General Index

Cambridge University Press 0521838452 - Athletics and Literature in the Roman Empire Jason Konig Index More information

General index

Abraham 172 Alexandria, Alexandrians (see also under Olympic Achaia, Achaians (see also names of individual festivals (in other cities)) 1, 3, 5, 6, 143, 167, cities) 186–7, 202, 339 171, 259–60, 307 Achilles 76–7, 235–7, 339 Alfidios, M. (athlete) 130–1, 138, 146, 307 acrobats, acrobatics 1–2, 4–5, 320 Altis (see Olympia) Actium, battle of 28, 239 Alypos of Sikyon (sculptor) 197 Aelian 160 alytarchai 166 Aelius Alkibiades, P. 179 amateurism 30, 37 Aelius Alkibiades, T. 179–80 Amphipolis 214 Aelius Aristides 40, 180, 191 amphithalês 67 Aemilius Paullus, L. 214, 216 Amykos 237, 239, 246 Aemilius Scaurus, M. 216 Anacharsis (see also Lucian, Anacharsis) 299 Aeneas 239, 242 conversion to Hellenism 81, 83 Agamemnon 77, 235, 236 as a persona for Roman Empire writers 93–4 Agathion 340–1 anagnosis (‘reading’ – title of a gymnasion festival age categories (see also paides, ephebes, neoi) 53, contest) 65 64, 129, 166, 198, 200, 202–3, 247 Anaximenes (historian) 200–1 agonˆ (gÛn), range of meanings 35 animals 142, 272, 291, 292–3, 296, 328, 340 agones (agonistic festivals) (see also gymnasion, Ankyra 169–70 links with festival culture; ludi, Antaeus 238 distinction from agones; and entries under anthologies 160 the names of individual festivals) Antilochos 338, 339 and civic identity 4, 13, 27, 67–8, 165 Antisthenes 141–2 ‘crown’, ‘sacred’ festivals 27, 29, 71, 164, 165, Antoninus Pius 220, 222, 223–4, 258 185, 214 Antyllos 276, 280–2, 284, 285, 287 held by Republican Roman generals 214 Aphrodisias 67, 119–24, 127–30, 131 in honour of Rome 213–14 Apollonia 56 in the west (see also Capitolia; Neronia; Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautika 237–8, 287 Sebasta; Eusebeia) 218–21 Apollonius of Tyana (see also Philostratus, Life of processes of foundation 7, 27, 29, 71, 164, Apollonius) 214 letters ascribed to 341–2 themides (local, ‘prize festivals’) 27, 164 Appian 160 agonothete, agonothesia (see also euergetism; archery 246 doctors, as agonistic Archimedes 243 benefactors) 27–8, 68, 76–7, 127, 166, 185 archonship (Athenian) as means of dating 171, Aias 77, 235–6, 237 174 Aigina 201 Areios (athlete) 77 Aktia (agonˆ in Nikopolis) 28, 51, 125, 169, Aretê (‘Virtue’, deity of the gymnasion) 126 191 Argos (see also Shield Games of Hera at Argos) Alexander I of Macedon 26 167, 191, 194, 197 Alexander the Great 200–1 Aristippos 294

379

380 General index

Aristotle 160, 172, 200, 306, 336 in the Archaic/Classical period 23–7 Arkadians 186–7, 326 in the Hellenistic period 7, 27–8, 46–7, 51–2 army, Roman (see also Rome, military in the Imperial period 7, 28–30, 31, 46–7, intervention in the Greekeast) 56 51–2, 350–2 Artemidorus 133 interaction between ‘literary’ and epigraphical Artemis Orthia (see Sparta) representation 8, 21–2, 106–7, 350 Artists of Dionysus (see guilds, musical) modern 23, 35–44 Asia Minor (see also names of individual cities) 28, origins of 23–5, 317, 326, 330–1 70, 125, 168, 169 Roman attitudes to (see also philhellenism) 7, askeo(ˆ skw), askesis (skhsiv), range of 25–6, 28, 57–8, 90–1, 138, 205–53 meanings 35 athleuoˆ (qleÅw), range of meanings 35 Asklepieia (agonˆ in Ephesus) 254–5 Atlanta Olympics (1996) 38 Asklepieia Sotereia Pythia (agonˆ in Ankyra) Atticism 265, 341 169–70 Augustus 28, 46, 50, 51, 113–15, 213, 219, 227, Asklepios 259–60 229–32, 233, 239 Asterix comic series (Goscinny and Uderzo) Res Gestae 229 40–4 aulos 167 astrology (see astronomy) Aurelios Achilles (pankratiast) 127–30, 131, 132, astronomy 50–1, 261, 319, 320–21 166 Astyanax 91 Aurelios Alexander (pankratiast) 3–4 Athenaeus 160 Aurelios Artemon, M. (benefactor from Athenodoros 178 Oinoanda) 71 Athens, Athenians (see also under Olympic Aurelios Asklepiades, M. 1–6, 29, 60, 124–6, 129, festivals (in other cities)) 1, 3, 7, 26–7, 130, 148, 168–9, 171, 211–12, 224–5, 299, 80–94, 141, 143, 169, 171, 177, 178, 183, 243, 351–2 244, 259, 309 Aurelios Helix (pankratiast) 3–4 as host of modern Olympics 37, 38, 39 as recipient of Hadrian’s benefaction 28, 85, Bacchus (see Dionysus) 163 ball games 33–4, 49, 280–1, 284–91 ephebeia 26, 27, 48, 55, 60, 64, 85, 309, 311 baths 49, 214 athletˆes (qlhtv), range of meanings 35 athletic statues in 107–10 athletes Baths of Caracalla 107–10 as role models 97, 107–10, 126–39, 146–57 Baths of Trajan (headquarters of the Athletic dying young 127, 130–1, 146–57, 244 Guild) 1, 4, 110, 222, 223–4 family dynasties of 130, 147 beauty 22, 25–6, 97–9, 102, 134–5, 141, 144–5, performing in Rome 216–17 147–57, 298 athletics benefaction (see euergetism) and civic identity 3, 4, 13, 19–20, 26 Berlin Olympics (1936) 38 and Greekidentity ( see also Panhellenism; Beroia gymnasion as marker of Hellenic as centre for military training and culture; trainers, as representatives of administration 55 Hellenic tradition) 13, 18, 25–6, 27 gymnasion law 48, 51–5, 60, 63, 65, 311–12 as elite activity 6, 12–19, 23–5, 31, 58–63, 183, Billault, A. 318 303 bodies 12, 14, 16–17, 97–157, 274–91, 295–6, as metaphor 98, 129–30, 132–9, 183, 245, 266, 301–44 269, 270, 271, 288–9, 332 Borysthenes 84–5 as object of controversy 2–7, 8, 13–21, 95, 303, Bourdieu, P. 100 345–6 boxers, boxing 77, 102, 115–24, 135, 146–57, 167, as preparation for political participation 59, 176, 201, 216, 237, 238, 245, 246, 332, 340 67, 87, 286 shadow-boxing 280 Christian attitudes to 7, 133–4 techniques of 149 continuation beyond ad 400 29–30 Branham, B. 73–4, 88 criticisms of military uselessness 47, 56–8, 90–1 Caesarea (Palestine) 172 deﬁnition of 32–5 Caldelli, M. 220–1

General index 381

Caligula 231 Demeter 166 Cape Araxos 202 democratic ideology 24 Capitolia (agonˆ founded by Domitian in Rome) Demostheneia (festival at Oinoanda) 29, 67, 69, 28, 66, 125, 168, 169, 191, 211, 219, 220, 221, 71, 164 222–3, 224, 234, 240, 252 diaulos (see running) Capreae 231 Dido 242 Capua 242–3, 244, 246 Dio Chrysostom 21, 22, 91, 131, 133, 139–57, 305, Caracalla 56 347, 349, 350 Castricius Regulus, L. 66 career 140 Cato the Elder 208–9, 245 Orations 8 and 9 (Diogenes Orations) Celsus, De medicina 279, 281 141–3 Certamen Homeri et Hesiodi 77 Oration 1279, 143–4, 181, 342 chariot racing (see horse racing) Oration 21 (On Beauty) 144–5, 150–1 Chariton 134 Oration 27 142 Cheiron 339 Oration 28 (Melankomas 2) 97, 146–7, 152–6, Chersonese, Thracian 338 314 Chinese science 262 Oration 29 (Melankomas 1) 146–52 Chronicon Paschale 172–3 Oration 31143 , 215 chronography Oration 32 143 Christian 172–3 Oration 33 255 general 160–1, 171 Oration 34 143 Olympic (see also Phlegon, Olympiads) 159, Oration 36 84–5 162, 171–80, 188, 196, 203 Oration 66 143 Cicero 217–18 Oration 80 143 citizenship, as a reward for agonistic victory 3, 13, Diodorus Siculus 84, 133, 160 130, 260 Diogenes 136, 140, 141–3, 150, 156 civil war, as a theme in Roman epic 239–40, Diogenes Laertius 84 248 Diomedes 235–6 coins 20, 59, 165 Dionysius of Halicarnassus 160 collegia iuvenum 217 Dionysopolis 54 Commodeia (agonˆ in Nikaia) 165 Dionysus 237, 251 Commodus 165, 214 discus-throwing 245, 290 competition, competitiveness 5, 18, 24–5, disfigurement 107, 115–19, 123, 135, 283, 298 99–100, 127, 129–30, 262 dissection (see Galen, On Anatomical within and between scientific disciplines Procedures) 261–74, 301–2, 315–25 doctors (see also under trainers) 5, 22, 49, 104, ‘compilatory’ texts 160–3, 173–4, 189, 318 132–3, 254–300 complex categorization, as a rhetorical strategy as agonistic benefactors 258, 259–60 in scientific writing 261, 263, 268, 279, 284, associations of 258–9 316, 322, 336 honoured in festivals for public consulship (Roman) as means of dating 171, 174 service 257–60 Corinth, Corinthians 66, 142, 184, 186–7, in public medical competitions 254–5, 264–5, 189–93, 194, 213, 215–16 270 Cos 258 involved with athletic guilds 257 Cotswold Olympicks 39 official, public doctors 254, 255, 258, 259, Coubertin, Pierre de 36–7 262–3 Crete 177–8 on duty at festivals 259 ‘culture’ (see identity, theories of ) sects 265, 275 Cynicism 133, 135, 140, 141–3, 150, 156, 293, social status of 261–2 340 teaching in gymnasia 257 techniques of self-promotion 261–3 Dares 239 dolichos (see running) Delos 178, 180, 309–10 Domitian 28, 66, 140, 211, 218, 219, 227–8, Delphi (see also Pythian festival) 50–1, 66, 134–5, 233–4, 240 183, 186, 194, 216, 307 Dorians 186–7

382 General index

drawn contests 59, 77, 127 eutaxia (‘discipline’ – title of a gymnasion festival Dyme 330 contest) 65, 72

Egypt (see also names of individual cities) 27, 59, Favorinus 16–17, 160 64, 169, 314–15 Corinthian Oration 19, 190, 191–2 eiselastikos 165 fees for gymnasion training 61 ekphrasis 251, 339–40 festivals (see agones) Eleusis 158 fines 53–4, 311–12 Elis, Eleans 1, 3, 172, 176, 183, 185, 186–7, 193, finger-breaking 200 194, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202, 330, 342 Flamininus (T. Quinctius Flamininus) 191, 214 as keepers of Olympic records 184, 325–6 Follet, S. 341 Elsner, J. 187, 188–9, 194–5 Foucault, M. 14, 29, 275 emperors, involvement in athletics (see also Franke, A. 207 imperial cult; Rome, influence on Greek fratricide, as a theme in Roman epic 239, 242, athletics; and entries under names of 247–50 individual emperors) 211, 225–35 Frontinus 160 granting permission for ‘crown’ festivals 71, Fronto 93–4, 308 165, 214 Fulvius Nobilior, M. 216 influence on athletic guilds 223–5 encomium, techniques of 149, 151 Galba 184 Entellus 239 Galen 22, 58, 160, 254–300, 305, 306, 312, 315–25, Epeios (competitor in the boxing match in 329, 348–50, 351–2 Iliad 23) 77 as philosopher (see also below use of Plato as ephebeia, ephebes 27, 34, 46, 47–68, 126–7, 244, model) 263, 268, 274–6, 281–2, 284, 299, 301, 308–13 300, 302, 315, 317 as spectators 66–7 attitude to athletic trainers (see also competing in agonistic festivals 64 Philostratus, engagement with Galen’s membership outside one’s native city 60 criticisms of athletic training) 2, 4–5, 256, taking part in festival ritual 67–8 267–74, 282–3, 289, 291–300, 314 Ephesus (see also Vibius Salutaris; Olympic attitude to competition 263–74 festivals (in other cities)) 68, 127–30, 167, career 264, 299, 308 223, 254–5, 262, 270, 307 encouragement of active reading 266, 268, epic poetry 235–53 270–1, 279, 280–1, 289, 297, 326 Epictetus 133, 136–7, 139, 142 influence on sixteenth- and epimeletês (deputy gymnasiarch) 70, 310 seventeenth-century sport 274 Epiros 307 recommendation of moderation in physical epitomes 160 training 274–91, 300 Eratosthenes 172 use of Plato as model 276–7, 282, 286, 316, Eteokles 239, 246, 248 321–4 Etruscan influences on Roman sport 216 De sanitate tuenda 268, 272, 274, 283–4, 285, euandria (‘good manliness’ – title of a gymnasion 290, 299, 314 festival contest) 126–7 Good Condition 277, 279, 282–3, 284, 295 Euarestos (Iulius Euarestos) (benefactor from On Anatomical Procedures 264, 265, 266 Oinoanda) 50 On Examinations by which the Best Physicians euergetism (see also gymnasiarch, gymnasiarchy; are Recognized 265 agonothete, agonothesia; doctors, On Exercise with the Small Ball 280–1, 284–91, as agonistic benefactors) 2, 27–8, 68–70, 295, 299 84, 132, 215, 220 On the Faculties of Foodstuffs 323 euexia (‘good condition’ – title of a gymnasion On My Own Books 265 festival contest) 65, 126–7 On Prognosis 264 Euripides 84–5 Protrepticus 1–6, 57, 62, 256, 263, 277, 279, Autolykos fragment 57, 58, 90 283, 286, 291–300, 319–20 Eusebeia (agonˆ at Puteoli) 125, 168, 220 The Best Doctor is also a Philosopher 265–6 Eusebius 172, 173, 174, 180 The Order of My Own Books 265

General index 383

Thrasyboulos 267–74, 279, 282, 284, 288, 289, as marker of Hellenic culture 27, 54, 144–5, 290, 295, 297–8, 299 294, 298–9 Gardiner, E. N. 30 at Olympia 181 garlands (see prizes) athletic statues in 107 Gaul 206, 220–1 examinations for pupils 311, 312 Gauthier, P. 55 insulation from the outside world 47, 51, Gellius, Aulus 160 52–4, 59, 63 geography 160 internal agonistic festivals (usually ‘Hermaia’, Gerenos (wrestler) 336 in honour of Hermes) 53, 64–5, 257 gladiators, gladiatorial games 15–16, 28–9, 74, 91, layout 48 132–3, 143, 214–17, 218, 228–9, 232 lectures in 49–51, 257 Greekcriticisms of 215–16 links with festival culture 46, 60, 63–72, 86, imagery of, in epic (see also hoplomachia) 238, 126–7 249 origins of 23–5 Glaukos (boxer) 332 gymnastai (see trainers) Gleason, M. 16–17, 18 gymnastikê (see training) ‘gloves’, boxing (made of leather straps) 123–4 gymnazo(ˆ gumnzw), range of meanings 35, 266, gluttony 97, 137, 154, 283, 323, 335–6 269, 270 gods in epic 235–6 Golden, M. 24, 31 Hadrian 28, 68, 76–7, 163, 165, 210, 220, 222, Gorgias 200 223, 234, 258 Gorgippia 64 Hadrianus (M. Fabius Hadrianus) (Roman Goscinny, R. 42 general) 177 grammar teachers, grammarians 50, 66, 311 Hall, S. 11 guides, at Olympia 195 Hannibal (in Silius Italicus, Punica) 211, 241, guilds, athletic 29, 33, 221–5, 307, 313 242–3, 244, 251 Athletic Guild of Sacred Victors 130–1, 222, Harris, H. A. 30 223, 313 Hatzopoulos, M. 55 Guild of Ecumenical Athletes 222 Hector 91 merging of the two original guilds to form the Heliodorus 134, 135 Universal Athletic Guild 222 hellanodikai (Olympic judges) 166, 170, 181, Universal Athletic Guild 1, 3, 5, 110, 221, 223–5 182–3, 197, 198, 331 guilds, musical 33, 179–80, 220–1, 222, 259–60 Heraia (agonˆ at Argos) (see Shield Games of Gulliver’s Travels (Swift) 76 Hera) Guttmann, A. 32 Herakleitos of Rhodiapolis 133, 258, 259–60, gymnasiarch, gymnasiarchy (see also euergetism; 263 doctors, as agonistic benefactors) Herakles 64, 175, 238, 251, 294 27–8, 48, 49, 52–4, 56, 68–9, 306, 309, ‘Heraklid’ (title given to an athlete who wins 310–12 Olympic pankration and wrestling on the boys acting as 70, 310–11 same day) 77 difficulties of filling the office 69 Hercules (see Herakles) female 70 Hermaia (see gymnasion, internal agonistic for life 70 festivals) posthumous cult worship of 69 Hermes 64, 119, 291, 294 gymnasion (see also ephebeia; palaistra) 28, 34, Hermesianax of Tralles 66 45–96, 97, 153, 211, 217–18, 245, 284, 287, Hermopolis 1, 3 308 Herodes Atticus 184, 192–3, 340–1 and education 4, 13, 27, 46, 47–63 Herodikos of Megara 256–7, 314 as a place of burial for benefactors 69 Herodotus 26, 76, 78, 79–80, 83, 188 as a venue for courtship and seduction 25, heroes 76–9, 151, 327, 328–9, 335–6, 338–9, 104, 134, 207–8, 209 340 as a venue for literate education 49–51, 88 Hesiod 16, 77 as a venue for military training 23–4, 47, hieronikai (‘sacred victors’) 163–4, 169 48–9, 51–9, 88–92 Hippias 172

384 General index

Hippocrates, Hippocratic Corpus 266, 272, 276, Jason 237–8 282, 297, 299 javelin contests 245, 250 Aphorisms 278–9 Jones, C. 146 Nature of Man 278 judges, Olympic (see hellanodikai) Nutriment 277 Julian, Caesares 146 Regimen 277 Julius Caesar 216–17, 219, 228–30, 231, 232, 238, historiography, ancient 160 248 Homer 76, 77, 79–80, 82, 259, 290, 295 jumping weights 42–3, 333 Iliad 23 24, 76, 77–8, 211, 235–9, 240, 242, 250 kalligraphia (‘writing’ – title of a gymnasion Odyssey 8 237, 293–4, 297 festival contest) 65 hoop-rolling 280, 281 Kapros (wrestler) 77 hoplitodromos (race in armour) 33, 65, 66, 90, kithara 167 176, 330 Kleon of Sikyon (sculptor) 198 hoplomachia (contest of ﬁghting with weapons), Kleosthenes 175 in epic 235–6, 245, 246, 247–50 knowledge, sociology of (see also ‘compilatory’ horse racing 26, 33, 176, 181, 198–9, 219, 229, 232, texts) 161–2 245 Konstan, D. 197 chariot racing 184, 234, 246 horse riding (as daily exercise) 280 Lacan, J. 105–6 humours 329, 333 lampadedromia (torch race) 65 Hygeia (‘Health’, worshipped as divinity) Larisos, River 202 259–60 Lasthenes 177, 178 lexicography 160 identity (see also athletics and civic identity; Livy 214, 216, 218, 244, 245 athletics as elite activity; athletics and Lloyd, G. 262 Greekidentity; Panhellenism) long jump 272, 290 Greek 18–20 Lovatt, H. 240–1 interaction between Greekand Roman Lucan, Bellum Civile 238, 240, 241, 248 (see also philhellenism) 18, 190, 205–53 Lucian 9, 18, 22, 40, 44, 46, 55, 60, 72–96, 305, local 19–20 346–7, 349, 350 Roman 22, 205–53 Anacharsis 45, 47, 49, 57, 58, 63, 72–5, 78, theories of 8–21, 205–6 80–96, 106–7, 157, 215, 334 Ikkos 314 Contemplantes 80 imperial cult (see also neocorate) 29, 40, 71, De dea Syria 75 164–5, 185, 213, 214, 221 De saltatione 81, 91 ‘interpretative pluralism’, as a common feature Demonax 215 in Roman Empire texts (see also Navigium 79 Philostratus, use of speculative styles of Nigrinus 79, 94 explanation) 330–1 outsider’s perspective 74–5, 78, 79–80, 94 Ionia 307 Peregrinus 181 Iphitos 175, 194 questioning of Hellenic tradition 75, 78–81, Isocrates, Panegyricus 26–7, 40, 57 86, 95 ‘isolympian’ agones 165–6, 185–6 relation with second-century society 73–5 ‘isopythian’ agones 165–6 role-playing 74–5, 94 Isthmia (see also Isthmian festival) 186, Scytha 94 190–3 Somnium 75 Isthmian festival (see also Isthmia; periodos) 3, True History (VH) 75–80, 94 25, 66, 78, 125, 141–3, 168, 185, 190–1, 192, Lucillius 1, 135 213 Lucius Verus 68 Italy 125, 168 Lucullus (L. Licinius Lucullus) 177 south (see also names of individual cities) 206, ludi, distinction from agones 218–19 220 ludi pro valetudine Caesaris 219 Iulius Africanus, S. (chronographer) 148, 172 Lusus Troiae 217, 247 Iuvenal games (Rome) 232 Lycia (see also names of individual cities) 60

General index 385

Lykeion 49, 85–6 Nerva 223 Lykourgos 92, 175 Nestor 338 Lysippos (sculptor) 198 New Historicism 10 Nikaia 165 Macedonia (see also Beroia, gymnasion law) 51, Nikˆe (Goddess of Victory) 119 54–5, 67, 310–11 Nikomedia 165 Magna Graecia (see Italy, south) Nonnus, Dionysiaka 237 Magnesia (on the Maiandros) 164, 167 novels, Greek 134–5 Marcellus (M. Claudius Marcellus) (in Silius nudity 25–6, 136, 208–9, 217, 245, 272–3, 297 Italicus, Punica) 205, 211–12, 243–4 Nutton, V. 262–3 Marcus Aurelius 56, 85, 308 Nysa 179 MarkAntony 28, 239, 307, 313 Mars 247 Odessos 54 masculinity 66, 99–100, 101, 105, 144–5, 240 Odysseus (see also Homer, Odyssey) 77, 79–80, Massilia (Marseilles) 220, 221 140, 236–7 medicine (see also doctors; Galen; philosophy oil (applied prior to exercise in the and medicine) 254–300 gymnasion) 45, 52, 53–4, 66, 68, 82, 89, 272, categorization of, in relation to other arts 256, 331 259–61, 263, 267–74, 319–25 Oinoanda (see also Demostheneia) 50, 64, 71 Melankomas (see also Dio Chrysostom, Oinomaos 201 Orationes 28 and 29) Olympia (see also Olympic festival (at as a real athlete? 146 Pisa)) 158–60, 180–6, 188, 192–204, 213, 342 Meleagria (festival at Balboura) 59 dedications of armour at 183 Mercury 115 hippodrome 181, 202 Messene 59, 107, 192, 200 Leonidaion 196, 201 Metellus (Q. Caecilius Metellus Creticus) 177, Metroon¨ 184 178 Nymphaion of Herodes Atticus 184, 192–3 Miletos 176, 311, 313 Pillar of Oinomaos 201 military training (see gymnasion as a venue for stadion 181, 202 military training) Temple of Hera 193, 197 Milo (athlete) 342 Temple of Zeus (see also Pheidias) 181 Miltiades (Athenian general) 183 tension between past and present Mithridates 177, 216 within 183–7 mosaics 3–4, 107–10 Olympic festival (at Pisa) (see also Olympia; Mouseion of Alexandria 6 periodos) 3, 6–7, 78, 125, 143–4, 168, 175–6, Mummius (L. Mummius Achaicus) 184–5, 190 216, 223, 266, 336 ‘musical’ contests 18, 26, 33, 181, 184, 186, 219 demise 29–30 Myra 167 foundation 23, 25, 175, 193–4 Myron, ‘Diskobolos’ 43 programme 181, 184, 185–6 traditions of speech-making 143–4, 181 Naples (see also Sebasta) 1, 3, 138, 231, 233, 243 truce 25 cultural identity 219–20 Olympic festivals (in other cities) 166, 171 Naukydes of Argos (sculptor) 197 Alexandria 1, 3, 171 neaniskoi (combined age category of ephebes Antioch 30 and neoi) 53, 56 Athens 169, 170 Nemausus (Nˆımes) 220–1 Ephesus 128, 166, 170 Nemean festival (see also periodos) 3, 25, 125, 168, Kyzikos 171 214, 245 Side 166 neocorate 165 Smyrna 16, 170, 171 neoi (gymnasion age category) 48, 53, 69, 81, Sparta 166 298–9 Tralles 166, 171 Nero 191, 192, 218, 227–8, 230, 231–3 Olympic victory lists (see chronography, agonistic tour of Greece 28, 184, 191, 232 Olympic) Neronia, foundation of 209–11, 218, 232 Olympics, modern 36–9 Neronia (see under Nero) Opous 201

386 General index

Oribasios 276, 280 philoponia (‘hard work’) Ostia 3–4, 107 as a virtue praised in agonistic Oulpios Domestikos, M. 223–4 inscriptions 126 Oxyrhynchos 173 title of a gymnasion festival contest 65, 72, 126 paidagogoi (ofﬁcials responsible for supervising philosophy 160 paides) 312 and athletics 2, 6, 29, 61–3, 85–6, 87–8, 102, paides (gymnasion age category) 48, 53, 66, 311, 132–57, 183, 350 312 and medicine (see also Galen, as philosopher; paidotribai (see trainers) Galen, use of Plato as model) 255, 259 palaistra 48, 49, 53, 218, 272, 286, 308–9, 311 Philostratus 4, 9, 18, 22, 40, 58, 78, 301–44, at Olympia 181 349–50 Palamedes 338 analysis of athletic history 172, 325–32, 337, Panamara 56 342 Panhellenia (agonˆ in Athens) 85 engagement with Galen’s criticisms of athletic Panhellenic festivals (see agones, ‘crown’ training 315–25, 335–6, 343 festivals) engagement with Plato 316–24 Panhellenion 163 equation of athletic training with his own Panhellenism 22, 25, 26–7, 29, 38–40, 158–204, expertise 325, 332–3, 343–4 236 Gymnasticus 172, 256, 277, 301–44 inﬂuence on local festival procedures 163–70, Heroicus 4, 305, 338–9 203 Imagines 305, 339–40 pankratiasts, pankration 1, 3–4, 77–9, 124–6, Life of Apollonius (VA) 215, 305, 338, 341–2 132, 168–9, 176, 200, 201, 340 Lives of the Sophists (VS) 15–16, 305, 340–1, pantomime dancing 5, 14, 81, 91, 98 343 paradoxography 160 modern responses to the Gymnasticus 304, Paris 239 317–19 Paros 59 Nero 305 Patara 167 use of speculative styles of explanation 326, Patroclus (see also Homer, Iliad Book 23) 330–2, 334–7, 341, 342–3 338 Phlegon 160, 171 Patron (Epicurean philosopher) 177 as freedman of Hadrian 174–5, 179 Paul, Epistles 133 Book of Marvels 174, 179 Pausanias 22, 40, 56, 78, 158–204, 305, 347–8, Long-Lived Persons 179 349 Olympiads 160, 162, 167, 171, 172, 173–80, 193, Lydian identity 188 195, 199, 203 Pax Romana 55–6 Photius 175, 178 peacockfeathers 78–9 physiognomics 261, 317, 328, 332, 333, 334–5, 337, Peisos 175 339, 340 Peloponnese 175, 186–7, 191 Pindar 58, 301, 308 Pelops 175 Plato (see also Galen, use of Plato as model; pentathlon 330 Philostratus, engagement with Plato) 7, 33, Peregrinus 181 58, 60, 61, 62, 85–6, 87–8, 149–50, 153 periodos 3, 25, 28, 159, 165, 168–70, 181 Charmides 153 periodos-victors 1, 119–23, 124–6, 169 Euthydemus 153 Perpetua, martyr 133–4 Gorgias 277, 322, 323–4 Persians 144, 183 Laches 89, 153 Pescennius Niger 165–6 Laws 58, 61, 62, 87 Pheidias 143–4, 181 Lysis 27, 153 Pheneos 197 Phaedo 150 Philadelphia 167 Phaedrus 88, 150 philhellenism 206–7, 210–11, 216, 219–21, Republic 58, 87, 149–50, 153, 256–7, 276–7, 245 321 Philip II of Macedon 200–1 Symposium 150 Philo 133 Pliny the Elder 160

General index 387

Pliny the Younger 220, 251 Romaia (agonˆ in Xanthos) 166–8, 176, 213, Plutarch 160, 289 214 Cato Maior 208–9, 245 Roman involvement in the east 174–80 Greek Questions 331 influence on Greekarchitecture 214–15 On Studying Poetry 289 influence on Greekathletics 28–9, 71, 143, 159, Quaestiones Convivales 331 164–5, 167–8, 176–7, 191, 213–16 Roman Questions 208, 331 influence on the Olympics 143, 184–5, 213 Solon 84 Rome 5, 22, 50–1, 177, 179–80, 242, 251, 263 Sulla 216 athletics in (see also athletes, performing in Polemo 16–17, 337 Rome; athletic guilds; Neronia; Polybius 213 Capitolia) 212–13, 216–24, 225–35, 252 Polydeukes 237 circus buildings 219, 229, 234 Polykleitos 103, 113–15 stadion buildings 219 ‘Diadoumenos’ 110–13 running 198, 245, 246, 250, 280, 288, 290, 340 ‘Diskophoros’ 119 diaulos 176, 330 ‘Doryphoros’ 107, 110, 113–15, 128 dolichos 167, 176–7, 180, 326, 330 Polyneikes 239, 246, 248 stadion 66, 142, 167, 171, 176, 202–3, 326, Pompey 216, 228–9, 248 330 Pomponius Mela 160 Rutherford, I. 182 Porter, J. 187–9 Poseidon 192–3 ‘sacred’ agones (see agones, ‘crown’ festivals) Priam 235 ‘sacred’ victors (see hieronikai) Priene 26, 257, 308 sacrifice, at Olympia 181, 195 Prima Porta statue of Augustus 113–15 Saguntum 242 prize festivals (see under agones) Sardis 167 prizes satyr plays 58 garlands 27, 78–9, 86, 164 Satyros, statue of 115–19 money prizes 27, 164 Schmitz, T. 16, 17–18, 63 proedria (reserved seating, as an honour given Scipio Africanus (P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilius for public service) 258, 260 Africanus) 214 Promachos (athlete) 332 (in Silius Italicus, Punica) 212, 241, 242, 243, Protesileos 338–9 244, 245–53 Prusa 140 Scopelian 16 (Pseudo)-Dionysius 126, 146, 313–14 Scribonius Curio, C. 216, 238 (Pseudo)-Julian 191, 215 Scythia 84–5 (Pseudo)-Plutarch, Education of Children 60–2, Sebasta (agonˆ at Naples) 66, 125, 130–1, 146, 169, 63, 88 185–6, 219–20, 231 Puteoli 1, 3, 220 Sebasteia, as common title of imperial festivals 71 Pythian festival (at Delphi) (see also periodos) 3, second prize 24, 127 25, 50, 125, 168, 170, 182, 185 ‘Second Sophistic’ 15–16, 161, 187–8 Pythian festivals in other cities 166, 170 self-care (see also regimen) 14, 29, 99–100, 275 Seneca the Younger 133, 135, 136–9, 142 Quintilian 133 Letter 15 137–8 Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthomerica 236–7 Letter 80 138–9 Septimius Severus 165 race in armour (see hoplitodromos) Seria 202 regimen 29, 267, 274–91, 322–4 Severans 165 rhetoric (see also sophistry, sophists) Severeia (agonˆ in Nikomedia) 165 contests in 237 Shield Games of Hera (at Argos) 125, 159, 168 Rhodes, Rhodians 143, 259 Shropshire Olympian games 39 Rhodiapolis (see Herakleitos of Rhodiapolis) Sicily (see also names of individual cities) 214, 220, Riefenstahl, L. 38 239, 243 Robert, L. 21–2, 76–7, 127, 133, 146, 148, 165, Side 166 179–80 Sikyon 176, 191, 197, 199, 200 Rogers, G. 67

388 General index

Silius Italicus 22, 205, 211–12, 235, 240–53, 305, Syracuse 205, 211–12, 243–5, 294 348 Syria 75, 169 intertextual relation with Statius 240–1, 245, 246 Tacitus 91, 209–12, 218, 235 retirement in Campania 243, 251 Tanagra 64 ‘understated’ style 241, 249–51 Sarapeia (agonˆ ) 68 Smyrna 307 Tarsos 143 Socrates 7, 88, 140, 153, 323–4 team sports 34 soldiers (see also army, Roman) 99, 132–3 Telmessos 168 Solon, views on athletics (see also Lucian, Teos 50, 66, 311 Anacharsis) 84 Terme boxer, statue 115–19 sophistry, sophists 14–18, 63, 142, 264, 341, Tertullian, De Spectaculis 134 342–3 ‘tetrad’ training system 336 sophrosynê (temperance) (as a virtue praised in themides (see agones) agonistic inscriptions) 126, 131 Themistius 146 Sophrosynê (Temperance, deity of the gymnasion) Theodosius 29–30 126 Theon 314 Sparta, Spartans (see also under Olympic theoria 182–3 festivals (in other cities)) 26, 56, 82, 169, Theseus 76–7 329, 341–2 Thrace 54 whipping ceremony of Artemis Orthia 92–3, Thucydides 82, 243–4 334, 342 Tiberius 309 spectatorship 66–7, 97–9, 104–5, 143, 145, 150, Tigranes 177 155, 156, 182–3, 225–6, 230–1, 303 Titus (emperor) 146, 227–8 in epic 235–6, 249–51 torch race (see lampadedromia) sphairisteria (ball games attached to gymnasia) Toxaris 94 33–4, 48, 49, 281 trainers 22, 137, 146, 152–6, 301–44 Sports Studies 31–2 aleiptês 305–6, 307, 313 stadion (see under running) epistatês 305–6 Stageira 200 gymnastês 284, 305–6, 317, 319, 325–37 Statius, Thebaid 30, 211, 218, 235, 239–42, 245, iatraleiptês 257 246, 248, 250, 252 keromatitês 305 statues (non-athletic) 192–3, 259–60, 294 paidotribês 48, 54, 61, 268, 290, 305–6, 307, at Olympia 181, 184–5, 194–5 308–13, 319, 322 statues of athletes 7, 102–24, 127–32, 144, 158–9, accompanying athletes to festivals 307–8 162–3, 203, 295 as representatives of Hellenic tradition 302, at Olympia 181, 183, 188, 189, 193, 195–202, 303–4, 305, 331–2, 343–4 203–4 attached to private palaistrai 308–9 copies 107, 110–13 in athletic guilds 307, 313–14 in the west 107–10, 217–18 involved in ephebic education 50, 53, 301, tension between idealism and realism 103–4, 308–13 107–24 links with the imperial family 308 stereotypes 207–12 need for rhetorical skills 313–14 Stoicism 133, 135–9, 149 relations with doctors (see also Galen, Strabo 160 attitudes to athletic trainers; Philostratus, strigil 331 engagement with Galen’s criticisms of Suetonius athletic training) 255–6, 257, 291, 300, Lives of the Emperors 66, 146, 184, 209, 211, 307–8 219, 227–35, 239 salaries 54, 311 use of repeated templates in the Livesofthe social status of 302, 306–15 Emperors 227–8 training (gymnastikê) (as an art) 301–2, 315–37, workon Greekand Roman games 228 339, 343–4 Sulla 184, 216 treatises on 256–7, 314–15, 320, 321 Swain, S. 18 Trajan (see also Baths of Trajan) 223, 224 swimming 280 Triarius, C. 178

General index 389

truces 25, 38, 164, 236, 330 virtue (see athletes as role models; Aretˆe, deity of Tyrtaios 57 the gymnasion) Vitruvius 160 Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica 239 Valerius Maximus 245, 248 Whitmarsh, T. 19 vase paintings 7, 301 wild beast shows (see venationes) Vedius Antoninus, P. (benefactor from Ephesus) women 68 in athletic training and competition 66, venationes (wild beast shows) 191, 214–15, 216, 234 229 as gymnasiarchs 70 Venus 242–3 Woolf, G. 215, 226–7 Vespasian 227–8 wrestlers, wrestling 77, 167, 197, 200, 238, 245, Vibius Salutaris, foundation of 280, 290, 314, 319, 340, 341 (at Ephesus) 67–8 Wyke, M. 101 victory (see also prizes; statues of athletes) ﬁnancial rewards for 27 Xanthos (see also Romaia) 69 inscriptions commemorating 1–7, 119–23, Xenophanes 57, 84 124–30, 166–70, 183, 254–5, 260 Xenophon 60 Vienna 220, 221 Symposium 145 viewing (see spectatorship) Xenophon of Ephesus 134 Virgil, Aeneid 235, 237, 238–9, 240, 241–2, 244, 247, 248, 250 Zappas, Evangelios 39

Index locorum

NB This index refers only to discussion of speciﬁed subsections of texts and of collections of texts; the general index lists all references to authors.

AELIUS ARISTIDES 77.9–10: 56 On Rome (Oration 26) 97–9: 40, 180 77.16.7: 56 Oratio 46, 20–24: 191 80.10.12: 4

ANTYLLOS CELSUS Oribasios, Collectiones Medicae 6.21–4, De medicina 1.1.3: 279 6.25–36: 280–1 1.1.7: 279 1.2.6: 281 1.2.7: 279 APOLLONIUS OF RHODES 1.6.1: 281 1.8.1: 281 Argonautika 3.129–44: 287 3.27.3: 281

APOLLONIUS OF TYANA CHARITON Letter 42a: 342 Letter 63: 342 Chaireas and Kallirhoe 1.1.4–6: 134 1.1.5: 134 ARISTOTLE 1.1.10: 134 1.2.6: 134 Politics 1338b: 306 2.3: 134 1338b–39a: 336

CICERO AUGUSTUS Letters to Atticus 1.10: 217 Res Gestae 22–3: 229

CASSIUS DIO CODEX THEODOSIANUS Roman History 62.14: 184 13.3.8: 257

390

Index locorum 391 DIGESTA DIODORUS SICULUS 27.1.6.2–4: 258 9.2.5: 84 27.1.6.8: 258 DIOGENES LAERTIUS DIO CHRYSOSTOM 1.55–6: 84 Orations 8.3: 141–2 8.9: 142 EPICTETUS 8.36: 142 Discourses 9.5–7: 142 1.24.7: 136 9.10–13: 142 1.24.12: 136 9.14–20: 142 2.17.29–31: 136 9.22: 142 2.18.22–7: 136 12.2–5: 79 3.20.9–10: 136 21.1: 144 4.4.11–12: 136 21.2: 145 21.13–14: 145 28.1–2: 153 28.2–3: 97, 102, 153–4 EURIPIDES 28.5: 154 fr. 282, lines 16–19, 21–4: 57 28.6: 154–5 28.7: 149, 154 28.7–8: 154 FAVORINUS 28.8: 154 28.9: 154 Corinthian Oration 26: 190 28.10: 154 28.12: 150, 155 28.13: 155 FRONTO 29.1–2: 147 29.2–3: 147 Ad M. Caesarem 2.3: 93–4 29.3–5: 147 2.16: 308 29.6: 147, 151–2 29.7: 147–8, 150, 151 GALEN 29.8: 152 29.9: 148 De sanitate tuenda 1.1.1 [K6.1]: 284 29.9–10: 148 1.1.3–4 [K6.2]: 284 29.11: 147, 148 1.4.12 [K6.12]: 284 29.11–12: 148–9 1.5.1–12 [K6.13–15]: 284 29.13: 154 1.8.24 [K6.42]: 284 29.16–17: 150–1 1.10 [K6.51]: 272 29.17–20: 147 1.11.3 [K6.54–5]: 284 29.21–2: 150, 155 1.12.5 [K6.60]: 284 31.21: 143 2.2.6–12 [K6.85–6]: 284 31.110–11: 143 2.8.1–7 [K6.133–5]: 284 31.116: 143 2.8.11 [K6.136]: 284 31.121: 143, 215 2 [K6. 141–3]: 314 31.163: 143 2.9.25: 306 33.6: 255 2.11.42–4: 306 34.31: 143 3.2.2–12 [K6.167–9]: 284 66.2: 78 Good Condition [K4.750–56]: 282–3 66.5: 78, 143 [K4.750–53]: 278–9 80.2: 143 [K4.753]: 277, 321

392 Index locorum

On Anatomical Procedures 7.10 36 [K5.874–6]: 321 [K2.619–20]: 265 41–5: 268 7.10 [K2.618–23]: 264, 266 46 [K5.894]: 272, 303 7.16 [K2.642–3]: 265 46 [K5.895]: 272–3 On Examinations by which the Best 46–7: 268 Physicians are Recognized 9.6–7: 265 47 [K5.898]: 321 On Exercise with the Small Ball 1 [K5.899]: 285–6 3 [K5.904]: 286 HELIODORUS 3 [K5.905]: 286 3 [K5.906]: 288 Aithiopika 4 [K5.906–7]: 287–8 1.4: 134 4 [K5.909]: 289 1.7: 134 5 [K5.910]: 290 1.19–21: 134 On My Own Books [K19.21–2]: 265 2.35–3.6: 134 Protrepticus 1: 291, 292–3 4.1–4: 134 2: 291 10.28–32: 134 3: 291 3 [K1.5]: 294 4: 291 HERODIAN 5: 291, 319 4.8.3: 56 5 [K1.8–9]: 294 6: 291–2 7: 291–2, 299 HERODOTUS 8: 291–2, 293–4 9: 292, 293, 298, 320 4.76–7: 83 9 [K1.20–21]: 1–7, 295 5.22: 26 10: 292 8.144: 26 10 [K1.25]: 297–8 11: 292, 295–6 11 [K1.27]: 279, 296 HIPPOCRATES 11 [K1.30–31]: 295–6 Aphorisms 1.3: 278–9 12: 292 = 13: 292, 293 Nature of Man 22 ( Regimen in Health 7): 278 13 [K1.33]: 294 Nutriment 34: 277 13 [K1.36]: 294 Regimen 2.61–6: 277 14: 292, 319–20 14 [K1.37]: 298 14 [K1.39]: 299 HISTORIA AUGUSTA The Best Doctor is also a Philosopher 1 [K1.53]: Hadrian 27.3: 220 265–6 Antoninus Pius 5: 56 The Order of My Own Books 5 [K19.60–61]: 265 Marcus Antoninus 4: 308 Thrasyboulos 1 [K5.806]: 269 2 [K5.807]: 269–70 2 [K5.809]: 270 HOMER 3 [K5.809–10]: 271 4 [K5.810]: 271 Iliad 3.350: 82 4–9: 267 6.466–73: 91 5 [K5.810–11]: 270 10.577: 82 8 [K5.817]: 282 14.171: 82 9 [K5.819–21]: 278–9 23.735–7: 77 10–29: 267 23.798–825: 235–6 22 [K5.842–3]: 272 Odyssey 3.466: 82 30–45: 267–8 6.96: 82 36 [K5.874]: 267 10.364: 82

Index locorum 393

10.450: 82 1.3: 79–80 19.505: 82 2.17: 94 2.20: 79–80 2.22: 75–9 ISOCRATES Panegyricus 1–2: 57 LUCILLIUS Greek Anthology 11.78: 135 JULIAN 11.80: 135 11.85: 135 Caesares 7 (311a): 146

LIVY PAUSANIAS 1.9.6–14: 218 1.26.4: 201 1.35.7–10: 218 2.1.2: 191–2 28.21: 245, 248 2.1.5: 192 29.19: 244, 245 2.1.7–8: 192–3 39.22.1–2: 216 2.3.7: 191 45.32.8–11: 214 5.1.1–2: 186–7 5.1.1–5.5.1: 193–4 5.1.4: 193 LUCAN 5.1.5: 193 5.1.6: 193 Bellum Civile 4.592–660: 238 5.2: 193 5.4.7: 194 5.5.2: 202 LUCIAN 5.5.5–6: 193 5.5.2–5.7.5: 194 Anacharsis 1: 45, 81–2 5.6.2: 193 1–5: 83 5.7.6–5.9.6: 194 6: 83 5.8.5: 194, 201 12: 87 5.10.1: 158, 159 12–13: 86 5.17.5–5.19.10: 193 14–22: 86–7 6.1.2: 196–7 16: 88 6.1.3: 197–8 17: 83–4 6.1.4–5: 198–9 18: 89–90 6.2.2–3: 199 21: 87, 88 6.2.3: 196 24: 87 6.2.6: 199 24–30: 88–9 6.2.10–11: 192 31–3: 90–1 6.3.1: 193 33–5: 82 6.4.1–2: 200 37: 91 6.4.3–4: 200 38–40: 92–3, 334 6.4.7: 193 40: 90 6.4.8: 200 Contemplantes 8: 80 6.5.3: 196 17: 80 6.6.3: 198 Demonax 57: 215 6.6.4–11: 199 Navigium 23: 79 6.8.2: 199 Nigrinus 13: 79, 94 6.9.1: 193 17: 94 6.9.3: 199 Scytha 3: 94 6.9.4–5: 193 True History (VH) 6.9.6–8: 199

394 Index locorum

6.10.5: 193 58: 329, 333–4 6.11.2–9: 199 Heroicus pp. 141–2: 338 6.13.1: 199 pp. 146–7: 338 6.13.2: 193 p. 147, line 15: 4 6.13.8: 196 p. 167: 338 6.14.2–3: 198 p. 183: 338 6.17.1: 196, 201 p. 204: 338 6.18.2–6: 200–1 Imagines 1.24.3: 339 6.18.6: 199 1.28.8: 339 6.18.7: 201–2 2.2: 339 6.22.2–3: 194 2.6: 339 6.25.1: 193 2.7.5: 339 6.26.6: 202 2.19: 339 6.26.10: 202–3 2.21: 339 10.34.5: 56 2.32: 339 10.36.9: 184 Life of Apollonius (VA) 4.22: 215 4.27: 341–2 4.28: 342 PHILOSTRATUS 4.29: 342–3 6.20: 342 Gymnasticus 1: 301, 320–2 Lives of the Sophists (VS) 481: 15 1–2: 317, 327–8 490–91: 16 2: 325–6 507: 15 3–19: 317 514: 16 4: 326 541: 15–16 5: 541–2: 16 7: 330 542: 16 12: 329–30 552–4: 340–1 13: 330 14–15: 322–3 18: 331 PHLEGON 20: 332 20–4: 332 Book of Marvels 35: 179 20–58: 317 Long-Lived Persons (FGH 257,F37), 97: 179 22: 332 Olympiads, FGH 257,F1: 175 25: 331–2 F12: 175–8 25–6: 332–3 T1: 180 27–30: 333 T3: 179 28: 334 29: 334–5 31: 338 PLATO 31–41: 333 31–42: 340 Euthydemus 271a: 153 42: 329, 333 Laches 181e–182d: 89 43: 340 Laws 794d–796d: 58, 61 43–4: 328–9, 335–6 794c–796e: 58 43–7: 333 829e–834d: 58 44: 323–4 832d–834d: 62 46: 4, 336 Phaedo 78d–e: 150 47: 336 Phaedrus 250b–e: 150 48–54: 333 Republic 327a: 153 54: 328, 336 402d: 149–50 55: 333 403c–412b: 58 56: 333 406a–b: 257 57: 333 407b–c: 321

Index locorum 395

410b: 321 15: 137–8 411c: 321 15.2: 137 Symposium 211a: 150 80: 138–9 80.1: 138 80.2: 138–9 PLINY THE YOUNGER Letter 3.7: 251 SILIUS ITALICUS Letter 4.22: 220 Punica 2.233–64: 242 PLUTARCH 6.653–715: 251 11.422–3: 242–3 Lives: 11.427–8: 243 Cato Maior 3.5–7: 245 14.134–9: 205, 211–12, 243 20.8: 208–9 14.248–57: 243–4 Solon 23.3: 84 14.492–515: 244–5 Moralia: 16.527–8: 247 On Studying Poetry 38e: 289 16.529–38: 247–9 Roman Questions 40: 208 16.531: 248 16.535: 250 16.546–8: 248 POLYBIUS 2.12.8: 213 STATIUS (PSEUDO)-ARISTOTLE Silvae 3.5: 240 Constitution of the Athenians 42.3: 309 5.3: 240 Thebaid 6.3–4: 246 (PSEUDO)-DIONYSIUS 6.297–8: 246 6.618–30: 246 Ars Rhetorica 6.731–8: 246 1: 313 6.911–23: 246 7: 146, 313–14 12.429–46: 248 7.292: 126

SUETONIUS (PSEUDO)-JULIAN Divus Iulius 10.1: 230 Letter 198: 191, 215 10.2: 228 39: 216–17, 228–9 39.1: 230 (PSEUDO)-PLUTARCH 40: 229 40.1: 230 Education of Children Divus Augustus 43.1: 229–30 7: 61 44: 230 8 (5d–e): 62 45.1: 230 9 (7a): 62 45.2: 231 11 (8b–e): 61–2 46.1: 230 98.3: 231 SENECA THE YOUNGER 98.5: 231 Nero 11.1: 232 Letters 12.3–4: 232

396 Index locorum

22–4: 232 VALERIUS FLACCUS 23–4: 184 40.4: 233 Argonautica 4.99–343: 239 Titus 7: 146 Domitianus 3.2: 233 4.1: 234 VALERIUS MAXIMUS 4.4: 219, 234 9.11, ext. 1: 245, 248 4.9: 66 6.1: 233 7.1: 233 VIRGIL 10.1: 234 11.1: 233 Aeneid 5.585: 247 12.1–2: 234 5.122: 244

TACITUS XENOPHANES Agricola 11.4: 91 IE 2.186–7: 57 Annals 14.20–21: 209–11

THUCYDIDES XENOPHON 1.6.5: 82 Symposium 9–10: 145

TYRTAIOS XENOPHON OF EPHESUS fr. 12 (IE 2.177–9): 57 Ephesiaka 1.2–3: 134

Index of inscriptions and papyri

INSCRIPTIONS I.Erythrai 81: 65 IG II/III2, 2326: 173 Augustus, Res Gestae: 229 III, 735–68, 1076–1275: 309 III, 1199: 257 Bean (1965)no.2 (pp. 588–93): 130–1, 307 V, I, 666: 307 Benedum (1977)no.1: 259 VII, 540: 68 VII, 2450: 64 Cabanes (1974)no.32: 307 = CID 2.139: 182 XIV, 1054 ( IGUR 235): 222 XIV, 1055 (=IGUR 236): 222, 223–4 CIG 3088: 65 = Clerc (1885) Face A (pp. 124–7): 179–80 XIV, 1102 ( IGUR 240): 1–7, 124–6, 168–9, 171, 224–5 = Danoff (1937)no.4: 258 XIV, 1103 ( IGUR 241): 3, 6, 224 XIV, 1104 (=IGUR 239): 3, 24, 224 EAH 1963,pp.139–41: 59 IG XIV, 1109 (= IGUR 237): 224 1984,pp.22–4: 51, 67 IGR IV, 182: 258 IV, 1252: 132 Flaceliere` (1949)no.3: 258 IGUR 250: 3, 224 F.Delphes 3.1.200: 307 I.Magnesia 17–87: 164 3.1.220: 306, 307 116: 68 180: 127 GIBM 794: 307 I.Milet. II, 500: 170 IOSPE IV, 432: 64 Hatzopoulos and Loukopoulou (1992) I.Pergamon 535: 219 K9: 310–11 I.Priene 111: 257, 308 112: 257 I.D´elos 1922–40: 309–10, 343 112–14: 68 1922: 310 118: 257 1924: 310 I.Smyrna 246: 307 1925: 310 IvO 56: 185–6 1926: 310 287: 184 I.Didyma 108: 308 319: 185 I.Eph.27: 67–8 621: 68 Kent (1966)no.153: 66 728: 68 1127: 170 Le Bas-Waddington 1620b: 169 1145: 68 1162: 254–5 Reinach (1916)no.9: 169 1161–9, 4101b: 254 Robert (1939b) 230–44: 127–30 1416: 307 (1978a) 166–8 2005: 307 Roueche(´ 1993) 66–87: 119

397

398 Index of inscriptions and papyri

74–5: 123 Tod (1951): 59, 64 89–92: 131 Tsakyroglous (1892) 198–200: 257

Worrle¨ (1988): 29, 67, 71, 164 SEG 7.825: 127 14.602: 66 27.261: 51–5, 311–12 PAPYRI SIG 3 577: 311 578: 66, 311 CPHerm. 5.7: 3 771: 50–1 P.Lond. 137: 307, 313 802: 66 1178: 306, 307 959: 65 P. O x y. 2.222: 173–4, 175–6 3.466: 314–15, 319 TAM II, 910: 133, 259–60 9.1202: 59 III.1, 199–213: 64 P. Zenon 59060: 307