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Com Comerurántos Sobre As Relaçoes Frloceruéttcas DA Famíun Semtonorldae UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS REVrsÂo DAS ESPÉcles Do cÊruERo Lepidotes AGASSIZ, 18,32 (ACTINOPTERYGII, sEMroNoflpoRMEs) Do MESOZOTCO DO BRASIL, coM coMErurÁntos soBRE As RELAçoes FrLoceruÉTtcAS DA FAMíun sEMtoNorlDAE Valéria Gallo-da-Silva Orientador: Prof. Dr. Oscar Rösler Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. Rubens da Silva Santos (1" momotbm) TESE DE DOUTORAMENTO Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia Sedimentar VOLUME l: Texto SAO PAULO 1998 REVTSÃO DAS ESPÉC|ES DO CÊ¡¡enO Lepidotes AGASS|Z, 1832 (ACT!NOpTERycil, SEMTONOTTFORMES) DO MESOZÓ|CO DO BRASIL, coM coMENTÁnlos soBRE AS RELAçÖES F¡LOGENÉr¡CnS DA FAMíun seutoNonDAE TESE DE DOUTORAMENTO Universidade de São Paulo Volume 1 - Texto DEDALUS-Acervo-lGC ffiil ilil llill ill lil[ llil lilil |ilil ffi rilfl ffil ilil ffi 30900004993 Valéria Gallo-da-Silva 1 998 UNIVERSIDADE DE SA O PAULO t NsTtruro DE GlocrÉrucms REVISAO DAS ESPÉCIES DO CÊtrlERO Lepidotes AGASS|Z, 1832 (ACT|NOPTERYGil, SEMIoNoTIFORMES) DO MESOZÓ|CO DO BRASIL, COM COMENTÁR|OS SOBRE AS RELAçÕES FILOGENÉTICNS DA FAMíIN SEMIONOTIDAE vntÉnn GALL>-DA-SILVA Orientador: Prof. Dr. Oscar Rösler TESE DE DOUTORAMENTO coMtssÃo .lul_cADoRA I Nome Assinatura Presidente: prof. Dr. Oscar Rösler Examinadores: prof. Dr. Heralclo Antonio Britski prof. paulo Dr. Marques Machado Brito prof. Dr. Setembrino petri prof. Dr. Thomas Rich Fairchild SAO PAULO 1 998 "É destino do cientista enfrentar constantes solicitaçôes para mostrar que seu saber tem alguma 'valia'. Contudo, pode não ser de nenhum interesse, para ele, que essa 'valia' exista; ele pode achar que o deleite de saber, de compreender, de sondar o Universo constitua a sua inteira recompensa. Nesse cäso o cientista pode até dar-se ao prazer de desacatar quem quer que seja que peça mais do que isso." ISAACASIMOV SUMARIO AGRADECIMENTOS RESUMO ABSTRACT RÉSUMÉ FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA 3. $istemática Paleontológica 4. Lepidotes piauhyensis Roxo & Löfgren, 1936................ 4. 1 Dìagnose Revista........... 4.2 Generalidades ................. .....17 5.5 Contexto Geológico e Paleoambiental .......54 åepidofesmawsoniWoodward, 1888... ... .... ..69 8.1 Ðiagnose Revista........... ...............69 8.2 Generalidades ............. H istologia 1 0.5 Contexto Geológico e Paleoambiental .. "............. 11.I-epidofes iguatuensis(nomen nudum) Vogel, 1976.... .................8s 1 1.1 Diagnose Revista............ .........85 1 1.2 Generalidades ........... ........86 ConsideraçÕes Taxonômicas ... ... " 12.4 Lepidotes cf - oliveirai Silva Santos, 1969...... ......... ... 107 Morfologia...... ......113 Histologia....... ....,.114 13.4 Características Taxonômicas................. ............115 13.5 Contexto Geológico e Paleoambiental .................. ................... 116 14. Distribuiçåo do Gênero Lepidotes e ConsideraçÕes Paleob¡ogegráficas .............112 15. Considerações sobre as Escamas dos Semionotidae........._...... ..................123 16. Estudo Morfométrico Comparativo das Escamas lsoladas das Espécies de Lepidotes do Mesozóico do 8rasi1......... .. ....,................128 17. Estudo Histológico Comparativo das Escamas de Semionotidae do Mesozóico do Brasil .............. ... .... .. ....130 18. Análise Comparativa da Superfície da Ganoína das Escamas dos Semionotidae Brasileiros Tabela 2: Medidas das Escamas de Leprdofes mawsonl (em mm) ..... 1S3 APENDTCE 4..................... ..................... 195 ïabela 3: Medidas das Escamas de Leprdofes oliveirai (em mm) ..... .. .. .. ........... 195 Tabela 4: Medidas das Escamas de Leprdofes rfxsepfiensls (em mm)...................195 ïabela 5: Medidas das Escamas de "leprdofes iguatuensis" (em mm)...................'l95 È ¡¡q¡-È-¡lLrl\rË,^DÊltrìrnE p.............,.,..... ........,,..,.,.....19ö ,,2,, Tabela 6: Medidas dos Dentes de Lepidotes sp. (em mm) ................................196 APÊNDICE 6..................... ........ ........ ..1s7 Tabela 1: Tabela de Análise de Variância para o comprimento e a largura das escamas da regiäo mediana em quatro espécies de Leprdofes.............................. 1gZ Tabela ?. comparaçäo a posferlorl entre as médias das espécies de Lepldofes pelo teste HSD de Tukey........ ......."...........1g: APÊNDICE 7 ............... ... .. .... ............1e8 Tabela 1: Análise dos tubérculos na superfície externa da ganoína....................... 19g Tabela 2: Dados apresentados por Meunier & Gayet (1992) e Gayet & Meunier (1993) para microtubérculos de alguns Semionotidae ....................198 ApÊNDrcE 8..................... .. .. ...... .... 1s9 Artigo publicado nos Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. ...........................199 ApÊNDtcE 9 ..................... ....................2r,7 Matriz de Caracteres .........................2l7 APÊNDTCE 10.......,........... ....... .........208 Descricåo das Arvores ........................20g APÊND|CE 11............. ... ....................250 Quadro 1. Posicionamento Esiratigráfico do Gênero Lepidotes no Jurássico superior das Bacias Sedimentares Brasileiras .......... ....................................2S0 Quadro 2. Posicionamento Estratigráfico do Gênero Lepidotes no cretáceo lnferior das Bacias Sedimentares Brâsileiras .......................251 Quadro 3. Posicionamento Estraiigráfieo do Gênero Lepidotes no cretáceo superior das Bacias Sedimentares Brasileiras ................. .......................252 AGRADECIMENTOS Os resultados do estudo aqui apresentado como Tese de Doutoramento no Curso de Pós-graduação em Geologia Sedimentar, do Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia do lnstituto de Geociências da Universidade de Såo Paulo foram frutos de um longo trabalho, cuja realização só foi possível através da colaboração de vårias instituições, pesquisadores, técnicos e amigos. O trabalho em apreço teve a orientaçâo do Prof. Dr. Oscar Rösler, Professor Titular do lnstituto de Geociências da Universidade de São Paulo, a quem dedico meus mais sinceros agradecimentos; e a co-orientação do Prof. Dr. Rubens da Silva Santos (r'7r memoriam), paleoictiólogo da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, meu grande mestre e amigo, para quem as palavrâs existentes em todas as línguas, que traduzissem gratidão e reconhecimento, seriam insuficientes. Ao CNPq devo a concessâo de uma bolsa, no período de março de 'lgg4 a agosto de 1995. Da mesma forma, agradeço à CAPES, através do convênio PICDT/CAPESiUERJ, o apoio através de uma bolsa parcial de doutorado, no período de setembro de 1995 a abril de 1997, e uma bolsa integral, no período de maio de 1997 a fevereiro de 1998. Fico muito grata às instituiçÕes que permitiram acesso às eoleçoes paleoictiológicas, bem como aos pesquisadores a elas vinculados, que de várias maneiras auxiliaram na elaboração desta Tese: " Departamento Nlacional da Produçáo Mineral: Déa Regina Bouret Campos, Diógenes de Almeida Campos, Marise Sardenberg Salgado de Carvalho e Rita de Cássia Tardin Cassab. * Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia do Museu Nacionali U FRJ: Albe¡to Barbosa de Carvalho, Alexander W.A. Kellner, Benedicto Humberto Rodrigues Francisco, Diana Mussa, Loiva Lízia Antonello, Luciana Barbosa de Carvalho, Sergio Alex Kugland de Azevedo e Victor de Carvalho Klein, e aos demais colegas deste Depa rtamento. " Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: Andreia Francisco Afonso, Bartira C. M. da Costa-Carvalho, Francisco José ele Figueiredo e Paulo Marques Machado Brito, e a todos os colegas do Laboratório de Elasmobrânquios. * Departamento de Biologia Geral da Universidade Santa úrsula: José V. Andreata e Mauro José Cavalcanti. " Laboratório de Microscopia Ëletrônica do lnstituto de Geociências da Universidade de Säo Paulo (Proc. FAPESP 1995/56354). " Laboratório de Paleontologia do Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da Pontifícia universidade católica do Rio Grande do sul: Ângelo Maffissoni e Martha Richter. * Universidade de Nova lguaçu: Hélcio Magalhães Barros. " American Museum of Natural History: lvy Rutzky e John Maisey. * Carnegie Museum of Natural History: Mary R. Dawson. n Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle: Philippe Taquet, Sylvie Wenz e François Meunier. * Natural History Museum: Alison Longbottom. " Aos coordenadores do Projeto Dinossauros do Brasil, Antônio Jorge vaseoneellos Garcia e sergio ,{lex Kugland de Azeveds, agradeço a possibilidade de ter realizado vários kabalhos de campo nas bacias sedimentares do nordeste. * Ao colega Alberto Correa de Vasconcellos, doutorando do Museu Nacional/uFRJ, sou grata pelas suas prec¡osas sugestões especialmente no que dia respeito ao texto sobre a filogenia do grupo em estudo. Cabem, ainda, agradecimentos a algumas pessoas que realizaram trabalhos técnicos da mais alta qualidade: Denis serrette (fotógrafo do Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle); Luiz Antônio Alves costa (desenhista e pesquisador do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ); Tarcísio Raymundo de Abreu (laminador da seção de Laminação do lnstituto de Geociôncias/u FRJ); Alan Alves dos santos (laminador da seção de Laminaçåo da Faculdade de Geologia da universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro); e lsaac Jamil sayeg (responsável pela utilizaçäo do MEV do lnstituto de Geociências/USP). Por fim, agradeço o apoio incansável, näo apenas do pesquisador e professor, mas do grande companheiro Sergio Alex. RESUMO Neste trabalho, efetuamos uma revisão morfológica e s¡stemática das espécies do gênero Lepidotes Agassiz, 1832 do Mesozóico brasileiro, comparando-as com outras espécies de Leprdofes e outros Semionotidae de diversas localidades estrangeiras.
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