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Yellow Fever and Aedes Aegypti Eradication

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Yellow Fever and Aedes Aegypti Eradication Al cannuct Peort ¡ of the director / / : a. ~11 · · . * a · =. *~~~· * * * a e -e. * PUBTICATIONS OF THE PAN AMEECAN SANITARY BUREAU OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS Nos. 19-21 Annual Report of the Director, 1956 N .19 Informe Anual del Director, 1956 Nº 19 Financial Report of the Director and External Auditor's Report, 1956 N - 20 Informe Financiero del Director e Informe del Auditor Externo, 1956 N9 20 Proposed Program and Budget Estimates, 1958-59 N 20 Proyectos de Programa y Presupuesto, 1958-59 No 20 t PAN AMERICAN SANITARY ORGANIZATION Official Documents May 1957 No. 19 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE AMERICAS OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 1956 PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU Regional Office of the World Health Organization 1501 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W. Washington 6, D.C. iii ,11165 /0 To the Member States of the Pan American Sanitary Organization I have the honor to transmit herewith the Annual Report of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organiza- tion, for the year 1956. This Report covers the work of the Washington Office as well as that of the Zone Offices. It describes projects implemented in collaboration with the governments of Member States and with other international organizations. The Financial Statement for the year, is submitted separately. Respectfully yours, Fred L. Soper Director iv ANNUAL REPORT O F THE DIRE CTOR 19 56 V ANNUAL REPORT of the DIRECTOR 1956 CONTENTS* Page Part I Introductory Review ......................... 1 Part II Activities in 1956 .......................... 21 Communicable Diseases .................... 25 Public Health Administration ................ 69 Educational and Publication Activities ........ 105 Part III Zone and Field Offices ............... 133 Part IV Organizational Meetings and Transactions ...... 141 Part V Organization and Administration .......... 149 Appendix .................................. 155 Index ...................................... 161 * Full table of contents for main sections on pages 24, 68, 104, 148 vi ABBREVIATIONS AIDIS Inter-American Association of Sanitary Engineering CCTA/OAS Coordinating Committee in Technical Assistance of the Organization of American States CINVA Inter-American Housing Center CIRSA Regional International Committee for Health in Agriculture and Livestock CNEP National Commission for Eradication of Malaria COMEP Coordination Office for Malaria Eradication Program FAO Food and Agriculture Organization ICA International Cooperation Administration ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IIAA Institute of Inter-American Affairs IA-ECOSOC Inter-American Economic and Social Council ILO International Labor Organization INCAP Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama OAS Organization of American States OAS/TA Organization of American States-Technical Assistance OIRSA Regional International Organization for Health in Agriculture and Livestock PASB Pan American Sanitary Bureau PASC Pan American Sanitary Conference PASO Pan American Sanitary Organization PAU Pan American Union SCISP Inter-American Cooperative Public Health Service SNEM National Service for the Eradication of Malaria TAB Technical Assistance Board UN United Nations UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNICEF United Nations International Children's Fund UNTAA United Nations Technical Assistance Administration USPHS United States Public Health Service WHO World Health Organization vii Illustrations, Graphs, and Tables Page Page Status of the anti-malaria campaign, 31 December quitoes are tested for yellow fever virus by grinding 1956, by countries, Chart .................... 4 them up and inoculating them into the brains of Status of the anti-malaria campaign, 31 December albino mice, Photo .......................... 36 1956, by other areas, Chart ................... 5 Making 17 D yellow fever vaccine at the Carlos Finlay Institute, Bogotá, Colombia. An assistant cuts off Spraymen undergoing training: malaria eradication the tops of embrionated eggs, using a tiny campaign, Caribbean Area. Extensions to nozzles oxyacetylene flame. If absolute bacteria sterility is of sprayers guide students in distance to hold not attained the vaccine has to be discarded. The nozzle from wall, Photo ...................... 7 mask protects the eyes of the technician from the Mexican doctors engaged in malaria eradication sterilizing ultra-violet light in which the whole room campaign-inspecting egg hatching in larvae pans is bathed, Photo ............................ 36 in a corner of the insectary, Institute of Tropical Reported cases of yellow fever in the Americas, by Diseases, University of Mexico, Photo............ 8 major political divisions of each country, 1956, Inspecting equipment and procedure used in mixing Map .............. .. .................... 37 solution for anti-malaria spraying, Photo......... 8 Status of the Aedes aegypti eradication campaign in Checking bromeliads for mosquito breeding foci, the Americas by years, Chart .................. 38 Cauca Valley, Colombia, Photo ................. 9 Status of the Aedes aegypti eradication campaign in Inspector, in training to work in the nation-wide the Americas by years, Chart .................. 39 malaria and Aedes aegypti eradication campaign PASB sanitarian looks for larvae of Aedes aegypti in Colombia, completes census form during Initial mosquitoes in water jars, Photo ................ 40 Survey of malarious area, Photo ............... 9 A new type of breeding place for Aedes aegypti. Jungle yellow fever studies in Guatemala: making a Holding water the year round and insulated against capture with human bait in the canopy of a tropical extremes of heat and cold a large pile of old tires forest of mosquitoes which transmit the disease, provides almost ideal breeding conditions for the Photo ..................................... 10 mosquito, Photo ............................ 41 Monkeys and haemagogus mosquitoes-northern limit Status of the Aedes aegypti eradication campaign in of their range in Middle America, Map .......... 11 the Western Hemisphere, 31 December 1956, Map. 42 Jungle Yellow Fever in Central America-1948-1956, Distribution of yaws in the Americas, December 1956, Map ...................................... Map ................ ............ ... .. 46 Inspector takes names of rural Haitian family prior to PASB medical adviser to Yaws Eradication Service, examination for symptoms of yaws, Photo........ 17 Haiti, obtains power for his microscope light from a Streets being laid out by survey team, La Chorrera, jeep battery, Photo ......................... 47 Panam a, Photo . .. ...................... 18 Rural routes in Haiti are hard on vehicles of yaws field personnel, Photo ....................... 47 Health Unit at Chame, Panama, Photo............. 20 Reported cases of smallpox in the Americas, 1952- A proper diet leads to sound health, Phofo......... 21 1956, Table ................................ 49 A malaria eradication spray team prepares to leave PASB consultant examines a primo-vaccination in a for a day's work along the Grijalva River near rural community, Colombia, Photo ............. 50 Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico, Photo ........... 26 Mother Superior receiving first tuberculin test, PASB entomologist collects mosquito larvae in the Trinidad-Tobago, Photo .............. 52 vicinity of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico, Photo... 28 A mongoose is trapped using a bamboo tube and salt Status of the anti-malaria campaign in the Americas, fish and bad eggs as bait, Grenada, Photo ....... 54 31 December 1956, Map ..................... 30 Iron lungs being prepared for loading at Boston Mother and daughter remove valued pieces from Airport for shipment to Argentina, Photo ......... 56 home prior to spraying by a brigade member of Selected data regarding age distribution of reported malaria eradication program, Guatemala, Photo.. 31 cases of poliomyelitis in five countries in recent National Malaria Service launch in Brazil makes trip periods of high incidence, Table ................ 57 along the Amazon Region rivers to distribute table Reported cases of plague in the Americas, 1952-1956, salt treated with anti-malaria drug, Photo........ 32 Table ..................................... 58 An aegypti eradication team in Colombia takes a Reported cases of leprosy in the Americas, 1952-1956, dug-out canoe to work along the Ahuyama Canal, Table ..................................... 59 Photo ..................................... 35 Prevalence of leprosy and existing facilities for its Jungle yellow fever studies in Guatemala: transferring treatment and control in the Americas, Table ...... 60 live mosquitoes from individual vials to a jar for Application of Na PCP (sodium pentachlorophenate) shipment under refrigeration to the Gorgas by the drip method, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, Memorial Laboratory, Panama. There the mos- Photo ..................................... 62 viii Illustrations, Graphs,. and Tables Page Page Incidence of schistosomiasis in the human population in Participation in the Seminar on Preventive Medicine, Redencao, Table ............................ 63 Tehuacan, Mexico, 1956, Map .................. 106 Snails examined 1953-1955, Table ............... 63 Field training in plane surveying, part of course given Main building, Pan American Zoonosis Center, Azul, to class of sanitary inspectors, Guatemala, Photo.. 111 Argentina, Photo ..........................
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