DOCSLIB.ORG

Greco Eval IV Rep (2013) 5E Final Spain PUBLIC

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Greco Eval IV Rep (2013) 5E Final Spain PUBLIC F O U R T Adoption: 6 December 2013 Public Publication: 15 January 2014 Greco Eval IV Rep (2013) 5E H E V FOURTH EVALUATION ROUND A L Corruption prevention in respect of members of parliament, judges and prosecutors U A T I O EVALUATION REPORT N SPAIN R O Adopted by GRECO at its 62nd Plenary Meeting U (Strasbourg, 2-6 December 2013) N D 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... 3 I. INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 6 II. CONTEXT .................................................................................................................................................. 8 III. CORRUPTION PREVENTION IN RESPECT OF MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT ................................................ 10 OVERVIEW OF THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM ............................................................................................................... 10 TRANSPARENCY OF THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS ............................................................................................................. 11 REMUNERATION AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS ................................................................................................................. 12 ETHICAL PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF CONDUCT .............................................................................................................. 12 CONFLICTS OF INTEREST .......................................................................................................................................... 13 PROHIBITION OR RESTRICTION OF CERTAIN ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................... 14 Gifts ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 Incompatibilities and accessory activities .................................................................................................... 14 Financial interests, contracts with State authorities, post-employment restrictions .................................. 16 Misuse of confidential information ............................................................................................................. 16 Third party contacts ..................................................................................................................................... 16 DECLARATION OF ASSETS , INCOME , LIABILITIES AND INTERESTS ....................................................................................... 17 SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 18 ADVICE , TRAINING AND AWARENESS ......................................................................................................................... 20 IV. CORRUPTION PREVENTION IN RESPECT OF JUDGES ............................................................................... 22 OVERVIEW OF THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM .......................................................................................................................... 22 RECRUITMENT , CAREER AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE ................................................................................................... 25 CASE MANAGEMENT AND PROCEDURE ....................................................................................................................... 27 ETHICAL PRINCIPLES , RULES OF CONDUCT AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ............................................................................. 28 PROHIBITION OR RESTRICTION OF CERTAIN ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................... 29 Incompatibilities and accessory activities, post-employment restrictions................................................... 29 Recusal and routine withdrawal .................................................................................................................. 30 Gifts ............................................................................................................................................................. 30 Misuse of confidential information and third party contacts ...................................................................... 30 DECLARATION OF ASSETS , INCOME , LIABILITIES AND INTERESTS ....................................................................................... 31 SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 31 ADVICE , TRAINING AND AWARENESS ......................................................................................................................... 33 V. CORRUPTION PREVENTION IN RESPECT OF PROSECUTORS .................................................................... 34 OVERVIEW OF THE PROSECUTION SERVICE .................................................................................................................. 34 RECRUITMENT , CAREER AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE ................................................................................................... 37 CASE MANAGEMENT AND PROCEDURE ....................................................................................................................... 38 ETHICAL PRINCIPLES , RULES OF CONDUCT AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ............................................................................. 40 PROHIBITION OR RESTRICTION OF CERTAIN ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................... 40 Incompatibilities and accessory activities, post-employment restrictions................................................... 40 Recusal and routine withdrawal .................................................................................................................. 41 Gifts ............................................................................................................................................................. 41 Misuse of confidential information and third party contacts ...................................................................... 41 DECLARATION OF ASSETS , INCOME , LIABILITIES AND INTERESTS ....................................................................................... 41 SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 42 ADVICE , TRAINING AND AWARENESS ......................................................................................................................... 43 VI. RECOMMENDATIONS AND FOLLOW-UP ................................................................................................. 44 3 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. In spite of the many measures taken in recent years to introduce regulation to better fight corruption, to strengthen the resources and specialisation of law enforcement bodies dealing with economic crime and ultimately to indict offenders, there has been growing concern about corruption in Spain. The recent scandals besetting political life in the country are severely eroding the credibility of its institutions. The breadth of public disillusionment and mistrust has been further aggravated by the economic crisis. 2. Pollsters reserve the lowest levels of trust for politicians and political parties. Well aware of the lack of confidence they face, the Spanish authorities have initiated several reforms to recast trust levels, i.e. a draft transparency law is currently under debate in Parliament, there is broad access to information regarding the legislative process, a financial declaration system is in place for parliamentarians and open to public scrutiny on the websites of the respective Chambers. The present report takes account of all these positive measures and further supports the on-going reflection in the country as to how to regain institutional credibility. Additional steps are recommended to instill, maintain and promote a strong culture of ethics among parliamentarians, including through the adoption of a code of conduct and the introduction of targeted awareness measures on integrity matters. Likewise, it would also be important to heighten transparency around MPs’ contacts with third parties, to provide more detailed and up- to-date information in financial declarations, and to significantly strengthen supervision and enforcement mechanisms in Parliament. 3. The judiciary and the prosecutorial service in Spain are of high quality and, with the exception of some isolated cases, there is no substantial evidence of corruption of individual judges or prosecutors. However, concern exists about the efficient functioning of the justice system, with its overburdened courts that are thus not always in the best position to elucidate matters with real speed. Likewise there are some weaknesses in the judicial and prosecution systems which have led to reiterated criticism as to risks from political influence. More particularly, while the independence and impartiality of individual judges and prosecutors have been broadly undisputed to date, much controversy surrounds the issue of the structural independence of the governing bodies of the judiciary and the prosecutorial service – the primary
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Seven Theses on Spanish Justice to Understand the Prosecution of Judge Garzón
    Oñati Socio-Legal Series, v. 1, n. 9 (2011) – Autonomy and Heteronomy of the Judiciary in Europe ISSN: 2079-5971 Seven Theses on Spanish Justice to understand the Prosecution of Judge Garzón ∗ JOXERRAMON BENGOETXEA “Something is rotten in the state of Denmark” (Hamlet) Abstract Judges may not decide cases as they wish, they are subject to the law they are entrusted to apply, a law made by the legislator (a feature of heteronomy). But in doing so, they do not take any instruction from any other power or instance (this contributes to their independence or autonomy). Sometimes, they apply the law of the land taking into account the norms and principles of other, international, supranational, even transnational systems. In such cases of conform interpretation, again, they perform a delicate balance between autonomy (domestic legal order and domestic culture of legal interpretation) and heteronomy (external legal order and culture of interpretation). There are common shared aspects of Justice in the Member States of the EU, but, this contribution explores some, perhaps the most salient, features of Spanish Justice in this wider European context. They are not exclusive to Spain, but they way they combine and interact, and their intensity is quite uniquely Spanish. These are seven theses about Justice in Spain, which combine in unique ways as can be seen in the infamous Garzón case, discussed in detail. Key words Spanish Judiciary; Judicial statistics; Transition in Spain; Sociology of the Judiciary; Consejo General del Poder Judicial; Politicisation of Justice; Judicialisation of Politics; Spanish Constitutional Court; Spanish Supreme Court; Audiencia Nacional; Acusación Pública; Judge Garzón; Basque Political Parties; Clashes between Judicial Hierarchies ∗ Universidad del País Vasco – Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, [email protected] This research has been carried out within the framework of a research project on Fundamental Rights After 1 Lisbon (der2010-19715, juri) financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.
    [Show full text]
  • “Behind-The-Table” Conflicts in the Failed Negotiation for a Referendum for the Independence of Catalonia
    “Behind-the-Table” Conflicts in the Failed Negotiation for a Referendum for the Independence of Catalonia Oriol Valentí i Vidal*∗ Spain is facing its most profound constitutional crisis since democracy was restored in 1978. After years of escalating political conflict, the Catalan government announced it would organize an independence referendum on October 1, 2017, an outcome that the Spanish government vowed to block. This article represents, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the first scholarly examination to date from a negotiation theory perspective of the events that hindered political dialogue between both governments regarding the organization of the secession vote. It applies Robert H. Mnookin’s insights on internal conflicts to identify the apparent paradox that characterized this conflict: while it was arguably in the best interest of most Catalans and Spaniards to know the nature and extent of the political relationship that Catalonia desired with Spain, their governments were nevertheless unable to negotiate the terms and conditions of a legal, mutually agreed upon referendum to achieve this result. This article will argue that one possible explanation for this paradox lies in the “behind-the-table” *Attorney; Lecturer in Law, Barcelona School of Management (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) as of February 2018. LL.M. ‘17, Harvard Law School; B.B.A. ‘13 and LL.B. ‘11, Universitat Pompeu Fabra; Diploma in Legal Studies ‘10, University of Oxford. This article reflects my own personal views and has been written under my sole responsibility. As such, it has not been written under the instructions of any professional or academic organization in which I render my services.
    [Show full text]
  • Bocg-12-Cg-A-282 Boletín Oficial De Las Cortes Generales Sección Cortes Generales
    BOLETÍN OFICIAL DE LAS CORTES GENERALES SECCIÓN CORTES GENERALES XII LEGISLATURA Serie A: ACTIVIDADES PARLAMENTARIAS 27 de marzo de 2019 Núm. 282 Pág. 1 Composición y organización de órganos mixtos y conjuntos DISOLUCIÓN DE LA LEGISLATURA 420/000079 (CD) Relaciones de iniciativas caducadas y de iniciativas trasladadas a las Cámaras que se 561/000008 (S) constituyan en la XIII Legislatura. La Mesa de la Diputación Permanente del Congreso de los Diputados, en su reunión del día 13 de marzo de 2019, acordó, una vez producida la disolución de la Cámara, la publicación de las relaciones siguientes relativas a Comisiones Mixtas: A) Relación de iniciativas ya calificadas que se hallaban en tramitación en el momento de la disolución y que han caducado como consecuencia de ésta. B) Relación de iniciativas que se trasladan a las Cámaras que se constituyan en la XIII Legislatura. En ejecución de dicho acuerdo, se ordena la publicación. Palacio del Congreso de los Diputados, 13 de marzo de 2019.—P.D. El Letrado Mayor de las Cortes Generales, Carlos Gutiérrez Vicén. cve: BOCG-12-CG-A-282 BOLETÍN OFICIAL DE LAS CORTES GENERALES SECCIÓN CORTES GENERALES Serie A Núm. 282 27 de marzo de 2019 Pág. 2 A) RELACIÓN DE INICIATIVAS YA CALIFICADAS QUE SE HALLABAN EN TRAMITACIÓN EN EL MOMENTO DE LA DISOLUCIÓN Y QUE HAN CADUCADO COMO CONSECUENCIA DE ÉSTA 1. Subcomisiones y Ponencias. Núm. expte.: 154/000001/0000 (CD) 573/000001/0000 (S) Autor: Comisión Mixta para la Unión Europea. Objeto: Ponencia para el estudio de las consecuencias derivadas de la salida del Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte de la Unión Europea.
    [Show full text]
  • LATIN AMERICA Catalonia Not Well OE Watch Commentary: Barcelona Continues to Be a Political Tinderbox
    LATIN AMERICA Catalonia Not Well OE Watch Commentary: Barcelona continues to be a political tinderbox. The most recent disturbances were investigated by the Audiencia Nacional, a tribunal with appellate and trial competence, with jurisdiction throughout Spain. It has its own investigative capacity as well. It may be a particularly Spanish institution, established in 1977 during the transition after Franco’s death in 1975. It is intended to consider terrorism, drug-trafficking and other major organized criminal activities of that reach, including rebellion, while hopefully avoiding prosecutorial excesses. As the first accompanying passage notes, its report of the disturbances in Catalonia finds what some Spanish take as a flash of the obvious -- that they were the creature of a radical political organization, not just a public reaction. Understanding the order of battle of radical leftist opposition organization in Spain is a difficult task, however, given the overlap of mainstream and locally governing parties and social organizations and competing goals among those entities. The second accompanying reference is of a completely separate yet completely related issue – Spain’s central government, led by socialist Pedro Sánchez is acting to control an effort by the Catalonian government to create an independent database of Catalonian citizens for purposes of citizen identification and control. The intention is to further Catalonian independence, the contraption even being called the Catalonian Digital Republic. The Spanish government in Madrid is not having it. The tiff, however, is a clear example of the overlap of physical territoriality and cyber-struggle. The third reference evidences another, background problem in the application of violent forms of struggle.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidentiary Challenges in Universal Jurisdiction Cases
    Evidentiary challenges in universal jurisdiction cases Universal Jurisdiction Annual Review 2019 #UJAR 1 Photo credit: UN Photo/Yutaka Nagata This publication benefted from the generous support of the Taiwan Foundation for Democracy, the Oak Foundation and the City of Geneva. TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 METHODOLOGY AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 7 FOREWORD 8 BUILDING ON SHIFTING SANDS: EVIDENTIARY CHALLENGES IN UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION CASES 11 KEY FINDINGS 12 CASES OF 2018 Argentina 13 VICTIMS DEMAND THE TRUTH ABOUT THE FRANCO DICTATORSHIP 15 ARGENTINIAN PROSECUTORS CONSIDER CHARGES AGAINST CROWN PRINCE Austria 16 SUPREME COURT OVERTURNS JUDGMENT FOR WAR CRIMES IN SYRIA 17 INVESTIGATION OPENS AGAINST OFFICIALS FROM THE AL-ASSAD REGIME Belgium 18 FIVE RWANDANS TO STAND TRIAL FOR GENOCIDE 19 AUTHORITIES ISSUE THEIR FIRST INDICTMENT ON THE 1989 LIBERIAN WAR Finland 20 WAR CRIMES TRIAL RAISES TECHNICAL CHALLENGES 22 FORMER IRAQI SOLDIER SENTENCED FOR WAR CRIMES France ONGOING INVESTIGATIONS ON SYRIA 23 THREE INTERNATIONAL ARREST WARRANTS TARGET HIGH-RANKING AL-ASSAD REGIME OFFICIALS 24 SYRIAN ARMY BOMBARDMENT TARGETING JOURNALISTS IN HOMS 25 STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION BASED ON INSIDER PHOTOS 26 FIRST IN FRANCE: COMPANY INDICTED FOR CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY 28 FRANCE REVOKES REFUGEE STATUS OF MASS MASSACRE SUSPECT 29 SAUDI CROWN PRINCE UNDER INVESTIGATION 30 INVESTIGATION OPENS ON BENGAZHY SIEGE 3 31 A EUROPEAN COLLABORATION: SWISS NGO SEEKS A WARLORD’S PROSECUTION IN FRANCE 32 IS SELLING SPYING DEVICE TO AL-ASSAD’S REGIME COMPLICITY IN TORTURE? RWANDAN TRIALS IN
    [Show full text]
  • Criminal Division (Sala De Lo Penal) Second Section
    ***UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION*** NATIONAL COURT (AUDIENCIA NACIONAL) CRIMINAL DIVISION (SALA DE LO PENAL) SECOND SECTION N.I.G.: 28079 27 2 2009 0002067 CASE NUMBER: APPEAL OF RULING 66/2010 ORIGINAL PROCEEDING: PRELIMINARY PROCEEDINGS ABBREVIATED 150/2009 ORIGINAL ORGAN: CENTRAL COURT INSTRUCTION NO. 5 RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS JUDICIAL CLERK GUILLERMO FERNANDEZ REGUERA In Madrid, on the sixteenth of May of two thousand and eleven. I am issuing this in order to put on record that, on this day, this Section received copies of the ruling and dissenting opinion of April 6, 2011, issued by the Plenary of the Criminal Division. It is hereby added to the case file, the parties are notified and the testimony is sent to the Court. I so attest. ***UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION*** NATIONAL COURT CRIMINAL DIVISION PLENARY SESSION Preliminary proceedings number 150/09 of the Central Preliminary Proceedings Court number 5. Appeals proceeding of the Second Section no. 66/2010 ORDER Honorable Mr. Presiding Magistrate: Javier Gomez Bermudez. Honorable Magistrates: F. Alfonso Guevara Marcos. Fernando Garcia Nicolas. Angela Murillo Bordillo. Guillermo Ruiz Polanco. Angel Hurtado Adrian. Teresa Palacios Criado. Manuel Fernandez Prado. Paloma Gonzalez Pastor. Angeles Barreiro Avellaneda. Javier Martinez Lazaro. Julio de Diego Lopez. Juan Francisco Martel Rivero. Ramon Saez Valcarcel. Clara Bayarri Garcia. Enrique Lopez Lopez. 1 ***UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION*** Madrid, April 6, 2011 BACKGROUND 1. The Public Prosecutor’s office filed an appeal against the ruling of October 29, 2009 which admitted for processing the complaint filed by Lachen Ikassrien in the preliminary proceedings of Central Court number 5 summarized above. 2. Said appeal was sent to the Second Section of this Division which, in a resolution dated June 7, 2010, agreed to send it on to the president of the Division to see if he considered it necessary to refer it to the plenary according to article 197 of the LOPJ (Organic Law of the Judicial Branch).
    [Show full text]
  • Making the State Do Justice Transnational Prosecutions and International Support for Criminal Investigations in Post Armed Confl
    University of California, Hastings College of the Law UC Hastings Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship 2008 Making the State Do Justice Transnational Prosecutions and International Support for Criminal Investigations in Post Armed Conflict Guatemala Naomi Roht-Arriaza UC Hastings College of the Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship Recommended Citation Naomi Roht-Arriaza, Making the State Do Justice Transnational Prosecutions and International Support for Criminal Investigations in Post Armed Conflict Guatemala, 9 Chicago Journal of International Law 79 (2008). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship/1173 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Making the State Do Justice: Transnational Prosecutions and International Support for Criminal Investigations in Post-Armed Conflict Guatemala Naomi Roht-Arriaza* In November 2006, a local trial court in Guatemala's capital ordered the arrest of the country's ex-President, Oscar Mejia Victores, along with ex- Defense Minister Anibal Guevara, ex-Police Chief Germin Chupina, and ex- head of the Secret Police Pedro Arredondo on charges of genocide, torture, enforced disappearances, arbitrary detention, and terrorism.' The defendants, along with two others whose arrest warrants were not executed, were deeply implicated in the conceptualization and execution of a repressive state strategy that resulted in the deaths of two hundred thousand Guatemalans and the destruction of over four hundred villages. Although the arrest order was carried out through a Guatemalan court, it was issued by a Spanish judge,2 Santiago Pedraz.
    [Show full text]
  • A Three-Sided Mirror. the Basque Case. How Contemporary Literature Reflects Identity, Conflict and Memory in the ‘Spanish’ Basque Country: a Tridimensional Mirror
    Oñati Socio-legal Series, v. 7, n. 6 (2017) – Investigations – Investigaciones – Ikerlanak ISSN: 2079-5971 Literature, Society and Law: a Three-sided Mirror. The Basque Case. How Contemporary Literature Reflects Identity, Conflict And Memory In The ‘Spanish’ Basque Country: A Tridimensional Mirror LORENA ORTUOSTE IBARZABAL∗ Ortuoste Ibarzabal, L., 2015. Literature, Society and Law: a Three-sided Mirror. The Basque Case. How Contemporary Literature Reflects Identity, Conflict And Memory In The Spanish Basque Country: A Tridimensional Mirror. Oñati Socio-legal Series [online], 7 (6), 1308-1342. Available from: http://ssrn.com/abstract=3041222 Abstract The aim in this thesis is to show how the Basque-culture identity struggles are reflected within the Basque literature and how their actions, behaviour, traditions, culture, memory, language, etcetera, define them as a community or minority. In order to show the reflection of the law in five chosen novels written in Basque, firstly I will try to explain the link between law and literature, and afterwards, a double analytical construction will take place: on the first hand, a descriptive and historical explanation to provide the audience with the meaning of the three basic concepts which constitute the Basque culture -identity, conflict and memory-, and with a socio-historical context; on the second hand, this analysis will be based on the content analysis of the five novels that have been chosen, and contextualized or in relation to the period that goes from the Civil War (1936-1939) to the post- war and nowadays, with special insistences in the decade of the 1980s and 1990s. Key words Basque Country-Spain; collective identity; collective memory; conflict; living law; positive law; Basque; Euskara; literature; ETA; Twist; tradition; transition Resumen El objetivo de esta tesis es mostrar cómo los conflictos identitarios de la cultura vasca se reflejan en la literatura, y cómo sus acciones, comportamiento, tradiciones, cultura, memoria, lengua, etc., lo definen como comunidad o minoría.
    [Show full text]
  • ETA and State Action: the Development of Spanish Antiterrorism
    ETA and state action: The development of Spanish antiterrorism *** Cite this article: Ubasart-González, G. ETA and state action: the development of Spanish antiterrorism. Crime Law Soc Change 72, 569–586 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611- 019-09845-6. *** ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT VERSION. The final publication is available at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10611-019-09845-6 Abstract On 20 October 2011 ETA announced the ‘definitive cessation of its armed activity’, which had been increasing since shortly after its inception in 1959. On 8 April 2017 it disarmed by handing over its weapons to intermediaries from civil society. On 2 May 2018 ETA announced its dissolution. This was the end of the last ongoing armed conflict in Europe from the wave of political violence – linked to national and class disputes – that swept over the continent starting in the 1960s. This article analyses the development of Spanish antiterrorism in relation to the Basque conflict, observing how a free and democratic Spanish state has responded to the challenge of an armed insurgency that has continued to the present. While the history of the organisation is well known, less so is the development of the reaction to deal with it. ETA’s progression cannot be understood in isolation, but rather needs to be placed into the context of the measures taken by the state, which influenced, shaped, and was shaped by it throughout the course of the conflict. Keywords: ETA, terrorism, antiterrorism, the culture of emergency, the Basque Country, peace process Introduction On 20 October 2011 Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) announced the ‘definitive cessation of its armed activity’, which had been increasing since shortly after its inception.
    [Show full text]
  • Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
    ___________________________________________________________________ Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Application against Spain by Carles Puigdemont, President-Elect of Catalonia Lodged 1 March 2018 __________________________________________________________________ PUIGDEMONT -v- SPAIN SUMMARY: In this application Mr. Carles PUIGDEMONT alleges that Spain is guilty of violating its international treaty obligations through the cumulative imposition of disproportionate and unjustified restrictions with the exercise of his political rights under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (“UDHR”), and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (“ICCPR”). Spain is a State Party to both treaties. It is also a signatory, without relevant reservations, to the Optional Protocol to the ICCPR, which provides for the right of individual petition. Spain has not notified any relevant derogation to the provisions of the ICCPR which thus remain fully in force. It is legally bound by treaty obligation to secure the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the ICCPR, throughout the territory of Spain, and to all those who fall within its jurisdiction. Mr. PUIGDEMONT brings this individual petition to the United Nations Human Rights Committee in order to vindicate his right to stand for elections (article 25, ICCPR); his right to freedom of association with other secessionist politicians and political parties in pursuit of a common goal of securing independence from Spain for Catalonia (article 22, ICCPR); and his right to freedom of peaceful political expression in support of the cause of independence for Catalonia (article 19, ICCPR). He invites the Committee to hold that these rights have been violated by cumulative and continuing conduct of the Kingdom of Spain.
    [Show full text]
  • Spain Case Study 2
    https://arisa-project.eu/ THE “PROCESS” Spain CONTENTS Section One Key facts of the case Section Two Applicable law This document was funded by the European Union’s Justice Section Three Programme (2014-2020) Criminal proceedings The content of this document represents the views of the authors only and is their sole Section Four responsibility. The European Commission does not accept any Disclosure of information responsibility for use that may be made of the information it Section Five contains. Media coverage Section Six Impact on the suspect or accused person and on the general public opened a case for sedition against Jordi Sanchez Key facts of the and Jordi Cuixart. On 16 September, both were arrested for these events and were remanded in case custody. From the moment the facts were made public, On 6 and 7 September 2017, the Parliament of the case received significant media attention, Catalonia approved by majority two autonomous which increased even further during the trial. laws that empowered the Government of The strategy of the defence was based on Catalonia to call a referendum on the alleging that the sexual relations had been independence of the region and, in the case of a consensual, contrasting the victim's testimony Yes victory, to effectuate independence. On 7 with, among other means, an expert report September, the Catalan Government of the resulting from monitoring of the victim in the Generalitat signed the decree calling for the months following the complaint and analysis of referendum on 1 October. However, a few hours her activity on social networks.
    [Show full text]
  • Basque Political Systems
    11m_..... ·· _~ ~ - -= ,_.... ff) • ' I I -' - i ~ t I V Center for Basque Studies - University of Nevada, Reno BASQUE POLITICS SERIES Center for Basque Studies Basque Politics Series, No. 2 Basque Political Systems Edited by Pedro Ibarra Güell and Xabier Irujo Ametzaga Translated by Cameron J. Watson Center for Basque Studies University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada This book was published with generous financial support from the Basque government. Center for Basque Studies Basque Politics Series, No. 2 Series Editor: Xabier Irujo Ametzaga Center for Basque Studies University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada 89557 http://basque.unr.edu Copyright © 2011 by the Center for Basque Studies All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Cover and Series design © 2011 Jose Luis Agote. Cover Illustration: Juan Azpeitia Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Basque political systems / edited by Pedro Ibarra G?ell, and Xabier Irujo Ametzaga ; translated by Cameron J. Watson. p. cm. -- (Basque politics series ; No. 2) Includes index. Summary: “Collection of articles on the Basque political system within its own context and larger national and global contexts”--Provided by publisher. ISBN 978-1-935709-03-9 (pbk.) 1. País Vasco (Spain)--Politics and government. I. Ibarra Güell, Pedro. II. Irujo Ame- tzaga, Xabier. JN8399.P342B37 2011 320.446’6--dc22 2011001811 CONTENTS Introduction .......................................................................... 7 PEDRO IBARRA GÜELL and XABIER IRUJO AMETZAGA 1. Hegoalde and the Post-Franco Spanish State ................................... 13 XABIER IRUJO AMETZAGA 2. Political Institutions in Hegoalde................................................ 33 MIKEL IRUJO AMETZAGA 3. Political Institutions and Mobilization in Iparralde ............................. 53 IGOR AHEDO GURRUTXAGA 4. Fiscal Pacts in Hegoalde ........................................................
    [Show full text]