optimism and activity be just around the corner? Georgia Lewis reports.

T HAS BEEN more than 10 years since Flickr crude oil was discovered in Uganda and the Irene Muloni, Uganda’s energy road to commerciality has not been minister, is optimistic about Ismooth. However, with progress being Uganda’s oil prospects.

made, particularly in regard to essential Image Credit: UNIDO/ infrastructure, the government is optimistic about about the future of the petroleum industry in this landlocked east African country. The Ugandan oilfields, located near the border with the Democratic Republic of Congo, are jointly owned by Total, CNOOC and Tullow Oil, with licenses awarded between 2012 and 2016. Additionally, Armour Energy holds an exploration license over the Kanywataba block, issued in 2017, and Oranto Petroleum has two stratigraphic licenses over Ngassa shallow and deep plays. In May, Uganda’s energy minister Irene Muloni announced that it had agreed to pay a tariff of US$12.77 per barrel to use a proposed pipeline which is slated to run via The expected date for the start of the issue of environmental concerns with the Tanzania,Uganda’s neighbour to the south. production is now 2022. It is expected that the planned exploration projects. In a statement, The route for the 1,445km, US$3.5bn first fields to go into commercial production she said: “It should be noted that some parts of electrically heated pipeline, outlined in 2016, will be Kingfisher, where CNOOC is the the areas earmarked for licensing are in would send oil to the Indian Ocean port of operator, and Tilenga, where CNOOC, Total ecologically sensitive areas, such as Ngaji Tanga for export. and Tullow Oil are all stakeholders. being in a National Park. However, before any As well as thepipeline, Uganda signed a As well as the reserves near the DRC activity is considered in any of these areas, an deal in April 2018 with a consortium to build border, Ms Muloni said that traces of oil have Environmental Social Impact Assessment and operatea refinery with a 60,000 bpd been shown on preliminary surveys in a basin (ESIA) will have to be undertaken to mitigate capacity. This is expected to be operational in the country’s Karamoja region, located on any likely impacts. It should further be noted by 2023. the Kenyan border. that the exploration activities undertaken in At the end of May, the second licensing other sensitive ecological areas such as round was announced, with a five-month Murchison Falls National Park have Before any activity is bidding process. The round covers five blocks demonstrated a positive co-existence with considered in ecologically in the Albertine Graben. At the end of the wildlife activities.” bidding process, negotiations will commence At the Uganda International Oil & Gas sensitive areas, an with a view towards signing production sharing Summit (UIOGS), which will be held in Environmental Social agreements between the government and the Kampala in September, a licensing bid round successful bidders. This round is expected to update will be held on the first day of the event.  Impact Assessment will be conclude with the award of petroleum undertaken ” exploration licenses by December 2020. Oil Review Africa is a media partner for In her announcement, Ms Muloni raised UIOGS. www.uiogs.com S07 ORA 4 2019 Uganda update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:27 Page 25 S07 ORA 4 2019 Uganda update_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:27 Page 26

26 SIERRA LEONE ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

SIERRA LEONE AIMS TO REVIVE OFFSHORE PROSPECTS

The Sierra Leonean exploration sector has been clouded in uncertainty for the past seven years, but a renewed licensing round could turn that around. Georgia Lewis reports.

FTER A FLURRY of exploration activity in The Sierra Leonean government is 2012, followed by a hoping for commercially viable Alicensing round which was offshore discoveries. suspended last year, the Sierra Leonean government is keen to revive offshore exploration in a bid to become a competitive, productive hydrocarbons nation. As such the fourth licensing round was reopened in May this year. The deadline for open tenders is 22 November 2019 and direct tender negotiations will close on 20 September 2019. A new director general of Image Credit: Adobe Stock/Fabian Sierra Leone’s petroleum of the area delineated in the which goes back as far as 1982, as application area is in water directorate, Timothy Kabba was fourth licensing round and the well as more recent surveys. depths of more than 2,500 appointed in September last year original tender process was no CEO of the Getech Group, metres, while the open process is and one of his first moves was to longer broad enough to Jonathan Copus commented: for all other applications. announce a six-month industry explore as widely as the investors “Having completed its “The reopening of the Fourth consultation in order to garner might like. consultation, the Petroleum Licensing Round brings us to the feedback from those involved in While there is significant Directorate has put in place a cusp of a new era in Sierra the fourth licensing round. interest in areas with water robust but flexible licensing Leone’s oil and gas programme,” When the consultation ended depths of more than 2,500 framework that will assist said Mr Kabba when the in March, the government metres, the directorate has taken investors in their evaluation of licensing round was reopened. announced a raft of conclusions the view that the number of the significant potential of the “We are confident that the from what was described in a companies with the financial and Sierra Leone margin. We look flexibility delivered by this statement as “wide-ranging technical capacity to operate forward to the successful innovative flexible Block dialogue … with a broad safely in these areas is limited. outcome that facilitates the framework will foster a new spectrum of high-quality Access to high quality data optimal exploration and dynamism in oil and gas international oil and gas has been put forward by the development of Sierra Leone’s exploration in the region – companies”. government as a drawcard for petroleum resources for the long- thereby increasing participation The consultation found that potential bidders, with the term benefit of its people.” and demand from both major companies recognise the proven promise of a “world-class The re-opened licensing and independent oil companies. nature of Sierra Leone’s working inventory of seismic, gravity, round has been restructured with In this way we are setting a new hydrocarbons system, with a magnetic and well data and the government fully opening the pace in regional exploration broad range of prospectivity studies that is owned by the country’s offshore waters for activity, which also sets the stage across geographic locations, play government.” The Getech Group petroleum licensing with a more for us to become the ‘Gold types and water depths. It was worked in conjunction with the flexible block framework. The Standard’ for innovation and acknowledged that prospectivity Sierra Leonean government to direct tender process is for bids proficiency in oil and gas extends beyond the boundaries provide extensive data, some of where 50 per cent or more of the exploration and production.”  S08 ORA 4 2019 Project finance_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 12:52 Page 27 S08 ORA 4 2019 Project finance_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 12:58 Page 28

28 PROJECT FINANCE ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

AFRICA FINANCE CORPORATION BACKS MAJOR GHANA PROJECT

A deepwater project off the coast of Ghana will benefit from financing to the tune of US$100 mn. This joint venture with the Africa Finance Corporation shows serious commitment to the growing Ghanaian oil and gas industry.

FRICA FINANCE CORPORATION (AFC), a continent-wide Ainfrastructure solutions provider, has financed Aker

Energy by investing in US$100 Image Credit: Adobe Stock/luzitanija million of convertible bond notes with a commitment to participate in follow-on fundraising activities. The funds will be used by Aker Energy to finance the development of the Deepwater Tano Cape Three Points block (DWTCTP), a block off the coast of Ghana which contains multiple oil fields. DWTCTP is owned and operated by joint venture partners with Aker Energy as the 50 per cent shareholder. Other A major Ghanaian project has received a boost of US$100 mn. partners in the joint venture include Lukoil (38 per cent), required for investment in sovereign shareholder in 2018, industrials companies to support Fueltrade (2 per cent) and a 10 infrastructure and social services having acceded to membership in its first project in the African per cent carry for GNPC, Ghana’s for its growing populations. 2011, will benefit from this project market as an operator. This is an national oil company. The Pecan This investment also marks through increased revenue and opportunity for AFC to invest field, which is the most appraised the beginning of AFC and Aker’s government royalty and taxation alongside a technically and in theblock and the field to be mutually beneficial relationship income. The Deepwater Tano financially strong sponsor that developed in the first phase, is an in the exploration and Cape Three Points field is one of requires project development oil field estimated to contain production sector across the the Ghana’s principal hydrocarbon expertise and public sector advice reserves of about 334 million African continent; AFC will offer assets and is expected to in Africa, both of which AFC is barrels of oil. support to Aker, open new contribute to Ghana’s near term ideally placed to offer.” This investment is aligned opportunities, and mitigate target of an annual production Jan Arve Haugan, CEO of with AFC’s overall natural potential geopolitical risks. Aker, volume of 500,000 barrels of oil Aker Energy, added: “We value resources strategy, which entails has a proven track record of equivalent per day. AFC’s vote of confidence by building a portfolio of value delivering complex deep water Samaila Zubairu, President & collaborating with Aker Energy added assets across the Energy projects on time and budget, CEO of AFC, commented on the and the commitment to further value chain. By taking an early along with its affiliates, such as announcement: “This is an strengthening this partnership equity financier role in Aker Solutions. It is seeking to exciting milestone for Africa going forward. We believe AFC operational or near-operational broaden its partnerships with Finance Corporation – we have will be a valuable partner to help upstream assets. AFC can developers within the natural partnered with the subsidiary of Aker Energy navigate the enhance the revenue potential of resources sector. one of the most highly respected opportunities and challenges that African states to generate revenue Ghana, which became an AFC international oil, gas and lies ahead of us.”  S08 ORA 4 2019 Project finance_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 13:01 Page 29

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM VALVES 29

OPENING UP THE VALVES

Leading valves players are responding to rising demand along Africa’s oil and gas value chains. Martin Clark finds out how some of the major players are succeeding in a competitive market.

ALVES PLAY AN integral other specialist equipment. said its bookings hit the highest to take its share of this business, a role in many parts of the oil The project also includes the quarterly level in over three years, growing market where and gas value chain, from engineering procurement, with new awards across a range competitors are keen to make an Vupstream production commissioning and testing of the of end markets such as impression. That means investors through to downstream new integrated control and safety midstream pipeline, liquefied are putting time and money in operations. As such, it is a market systems, fire and gas systems, natural gas (LNG) and refinery expanding local capabilities. that performs well when the boosters and compressor regulation-driven upgrades. Genesis SG – a partnership industry is thriving. controls, field instrumentation, One research report suggests between Genesis Oil & Gas Major players serving this liquid and gas metering skids, that the oil ands gas valves Services and Severn Valve industry niche include the likes control and isolation valves, and market will grow at a rate of more Solutions, a Severn Glocon of Flowserve, Cameron, Pentair, other items for improved output, than three per cent per year over Group company – is a valve AVK Group and Emerson, which as well as reliability and safety. the next decade, rising from engineering firm serving Ghana’s is almost synonymous with the “Sonatrach has long been a around US$11bn in 2019 to rapidly-evolving energy market, valves market, across many parts valued customer to Emerson,” nearly US$16bn by the end of which includes a buoyant of Africa. It is currently playing a Mounir Taleb, vice president for 2029. It states that 0.25 to 8 inch- offshore sector. role in the modernisation of a gas measurement and analytical, sized oil and gas valves segment The company, which provides processing plant in Alrar on Emerson Automation Solutions, will swallow more than half of specialist valve management and behalf of Algerian state oil Middle East and Africa, noted this market share. repair services, is now expanding company Sonatrach. when announcing the US$32m It is certainly an acceleration its workshop facility in Takoradi, As part of the contract, contract. on the past few years: the report reflecting an upbeat mood. Emerson – as main automation Emerson is working in (Oil & Gas Valves Market: Global “Since Genesis SG was contractor – will combine its partnership with Fores Industry Analysis 2014–2018 and established in January 2018 it’s technologies, including speciality Engineering on the Alrar update. Opportunity Assessment 2019– made impressive progress,” said valves knowledge, to optimise There is certainly reason for 2029 by Future Market Insights) its business development director production and improve the all industry players to be positive says the market stood at US$10bn Douglas Fulton. “Our valve reliability and security of the about the near future. Flowserve in 2014, recording just services enable local operators to plant’s processes. That includes Corporation, reporting its second incremental growth over the past unlock better performance and updating isolation valves, among quarter 2019 results on July 31, five years. And Africa can expect reliability.” 

A busy time across multiple oil and gas markets in Africa is a boon to the valves sector. Image Credit: Adobe Stock/Maksym Yemelyanov S08 ORA 4 2019 Project finance_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:49 Page 30

30 STORAGE ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

REDUCING BUNKERING UNCERTAINTY WITH ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

Tariq Boussouara, project engineer at TÜV SÜD National Engineering Laboratory, discusses the importance of good measurement accuracy when storing liquids in bunkers.

OOD MEASUREMENT ACCURACY in the fuel Getting smart about storage means bunkering industry is vital accurate measurement. Gdue to the sheer volume and value of fluid in bulk storage tanks worldwide. For example, 49.8 million tonnes of fuel was stored in the port of Singapore alone for 2018. Determining the volume or mass of liquid in a storage tank is achieved through tank gauging, which is required for assessing tank contents, inventory control and tank farm management. The available tank-gauging techniques includes: manual gauging; float and tape gauges; servo gauges; radar gauges; and hydrostatic tank gauges. Hybrid methods combine modern level gauging techniques with hydrostatic tank gauging, Image Credit: Adobe Stock/VanderWolf Images using a radar or servo level gauge 1. Tank capacity tables 4. Environmental effects normally combined to give an for accurate level measurement. Tank deformation over time The wind blowing on the surface uncertainty value (quoted to a 95 Depending on the gauging requires recalibration every five of the tank can cause temporary per cent confidence level). technique used, each will have a to 10 years, creating tank changes to measurement levels. Clearly identifying each source of different measurement capacity tables for which uncertainty is the first step in uncertainty. uncertainties must be 5. Roof weight reducing the overall uncertainty Uncertainty is the degree of accounted for. When the roof weight or position for the bunkering process. Also, doubt about a measurement, and of floating tanks changes, tank farm operators normally accounting for all the 2. Temperature product level will too. check the mass or volume that is uncertainties in tank volume or stratification stored in their tanks against a bill mass measurement is very Temperature differences in a tank 6. Mass flow meters of lading from the tanker important, especially when could lead to stratified layers of (MFMs) delivery, as these two figures custody transfer of fluids is liquid with different densities. These have been brought into should normally be within 0.5 taking place. In additional to service to measure fluid in percent of each other. Using live level measurement, there are 3. Shell thermal storage tanks, which introduces a uncertainty tables would make several other sources of expansion different set of uncertainties. this type of comparison more uncertainty in the measurement Tank capacity may change due to The sources of uncertainty in realistic, and ultimately help of mass or volume of product in a thermal expansion and could the measurement of mass or operators track down the largest tank. These can include: deform. volume described above, are sources of error.  S09 ORA 4 2019 Used equipment_rental_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:51 Page 31

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM EQUIPMENT 31

AFRICA’S OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY’S GENERATION RENT

Equipment rental firms are thriving on the back of West Africa’s oil industry. Martin Clark looks at how this often more cost-effective option is working for operators.

QUIPMENT RENTAL IS part and parcel of the energy business: why buy Ehigh-cost kit when you only need it for a short time or you need it available immediately? When time and budget are always of primary concern for big projects and the option to rent products off-the-shelf provides an instant solution with minimum capital exposure, it makes perfect sense. It is an area in which many of the oilfield service industry’s most familiar names, the likes of Atlas Copco, are highly active. Its fleet of industrial rental compressors, generators and The offshore sector is reaping the benefits of complementary equipment renting rather than buying expensive equipment. covers every application, from Image Credit: Adobe Stock/Jan upstream through to downstream. d’Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo and country plagued by bureaucracy. offshore industry. But in challenging markets Gabon. Major operators like Shell and And the emergence of other like Africa, it is often logistics In the past few decades, there’s Total rent vast tracts of storage oil territories in southern and specialists that are in most no doubt the rentals market has space and other facilities, while eastern Africa, such as demand, providing the link in prospered on the back of West there is a multitude of equipment Mozambique, Tanzania and getting rental equipment to Africa’s oil boom. for hire, from tug boats to rigs. Uganda, bodes well for rentals where it is needed fast. In Nigeria’s flagship Onne oil The trend is likewise mirrored in growth, from the provision of strategic oil and gas territories and gas free zone, near Port other parts of Africa. specialist parts and equipment like Nigeria and Angola, Harcourt is now a bustling centre Tiger Offshore Rentals through to transportation numerous oilfield service for all kinds of equipment rentals, expanded its position as a leading services and logistics. companies have exploited this logistics and other related provider of offshore rentals in the Given the high cost of some of niche to a tee. services. The complex helps North African and the projects on the drawing board Swire Oilfield Services, has international firms implement Mediterranean region after in these countries including been operating across sub- their projects and reduce costs acquiring Comea Imprianti ground-breaking floating Saharan Africa for almost 20 for cargo handling, equipment, Industriali’s fleet of DNV liquefied natural gas schemes years. It supplies various logistics shipping and paperwork certified offshore cargo carrying and at a time when operators are solutions across West Africa. It processing. units. The company is a leading seeking to stick to tight budgets, has a base in Nigeria, but is also It has allowed operators to global provider of transportation there is growing support for the active in Angola, Ghana, Côte fast-track upstream work in a and storage equipment to the rental model.  S09 ORA 4 2019 Used equipment_rental_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:51 Page 32

32 SAFETY CLOTHING ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

GETTING HAND PROTECTION RIGHT FOR SAFE WORKPLACES

Investing in the right hand protection helps prevent serious injuries and saves money in the long term. Oil and gas operators should view hand protection as being as critical as head protection with hard hats and foot protection with appropriate footwear.

ROUND THE WORLD, it is common to see the wrong gloves in the wrong Aworking environment, such as basic nylon gloves when cut-protection gloves should be

worn. Often this results from a Image Credit: Adobe Stock/rawpixel.com company cutting cost at the expense of workers, or workers not being properly educated by the safety managers, and because gloves are frequently not seen as the most important protective wear compared to, say, hard hats and shoes. This is clearly a misguided approach since according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics nearly 20 per cent of workplace injuries involve cuts and lacerations to the hand and The right safety gloves can fingers. Hand injuries occur prevent traumatic hand injuries. frequently and can be most severe – in terms of lost working cent of workers experiencing lower performing PVC as used in pad is brittle, allowing the pad to days they are considered only less hand injuries were not wearing extreme low-cost items where the break off very easily – a situation important than back strains and gloves at the time, and the result is some 20-30 per cent aggravated if the gloves are sprains. A National Safety remaining 30 per cent of injured cheaper to make, but the trade- laundered with the PVC being Council study in the U.S. reports workers were not wearing the offs are that the PVC material is degraded in the process. that the cost of just one right type of glove. hard, hence increases hand Aquila has developed a new disabling hand or finger injury A good example is the impact fatigue and when PVC ages, it approach to cut glove ranges from $540 to $26,000 per protection glove market where tends to become brittle and manufacturing with its patient, while cost of serious thermalplastic elastomer (TPE), breaks easily. pioneering spiral wrap (or yarn upward extremity trauma can otherwise known as Additionally, it is less flexible wrapping) technology, which is average at $730,000 per patient. thermalplastic rubber(TPR) is an and sometimes results in injury more effective and cheaper over In spite of this, people are excellent choice for impact pads after long hours of wearing. their lifetime than other still frequently wearing the for its comfort and wearability, The impact protection pads methods, particularly as the wrong gloves, often because ensuring that users keep their adhered to the gloves can gloves are washable. Ultimately a gloves are considered the lowest gloves on and keep working determine the quality and better cut yarn means a better in the spectrum of safety gear longer, better and safer. longevity of impact gloves. For glove, better cut resistance, better they are always under the radar. TPE/TPR is excellent for example, sewn-on pads may working and lower costs.  The US Bureau of Labor Statistics impact protection but is appear secure but they will come reports that more than 70 per expensive compared to cheaper, off easily if the material of the www.aquilaglove.com S09 ORA 4 2019 Used equipment_rental_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 13:12 Page 33

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM COMMERCIAL FEATURE 33

COMBINING GLOBAL EXPERTISE WITH LOCAL RESOURCES

As the world leader in premium tubular solutions, Vallourec serves energy markets across Africa thanks to an extensive presence. This year marks the 10th anniversary of its industrial establishment in Nigeria.

ITH 19,000 Vallourec in Nigeria recently EMPLOYEES signed its first Tubular working across 20 Management Services (TMS) W countries, Vallourec Image Credit: Vallourec contract to support offshore boasts a truly global reach. The operations by a Nigerian oil group has endeavored to develop company in addition to OCTG business and local operations casing, tubing and accessories. throughout Africa, supporting oil “Our TMS offer provides real and gas and energy projects with value,” says Justin Body, VAM its industry-leading experience Field Service manager. “Our and know-how. Vallourec customers can be confident that believes in building long-lasting they will have the right products partnerships and in sharing in the right place at the right time. expertise locally. Its sales offices, Our rig running supervision threading facilities, support and means that pipe handling services hubs, yard management operations on the rig will comply and field service facilities are Vallourec is leading the way with best practices in terms of present in nearly every major across multiple African markets. HSE requirements, reducing risk market on the continent. and saving time and money.” All over Africa, Vallourec In an ever-changing and delivers its full scope of OCTG Our rig running supervision means increasingly competitive market products, offshore and onshore that pipe handling operations on the rig environment, Vallourec aims to line-pipe and hydrocarbon comply with best practices in terms of address new challenges to processing, with a broad range of consolidate its technological services leveraged by the latest HSE requirements” leadership. Its Vallourec.smart digital technologies. Drawing on - Justin Body, VAM Field Service manager range of solutions combines both production hubs in Europe, physical and digital services to Brazil and China, it offers a support customers along every comprehensive range of seamless Nigeria, operating in the Onne gas operators. In Nigeria, local step of the supply chain process. products for drilling and well Free Zone, is celebrating the 10- experts also provide tubular yard “It’s a collaborative, client- equipment. It has actively year anniversary of its threading management and field services focused framework that ensures developed competitive supply mill at Port Harcourt, Nigeria both on and offshore, enhanced full traceability, integrity and routes via its mills in China, this year. The mill employs a by state-of-the-art digital asset management,” explains Brazil and Europe. As a result, workforce of around 70 Nigerian technologies and tools. Eugène Fogli, Vallourec’s Vallourec can provide all trained staff and provides local “Ever since setting up our Country Manager for Nigeria. products, from contingency to OCTG threading as well as line offices here, we’ve created close “Thanks to Vallourec.smart, we’re premium VAM connections at pipe finishing operations. The relations with our Nigerian seeing growing demand. We’re competitive prices. industrial operations and sales customers and been committed strengthening our footprint Producing more than two activities are certified by the to the development of the local throughout Africa to meet our million barrels of oil per day in Nigerian Content Development expertise and workforce,” says customers’ expectations and 2018, Nigeria is the largest oil and Monitoring Board and Augustin Irabor, OCTG provide the best solutions for producer in Africa. Vallourec recognised by the major oil and Commercial Director, Nigeria. their most complex projects.”  S09 ORA 4 2019 Used equipment_rental_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:51 Page 34

34 COMPRESSORS ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

GROWING ACTIVITY OFFSHORE BOOSTS DEMAND FOR COMPRESSORS

BP’s Greater Tortue Ahmeyim FLNG plant, located off the coast of Senegal and Mauritania, is using new technology.

The overall oil and gas industry uptick bodes well for the compressors market and Africa is no exception. Ghana, Mozambique, Egypt, Senegal and Mauritania in particular are providing myriad opportunities. Martin Clark reports.

AJOR PLAYERS IN and BHGE, are monitoring mining and construction. As well Any increase in oil prices is the global compressors developments closely. Last year, as new business, the market for also likely to make an impact on market are set to reap Atlas Copco reported orders, replacement compressors has also investment, including onshore Mthe benefits in the revenues and profits at all-time been evident on existing projects. projects. In Egypt, SDX Energy renaissance of Africa’s offshore highs, a sure sign that prospects But it is a number of big new said it was gearing up for first industry, with Ghana and are on the up; it prompted a wave investments that underscore the production at its South Disouq Mozambique proving to be of acquisitions, another feelgood general rise in optimism. field this year with the anticipated particularly fertile ground. The barometer. BHGE landed the project to arrival of a compressor from its US market for compressors in Africa Another industry player, provide the technology for four manufacturing site this August. spans a host of industry sectors, Burckhardt Compression said its offshore gas liquefaction As the industry emerges from though oil and gas is integral, total order intake rose sharply in compressor trains at BP’s the recent downturn, exploration along with the power industry. 2018 too, a hike of over 25 per Greater Tortue Ahmeyim FLNG and production companies are According to one recent cent on the previous year. It plant offshore Mauritania and chasing the rewards of higher oil market research report, the noted in May that it expected the Senegal. prices by accelerating the Africa and Middle East general environment in its key Each of the four trains will sanctioning of new projects, compressor market combined is markets “to remain positive” as consist of a PGT25+G4 noted Rystad Energy analyst forecast to reach US$3.9 billion customers maintain “high levels” aeroderivative gas turbine driving Taiyab Zain Shariff. by 2023, a figure that also of capital expenditure. a centrifugal compressor, to be “Africa appears to be includes demand from other The research report, manufactured in Italy. emerging from a long areas such as mining and published by P&S Intelligence, BHGE is also expanding its hibernation in terms of oil and construction, as well as energy. notes that rotary compressors are local Angola footprint, investing gas exploration activities.” Leading players such as Atlas one of the emerging trends across in additional capabilities in It opens up potential for Copco, Ingersoll Rand, Sulzer the combined Africa and Middle turbo-machinery, process service companies across the and Wuxi Compressor, as well as East regional market, especially solutions and compression board, including the compressors industry heavyweights Siemens in industries such as oil and gas, technology, among other areas. market.  S10 ORA 4 2019 Flow management & measurement_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 16:39 Page 35

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM MEASUREMENT 35

THE CHALLENGES OF ACCURATE INTERFACE MEASUREMENT

While level measurement technologies have come a long way, multiphase level measurement continues to be a big challenge for technological development, but experience has shown that process optimisation and increased uptime can be achieved in many separator applications.

HE NEED FOR reliable paraffin or asphaltene adhesion, interface measurement due to moving parts. arises whenever immiscible Other interface technologies, Tliquids, those incapable of such as displacers (mechanical) mixing, reside within the same and RF capacitance, are preferred vessel. The lighter medium rises by only 12.6 per cent and 8.2 per to the top and the heavier settles cent of respondents respectively at the bottom. In oil production, in one-third of their applications. for example, water or steam is Heavy oils may present major used to extract oil from a well. inaccuracies when coating probes

Well fluids then route to Image Credit: Adobe Stock/pichitstocker or building up on floats, which production separators where they There is room for further technical development in oil and gas measurement can increase maintenance settle into their primary technology. intervals. However, there is a constituents as a hydrocarbon comfort level with these over water interface. handful are suitable for reliable typically results in one inferred technologies. There are Interfaces can form between interface measurement. The interface measurement near the numerous interface applications liquids and solids, liquid and leading interface measurement middle of the emulsion layer as that potentially produce an foam, and liquid and gas; but the technologies include guided wave opposed to total level and emulsion layer. Having a reliable emphasis here will be radar (GWR), buoyancy-based interface measurement. Variation level measurement will help concentrated on liquid/liquid displacers and magnetostrictive, in the thickness of the emulsion optimise processes while interface. Immiscible liquids RF capacitance, nuclear/ gamma layer affects density, and can increasing uptime. The following meet along an interface layer radiation and thermal dispersion. therefore induce significant are applications and case studies where they undergo some Ideally, the technology utilised inaccuracy. highlighting the challenges faced amount of emulsification. This for interface applications does The second most preferred for level technologies and the emulsion or “rag” layer may not have to differ from other level technology as a percent of all importance of this measurement. form a narrow, distinct boundary, instruments installed at the instruments and applications is It should be noted that no but more frequently it is a facility in order to maintain GWR. The ability to use GWR matter the technology, optimal broader gradient of the mixed familiarity with users. for total level and interface installation conditions will assist liquids. Generally, the thicker the Standardising on a technology applications greatly increases user in maximising device emulsion layer, the greater the helps reduce training, installation familiarity, allowing the tech to performance. For instance, when measurement challenge. & commissioning, maintenance be applied correctly while inlet crude oil from a well enters If there is water in oil that is and downtime. decreasing training and a separator, retention time may not separated effectively (water Differential pressure (DP) is commissioning time. be the most important factor to carryover), then this can induce still the most widely used level Magnetostrictive technology allow for the desired processing problems, equipment measurement technology. is based upon buoyancy instrumentation performance, failures and unplanned However, DP is not a preferred principles, therefore specific and therefore, process shutdowns. If there is oil in water, technology for interface gravity-related drawbacks exist, optimisation.  then there can be production measurement. Extensive but it has advantages particularly loss, environmental fines, calibration is required along with in applications with large or This is an extract from a penalties and forced shutdowns. assumptions that density and swelling emulsion layers. Magnetrol whitepaper. To Of all the level switches and total level are constant. Consideration must be taken download the full paper, go to transmitters available, only a Utilising this technology for solids buildup, such as www.interface.magnetrol.com S10 ORA 4 2019 Flow management & measurement_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:55 Page 36

36 SUBSEA PIPELINES ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

A GUIDE TO FIELD-PROVEN SUBSEA CT SCANNERS

Maintaining subsea pipelines is an essential task for oil and gas operators. Ensuring safe offshore operations to compliance with legal regulations, the importance of subsea pipeline upkeep cannot be understated.

T IS IMPORTANT that the culprits of poor maintenance. equipment used in flow In this instance, operators assurance processes is accurate may fall back on ‘hotspot’ and reliable, able to find inspections in localised areas.

I Image Credit: Trcerco pipeline integrity issues quickly as From this, more inspections can well as calculate wall thickness to be carried out but it isn’t efficient a high degree of accuracy. All of nor cost-effective this must be obtained with to do this. minimal disruption to the By using a field-proven subsea pipelines in operation. CT scanner, operators can There are many issues which eliminate the need for these present challenges for pipeline hotspot inspections. inspectors, and if the challenges Instead, the software can are not met, there can be costly find defects and inform the conseqiences for operators. operator whether or not these It isn’t always possible to issues are impacting the pipeline carry out regular in-line enough to push it out of its inspections of subsea pipelines, specified tolerance. and this is one of the biggest With these issues accounted A diagram illustrating the multiple benefits of CT scanners.

for, operators can then undertake field-proven subsea CT scanners a more detailed scan of that area, such as Discovery is that the rather than extending the system’s technology is already scanning scope blindly after proven and reputable, through hotspot inspections. recognition accredited by Powerful scanning maritime classification society technologies, however, can be Lloyd’s. For example, with over transformative for operators. 2,000 scans and numerous Image Credit: Tracerco One of the biggest advantages accurate readings and findings in of field-proven subsea CT its repertoire, this scanner can scanners is its ability to use non- surely help operators in the intrusive scanning methods industry the world over. which can penetrate any pipeline Not only does implementing coating or covering. such a scanner help save time, it For example, one such subsea also helps financially operators pipeline inspection scanner, could see savings of up to one- Discovery, can scan for wall third on inspection campaigns by thickness in a number of using a more accurate method different pipeline systems, than traditional scanning or from risers, piggyback lines, and hotspot inspections.  pipe-in-pipe. CT scanners give greater visibility with less intrusion. A further benefit of using www.tracerco.com S10 ORA 4 2019 Flow management & measurement_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:55 Page 37

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM PIPELINES 37

THE INVISIBLE WALL PROTECTING ESSENTIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Access to oil is crucial. Protecting the pipelines that hold and distribute this essential resource should be at the forefront of any national agenda, yet security teams do not always have access to the right tools to do so efficiently. Neil Hendry, vice president EMEA, Digital Barriers, writes.

HYSICAL THREATS TOWARDS oil pipelines are a constant concern for Pthe security operators in charge of safeguarding them. Outside of environmental hazards, threats towards these Image Credit: Adobe Stock/silentex88 forms of critical national infrastructure (CNI) include disruptive actions from activists, terrorists, and general trespassers alike, all of which risk causing severe damage and disruption. Whilst the pipelines themselves rest deep under our feet, their control stations containing features essential to the functioning of the station such as compressors, valves and turbines are all situated above ground for all to see and access. The control centres work hard to Pipeline security has moved into the virtual world with more sophisticated systems. keep oil moving efficiently and safely to its various destinations – which can be costly and of advanced situational in the most remote areas where any disruption to this flow will consumes valuable working awareness needed, enabling them other helpful deterrents such as have severe consequences for hours. To be effective, such a to be much more proactive in acoustic alarms can also be both national and global oil system needs to be able to fulfil detecting and acting on intrusion deployed to keep intruders away distribution and consequently the three essential tasks: detection, alerts. These digital walls were until response teams arrive. political economy surrounding it. defence, and deterrence. Many developed specifically with Supported with a real-time video To protect essential CNI, such systems on the market today remote security assurance in stream from the scene directly to as oil pipelines, sophisticated have the ability to do one or two mind – their autonomous and security operators, the solution intrusion-detection systems able of these tasks, but rarely all of wireless ground sensors provides advanced situational to provide security operators with them. An effective security networks can work awareness significantly raising quick and accurate information solution for protecting CNI independently for long periods levels of security. Being directly from the scene is requires the earliest possible of time using their own power originally deployed for war zone required. An effective intrusion- detection of intrusion, allowing source, and can even fix issues deployment, this live-streaming detection system should be able personnel sufficient time to themselves to some degree when works regardless of what to scrutinise events thoroughly respond before severe disruption need be. communications infrastructure is for an enhanced interpretation of has a chance to take place. These protective digital walls put in place at the location, suspicious activity, whilst An invisible ‘digital wall’ use sensors with a low-profile rounding-up the total perimeter ignoring false alarms such as around the critical perimeter design, making them easy and security solution designed to moving foliage and shadows, offers security operators the kind quick to deploy and set up – even protect what matters.  S10 ORA 4 2019 Flow management & measurement_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 14:55 Page 38

38 GAS TECHNOLOGY ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

NEW PARTNERSHIP FOR GAS PIPELINE STUDY FOR SENEGAL

A partnership between Penspen and MJMEnergy is set to undertake an important study for a gas- to-power project which could transform Senegal. The results of the technical investigations will be instrumental in shaping this major project.

IGNIFICANT OFFSHORE OIL and gas discoveries have Stransformed the energy outlook in Senegal and the country is now undertaking a

major domestic project to bring Image Credit: Adobe Stock/Erwin Barbe the benefit of this natural resource to its citizens. To this end, Penspen has partnered with MJMEnergy, a gas and energy consultancy, for the gas-to-power study early development phase in Senegal. Penspen will be providing the main technical services for the sizing and routing of the pipeline network options, as well as cost estimating. The integrated MJMEnergy and Penspen team will work closely with the Senegalese government to support the overall development of its gas-to- power strategy. The contract has A gas-to-power project, using the latest technology, could be transformative across Senegal. been awarded by the International Finance construction, operation, technical aspects. financial statements. Corporation, part of the World environmental, social and MJMEnergy will define the Peter O’Sullivan, Penspen’s Bank, in association with the gas markets, economic and CEO said: “We are pleased to be Senegalese Ministry of Petroleum financial aspects of the project, contributing to the development and Energy. This important and develop the institutional of Senegal’s domestic gas sector. Penspen will undertake framework and business This important project is a technical investigations of the project is a requirements for the new, public- significant milestone for the natural gas network scenarios for significant private gas network company country in providing access to connecting potential gas required to build, own and competitive and clean supplies of consumers with new gas supplies. milestone for operate the network. This scope energy to its people. We look It will also provide a conceptual providing of work is to focus on defining the forward to using our deep design for the gas network competitive, clean objectives and business plan of technical experience to help infrastructure, a cost estimate the new enterprise, as well as its Senegal maximise the benefit and schedule for developing the energy to the strategy, including the gas market from the natural gas it has network, and risk assessments for people of Senegal” and regulatory requirements, a discovered within its territorial the design, land access, SWOT analysis and pro forma waters.”  S11 ORA 4 2019 Digital oilfield_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 15:03 Page 39

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM DIGITAL OILFIELD 39

FIVE BENEFITS OF DIGITAL SEISMIC DATA ACQUISITION

It has been 20 years since digital seismic sensors based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometers were launched, replacing analogue. Here are five drivers behind the migration from analogue to digital technology. By Nicolas Tellier, chief geophysicist, Sercel.

1. Digital fidelity expenditure for equipment and While the response of geophones operational expenditure. is damped below their natural The smaller physical size of frequency and distorted above MEMS-based sensors provides their spurious frequency, MEMS many operational benefits. For

sensors offer linear and flat Image Credit: Adobe Stock/alfexe geophone strings, a lot of effort is amplitude and phase responses required to transport, deploy, from DC to 800 Hz in the retrieve, maintain and repair acceleration domain. Their large quantities of equipment – specifications are not affected by in addition to the staff needed temperature, ageing or for these tasks and the manufacturing tolerances, subsequent logistics such as making the signal recorded accommodation and accurate in phase and amplitude African operators can reduce costs with MEMS technology. transportation. The use of on the entire seismic bandwidth MEMS-based digital sensor of interest. The preservation of 3. 3C recording and measurements.Good MEMS units, on the other hand, amplitudes has been recognised vector fidelity accelerometers are fitted with a provides savings in each of for amplitude versus offset 3C acquisition has a proven track feedback loop that enables the these areas. applications. The coil-free design record of success in complex measurement of static signals, makes the sensor insensitive to geologies. From an operational such as the Earth’s gravity. 3C 5. Lower power electromagnetic noise, and the perspective, the 3C MEMS MEMS sensors can be factory- The steady growth in popularity sensor distortion is much lower channel is omni-tilt and compact, calibrated by using an accurate of MEMS-based devices has also than that of geophones. and removes potential errors gravitational acceleration delivered manufacturing when connecting geophones to reference, and consequently, the economies of scale, which has in 2. Low noise floor and three digitisers. The same sensor manufacturing orthogonality turn driven down the price. Also, low-frequency can be used for the three tolerances of the three axes can a single sensor’s power performance components, while geophones be compensated for. consumption has been reduced to Much progress has been made in must be compensated for gravity 85mW, which is providing costs lowering the noise floor of MEMS when operated horizontally. The 4. Cost savings benefits for large-scale, high- sensors, improving the detection MEMS tiny size allows for a small Historically, it has always been density deployments. of low frequencies and weak housing form-factor, thus considered that a configuration These benefits have seen signals such as those that come enabling an efficient rejection of of MEMS-based digital sensor MEMS-based sensors start to from faraway targets or from parasitic signals, such as ground- units is more expensive than a break down barriers and achieve micro-seismic events. The latest roll induced rotations. The field digitising unit connected to greater market acceptance. After devices have been developed to compactness of the 3C sensor a string of geophones, mainly due almost 20 years on the market, reach a target specification of also favours optimal coupling to to the higher density required. digital sensors have proven their 15ng/√Hz through a variety of the ground – a paramount factor However, over time, the seismic technical and geophysical techniques linked to mitigation of for the proper recording of industry has started to take a effectiveness for seismic all internal electronic and horizontal components. more holistic approach to the applications, leading to the mechanical noise sources without Another benefit of 3C MEMS cost of seismic sensors, with introduction of recorders that any increase in power is the excellent vector fidelity it greater recognition of the have been fully optimised for consumption. provides to seismic difference between capital seismic land operations.  S11 ORA 4 2019 Digital oilfield_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 27/08/2019 13:59 Page 40

40 RIG COUNT ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM AFRICAN RIG COUNT

COUNTRY May 2018 June 2018 May 2019 June 2019

ALGERIA 50 50 51 45 ANGOLA 4 4 5 5 CÔTE D’IVOIRE 0 1 1 0 EQUATORIAL GUINEA 0 0 0 0 GABON 4 3 6 6 GHANA 0 1 3 3 KENYA 9 9 7 7 MAURITANIA 0 0 2 2 MOZAMBIQUE 1 1 0 0 NIGERIA 14 13 14 14 SENEGAL 0 0 0 0

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Send this subscription form by airmail together with cheque payable to: Alain Charles Publishing Ltd, University House, 11-13 Lower Grosvenor Place London, SW1W 0EX, UK Magnetrol International N.V...... 7 Subscription order can also be placed via the web: www.alaincharles.com or email at [email protected] Nynas South Africa ...... 14 YOUR JOB TITLE/FUNCTION 04 Industry/Manufacturing 01 Corporate Management 06 Commercial Services 02 Government Municipal, Public Services 08 Import/Export Agents, Distributors Executives Shree Steel Overseas FZCO...... 10 10 Commercial Transport 03 General Management 54 Oil & Gas: Exploration, Dirlling and 04 Technical Management Production 05 64 Tolmann Allied Services Company Ltd ...... 43 Others, Please specify Oil & Gas: Downstream Processing ...... 74 Oil & Gas: Other, Please specify YOUR BUSINESS ...... Government/Public/Diplomatic Services 16 Others, Please specify Voestalpine Tubulars GmbH and Company KG ...... 2 01 02 Infrastructure ...... 03 Educational/Research Institutes S11 ORA 4 2019 Digital oilfield_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 15:03 Page 41

ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM INNOVATIONS 41

Modular Mobile app for configuring radar level solution for transmitters aid accurate tank measurement

ready-to-go EMERSON HAS INTRODUCED the Radar Master app for the power plants AMS Trex Device Communicator, to help field THE WÄRTSILÄ MODULAR technicians to better configure Block power plant solution is a Rosemount radar level pre-fabricated, modularly transmitters. Radar level devices configured, and expandable help deliver accurate, reliable enclosure for Wärtsilä medium- measurements on liquid and speed 34SG gas engine solid materials. This app allows generators. Aside from the gas users to easily bring the radar engine generator, the Wärtsilä configuration tools of Radar Apps are the way forward for many

Modular Block concept’s Master software to the field. Image Credit: Emerson industry tasks, such as measurement. enclosure incorporates engine- The compact design of the specific auxiliary units. The AMS Trex communicator has trend tank level and alert recorded and time-stamped, solution enables to reduce the on- been designed for working in the information to identify issues and providing an automated audit site installation time from several small, and often hazardous, troubleshoot by using the new trail. Changes are updated to the months to a few weeks, environment of a tank. One- built-in historian. Technicians AMS Device Manager database depending on the full scope of handed operation, NFC-enabled can view and compare snapshots whenever the AMS Trex device supply. Medium-speed engine user security, and intrinsic safety of past configuration data in a detects a WiFi signal or USB technology has higher efficiency ratings enable technicians to timeline, giving better insight to connection to ensure accuracy and lower lifecycle costs than work safely and effectively in operational impact of changes. and measurement data integrity. containerised high-speed engines these difficult areas. Every configuration change or gas turbine solutions. Users can track, view, and made in the field is automatically www.emerson.com/Trex The block can be offered as a full engineering, EPC project. The solution is easily expandable to accommodate increased Human-Machine Interface (HMI) to provide a energy demand, and to respond to fast-growing customer complete gas and hazard visibility solution business needs. The concept enables dismantling and CROWCON HAS DEVELOPED system views, often incorporating view data from multiple panels relocation, meaning it also offers an HMI solution that creates other sensors including security, from one central screen. Due to new business models, such as complete system visibility. The flow, smoke and fire. the system having the ability to power as a service or rentals. solution can run alongside Crowcon’s product manager store alarm and event logs, users It is easy to integrate with existing systems or mimic panels William Allum explains, “This can quickly understand the renewable energy and storage which are used to monitor wider solution enables our customers to symptoms of a problem as they systems. It provides grid stability view the information and identify and balancing when integrating the exact location. renewable energy sources with Vortex & Gasmaster HMI intermittent production. The employs license activated flexibility enables timely software operated from a expansion with minimal front- dedicated touchscreen panel. As end investments, or relocation to the system is modular, users accommodate changing specify the required number of requirements. This, combined input converters to link the

with the high efficiency, the Image Credit: Crowcon number of controllers in their minimised on-site installation system. It monitors up to six time, and its configurability with Vortex panels or racks, or up to external systems makes it an 10 Gasmaster controllers excellent solution for many operating on one system, so power generation enterprises. either Vortex or Gasmaster.” Detecting hazards can be simplified www.wartsila.com with a simple, visible system. www.crowcon.com S12 ORA 4 2019 Interview_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 15:05 Page 42

42 INTERVIEW ISSUE 4 2019 • WWW.OILREVIEWAFRICA.COM

INTEGRITY AND SECURITY THREATS: PROTECTING PIPELINES

Pipeline security is an ongoing concern for many African operators. Stuart Large, product director and business solutions, at Fotech Solutions, discusses how to protect pipelines from integrity and security threats.

To what extent are security threats a concern? Pipeline security, especially in By their nature, pipelines might be considered remote locations with increased as soft targets. By planting a device close to the vulnerability, is essential. pipeline, or drilling into the side of it, it would be possible to cause substantial damage and disruption through an explosion, spillage or prevention of flow. It’s difficult to provide full protection for a pipeline using traditional techniques such as patrols or cameras, because the pipelines are so long and often travel through challenging and remote terrain. Those wishing to do harm to a pipeline can pick a section that is out of sight and can wait for line-walkers to pass before going about their work. If the intent is to steal product from the Image Credit: Adobe Stock/silentalex88 pipeline, thought needs to be given to how the DAS which can monitor pipelines covertly. pipelines are protected using our technology product will be transported and taken to Disturbances from criminals walking, digging in India. In one example on a 72km pipeline, market. But if the intention is simply to cause or operating vehicles near the pipeline will be 26 hot tap attempts were detected and destruction, then that opens more detected and located by an unseen fibre optic prevented in only six months. The success lies opportunities to criminals and greater chances sensor. The activity will be categorised and in the ability to detect disturbances at the of success. raised as an alarm with a precise time and set earliest possible stage, raising an alarm and of coordinates, so the security team can being able to provide actionable information What are the main threats to pipeline rapidly decide on the best course of action and for operators immediately before incidents security and integrity? seek to prevent damage to the pipeline. become full-blown disasters. Pipelines are potentially exposed to the threats Using a fibre optic cable laid alongside the One particular case involved a tunnel of terrorism, theft by hot-tapping, accidental pipeline, DAS technology will detect threats to being dug into from a nearby building with damage from things like excavators, or the pipeline and raise alarms. It can be an attempt to rupture a buried pipeline. A geotechnical activity such as landslides. There integrated with other aspects of the security combination of two monitoring has been news recently of drone attacks on system, which might include cameras, technologies, Fotech’s LivePIPE and a mass critical Saudi pipeline infrastructure, with personnel response, or drones. They can be balance system were able to detect this pipelines actually being shut down. Such attacks directed immediately to a very precise activity. This is because they worked in create wider issues for the global oil industry location, accurate to within 10m, to give the conjunction to identify both a loss of and cause a spike in global oil prices. This best chance of identifying the perpetrators. product within the pipes whilst identifying incident shows that other pipeline assets within the tunnelers digging. Through cross the region are at risk from similar attacks. Are there any case studies you would like referencing the data, operators were able to to highlight? identify the rupture attempt to a region of What measures can pipeline operators Fotech Helios DAS sensors are protecting 10m, and the security team could act take to protect their pipelines against such many assets in the region and elsewhere accordingly.  threats? around the world. For example, with recent Operators need to apply technology such as installations included, more than 5,000km of www.fotech.com S12 ORA 4 2019 Interview_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 15:05 Page 43 S12 ORA 4 2019 Interview_ORA Master Template - 2016 New 26/08/2019 15:05 Page 44