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Background Paper Access to Services and Facilities in the Rural Areas CONTENTS Local Plan 2016-2036 Issues & Options Consultation Winter 2017 Background Paper Access to Services and Facilities in the Rural Areas CONTENTS 1. Context 1 Purpose of the background paper 1 Background 1 Current spatial strategy 2 Primary school capacity 3 2. Audit of rural services and facilities 4 Policy context 4 Definition of a rural settlement 4 Rural settlement profile by population 4 Settlements to be audited 5 Services and facilities to be audited 5 Results of the facilities audit 7 Current primary school capacity 9 Public transport provision 9 Summary and next stage 10 Map 1: Services and facilities in rural settlements and public 12 transport provision Annex 1: Summary results of the rural facilities audit 13 1. Context Purpose of the background paper 1.1 This Background Paper updates and builds on the Bath & North East Somerset Rural Facilities Audit (2015)1. The findings have helped inform the options proposed in the Issues & Options document (Winter 2017). Investigations are ongoing and iterative and further work will need to be undertaken in collaboration with Town and Parish Councils. This audit therefore represents the current evidence base. Background 1.2 Bath & North East Somerset (B&NES) is preparing a new Local Plan 2016 - 2036 that will guide development up to 2036. The preparation of this Local Plan will be the mechanism by which the Core Strategy and Placemaking Plan will be formally combined and updated into one Development Plan Document. This is being prepared within the context of the emerging West of England Joint Spatial Plan which will provide the strategic context for the new Local Plan, setting the level of housing to be provided in B&NES during the Plan period and the broad spatial strategy. 1.3 The dwelling figure for B&NES in the Publication Joint Spatial Plan (November 2017) is 14,500 of which a substantial portion has already been committed through the Core Strategy as indicated below. 1 Bath & North East Somerset Rural Facilities Audit (2015) Access to Services & Facilities in the Rural Areas Background Paper - November 2017 1 1.4 The majority of housing provision not currently committed through the Core Strategy will be accommodated at Whitchurch and North Keynsham Strategic Development Locations (SDLs) and through Urban Intensification in Bath. The new Local Pan will have a key role in establishing how and where the ‘non-strategic growth’ of around 700 dwellings will be delivered. 1.5 The rural settlements are likely to continue to be expected to accommodate some of the ’non-strategic growth’ dependant on a number of factors including access to local schools, services, facilities and employment, environmental and other impacts of new development, Green Belt policy and the capacity of a settlement to accommodate more development. 1.6 The new Local Plan provides a timely opportunity to review the current approach to providing residential development outside the main urban areas and the SDLs by considering options for how and where future growth necessary to sustain rural communities can be accommodated and meet housing needs up to 2036. 1.7 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) identifies a range of significant considerations in establishing a ‘spatial strategy’ as summarised below: General: Accessibility of local services reflecting a community’s day to day needs (in particular health, social and cultural well-being). Managing patterns of growth to make fullest possible use of public transport, walking and cycling. Focus significant development in locations which are or can be made sustainable. Balancing land uses to encourage minimisation of journey lengths for employment, shopping, leisure, education and other activities. Establishing a network of town centres resilient to future economic change. In rural areas: Local services and community facilities in villages (including local shops, meeting places, sports venues, cultural buildings, public houses and places of worship). Planning for housing development to meet local needs and locating it where it will enhance or maintain vitality of rural communities. Current spatial strategy 1.8 The spatial strategy in the adopted Core Strategy, which runs up to 2029, is to locate new development in the most sustainable locations. Its priority is to Access to Services & Facilities in the Rural Areas Background Paper - November 2017 2 steer growth primarily to urban areas of Bath, Keynsham and the larger settlements in the Somer Valley (namely Midsomer Norton, Radstock, Westfield, Peasedown St John and Paulton), with development in rural areas to be primarily located at settlements with a good range of local facilities and with good access to public transport. All these settlements have a Housing Development Boundary (HDB) within which residential development would be acceptable in principle. For Bath, instead of a defined HDB, the urban area is defined by the inner Green Belt boundary. 1.9 In the Rural Areas Core Strategy Policies RA1 and RA2 allow residential development in principle within the HDB in villages not washed over by the Green Belt. The strategy for the rural areas is to enable housing development of around 50 dwellings in villages that meet the Policy RA1 criteria. For those villages which do not meet the Policy RA1 requirements, Policy RA2 applies and limited residential development of around 10-15 dwellings is considered acceptable in principle in those villages. This level of development at RA1 and RA2 villages is in addition to small windfall sites within the housing development boundary and will enable delivery of the 1,120 dwellings for the Rural Areas during the Plan period (up to 2029). Primary school capacity 1.10 One of the more critical amongst the issues the settlement strategy review needs to address is primary school capacity in rural areas. One of the requirements under Policy RA1 (and Policy LCR3A, primary school capacity) is that the village has a primary school with sufficient capacity or ability to expand. 1.11 However, it is becoming increasingly evident that there is no projected spare capacity at some village schools to provide the further school places needed to cater for children that would arise from future development proposals at the settlement or scope for expansion within the current school site to provide the necessary school places. With this level of uncertainty there needs to be some re-consideration as to whether further residential development should be directed to such settlements. Access to Services & Facilities in the Rural Areas Background Paper - November 2017 3 2. Audit of rural services and facilities Policy context 2.1 The NPPF (see para 1.7 above) and Core Strategy Policy DW1 (setting out the current district-wide spatial strategy), which requires that development in rural areas is located at settlements with a good range of local facilities and with good access to public transport, provide the rationale for assessing the level of and access to rural services and facilities in all settlements outside Bath, Keynsham and the Somer Valley. Definition of a rural settlement 2.2 The Office for National Statistics (ONS) and Defra define all settlements with a resident population of less than 10,000 as rural2. It further sub-divides the rural settlements into three groups, which are: rural town and fringe areas; villages; and hamlets and isolated dwellings. Outside the urban areas the rural settlements can be broadly divided into four distinct groups by population3. Therefore in terms of B&NES, all settlements outside Bath, Keynsham and Midsomer Norton, Radstock and Westfield can be classified as ‘rural’ using this definition. The following section explores this further. Rural settlement profile by population 2.3 Peasedown St John, Paulton and Saltford are by far the largest rural settlements with parish populations in excess of 4,000 people. Parishes with a population between 1,000 and 2,700 people: Batheaston Chew Magna Pensford Bathford Clutton Temple Cloud Bathampton Farmborough Timsbury Bishop Sutton High Littleton with Hallatrow Whitchurch Parishes with populations of fewer than 1,000 people: Camerton Freshford South Stoke Chew Stoke Hinton Blewett Shoscombe Claverton Hinton Charterhouse Stanton Drew Combe Hay Kelston Swainswick Compton Martin Marksbury Tunley Corston Monkton Combe Ubley East Harptree Newton St Loe Wellow 2 https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/rural-urban-classification 3 2011 Census data (population by Parish) https://www.ons.gov.uk/census/2011census Access to Services & Facilities in the Rural Areas Background Paper - November 2017 4 Englishcombe Priston West Harptree Farrington Gurney Hamlets with populations of fewer than 100 people: Burnett Compton Dando Publow Cameley Hunstrete Queen Charlton Charlcombe Nempnett Thrubwell St Catherine Chelwood North Stoke Stanton Prior Chewton Keynsham Norton Marleward Stowey Settlements to be audited 2.4 The audit of services and facilities has only been undertaken for each settlement with a Housing Development Boundary (HDB) including those washed over by the Green Belt. 2.5 The Placemaking Plan examining Inspector recently endorsed the Council’s approach to defining HDBs in her Report4: They are defined not only having regard to delivering housing but also the need to protect the character of settlements, avoid development in areas that would cause harm and maintain other uses (e.g. employment uses, recreational facilities etc.) that are important for the vitality, viability and sustainability of settlements. Overall, the strategy for determining HDBs is sound. 2.6 Outside settlements with a HDB the approach is generally one of restraint in line with Government guidance and any development needs would be met primarily through the conversion of existing rural buildings and rural diversification. This includes those hamlets with a population of fewer than 100 people. The promotion of development in these locations would be contrary to the aims of sustainable development, and increase the need to travel for nearly all purposes. In some cases it would adversely affect the character and setting of the settlement.
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