Unit 2 Early

Early Music

Unit #2: Origins and Overview

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Prehistoric Music

• Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments

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Roles

• Celebrate life’s events • Religious rituals • Help chronicle the history of the

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Who participated?

• All members of

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Characteristics

• 3 elements Timbre melody • no harmony

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Instruments

• Drums • Cymbals • • Hunting bow • • Dulcimer • Zither

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Early Music Instrument Families

• Brass or woodwind instruments where is made by blowing air • Membranophones Drums where sound is made by vibrating membranes • Idiophones Percussion instruments that are struck or scraped. Sound is made by tapping or hitting the object • Chordophones String instruments played by hand or with a bow

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Music of the Hebrews

• Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments

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Roles

• Religious • Historical • Secular

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Who participated?

• All members of society

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Characteristics

• Unison melody or • Call & response (responsorial ) • Doctrine of the Affections Music could affect one’s emotions Music could comfort and heal

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Instruments

• Shofar • Psaltry

• Cymbals

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Music of the Greeks

• Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments

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Roles

• Music was important to the development of all people • Part of everyone’s education

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Who participated?

• All members of society

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Characteristics

• Doctrine of the Ethos Music could affect one’s character

Music could make you a good person or a bad person

• Lyrical Poetry Music added to plays to help tell the story

Similar to modern day musicals

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Instruments

• Kithara • double used to accompany lyric passages

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Pythagoras

• Mathematician, scholar, • Experimented on stringed instruments • Discovered the intervals of the 4th, 5th, and octave • Developed the scale which is the basis for Western music • Developed Pythagorean tuning which is still used today.

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Assignment #1

Define American Music using: • Roles • Who participates? • Characteristics • Instruments

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American Music

• Roles • Religious rituals • Celebrate life’s events • Entertainment • Part of everyone’s education • Background (elevators, department stores) • Express societal views

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American Music

• Who participates? • All members of society • Characteristics • Very diverse • numerous textures, styles, forms • Pythagorean tuning used • Computer manipulation becoming increasingly popular • Instruments • Brass, woodwind, percussion, strings, electronic

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Music of the Romans

• Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments

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Roles

• Entertainment Concerts held in large outdoor amphitheaters The best competed against each other “American Idol” or “The Voice” or "America's Got Talent" • Military To move the troops To mask the number of troops To send orders to the troops • Work When work needed to be done in unison Rowing, pulling, lifting

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Who participated?

• Relatively few members of society

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Characteristics

• Music lost the importance that it held in Greek and Hebrew

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Instruments

• Brass • Percussion

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Music of the Other Cultures

• Rhythmic complexity

• Music linked to poetry Constructed of scales based on mathematical principles

• Japan Music linked to poetry ­instrumental music used in Japan

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Music of the Other Cultures

• Southeast Asia Gamalan­group of metal and wooden perc. Instruments

• India Religious uses Used scales called ragas

• Arabia Secular uses Used scales called ragas

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