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SPORTO 2 0 0 6 SPORT 1(43) MOKSLAS VILNIUS SCIENCE LIETUVOS SPORTO MOKSLO TARYBOS LIETUVOS OLIMPINËS AKADEMIJOS LIETUVOS KÛNO KULTÛROS AKADEMIJOS VILNIAUS PEDAGOGINIO UNIVERSITETO Þ U R N A L A S JOURNAL OF LITHUANIAN SPORTS SCIENCE COUNCIL, LITHUANIAN OLYMPIC ACADEMY, LITHUANIAN ACADEMY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND VILNIUS PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY LEIDÞIAMAS nuo 1995 m.; nuo 1996 m. – prestiþinis þurnalas ISSN 1392-1401 REDAKTORIØ TARYBA Prof. habil. dr. Algirdas BAUBINAS (VU) TURINYS Prof. habil. dr. Alina GAILIÛNIENË (LKKA) ÁVADAS // INTRODUCTION .............................................................2 Prof. dr. Jochen HINSCHING (Greisvaldo u-tas, Vokietija) S. Stonkus. Lietuvos filosofø, pedagogø, švietëjø indëlis klojant Prof. habil. dr. Algimantas IRNIUS (VU) Prof. habil. dr. Jonas JANKAUSKAS (VU) kûno kultûros, sporto mokslo pamatus ...................................................2 Prof. habil. dr. JanasJanas JAŠÈANINASJAŠÈANINAS (Šèecino(Šèecino universitetas,universitetas, Lenkija)Lenkija) SPORTO MOKSLO TEORIJA // SPORT SCIENCE THEORY ..........8 Prof. habil. dr. Povilas KAROBLIS (LOA, vyr. redaktorius) P. Karoblis. Mokslo þiniø trûkumas – didþiausias pavojus Prof. habil. dr. Sigitas KREGÞDË (VPU) trenerio profesijai ......................................................................................8 Prof. habil. dr. Kæstas MIŠKINIS (LOA) A. Skarbalius. Elito rankininkø kûno sudëjimo, varþybinës Prof. habil. dr. Algirdas RASLANAS (KKSD) Prof. habil. dr. Juozas SAPLINSKAS (VU) patirties, amþiaus átaka 2005 metø pasaulio èempionato sportiniams Prof. habil. dr. Antanas SKARBALIUS (LKKA) rezultatams ...............................................................................................14 Prof. habil. dr. Juozas SKERNEVIÈIUSSKERNEVIÈIUS (VPU) R. Malinauskas, G. Bukauskas, V. Ivaškienë. Trenerio bendravimo Prof. dr. Arvydas STASIULIS (LKKA) su sportininkais ypatumai (15–18 metø krepšininkø ir imtynininkø Kazys STEPONAVIÈIUSSTEPONAVIÈIUS (LTOK) akimis) ......................................................................................................19 Prof. habil. dr. Stanislovas STONKUS (LKKA) Prof. habil. dr. Povilas TAMOŠAUSKASTAMOŠAUSKAS (VGTU) R. Gulbinas, A. Kuzmienë. Sporto mokslo raidos Lietuvos Dr. Eglë KEMERYTË-RIAUBIENË (atsak. sekretorë) kûno kultûros akademijoje bruoþai .......................................................24 SPORTO MOKSLO DIDAKTIKA // SPORTS SCIENCE DIDACTICS ......29 Þurnale ¥SPORTO MOKSLAS´ spausdinami straipsniai L. Venclovaitë, A. Raslanas. Vyrø ir moterø irkluotojø taktika šiø mokslo krypèiø: olimpinëse þaidynëse ..............................................................................29 1. Sporto mokslo teorija. 2. Sporto bei judesiø fiziologija, sporto medicina, A.A. Ýebrowska, S. Poprzæcki.Poprzæcki. Effect of endurance training on sporto biochemija. anabolic and catabolic hormones concentration ..................................35 3. Ávairaus amþiaus ir treniruotumo sportininkø organizmo K. Milašius, J. Skernevièius. Pasaulio galiûnø èempiono sportinio adaptacija prie fiziniø krûviø. 4. Sporto pedagogika ir sporto psichologija. rengimosi ir fiziniø bei funkciniø galiø charakteristika .......................39 5. Sportiniø þaidimø teorija ir didaktika. E. Dybiñska. Selected somatic and functional factors and 6. Kûno kultûros teorija, sveika gyvensena ir fizinë reabi- the speed of learning and teatching of swimming activities to litacija. 7. Sporto istorija, sporto sociologija, sporto vadyba, sporto ten-year-old children ...............................................................................44 informatika, olimpinio sporto problemos. J. Poderys, E. Venskaitytë, K. Poderytë, M. Eþerskis, Vyr. redaktorius P. KAROBLIS +370 526 22 185 A. Buliuolis. Dvikovos sporto šakø atstovø atsigavimo proceso Atsakingoji sekretorë ypatybës ir jø kaita po didelës apimties koncentruotø jëgos E. KEMERYTË-RIAUBIENË +370 521 26 364 greitumo krûviø ......................................................................................48 Dizainas Romo DUBONIO T. Gabrys, U. Szmatlan-Gabrys, M. Ozimek, R. Staszkiewicz. Viršelis dail. Rasos DOÈKUTËS The diagnostics of the ice hockey players - from laboratory Redaktorë ir korektorë Zita ŠAKALINIENË to field methods ......................................................................................53 Anglø k. redaktorë Ramunë ÞILINSKIENË G. Girdauskas, B. Girdauskienë, R. Kazakevièius. Ledo Maketavo Eglë SLUŠNIENËSLUŠNIENË ritulininkø specialiojo fizinio parengtumo kaita pubertatiniu Leidþia laikotarpiu ................................................................................................61 H. Stoklosa. The age at menarche and regular menstruations and ultrasonographic assessment of bone structure in female athletes engaged in competitive sports ...............................................65 Þemaitës g. 6, LT–03117 Vilnius N.N. Þilinskienë, D.D. Radþiukynas.Radþiukynas. Didelio meistriškumo Lietuvos Tel. +370 523 36 153; faks. +370 521 33 496 El. paštas: [email protected] šuolininkiø á aukštá sportinio rengimo didaktinës kryptys ...................68 INTERNETE: www.sportinfo.lt/sportomokslas R. Kurganas, A. Raslanas, J. Karosienë, E. Petkus. Lengvasvoriø Tiraþas 200 egz. Uþsakymas 36. irkluotojø fizinio išsivystymo, fizinio ir funkcinio pajëgumo Kaina sutartinë charakteristika .........................................................................................74 A. Èepulënas. Lietuvos olimpinës slidinëjimo rinktinës kandidatø © Lietuvos sporto mokslo taryba treniravimo ypatumai slidinëjimo pratybø mezociklais vasaros © Lietuvos olimpinë akademija © Lietuvos kûno kultûros akademija ir rudens laikotarpiu ................................................................................78 © Vilniaus pedagoginis universitetas INFORMACIJA AUTORIAMS // INFORMATION TO AUTHORS .......... 85 2 SPORTO MOKSLAS ÁVADAS INTRODUCTION Lietuvos filosofø, pedagogø, švietëjø indëlis klojant kûno kultûros, sporto mokslo pamatus Prof. habil. dr. Stanislovas Stonkus Lietuvos kûno kultûros akademija Santrauka Sporto mokslo pagrindinë funkcija – paþinimas. Sporto mokslas, kaip atskira integraliøjø mokslø kryptis, pradëjo formuotis XX a. Taèiau, nors ir negausi, išlikusi medþiaga apie atletø rengimàsi Olimpijos þaidynëms stebina jau tada buvusia sportinio rengimo sistema, jos atrama á anatomijos, fiziologijos, psichologijos mokslus. Tam reikëjo specifiniø kultûriniø veiksniø visumos. Kûno kultûros, sporto mokslui, turinèiam savo tyrimo objektà, mokslinæ teorijà ir kt., taip pat reikëjo tam tikrø veiksniø visumos. Kol jø nebuvo, vyravo atskirø tyrimø sritys, kryptys. Lietuvoje kûno kultûra, sportas visø pirma pradëti nagrinëti teoriniu, edukaciniu, sveikatos poþiûriais. Èia, kaip ir visoje Europoje (Spenceris ir kt.), neákainojamà vaidmená suvaidino Lietuvos filosofai, kultûrologai, pedagogai, švietëjai. A. Sniadeckis dar paèioje XIX a. pradþioje nagrinëjo vaikø fiziná auklëjimà, prasmingus þaidimus ir pramogas propa- gavo vyskupas M. Valanèius (XIX a. vidurys), fizinio lavinimo teorijos klausimus aptarë St. Šalkauskis (XX a. pradþia), þmogaus judesius, jø esmæ, svarbà, mokymà ir tobulinimà – Vydûnas, V. Sezemanas, visapusá (dvasiná ir fiziná) ugdymà – St. Šalkauskis, V. Kudirka, Vydûnas, A. Maceina, V. Sezemanas. Šiø ir kitø Lietuvos filosofø, pedagogø, švietëjø mintys ir išvados reikšmingos ir mûsø dienø kûno kultûros, sporto mokslui. Raktaþodþiai: paþinimas, sportinio rengimo sistema, sporto mokslas, mokslinë teorija. Kûno kultûra, sportas, kaip ir kiti visuomeniniai Kûno kultûros, sporto mokslui, turinèiam savo tyri- reiškiniai (literatûra, architektûra ir kt.), nors ir mo objektà, mokslinæ teorijà, metodologijà, savità kinta, plëtojasi, tobulëja savarankiškai pagal savo þiniø sistemà, subræsti taip pat reikëjo specifiniø specifinius dësningumus, taèiau lemiamà átakà turi veiksniø visumos. Kol jø nebuvo, gyvavo atskiros visuomeninë santvarka ir iš jos išplaukiantys tikslai tyrimo sritys, kryptys. bei uþdaviniai, taip pat tokios veiklos rûšys kaip tech- Praktinis ir net mokslinis þmogaus veiklos, kaip nologijø lygis, politika, sveikatos apsauga, kultûrinës fenomeno, nagrinëjimas siekia paèius seniausius vertybës, vietiniai paproèiai ir galimybës. þmonijos istorijos laikus (medþioklës judesiø, veiks- Dabar, prasidëjus XXI amþiui, kûno kultûra, mø mokymasis, jø tobulinimas apima 80000–8000 m. sportas suvokiami kaip svarbios, bûtinos bendraso- pr. Kr.). Naujaisiais laikais þmogaus fizinio akty- cialinës vertybës, áëjusios á þmogaus socialinæ bûtá, vumo, judesiø atlikimo kokybës problemos buvo tenkinanèios jo poreikius ir interesus, susijusius nagrinëjamos medicininiu, edukaciniu, istoriniu, su fiziniu aktyvumu, ugdymu. Bet iki šios, atrodo, filosofiniu poþiûriais (Poderys, 2002, Haag, 2004). dabar neginèijamos kûno kultûros, sporto sampra- Kad kûno kultûra, fizinis auklëjimas ágytø savo pi- tos, priedermës suvokimo buvo ilgas prieštaravimø lietines teises, jau pradedant XIV amþiumi pirmuo- pilnas kelias. sius þingsnius þengë Italijos pedagogai, humanistai, Po ilgø amþiø, kai akys buvo nukreiptos vien tik á dvasininkai P. Verdþeris (1349–1428), G. de Verona fiziná þmogaus ugdymà, atëjo kitas metas, kai išskirti- (1374–1460), S. Pikolominis (paskui tapæs popieþiu- nai buvo rûpinamasi vien tik proto lavinimu. Knygos mi Pijumi II), anglø filosofas D. Lockas (1632–1704), buvo brukamos á rankas trejø metø kûdikiams ir prancûzø humanistas, rašytojas F. Rable (1494– buvo manoma, kad vienintelis reikalingas pasaulyje 1553), filosofas, rašytojas,
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