Unit 2 Early Music Early Music Unit #2: Origins and Overview 1 Unit 2 Early Music Prehistoric Music • Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments 2 Unit 2 Early Music Roles • Celebrate life’s events • Religious rituals • Help chronicle the history of the culture 3 Unit 2 Early Music Who participated? • All members of society 4 Unit 2 Early Music Characteristics • 3 elements Rhythm Timbre melody • no harmony 5 Unit 2 Early Music Instruments • Drums • Cymbals • Flutes • Hunting bow • Harp • Dulcimer • Zither 6 Unit 2 Early Music Early Music Instrument Families • Aerophones Brass or woodwind instruments where sound is made by blowing air • Membranophones Drums where sound is made by vibrating membranes • Idiophones Percussion instruments that are struck or scraped. Sound is made by tapping or hitting the object • Chordophones String instruments played by hand or with a bow 7 Unit 2 Early Music Music of the Hebrews • Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments 8 Unit 2 Early Music Roles • Religious • Historical • Secular 9 Unit 2 Early Music Who participated? • All members of society 10 Unit 2 Early Music Characteristics • Unison melody or chants • Call & response (responsorial singing) • Doctrine of the Affections Music could affect one’s emotions Music could comfort and heal 11 Unit 2 Early Music Instruments • Shofar • Psaltry • Cymbals 12 Unit 2 Early Music Music of the Greeks • Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments 13 Unit 2 Early Music Roles • Music was important to the development of all people • Part of everyone’s education 14 Unit 2 Early Music Who participated? • All members of society 15 Unit 2 Early Music Characteristics • Doctrine of the Ethos Music could affect one’s character Music could make you a good person or a bad person • Lyrical Poetry Music added to plays to help tell the story Similar to modern day musicals 16 Unit 2 Early Music Instruments • Kithara • Aulos double flute used to accompany lyric passages 17 Unit 2 Early Music Pythagoras • Mathematician, scholar, musician • Experimented on stringed instruments • Discovered the intervals of the 4th, 5th, and octave • Developed the scale which is the basis for Western music • Developed Pythagorean tuning which is still used today. 18 Unit 2 Early Music Assignment #1 Define American Music using: • Roles • Who participates? • Characteristics • Instruments 19 Unit 2 Early Music American Music • Roles • Religious rituals • Celebrate life’s events • Entertainment • Part of everyone’s education • Background noise (elevators, department stores) • Express societal views 20 Unit 2 Early Music American Music • Who participates? • All members of society • Characteristics • Very diverse • numerous textures, styles, forms • Pythagorean tuning used • Computer manipulation becoming increasingly popular • Instruments • Brass, woodwind, percussion, strings, electronic 21 Unit 2 Early Music Music of the Romans • Roles • Who participated? • Characteristics • Instruments 22 Unit 2 Early Music Roles • Entertainment Concerts held in large outdoor amphitheaters The best musicians competed against each other “American Idol” or “The Voice” or "America's Got Talent" • Military To move the troops To mask the number of troops To send orders to the troops • Work When work needed to be done in unison Rowing, pulling, lifting 23 Unit 2 Early Music Who participated? • Relatively few members of society 24 Unit 2 Early Music Characteristics • Music lost the importance that it held in Greek and Hebrew cultures 25 Unit 2 Early Music Instruments • Brass • Percussion 26 Unit 2 Early Music Music of the Other Cultures • Africa Rhythmic complexity • China Music linked to poetry Constructed of scales based on mathematical principles • Japan Music linked to poetry Gagaku­instrumental music used in Japan 27 Unit 2 Early Music Music of the Other Cultures • Southeast Asia Gamalan­group of metal and wooden perc. Instruments • India Religious uses Used scales called ragas • Arabia Secular uses Used scales called ragas 28 Unit 2 Early Music 29 Unit 2 Early Music 30.