Conversations NEWSLETTER of the WALT WHITMAN ASSOCIATION
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Conversations NEWSLETTER OF THE WALT WHITMAN ASSOCIATION WINTER 2014-15 A Stepping Stone to Whitman’s Past By Matthew L. Ifill It was just last year that a major refurbishment of the walkways just outside the Whitman House took place and we were challenged by an opportunity to address the issue of the original carriage stone’s condition. Time and the elements were taking their toll on the old stone. To ensure its preservation, we safely removed the relic for display in our future visitor center, and had an exact replica made and placed in the original’s location as it was when the poet first set eyes upon it. This stone connects visitors today with those of the past. In fact, when we see the new stone today, it’s as if we’re journeying back in time to see when the original carriage stone was placed. Let us now take a journey through the story of the stone’s history. Whitman seated in his gifted phaeton with driver Bill Duckett, A GIFT OF A HORSE 1866, Camden, NJ. Library of Congress. Walt Whitman always had a group of friends who stood up to help the poet in times of (perceived) need. In y errand to Camden was to visit the house on Mickle September of 1885, the need was for a horse and buggy street.... I don’t suppose any literary shrine on earth M in which the semi-paralyzed Whitman could gadabout. is of more humble and disregarded aspect.... On the Tom Donaldson organized a drive, enlisting thirty-two pavement in front stands a white marble stepping block subscribers to send $10 each to buy a horse and carriage with the carved initials W.W. – given to the poet I dare and pay for operations thereof. Samuel Clemens responded say, by the same friends who bought him a horse and with: “I have great veneration for the old man, and would carriage....Though neither Philadelphia nor Camden has gladly pay his turnouts board, year after year, and buy recognized [this] as one of the authentic shrines of our another when it fails.”2 John Greenleaf Whittier responded history.... You will make a great mistake if you don’t ramble kindly, and with a contribution to “the man who tenderly over to Camden some day and fleet the golden hours in an nursed the Union soldiers and as tenderly sung the dirge observant stroll.”1 of their great captain.” However, he could not help but to So recalled the writer Christopher Morley in 1918, add a personal chide: “I need not say perhaps that I have when he ventured to Camden on a quest to find the former been pained by some portions of W.W.’s writings, which abode of Walt Whitman. These were the waning days before for his own sake, and for that of his readers, I wish could its acquisition in 1921 and subsequent preservation as the be omitted.”3 Others like Oliver Wendell Holmes , Horace Walt Whitman literary shrine and memorial home. His Howard Furness, Samuel Elkins and George Boker4 joined impressions of the house still ring true today, yet also offer in this worthy effort. Some wanted to give more, but an example of how far we have come regarding the site over Donaldson refused: he wanted only ten dollars a man. the past century. It was visits by Morley and others around the centenary of Whitman’s birth that led to a rekindled effort Donaldson fondly recollected the day of the arrival of to preserve and memorialize the poet’s house. Whitman’s the carriage: marble carriage stone at the curb served as a way finding I dropped in at Mr. Whitman’s house in Camden marker to those visitors before there was any designation as in a usual manner at about four o’clock on Tuesday an historic site. The story of that carriage stone takes us on September 15, 1885. Mr. Whitman was reclining on an a fascinating journey: a journey that is a microcosm to the old lounge in the parlor. I sat by him on a chair and we story of the Whitman House itself. (Continued on next page) chatted about his health and the weather. Presently I scene, marking the modest home of the venerable poet heard the gift buggy come up to the door. It was driven and easing his difficult climb into the carriage. Whitman by Master Blaine Donaldson, a lad of nine, and a man commented several years later in his Daybook: with him. Mr. Whitman went to the window and, seeing Oct. 26 [1889] the boy and buggy, said, as I recall it, “Bless me! What Had the old tree cut down – it was dead & no sap, a nice turnout! And there’s Blaine. Well, well, how the no leaves – “Why cumbereth it the ground?” (how lad does seem to fit it! How comfortable it does look!” long before I go too?) – it stood in the front of my old I replied: “Yes; that does seem comfortable. It belongs ranch in Mickle st: must have been 40 or 50 yr’s old to you.” “Eh?” “It belongs to you;” and then I handed – Jo Jackson (color’d man, Centreville) cut it down this him a letter containing the names of the contributors and forenoon smooth’d the ground & paved the walk over an envelope with $135.40 in it, the unexpected balance. with bricks & placed the white stone carriage step (with He looked at the paper, read it, looked at me, then out WW on, a present f’m R Pearsall Smith) in better middle of the window, and finally the tears began to trickle down position - $2.50- gave Jo a good glass of sherry wine10 his cheeks. I left shortly after. I was told that for an hour before sunset that day a buggy was seen speeding at a Thus we know that the carriage stone arrived as a gift fearful rate about the edges of Camden, and driven by a from Whitman’s friend Robert Pearsall Smith. Whitman venerable man, who did not seem disposed to cease riding.5 referred to Smith as “a good fellow: hospitable, loving, level- headed too- truly my well-wisher, I do believe.”11 Smith The New York Times reported on Whitman’s gift the had accompanied Whitman to the New York, Carnegie Hall, following day. In addition to a similar account of the Lincoln Lecture that netted Whitman $600 in 1887; even afternoon’s events, the article stated: throwing the reception for the poet afterwards. …When the reporter called at 9 o’clock; the old Whitman’s connection with the family started when gentleman was… sitting in his great armchair beside daughter Mary read Leaves of Grass in college. All three the window, with the lights turned down. The floor of Smith’s children became friends and, especially the and table was still littered with books and papers, the two daughters Mary and Alys, frequent correspondents evening mail still unopened. “You don’t know how and visitors. Years later, Alys brought her husband, the many good friends I have… I have before now been philosopher Bertrand Russell, to visit Whitman’s house. made to feel in many touching ways how kind and He wrote it was the first place they visited in the area.12 thoughtful my loving friends are, but this present is so The Smiths moved to London in 1886 (although they handsome and valuable, came so opportunely, and was would frequently be back and forth to the area) leaving a 6 so thorough a surprise, that I can hardly realize it. reasonable assumption that the stone was probably placed The horse, named Frank, was stabled at 4th and Mickle. soon after the gift of the phaeton. It is also interesting to Donaldson, who worked for note that Whitman had the sidewalk redone and the stone the Pennsylvania Railroad, repositioned in the wake of the removal of a tree- sounds arranged for a ferry pass and exactly like our situation now. Bill Duckett drove Whitman Whitman eventually “sold Nettie & the Phaeton to “in the wagon every Mr. (Rev. J. Leonard) Corning for $130”, on September afternoon.”7 Whitman wrote 7, 1888.13 Horace Traubel and he discussed the sale that Donaldson October 13, evening. “W. had previously tendered them to Bucke for 1885: “Thank the Columbus what Bucke calls “an imaginary debt”, Bucke declining… Buggy Co., and their Said to me concerning it: ‘It marks a new epoch in my life: workmen, for the beautiful another stage on the downhill road.’ ‘I wouldn’t think with looking and practically your idea of death that you would think of it as a down perfect buggy furnished me. road.’ ‘Sure enough- the word was false: up road: up- up: I get out in it every day- my another stage on the uphill road: that certainly seems more only exercise – and I find it like me and I want to be like myself.’”14 Thomas C. Donaldson, 1843-1898. the easiest riding vehicle I Walt Whitman House Collection 8 ever sat in.” SAVING THE HOUSE BY MEANS OF THE STONE Frank, alas, did not stay long in good health. By mid- March of 1886, he seemed “played out.” On the 28th, In May of 1919, interest in Walt Whitman rose to new Whitman paid Edwin Stafford $152.50 for a mare named heights. The centenary of the great poet approached. “Nettie,” On April 28th, Whitman recorded that “my old These were the days when newspapers were still quite horse ‘Frank’ dead and buried.”9 The carriage served literate and covered events like this rather well.