Internal Structure and Dynamics of Extragalactic Relativistic Jets
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Arxiv:1807.06205V1 [Astro-Ph.CO] 17 Jul 2018 1 Introduction2 3 the ΛCDM Model 18 2 the Sky According to Planck 3 3.1 Assumptions Underlying ΛCDM
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. ms c ESO 2018 July 18, 2018 Planck 2018 results. I. Overview, and the cosmological legacy of Planck Planck Collaboration: Y. Akrami59;61, F. Arroja63, M. Ashdown69;5, J. Aumont99, C. Baccigalupi81, M. Ballardini22;42, A. J. Banday99;8, R. B. Barreiro64, N. Bartolo31;65, S. Basak88, R. Battye67, K. Benabed57;97, J.-P. Bernard99;8, M. Bersanelli34;46, P. Bielewicz80;8;81, J. J. Bock66;10, 7 12;95 57;92 71;56;57 2;6 45;32;48 42 85 J. R. Bond , J. Borrill , F. R. Bouchet ∗, F. Boulanger , M. Bucher , C. Burigana , R. C. Butler , E. Calabrese , J.-F. Cardoso57, J. Carron24, B. Casaponsa64, A. Challinor60;69;11, H. C. Chiang26;6, L. P. L. Colombo34, C. Combet73, D. Contreras21, B. P. Crill66;10, F. Cuttaia42, P. de Bernardis33, G. de Zotti43;81, J. Delabrouille2, J.-M. Delouis57;97, F.-X. Desert´ 98, E. Di Valentino67, C. Dickinson67, J. M. Diego64, S. Donzelli46;34, O. Dore´66;10, M. Douspis56, A. Ducout57;54, X. Dupac37, G. Efstathiou69;60, F. Elsner77, T. A. Enßlin77, H. K. Eriksen61, E. Falgarone70, Y. Fantaye3;20, J. Fergusson11, R. Fernandez-Cobos64, F. Finelli42;48, F. Forastieri32;49, M. Frailis44, E. Franceschi42, A. Frolov90, S. Galeotta44, S. Galli68, K. Ganga2, R. T. Genova-Santos´ 62;15, M. Gerbino96, T. Ghosh84;9, J. Gonzalez-Nuevo´ 16, K. M. Gorski´ 66;101, S. Gratton69;60, A. Gruppuso42;48, J. E. Gudmundsson96;26, J. Hamann89, W. Handley69;5, F. K. Hansen61, G. Helou10, D. Herranz64, E. Hivon57;97, Z. Huang86, A. -
How Astronomical Objects Are Named
How Astronomical Objects Are Named Jeanne E. Bishop Westlake Schools Planetarium 24525 Hilliard Road Westlake, Ohio 44145 U.S.A. bishop{at}@wlake.org Sept 2004 Introduction “What, I wonder, would the science of astrono- use of the sky by the societies of At the 1988 meeting in Rich- my be like, if we could not properly discrimi- the people that developed them. However, these different systems mond, Virginia, the Inter- nate among the stars themselves. Without the national Planetarium Society are beyond the scope of this arti- (IPS) released a statement ex- use of unique names, all observatories, both cle; the discussion will be limited plaining and opposing the sell- ancient and modern, would be useful to to the system of constellations ing of star names by private nobody, and the books describing these things used currently by astronomers in business groups. In this state- all countries. As we shall see, the ment I reviewed the official would seem to us to be more like enigmas history of the official constella- methods by which stars are rather than descriptions and explanations.” tions includes contributions and named. Later, at the IPS Exec- – Johannes Hevelius, 1611-1687 innovations of people from utive Council Meeting in 2000, many cultures and countries. there was a positive response to The IAU recognizes 88 constel- the suggestion that as continuing Chair of with the name registered in an ‘important’ lations, all originating in ancient times or the Committee for Astronomical Accuracy, I book “… is a scam. Astronomers don’t recog- during the European age of exploration and prepare a reference article that describes not nize those names. -
The Taipan Galaxy Survey: Scientific Goals and Observing Strategy
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (PASA), Vol. 34, e047, 28 pages (2017). © Astronomical Society of Australia 2017; published by Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/pasa.2017.41 The Taipan Galaxy Survey: Scientific Goals and Observing Strategy Elisabete da Cunha1,22, Andrew M. Hopkins2, Matthew Colless1, Edward N. Taylor3, Chris Blake3, Cullan Howlett4,5, Christina Magoulas1,6, John R. Lucey7, Claudia Lagos4, Kyler Kuehn2, Yjan Gordon8, Dilyar Barat1, Fuyan Bian1, Christian Wolf1, Michael J. Cowley2,9,10, Marc White1, Ixandra Achitouv3,5, Maciej Bilicki11,12, Joss Bland-Hawthorn13, Krzysztof Bolejko13, Michael J. I. Brown14, Rebecca Brown2, Julia Bryant2,5,13, Scott Croom13, Tamara M. Davis15, Simon P. Driver4, Miroslav D. Filipovic16, Samuel R. Hinton15, Melanie Johnston-Hollitt17,18, D. Heath Jones19, Bärbel Koribalski20, Dane Kleiner20, Jon Lawrence2, Nuria Lorente2, Jeremy Mould3,MattS.Owers8,2, Kevin Pimbblet7,C.G.Tinney21, Nicholas F. H. Tothill21 and Fred Watson2 1Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia 2Australian Astronomical Observatory, 105 Delhi Rd., North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia 3Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O.Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia 4International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia 5ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), 44 Rosehill St, Redfern, NSW 2016, Australia 6Department of Astronomy, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa 7Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 8E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, UK 9Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia 10Research Centre for Astronomy, Astrophysics & Astrophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia 11Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. -
The Messenger
Brasil to join ESO The Messenger The 2nd generation VLTI instrument GRAVITY Spectroscopy of planet-forming discs Large Lyman-break galaxy survey No. 143 – No. March 143 2011 The Organisation Adriaan Blaauw, 1914–2010 In the last issue of The Messenger There follow three tributes to Adriaan Pottasch; and by Raymond Wilson, who (142, p. 51) only a brief obituary of Adriaan Blaauw: by Tim de Zeeuw, current led the Optics Group during his tenure as Blaauw, the second Director General ESO Director General; by his long-term Director General. of ESO, could be included at the time of colleague at the Kapteyn Institute, Stuart going to press. Tim de Zeeuw1 but moved to Yerkes Observatory in 1953, becoming its associate director in ESO [M] 1956, and moved back to Groningen 1 ESO in 1957, where he was in a key position to contribute to transforming the idea of Baade and Oort into reality. He was Sec- Professor Adriaan Blaauw, ESO’s sec- retary of the ESO Committee (the proto- ond Director General and one of the Council) from 1959 through 1963, a most influential astronomers of the twen- period which included the signing of the tieth century, passed away on 1 Decem- ESO Convention on 5 October 1962. ber 2010. Blaauw became ESO’s Scientific Director in 1968. In this position he also pro- Adriaan Blaauw was born in Amsterdam, vided the decisive push which led to the the Netherlands, on 12 April 1914. He creation of Astronomy and Astrophysics, studied astronomy at Leiden University, which successfully combined and under de Sitter, Hertzsprung and Oort, replaced the various individual national and obtained his doctorate (cum laude) journals for astronomy, and today is with van Rhijn at the Kapteyn Laboratory one of the leading astronomy research in Groningen in 1946. -
Multiplicity of Galactic Cepheids and RR Lyrae Stars from Gaia DR2 I
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. DR2-binaries-1-v5r1 c ESO 2019 March 12, 2019 Multiplicity of Galactic Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars from Gaia DR2 I. Binarity from proper motion anomaly? Pierre Kervella1, Alexandre Gallenne2, Nancy Remage Evans3, Laszlo Szabados4, Frédéric Arenou5, Antoine Mérand6, Yann Proto7; 1, Paulina Karczmarek8, Nicolas Nardetto9, Wolfgang Gieren10, and Grzegorz Pietrzynski11 1 LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France, e-mail: [email protected]. 2 European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Casilla 19001, Santiago, Chile. 3 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, MS 4, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. 4 Konkoly Observatory, MTA CSFK, Konkoly Thege M. út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary. 5 GEPI, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92190 Meudon, France. 6 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany. 7 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 15 parvis René Descartes, 69342 Lyon, France. 8 Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478, Warsaw, Poland. 9 Université Côte d’Azur, OCA, CNRS, Lagrange, France 10 Universidad de Concepción, Departamento de Astronomía, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile. 11 Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bartycka 18, PL-00-716 Warszawa, Poland Received ; Accepted ABSTRACT Context. Classical Cepheids (CCs) and RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are important classes of variable stars used as standard candles to estimate galactic and extragalactic distances. Their multiplicity is imperfectly known, particularly for RRLs. Astoundingly, to date only one RRL has convincingly been demonstrated to be a binary, TU UMa, out of tens of thousands of known RRLs. -
Implementing the Gaia Astrometric Solution
Implementing the Gaia Astrometric Solution William O’Mullane Aquesta tesi doctoral està subjecta a la llicència Reconeixement 3.0. Espanya de Creative Commons. Esta tesis doctoral está sujeta a la licencia Reconocimiento 3.0. España de Creative Commons. This doctoral thesis is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0. Spain License. Implementing the Gaia Astrometric Solution prepared by: William O’Mullane supervised by: Xavier Luri, Lennart Lindegren reference: GAIA-C3-CP-ESAC-WOM-007-02 issue: 02 revision: 0 date: 2012-05-15 status: Issued Abstract: An in depth look at the Astrometric Global Iterative Solution (AGIS). This document details the algorithms in AGIS and examines them from several per- spectives. It is argued that they are adequate and probably the best, if not only, approach to making an astrometric solution for Gaia data. Translation of the system of equations to an actual computer infrastructure is a non trivial task. This is the area the author has most experience in and is dealt with in some detail forming the main original content of this thesis. Some initial results us- ing simulation data are presented to demonstrate how the system operates and removes specific effects from the data set within an acceptable time frame. For my pal who ran around the world at my side. My wife, my support, my love Ranpal. Resumen de la tesis: Implementacion´ de AGIS Esta tesis presenta el marco numerico´ y computacional para la solucion´ astrometrica´ Gaia. Tambien´ cubre las consideraciones astrof´ısicas relativas a la solucion´ y los aspec- tos relacionados con la gestion´ de la implementacion´ de un sistema tan complejo. -
Esa Achievements
ESA-AchieveCOVER 8/1/05 1:58 PM Page 1 BR-250 BR-250 ESA ACHIEVEMENTS more than thirty years of pioneering space activity ESA-Achieve 8/1/05 1:56 PM Page 1 BR-250 June 2005 more than thirty years of pioneering space activity Andrew Wilson ESA-Achieve 8/1/05 1:56 PM Page 2 Foreword 4 Envisat 220 Introduction 8 MSG 230 Integral 236 Europa 46 Mars Express 244 ESRO-2 50 SMART-1 254 ESRO-1 52 Rosetta 260 HEOS 54 Sloshsat 272 TD-1 58 ESRO-4 60 Coming Launches Cos-B 62 CryoSat 274 Geos 66 Venus Express 278 OTS 70 Galileo 284 ISEE-2 74 Metop 292 Meteosat 76 ATV 298 IUE 82 GOCE 304 Ariane-1/2/3/4 86 Columbus 310 Marecs 94 SMOS 324 Sirio-2 98 Proba-2 330 Contents Exosat 100 Planck 332 ECS 104 Herschel 338 Spacelab 108 Vega 344 Giotto 114 ERA 348 Olympus 120 ADM-Aeolus 352 Hipparcos 124 LISA Pathfinder 356 FOC/HST 128 Swarm 358 Ulysses 134 JWST 362 BR-250 “ESA Achievements (3rd edition)” ERS 144 Gaia 366 Eureca 152 BepiColombo 372 ISBN 92-9092-493-4 ISSN 0250-1589 ISO 156 EarthCARE 378 Compiled/ Andrew Wilson, SOHO 160 LISA 380 written by: ESA Publications Division Ariane-5 168 Solar Orbiter 384 Published by: ESA Publications Division, Cluster 182 ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands Huygens 188 Chronologies 388 TeamSat 200 Acronyms & 398 Design by: Leigh Edwards & Abbreviations Andrew Wilson ARD 202 XMM-Newton 206 Index 400 Price: €30 Artemis 210 © European Space Agency 2005 Proba-1 216 2 3 ESA-Achieve 8/1/05 1:56 PM Page 4 It is a privilege to be part of an organisation with such a rich heritage and exciting The second priority is Exploration. -
Arxiv:1607.00027V1 [Astro-Ph.SR] 30 Jun 2016
Stellar clusters: benchmarks of stellar physics and galactic evolution - EES2015 E. Moraux, Y. Lebreton, and C. Charbonnel (eds.) EAS Publications Series, Vol. (tbd), 2016 OPEN CLUSTERS AND ASSOCIATIONS IN THE GAIA ERA Estelle Moraux1; 2 Abstract. Open clusters and associations are groups of young stars, re- spectively bound and unbound, that share the same origin and disperse over time into the galactic field. As such, their formation and evolution are the key to understand the origin and properties of galactic stellar populations. Moreover, since their members have about the same age, they are ideal laboratories to study the properties of young stars and constrain stellar evolution theories. In this contribution, I present our current knowledge on open clus- ters and associations. I focus on the methods used to derive the sta- tistical properties (IMF, spatial distribution, IMF) of young stars and briefly discuss how they depend on the environment. I then describe how open clusters can be used as probes to investigate the structure, dynamics and chemical composition of the Milky Way. I conclude by presenting the Gaia mission and discuss how it will revolutionize this field of research. 1 Introduction It is commonly said that stars form in \clusters". However it would be more correct to say that stars form in groups with N = 10 to 105 and a disctinction should be made between young open clusters and associations. While both of them correspond to physically associated groups of population I stars, sharing the same origin and moving together through the Galaxy, a cluster is gravitationally bound and an association is not. -
"First Light" in the NTT R
No. 56 - June 1989 "First Light" in the NTT R. WILSON, ESO On the night 22-23 March 1989, "First Light" was achieved in the NlT in the sense that the first direct images of astronomical objects were produced with the optics in an optimized state near the zenith position. The fact that the quality of these im- ages turned out to be the best ever ' recorded in ground-based astronomy certainly made it the most memorable event in the ESO career of the author and his colleagues whose work on the NTT had led to this remarkable success. But this result did not drop out of the sky! Many years of hard work by a small group of dedicated colleagues were necessary to achieve it. The principal new technology feature of the N7T was its Active Optics control system, the background and principles of which were described in The Messenger No. 53 (September 1988), page 1. The i other new technology feature of funda- mental importance for the optical quality was the design of the building. Although its basic concept is the same as that of the MMT (a building rotating with the alt- az mounted telescope), the new I features were crucial, particularly the opening of the telescope area on both sides to allow maximum natural ventila- tion. These two new technology features, together with the excellent work of Carl Zeiss in figuring the optics, were the key to the image quality achieved at First Light. The Basic ("Passive") Alignment of the Optics This false-colour photo shows one of the best CCD frames obtained with the ESO NTduring the night of "first light" on March 23, 1989.