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Çàïîâ²äíà Ñïðàâà  Óêðà¯Í² ISSN 17297184 ÇÀÏβÄÍÀ ÑÏÐÀÂÀ  ÓÊÐÀ¯Í² ðîçóì³þ÷è îáåð³ãàòè intelligendo prohibere Òîì 17 Âèïóñê 1-2 2011 ÊȯÂÑÜÊÈÉ ÍÀÖ²ÎÍÀËÜÍÈÉ ÓͲÂÅÐÑÈÒÅÒ ³ì. ÒÀÐÀÑÀ ØÅÂ×ÅÍÊÀ ÊÀͲÂÑÜÊÈÉ ÏÐÈÐÎÄÍÈÉ ÇÀÏβÄÍÈÊ Ðåäàêö³éíà êîëåã³ÿ: ïðîô. ä.á.í. Ò.Ë. Àíäð³ºíêî-Ìàëþê, ê.á.í. Â.Ì. Ãðèùåíêî (çàñò. ãîë. ðåäàêòîðà), ïðîô. ä.ã.í. Ì.Ä. Ãðîäçèíñüêèé, ÷ë.-êîð. ÍÀÍÓ ïðîô. ä.á.í. ß.Ï. ijäóõ, ÷ë.-êîð. ÍÀÍÓ ïðîô. ä.á.í. ².Ã. ªìåëüÿíîâ, ïðîô. ä.á.í. ².Þ. Êîñò³êîâ, ÷ë.-êîð. ÓÀÀÍ ïðîô. ä.á.í. Ì.Ì. Ìóñ³ºíêî, ïðîô. ä.ã.í. Î.Ã. Îáîäîâñüêèé, ïðîô. ä.á.í. Â.À. Ñîëîìàõà, ïðîô. ä.ã.í. Â.Â. Ñòåöþê, ïðîô. ä.ã.í. Â.Ê. Õ³ëü÷åâñüêèé, ê.á.í. Ì.Ã. ×îðíèé (ãîë. ðåäàêòîð), ê.á.í. Â.Ë. Øåâ÷èê, àêàä. ÍÀÍÓ ïðîô. ä.á.í. Þ.Ð. Øåëÿã-Ñîñîíêî, ÷ë.-êîð. ÀÏÍ ä.ã.í. Ï.Ã. Øèùåíêî, ïðîô. ä.á.í. Ã.É. Ùåðáàê, ê.á.í. ª.Ä. ßáëîíîâñüêà-Ãðèùåíêî (â³äïîâ. ñåêðåòàð). Êîìï'þòåðíèé ìàêåò ª.Ä. ßáëîíîâñüêà-Ãðèùåíêî, Â.Ì. Ãðèùåíêî Îáêëàäèíêà ª.Ä. ßáëîíîâñüêà-Ãðèùåíêî Àäðåñà ðåäàêö³¿: Address: Êàí³âñüêèé ïðèðîäíèé Kaniv Nature Reserve çàïîâ³äíèê, 19000 Kaniv ì. Êàí³â, Ukraine 19000, ×åðêàñüêà îáë. e-mail: [email protected] http://zsu2.tripod.com/ NATURE RESERVES IN UKRAINE Volume 17 Issue 1-2 2011 Çàòâåðäæåíî äî äðóêó â÷åíîþ ðàäîþ Êàí³âñüêîãî ïðèðîäíîãî çàïîâ³äíèêà (ïðîòîêîë ¹ 2 â³ä 12.09.2011 ð.). Æóðíàë çàðåºñòðîâàíî ̳í³ñòåðñòâîì ³íôîðìàö³¿ Óêðà¿íè. Ðåºñòðàö³éíå ñâ³òîöòâî ÊÂ3014. Âèäàºòüñÿ ç 1995 ð. © "Çàïîâ³äíà ñïðàâà â Óêðà¿í³", 2011 © Êàí³âñüêèé ïðèðîäíèé çàïîâ³äíèê, 2011 © "Nature Reserves in Ukraine", 2011 © Kaniv Nature Reserve, 2011 ÇÀÃÀËÜͲ ÏÈÒÀÍÍß ÇÀÏβÄÍί ÑÏÐÀÂÈ ÏÅ×ÅÐÈ ÏÐÈÐÎÄÍÎ-ÇÀÏβÄÍÎÃÎ ÔÎÍÄÓ ÒÀ ¯Õ ÂÈÊÎÐÈÑÒÀÍÍß Â.². Ãåòüìàí Äåïàðòàìåíò çàïîâ³äíî¿ ñïðàâè ̳íïðèðîäè CAVES OF NATURE RESERVES A ND THEIRS USE. Hetman V.I. - Nature Reserves in Ukraine. 17 (1): 1-6. - Problem of caves use and reservation in Ukraine is discussed. Two ways are proposed. There are absolute reservation and limited use after accomplishment of part of cave. Last way is in need of recreation monitoring and reservation of other parts of cave. Keywords: caves, nature reserves, cave use. ÏÅ×ÅÐÈ ÏÐÈÐÎÄÍÎ-ÇÀÏβÄÍÎÃÎ ÔÎÍÄÓ ÒÀ ¯Õ ÂÈÊÎÐÈÑÒÀÍÍß. Ãåòüìàí Â.². - Çàïîâ³äíà ñïðàâà â Óêðà¿í³. 17 (1): 1-6. - Ðîçãëÿäàþòüñÿ ïðîáëåìè çáåðåæåííÿ òà âèêîðèñòàííÿ ïå÷åð íà òåðèòî𳿠Óêðà¿íè. Íàéêðàùèì ââàæàºòüñÿ ¿õ ïîâíå çàïîâ³äàííÿ àáî îáìåæåíå âèêîðèñòàííÿ ï³ñëÿ áëàãîóñòðîþ, ÿêå äîçâîëÿº êîíòðîëþâàòè ðåêðåàö³éíå íàâàíòàæåííÿ ³ çáåð³ãàòè ïðèðîäíèé (çàïîâ³äíèé) ðåæèì õîäó ïðèðîäíèõ ïðîöåñ³â íà òåðèòî𳿠ïå÷åðè çà ìåæàìè åêñêóð- ñ³éíî¿ çîíè. Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ïå÷åðè, îõîðîíà, âèêîðèñòàííÿ. ÏÅÙÅÐÛ ÏÐÈÐÎÄÍÎ-ÇÀÏÎÂÅÄÍÎÃÎ ÔÎÍÄÀ È ÈÕ ÈÑÏÎËÜÇÎÂÀÍÈÅ. Ãåòüìàí Â.È. - Çàïîâ³äíà ñïðàâà â Óêðà¿í³. 17 (1): 1-6. - Ðàññìàòðèâàþòñÿ ïðîáëåìû îõðàíû è èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ïåùåð íà òåððèòîðèè Óêðàèíû. Íàèëó÷øèì ñ÷èòàåòñÿ ëèáî ïîëíîå èõ çàïîâåäàíèå, ëèáî îãðàíè÷åííîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå ïîñëå áëàãîóñòðîéñòâà, êîòîðîå ïîçâîëÿåò êîíòðîëèðîâàòü ðåêðåàöèîííóþ íàãðóçêó è ñîõðàíÿòü çàïîâåäíûé ðåæèì íà òåððèòîðèè ïåùåðû çà ïðåäåëàìè ýêñêóðñèîí- íîé çîíû. Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: ïåùåðû, îõðàíà, èñïîëüçîâàíèå. Çàðóá³æíà ³ â³ò÷èçíÿíà ïðàêòèêà çáåðåæåííÿ ãåîëî- Ãåîëîãî-ãåîìîðôîëîã³÷íà áóäîâà, ÿê ïåðøîîñíîâà ãî-ãåîìîðôîëîã³÷íèõ îáºêò³â ñâ³ä÷èòü, ùî íàé÷àñò³øå ðîçâèòêó êàðñòîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â, âèçíà÷ຠãåîãðàô³þ êàð- âîíè ïðåäñòàâëåí³ íåâåëèêèìè çà ïëîùåþ ïðèðîäíî- ñòîâèõ ïå÷åð. Íàéá³ëüø øèðîêî âîíè ïðåäñòàâëåí³ â óð- çàïîâ³äíèìè òåðèòîð³ÿìè òèïó ïàìÿòîê ïðèðîäè àáî ñüêîìó Êðèìó, Óêðà¿íñüêèõ Êàðïàòàõ òà â îêðåìèõ ðåã³î- çàêàçíèê³â. Íàé÷àñò³øå öå ñêåë³, ïå÷åðè, êàíüéîíè òà íàõ ð³âíèííî¿ Óêðà¿íè. ³íø³ ãåîëîã³÷í³ ïàìÿòêè ïðèðîäè.  Óêðà¿í³ ö³íí³ ñïåëåî- Ó Êðèìñüêèõ ãîðàõ êàðñòîâ³ ïðîöåñè ³íòåíñèâíî ðîç- êàðñòîâ³ óòâîðåííÿ, ùî îòðèìàëè ñòàòóñ òåðèòîð³é ïðè- âèâàþòüñÿ ó âàïíÿêàõ ÿéëèíñüêèõ ìàñèâ³â. Êàðñòîâ³ ôîð- ðîäíî-çàïîâ³äíîãî ôîíäó, âõîäÿòü äî êàòåãîð³é êàðñòî- ìè ðåëüºôó ïðåäñòàâëåí³ ïîë³ÿìè, âàííàìè, ïîíîðàìè, âî-ñïåëåîëîã³÷íèõ, çàãàëüíîãåîëîã³÷íèõ ³ ã³äðîëîã³÷íèõ êîëîäÿçÿìè, øàõòàìè, ïå÷åðàìè òîùî. Ïîøèðåííÿ êàð- çàêàçíèê³â, ãåîëîã³÷íèõ ïàìÿòîê ïðèðîäè çàãàëüíîäåð- ñòîâèõ ÿâèù íà ÿéëàõ çóìîâëþº ìàéæå ïîâíó â³äñóòí³ñòü æàâíîãî ³ ì³ñöåâîãî çíà÷åííÿ (òàáë. 1). ª âîíè ³ â ìåæàõ äæåðåë ïèòíî¿ âîäè òà ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîäîòîê³â. íàö³îíàëüíèõ ïðèðîäíèõ ïàðê³â, ïðèðîäíèõ ³ á³îñôåð- óðñüêèé Êðèì ïîñ³äຠïåðøå ì³ñöå íà ªâðàç³éñüêî- íèõ çàïîâ³äíèê³â. Õî÷à ç óñ³õ 7740 òåðèòîð³é òà îáºêò³â ìó ìàòåðèêó çà ê³ëüê³ñòþ âèÿâëåíèõ êàðñòîâèõ ïå÷åð. ÏÇÔ Óêðà¿íè (ñòàíîì íà 01.01.2011) êàðñòîâî-ñïåëåîëî- Òóò íà ïëîù³ â îäíó òèñÿ÷ó êâàäðàòíèõ ê³ëîìåòð³â (çîêðå- ã³÷íèõ çàêàçíèê³â ëèøå 3 (íàâ³òü óðñüêèé êàðñò Êðè- ìà, íà ÿéë³ ×àòèðäàã) â³äîìî ïîíàä 800 ïå÷åð òà ³íøèõ ìó çàêàçíèê çàãàëüíîãåîëîã³÷íèé). ï³äçåìíèõ ïîðîæíèí, äîâæèíîþ â äåñÿòêè ê³ëîìåòð³â ³ Ó ñïåëåîëî㳿 ïå÷åðàìè íàçèâàþòü ï³äçåìí³ ïîðîæ- ãëèáèíîþ äî 500 ìåòð³â. Äëÿ â³äâ³äóâàííÿ åêîòóðèñòàìè íèíè, çà ðîçì³ðàìè äîñòóïí³ äëÿ ïðîíèêíåííÿ â íèõ ëþ- îáëàäíàíî ÷îòèðè: Ìàðìóðîâà òà Åì³íå Áà³ð Õîñàð íà äèíè. Ïðè öüîìó äîâæèíà ïå÷åðè ïåðåâèùóº ¿¿ øèðèíó òåðèòî𳿠Êðèìñüêîãî ïðèðîäíîãî çàïîâ³äíèêà, Òðüîõ- ïðè âõîä³. Âèä³ëÿþòü 27 ãåíåòè÷íèõ òèï³â ïå÷åð, 21 ç íèõ ãëàçêà íà òåðèòî𳿠ßëòèíñüêîãî ã³ðñüêî-ë³ñîâîãî ïðè- ìàþòü ÷èñòî ïðèðîäíå ïîõîäæåííÿ. Îäíàê, íåçâàæàþ- ðîäíîãî çàïîâ³äíèêà ³ ×åðâîí³ ïå÷åðè Êèçèë-Êîáà, ÿê³ º ÷è íà òàêå ãåíåòè÷íå ð³çíîìàí³òòÿ, ìàéæå 90 % ç óñ³õ ãåîëîã³÷íîþ ïàìÿòêîþ ïðèðîäè çàãàëüíîäåðæàâíîãî â³äîìèõ ïå÷åð â³äíîñÿòüñÿ äî íàéïîøèðåí³øîãî òèïó çíà÷åííÿ ïëîùåþ 33 ãà (çíàõîäèòüñÿ íåäàëåêî ñ. Ïåðå- êàðñòîâîãî. Êð³ì ïðèðîäíèõ ³ñíóþòü ³ ðóêîòâîðí³ ïå÷å- âàëüíå ѳìôåðîïîëüñüêîãî ðàéîíó). ðè (ïðèì³ðîì, Ëàâðñüê³, Çâ³ðèíåöüê³ ó ì. Êèºâ³, àáî äî- ×åðâîí³ ïå÷åðè Êèçèë-Êîáà îäíà ç íàéá³ëüøèõ â ëîì³òîâ³ øòîëüí³ íà Çàêàðïàòò³), ùî âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ, Óêðà¿í³ ñèñòåì ñóõèõ òà îáâîäíåíèõ êàðñòîâèõ ïå÷åð, íàïðèêëàä, ó ñàêðàëüíèõ àáî âèðîáíè÷èõ ö³ëÿõ. äîâæèíîþ 12 êì. Òóò áàãàòî ãîðèçîíòàëüíèõ (6 ïîâåðõ³â) Ó ð³çí³ ÷àñè ïå÷åðè ñëóãóâàëè æèòëîì, ñõîâàíêàìè, òà âåðòèêàëüíèõ ïðîõîä³â ç îðèã³íàëüíèìè íàò³÷íèìè ñàêðàëüíèìè ì³ñöÿìè òîùî (òàáë. 2). Ïðè÷îìó ñë³äè óòâîðåííÿìè, ï³äçåìíèìè îçåðàìè òà ð³÷êîþ. ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ëþäèíè ìîæóòü çóñòð³÷àòèñÿ ó íàéíåñïîä³âà- Íà îêîëèöÿõ ì. Àëóøòà çíàõîäèòüñÿ íàéãëèáøà â í³øèõ ì³ñöÿõ. Òàê, ó óðñüêîìó Êðèìó, íà ìàñèâ³ Êàðà- Êðèìó êàðñòîâà øàõòà Ñîëäàòñüêà (500 ì) òåæ ãåîëîã³÷- á³-ÿéëà, ó âåðòèêàëüí³é øàõò³ íà ãëèáèí³ 20 ì âèÿâëåí³ íà ïàìÿòêà ïðèðîäè çàãàëüíîäåðæàâíîãî çíà÷åííÿ, ïëî- äðåâí³ ñîëÿðí³ çíàêè. ùåþ 10 ãà. Çàïîâ³äíà ñïðàâà â Óêðà¿í³. Òîì 17. Âèïóñê 1-2. 2011. Òàáëèöÿ 1. Ïå÷åðè ³ êàòàêîìáè Óêðà¿íè Íàçâà ̳ñöåçíàõîäæåííÿ Çåìëåêîðèñòóâà÷ Êîðîòêà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà Âèêîðèñòàííÿ (çåìëåâëàñíèê) Àâòîíîìíà Ðåñïóáë³êà Êðèì Ìàðìóðîâà Êðèìñüêèé ïðèðîä- Êðèìñüêèé ïðèðîä- íèé çàïîâ³äíèê íèé çàïîâ³äíèê Åì³íå Áà³ð Õîñàð Êðèìñüêèé ïðèðîä- Êðèìñüêèé ïðèðîä- íèé çàïîâ³äíèê íèé çàïîâ³äíèê Òðüîõãëàçêà ßëòèíñüêèé ã³ðñüêî- ßëòèíñüêèé ã³ðñüêî- ë³ñîâèé ïðèðîäíèé ë³ñîâèé ïðèðîäíèé çàïîâ³äíèê çàïîâ³äíèê Êèçèë-Êîáà Ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. Ñêåëüñüêà Ëàíäøàôò. çàêàçíèê Ìîæå âèêîðèñò. â ðå- çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. êðåàö³éíèõ ³ êóëüòóð- Áàéäàðñüêèé íî-ï³çíàâàëüíèõ ö³ëÿõ ²âàíî-Ôðàíê³âñüêà îáëàñòü Ñêåë³ Äîâáóøà Ïîáë. ñ. Áóáíèùå Áîëåõ³â. äåðæë³ñãîñï Êîìïëåêñ. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè ³äâ³äóâàííÿ åêî- Áîëåõ³â. ì³ñüê. ðàäè çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. òóðèñòàìè Çàêàðïàòñüêà îáëàñòü Ìîëî÷íèé êàì³íü Êàðïàòñüêèé á³îñôåðí. çàïîâ³äí. (ÊÁÇ),Ëóæàíñüêî-Óãîëüñüêà ä³ëÿíêà ×óð ÊÁÇ, Ëóæàíñüêî-Óãîëüñüêà ä³ëÿíêà Ðîìàí³ÿ ÊÁÇ, Ëóæàíñüêî-Óãîëüñüêà ä³ëÿíêà Ãðåá³íü ÊÁÇ, Ëóæàíñüêî-Óãîëüñüêà ä³ëÿíêà ×åðí³âåöüêà îáëàñòü Ïîïåëþøêà Íîâîñåëèöüêèé ð-í, Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè á³ëÿ ñ. Ïîäâ³ðíå çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. Áóêîâèí(ê)à Íîâîñåëèöüêèé ð-í, Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè á³ëÿ ñ. Ñòàëüí³âö³ çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. (òðèïîâåðõîâèé ëàá³ðèíò) ϳîíåðêà Çàñòàâí³âñüêèé ð-í, Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè ïîáë. ñ. Ïîãîð³ë³âêà çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. Áàëàìóò³âñüêà Çàñòàâí³âñüêèé ð-í, Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè ïîáë. ñ. Áàëàìóò³âêà çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. Õìåëüíèöüêà îáëàñòü Àòëàíòèäà Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè  òåêñò³ çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. Ìàëèøêà-Êèÿíêà Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè  òåêñò³ ì³ñöåâîãî çíà÷. Òåðíîï³ëüñüêà îáëàñòü Îïòèì³ñòè÷íà Áîðù³âñüêèé ð-í, ×îðòê³âñüêèé Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè Ìîæå âèêîðèñò. äëÿ ñ. Êîðîë³âêà, äåðæë³ñãîñï çàãàëüíîäåðæ. çíà÷. â³äâ³ä. îêðåì. íàóêîâ. Íàääí³ñòðÿí. ë³ñíèöòâî òà ãð. äîñâ³ä. ñïåëåîëîã. Îçåðíà Áîðù³âñüêèé ð-í, Êîðîë³âñüêà  òåêñò³  òåêñò³ ñ. Ñòð³ëê³âö³ ñ³ëüñüêà ðàäà Êðèøòàëåâà Áîðù³âñüêèé ð-í, Òåðíîï³ëüñüêèé îáë.  òåêñò³  òåêñò³ ñ. Êðèâ÷å êîìóí. öåíòð òóðèçìó, êðàºçíàâñòâà, ñïîðòó... Âåðòåáà Áîðù³âñüêèé ð-í, Á³ëü÷å-Çîëîòåöüêà  òåêñò³  òåêñò³ ñ. Á³ëü÷å-Çîëîòå ñ³ëüñüêà ðàäà Ìëèíêè ×îðòê³âñüêèé ð-í, Çàë³ñÿíñüêà  òåêñò³  òåêñò³ ñ. Çàë³ññÿ ñ³ëüñüêà ðàäà Þâ³ëåéíà Áîðù³âñüêèé ð-í, Ñàïîã³âñüêà Ïðîòÿæí³ñòü ã³ïñîâ. ëàá³ðèí- Ìîæå âèêîðèñò. äëÿ îêîë. ñ. Ñàïîã³â ñ³ëüñüêà ðàäà ò³â 1,5 êì â³äâ³ä. îêðåì. íàóêîâ. òà ãð. äîñâ³ä. ñïåëåîë. Ïåðëèíà Ãóñÿòèíñüêèé ð-í, Ïðèðîäíèé  òåêñò³ Ìîæå âèêîðèñò. äëÿ ñ. Êðóòèë³â, çàïîâ³äíèê â³äâ³ä. îêðåì. íàóêîâ. Êðàñíÿíñüêå ë-âî Ìåäîáîðè òà ãð. äîñâ³ä. ñïåëåîëîã. 2 Çàïîâ³äíà ñïðàâà â Óêðà¿í³. Òîì 17. Âèïóñê 1-2. 2011. Ïðîäîâæåííÿ òàáëèö³ 1. Íàçâà ̳ñöåçíàõîäæåííÿ Çåìëåêîðèñòóâà÷ Êîðîòêà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà Âèêîðèñòàííÿ (çåìëåâëàñíèê) Ëüâ³âñüêà îáëàñòü Ñòðàä÷àíñüêà ßâîð³âñüêèé ð-í, Êîìïëåêñ. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè  òåêñò³ ñ. Ñòðàä÷ ì³ñöåâîãî çíà÷. Ìåäîâà ïå÷åðà Ñõ³äíà îêîë. ì. Ëüâîâà Ãåîëîã. ïàìÿò. ïðèðîäè ì³ñöåâ. çíà÷. Ñêåëÿ ç òðüîìà Áîðèíèöüêå ë³ñíèöòâî Êîìïëåêñíà ïàìÿò.
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  • (Insecta) a Mátra És Tarnavidék Területéről
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