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OPEN TEST 4-2520 Discussion OPEN TEST 4-2520 Discussion Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert MODERN HISTORY Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert Q2.Which among the following steps were undertaken by the Moderates to promote nationalism? 1. Organization of annual sessions with delegates participating from all parts of the country. 2. Organization of religious festivals. 3. Using press to disseminate ideas. Select the correct answer using the code given below. (a)1 and 2 only (b)2 and 3 only (c)1 and 3 only (d)1, 2 and 3 Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert Q19.With reference to the Mahad Satyagraha of1927, which of the following statements is correct? (a)It was led by Vallabhai Patel for the tribals in Gujarat. (b)It was led by Lala Lajpat Rai as a peasant movement in Punjab. (c)It was led by B.R. Ambedkar for the untouchables in Maharashtra. (d)It was led by Periyar as a temple entry movement in Kerela. Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert • Mahad satyagraha took place in 1927 in Mahad, Raigadh district of present day Maharastra. It was an anti-Brahmin movement led by B.R. Ambedkar. • The Untouchables were not allowed to use water from common water sources like tanks. • During the satyagraha, the Untouchables exercised their right to draw water from the Chavdar Tank. B.R. Ambedkar himself ceremonially took a drink of water from the tank, after which local caste Hindus rioted, and Brahmins took elaborate measure for the ritual purification of the tank. Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert Q21.Which of the following was/were the consequences of the Round Table Conferences held between 1930-32? 1. The discussions at the round table conferences eventually led to passing of Government of India Act, 1935. 2. The demand for partition of India and Pakistan was accepted. 3. Individual Satyagraha was launched after the third round table conference. Select the correct answer using the code given below. (a)1 and 2 only (b)2 and 3 only (c)1 only (d)1, 2 and 3 Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert • Round Table Conferences (1930–32) was a series of meetings in three sessions called by the British government to consider the future constitution of India. The conference resulted from a review of the Government of India Act of 1919, undertaken in 1927 by the Simon Commission, whose report was published in 1930. The conference was held in London. • The outcome of the Commission and the Conferences was the Government of India Act 1935. This Act ended the dyarchy at the provinces and introduced it at the centre. • Mountbatten Mission Plan on June 3, 1947 which provided for the creation of separate dominion of Pakistan, which came into being on 14-15 August, 1947.. • Individual Satyagraha was launched in 1941 in opposition to August Offer's proposal of granting dominion status to India, which was rejected by Indian National Congress. Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert Q45.Which among the following was not an impact of the Permanent Settlement? (a)Introduction of private property rights. (b)Huge increase in the revenue of British government. (c)Growth of new social class of middlemen . (d)Decrease in the overall productivity of land in the country. Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert • Permanent Settlement brought two new innovations in the Indian land system, one was the creation of landlordism and another was the introduction of private property rights. • According to the Permanent Land revenue settlement the Zamindars were recognised as the permanent owners of the land. Since work of Zamindars was to collect and pay revenues at time, they started doing sub-feudalization of their estate to some unofficial middlemen. Thus, a new class of unofficial middlemen also grew between the Zamindars and Peasants. • The system was responsible for the series of famines that occurred after its introduction. In the sphere of production, the system led to the separation of agricultural capital from labour engaged in the cultivation of land. The actual tiller lacked the resources to invest while the Zamindars, who had the resources, were just not interested in the improvement of land. • British government expected that with the implementation of permanent settlement the income of the company would increase tremendously but their expectations were not fulfilled. The permanent settlement could not enhance the amount of land revenue because it was inherent in the settlement that it was permanent in terms of revenue also and company could not increase a single pie even if there was rise in the produce or prices of the produce. • This was one of the reason that some British authors called the settlement a blunder as it resulted in loss of enhanced land revenue in times to come. Hence, option (b) is not correct. Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert Q58.With reference to Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Swami Vivekananda, consider the following statements: 1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy favoured individual worship while Swami Vivekananda favoured collective-congregational worship. 2. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was opposed to idol worship while Swami Vivekananda recognized its utility and value. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a)1 only (b)2 only (c)Both 1 and 2 (d)Neither 1 nor 2 Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert • The process of Indian reformation had three facets. The first was a liberal modernising phase in which reformers like Ram Mohan Roy attempted to change some of the traditional practices. The second was a rejection of all that was alien to society, and an attempt at indigenous mode of modernisation. The third was to build an alternative model of modernity which would embrace the traditional and the modern. The path chosen by Swami Vivekananda was the third. • By the end of the 19th century, almost all early social reform movements had lost much of their vigour and following. • The decline in the reform atmosphere paved the way for the emergence of a powerful spiritual leader. This void was filled by Swami Vivekananda, by initiating a movement, based on individual worship in place of collective–congregational worship which Raja Ram Mohan Roy and his contemporaries had favoured. • In August 1828, Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Sabha which was later renamed the Brahmo Samaj. The Samaj declared its opposition to idol worship and no image, statue or sculpture was allowed in the Samaj building. • The Ramakrishna Mission was founded by Swami Vivekananda in 1897, and unlike the Brahmo Samaj, it recognized the utility and value of idol worship in developing a spiritual fervour and worship of the eternal omnipotent God. Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert Q66. With reference to the leftist parties in India during the freedom struggle, consider the following pairs: Political Party Founder 1. Forward Bloc Subhash Chandra Bose 2. Revolutionary Communist Party N. Dutt Mazumdar 3. Bolshevik Party of India M N Roy Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched? (a)2 only (b)1 only (c)1 and 3 only (d)2 and 3 only Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert • The Communist movement in India served as the nursery for the growth of many minor Leftist parties. • The Forward Bloc was formed by Subhash Chandra Bose in March 1939. It accepted the creed, policy and programme of the Congress but was not bound to have confidence in the Congress High Command. It sought to rally all anti-imperialist, radical and progressive groups under one banner. • The Bolshevik Party of India was established in 1939 by N. Dutt Mazumdar, the Revolutionary Communist Party was launched by Saumyendranath Tagore in 1942 and the Bolshevik-Leninist Party was anounced in 1941 by a group of Trotskyite revolutionaries like Indra Sen and Ajit Roy. Each of these was a dissident Communist group and claimed to be the fittest party for leading the 'Indian Revolution.' Most of these parties centred around personalities and became defunct after the central figure disappeared. • M N Roy was associated with Communist Party of India (CPI) set up at Tashkent in 1920. The CPI called upon all its members to enroll themselves as members of the Congress, form a strong left-wing in all its organs, cooperate with all other radical nationalists, and make an effort to transform the Congress into a more radical mass- based organization. Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert Q74.Which of the following had an influence on the philosophy of Gandhiji? 1. H.P. Blavatsky and Theosophists 2. Pranami sect 3. Works by John Ruskin Select the correct answer using the codes given below. (a)1 and 2 only (b)3 only (c)1 and 3 only (d)1, 2 and 3 Copyright © 2016 by Vision IAS. [www.visionias.in] Subject, Topic & Expert • Option 1 is correct: Mahatma Gandhi was influenced by the words and message of H.P. Blavatsky and her mysterious Eastern Teachers who stood behind her and the Theosophical Movement. The famous motto of the Theosophical Movement is ―There is no religion higher than Truth.‖ With Theosophy and his destined 1889 meeting with Madame Blavatsky in his mind, Gandhi famously expressed it thus: ―There is no God higher than Truth.‖ • Option 2 is correct: Pranami Sect is a liberal blend of Shrimad Bhagwad Gita and Quran, Krishna and Allah and supports no caste system, no idol-worship, vegetarianism and non-violence.
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