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0 2 0 2 - Y R A U N A J Access to the Internet is a Fundamental Right Striking a balance between liberty and security AIR INDIA DISINVESTMENT Medical Termination of Pregnancy Air India Qassem Soleimani Australia Medical Termination Disinvestment Assassination Bushfires of Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill, 2020 Government to sell 100 percent stake in national carrier TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. POLITY 01 • MGNREGA: On rural jobs scheme fund crunch • Anticipatory Bail • Mobile Aided Note Identifier (MANI) App • Article 19 • National Highways Excellence Awards • Article 131 • National Startup Advisory Council • All India Judicial Service no panacea, says study • National Stock Exchange (NSE) Knowledge Hub • Democracy Index • National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI) • Foreigners Regional Registration Office (FRRO); • Paperless Licensing for Petroleum Service Stations • Forum of the Election Management Bodies of South • PF benefits should be extended to contractual Asia (FEMBoSA) employees, rules Supreme Court • National Voter’s Day (NVD) • State Energy Efficiency Index 2019 • Muslim personal law a cultural issue: AIMPLB • UJALA and SLNP • Review and Curative Petition • Web Portal ‘GATI’ • Speakers and disqualification powers • Wings India 2020 • Tele-Law • A multilateral alternative, by Asia • The Indian Constitution’s unitary tilt • RBI reopens scheme for FPI investments in debt • Needless impatience: On Centre’s plea on death row • Budgeting for jobs, skilling and economic revival convicts • IMF lowers India’s growth forecast to 4.8% • The long wait for empowered mayors • Redesigning India’s ailing data system • Death sentence for rape-murder in 2019 highest in 4 • Govt to provide Rs. 5,559 crore funding to northeast years: NLU report gas grid • The four phases of constitutional interpretation • Integrated Road Accident Database (IRAD) • A case for including Tulu in the Eighth Schedule • The need for a single energy ministry • The right to protest in a free society • State can regulate minority institutions, says Supreme 3. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 42 Court • Bolsonaro- Republic day Guest • The warp and weft of religious liberty • Broad-based Trade and Investment Agreement (BTIA) • Access to the internet is a fundamental right • Donald Trump’s peace plan for Israel and Palestine • International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruling in the 2. ECONOMY 23 Rohingya case • Air India disinvestment • Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGVs) • ARTIS (Application for Remedies in Trade for Indian • India- Australia Relations (A road map for robust trade industry and other Stakeholders) ties) • Baba Kalyani led committee- SEZ Policy Report • Jogbani-Biratnagar check post • Consumer Food Price Index (CFPI) • Kalapani border issue • Coal Mining • Libya summit • ELECRAMA • Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement • Engineering Exports Promotion Council (EEPC) • Myanmar’s growing dependence on China • Gold hallmarking being made mandatory • Raisina Dialogue • India’s no-fly list • Sagarmatha Sambaad • ‘Make in India’ • Sampriti • Bru refugees to be settled in Tripura • Shanghai Council meet • CDS and the path to jointmanship • Soft power of India still untapped • De-Radicalization (DR) • In the ruins of unilateralism • Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) • The new worry of depleting diplomatic capital • K-4 • New and Emerging Strategic Technologies (NEST) • Ministry of Defence (MoD) No Objection Certificate • India-Pak. trade freeze hits thousands: report (NOC) web portal • Qassem Soleimani Assassination • NIA takeover of Bhima Koregaon case • Saras Mk2 4. ART AND CULTURE 68 • Steel mesh to replace fences on the borders • Bharat Parv • Bharat Rang Mahotsav (BRM) 7. ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY 85 • Bibi Ka Maqbara • African cheetahs to prowl Indian forests • Bihu • Australia wildfires • Classical Languages of India • Biotechnology adoption • Indian Heritage in Digital Space • HydroChloroFluoroCarbon (HCFC)-141 b • Kabir Yatra • Irrawaddy dolphins sighted in Chilika • Madhavpur Mela • Maradu buildings destroyed • Nagoba Jatara • Re-grassing is mandatory after mining, rules SC • National Council of Science Museums (NCSM) • Waterbird census in A.P. • Patola Saree • World Sustainable Development Summit (WSDS) • Tata Vadya or Stringed Instruments (Chordophones) • 10 more wetlands in India declared as Ramsar sites • Sangeet Natak Akademi Awards (Akademi Puraskar) • India records less than 100 tiger deaths for the first time in three years • Inscriptions confirm presence of two medieval monasteries at Moghalmari • Green nod for oil, gas exploration waived • Lai Haraoba • Eastern Ghats: land-use policies, climate change hit endemic plant habitats • Mandu Festival • Kerala for steps to curb alien plants’ growth in NBR • Seke Language • Chinese paddlefish • Sangita Kalanidhi award 8. HEALTH ISSUES 99 5. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 74 • Coronavirus • Challakere to be ISRO’s astronaut training hub • Dengue • Global Drosophila Conference • National Commission for Homoeopathy Bill, 2019 • GSAT-30 • National Commission for Indian System of Medicine • Indian cobra genome mapped (NCISM) Bill, 2019. • Indian Science Congress (ISC) • Myeloma • Vyom Mitra • EVALI • Young Scientists Labs • 171 hospitals de-listed from PM’s health scheme after 6. SECURITY AND DEFENCE 78 fraud • AK-203 Assault Rifles • Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSD) 9. SOCIAL ISSUES 106 15. MISCELLANEOUS 121 • A Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill, 2020 • Krishi Karman Awards • A weak test: On Swachh ranking of cities • Mannequins to handle traffic surveillance • Preventing Mob Lynching • National Youth Festival (NYF) • Women politicians trolled more: Amnesty India • Pariksha Pe Charcha • Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar 10. GEOGRAPHY 109 • World Braille Day • Angel Falls (Salto Ángel) • Youth Co: Lab National Innovation Challenge • Mandovi River/ Mahadayi/Mhadei River • WHO has designated 2020 the International Year of the • Papagni River Nurse and the Midwife • Thirty Metre Telescope • Use of chemicals to ripen fruits amounts to poisoning consumers • Yellow Rust • New method better estimates melting of debris-covered Himalayan glaciers 15. PRACTICE QUESTIONS 124 • Heatwave effect • Taal Volcano 16. ANSWER KEYS 138 11. EDUCATION 112 17. MAINS PRACTICE QUESTIONS 141 • Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) • Deeksharambh Scheme 18. INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT 144 • Indian National Commission for Cooperation with UNESCO (INCCU) • National Educational Alliance for Technology (NEAT) • NISHTHA (National Initiative for School Heads’ and Teachers’ Holistic Advancement) • Paramarsh Scheme 12. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 115 • Operation Vanilla • Subhash Chandra Bose Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar 2020 13 HISTORY 116 • Savitribai Phule Jayanti 14. GOVERNANCE 117 • Corruption Perception Index • Indian Railway Management Service (IRMS) • National Data and Analytics Platform (NDAP) • One government proposes, the next disposes Click Here Click Here Click Here Click Here JANUARY-2020 1 POLITY 1. Anticipatory Bail • Apart from false cases, where there are reasonable Bail grounds for holding that a person accused of an offence is not likely to abscond, or otherwise misuse • ‘Bail’ refers to the process of releasing an accused his liberty while on bail, there seems no justification to charged with certain crime by ensuring his future require him first to submit to custody, remain in prison attendance in the court for trial and compelling him for some days and then apply for bail to remain within the jurisdiction of the court. Conditions while granting anticipatory bail • Bail has been defined by Black’s Law Dictionary as “the security required by a Court for the release of a 438(2) reads: “When the High Court or the Court of Session prisoner who must appear at a future time”. makes a direction under sub-section (1), it may include such conditions in such directions in the light of the facts In the 1973 case Supt. and Remembrancer of Legal Affairs of the particular case, as it may think fit, including — v. Amiya Kumar Roy Choudhry, the Calcutta High Court explained the principle behind giving bail: “The law of • a condition that the person shall make himself bails… has to dovetail two conflicting demands, namely, available for interrogation by a police officer as and when required; • On one hand, the requirements of the society for being shielded from the hazards of being exposed • a condition that the person shall not, directly or to the misadventures of a person alleged to have indirectly, make any inducement, threat or promise committed a crime; and to any person acquainted with the facts of the case so as to dissuade him from disclosing such facts to the • On the other, the fundamental canon of criminal Court or to any police officer; jurisprudence viz. the presumption of innocence of an accused till he is found guilty.” • a condition that the person shall not leave India without the previous permission of the Court; Bail is of two kinds:- Context 1. Regular bail • The Supreme Court has ruled that anticipatory bail • Regular Bail is a bail that is granted by the Court to a granted to a person “should not invariably” be limited person after he has been arrested. to a fixed period and could continue till the end of trial. 2. Anticipatory bail. • It said however that it is open for the court to limit its • It is a bail that is granted to a person, even before tenure in case of “special or peculiar features”. an arrest, in anticipation that he might be getting • Further denial of bail amounts to deprivation of the arrested