Come See 12 Great Films

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Come See 12 Great Films 12 GREAT FILMS! Hollywood may be in America, but it is not entirely an American invention. You are invited to view the films of “GER/FINE 359: German Directors in Hollywood”, a University of Waterloo Winter Term 2007 course that showcases the work of 5 German directors who made great films in both Germany and America. Anyone who enjoys a good movie will enjoy these screen gems! } All films are in English or with English subtitles } Screenings at Rod Coutts Hall (RCH), Room 301, University of Waterloo } Showtime: Tuesdays at 6:30pm } Admission is free, and EVERYONE IS WELCOME! Phantom (1922, F. Murnau, 125 minutes) – An early Murnau film based on a Hauptmann novel. Jan. 9 Obsession, class barriers, desire, ambition – this film has it all. And in a beautifully restored version that reminds us how wonderful silent films were. Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927, F. Murnau, 95 minutes) – A simple country man wants to Jan. 16 murder his wife, but can’t: he loves her too much! Winner of the first Oscar for Best Actress (Janet Gaynor). M (1931, F. Lang, 110 minutes) – A child murderer is loose in the city. Lang’s first talkie, this film Jan. 23 demonstrates how important sound can be in a film. And the shadows are everywhere! Hangmen Also Die (1943, F. Lang, 134 minutes) – Bertolt Brecht teams up with Lang to indict Jan. 30 Nazism. But it’s really just another detective film in Lang’s film noir style, only this time the mobsters are the Nazi occupiers of Czechoslovakia. La Habanera (1937, D. Sierck, 100 minutes) – Starring the incomparable songstress Zarah Leander. A Swedish woman marries poorly and moves to the Caribbean. Can her childhood Feb. 6 friend, now a renowned doctor, save her from a cruel husband and a mysterious epidemic? An early example of Sierck’s melodramatic flair, and Leander’s songs don’t disappoint! All that Heaven Allows (1957, D. Sirk, 89 minutes) – Sierck may have changed his name to Sirk after moving to America, but the melodrama hasn’t changed, though now it’s filmed in glorious Feb. 13 Technicolor! Starring a dreamy Rock Hudson, this film will transport you back to the idyll that was 1950s America. Far From Heaven (2002, T. Haynes, 107 minutes) – A remake of All that Heaven Allows starring Feb. 27 Julianne Moore and Dennis Quaid. A modern treatment of the age-old story of forbidden love. Das Boot (1981, W. Petersen, 149 minutes) – One of the most gripping war films ever made. Mar. 6 Join the crew of the German submarine U-96 on its futile voyage. You’ll gain a new appreciation for just how hard life in a U-Boot was. In the Line of Fire (1993, W. Petersen, 128 minutes) – The film that helped resurrect Clint Mar. 13 Eastwood’s career. An aging Secret Service agent, Clint must protect the President from an absolutely crazy John Malkovich. Paris, Texas (1984, W. Wenders, 147 minutes) – In a reversal, we start with a German director’s Mar. 20 American film breakthrough. A man with amnesia recovers his memory, and in so doing takes a look into the American soul. Der Himmel über Berlin/Wings of Desire (1987, W. Wenders, 127 minutes) – A lyrical story about Mar. 27 an angel who decides he’d rather be human, and the trapeze artist who loves him. Probably Wenders’ best film. A Special Mystery Movie! A classic American film that is indebted to German influences. Starring Apr. 3 one of the most alluring actresses in film history! For more information, contact Prof. James Skidmore: 519.888.4567, x33687 / [email protected] .
Recommended publications
  • Art Directors Guild Film Society and American Cinematheque Salute Production Designer Rolf Zehetbauer with “Das Boot” (1981) Screening / Panel
    Art Directors Guild Film Society and American Cinematheque Salute Production Designer Rolf Zehetbauer With “Das Boot” (1981) Screening / Panel August 21, 5:30 p.m. Egyptian Theatre LOS ANGELES, August 8th, 2011 — The Art Directors Guild (ADG) Film Society and American Cinematheque will spotlight Das Boot AKA The Boat (1981) with a special 30th anniversary screening of the remastered director’s cut on Sunday, August 21 at 5:30 p.m. at the Egyptian Theatre (6712 Hollywood Boulevard, Hollywood). The film, designed by Award winning Production Designer Rolf Zehetbauer (Cabaret, The NeverEnding Story ) is the fourth in this year’s series highlighting the work of renowned Production Designers and their creative colleagues. A discussion will follow, enlightening the audience about the unique challenges of filming Das Boot, a wartime action film, nearly all of which takes place inside the claustrophobic interior of a German U-Boat, or WW2 submarine. Production Designer John Muto will host a panel that will include an expert on submarine warfare provided by the U.S. Navy. For information: http://www.americancinemathequecalendar.com/content/das-boot-0 Possibly one of the best-known German films of all time, Das Boot (1981), directed by Wolfgang Petersen, is based on the novel by Lothar Günther Buccheim and carries a strong anti-war message, drawn from the experiences of Second World War veterans in one of Germany’s infamous U-boat submarines. Nominated for six Oscars, the film stars Jürgen Prochnow, Herbert Grönemeyer and Klaus Wennermann in the fictional story of a U-96 and its crew patrolling the waters during World War II.
    [Show full text]
  • Homer's Iliad Via the Movie Troy (2004)
    23 November 2017 Homer’s Iliad via the Movie Troy (2004) PROFESSOR EDITH HALL One of the most successful movies of 2004 was Troy, directed by Wolfgang Petersen and starring Brad Pitt as Achilles. Troy made more than $497 million worldwide and was the 8th- highest-grossing film of 2004. The rolling credits proudly claim that the movie is inspired by the ancient Greek Homeric epic, the Iliad. This was, for classical scholars, an exciting claim. There have been blockbuster movies telling the story of Troy before, notably the 1956 glamorous blockbuster Helen of Troy starring Rossana Podestà, and a television two-episode miniseries which came out in 2003, directed by John Kent Harrison. But there has never been a feature film announcing such a close relationship to the Iliad, the greatest classical heroic action epic. The movie eagerly anticipated by those of us who teach Homer for a living because Petersen is a respected director. He has made some serious and important films. These range from Die Konsequenz (The Consequence), a radical story of homosexual love (1977), to In the Line of Fire (1993) and Air Force One (1997), political thrillers starring Clint Eastwood and Harrison Ford respectively. The Perfect Storm (2000) showed that cataclysmic natural disaster and special effects spectacle were also part of Petersen’s repertoire. His most celebrated film has probably been Das Boot (The Boat) of 1981, the story of the crew of a German U- boat during the Battle of the Atlantic in 1941. The finely judged and politically impartial portrayal of ordinary men, caught up in the terror and tedium of war, suggested that Petersen, if anyone, might be able to do some justice to the Homeric depiction of the Trojan War in the Iliad.
    [Show full text]
  • Films Shown by Series
    Films Shown by Series: Fall 1999 - Winter 2006 Winter 2006 Cine Brazil 2000s The Man Who Copied Children’s Classics Matinees City of God Mary Poppins Olga Babe Bus 174 The Great Muppet Caper Possible Loves The Lady and the Tramp Carandiru Wallace and Gromit in The Curse of the God is Brazilian Were-Rabbit Madam Satan Hans Staden The Overlooked Ford Central Station Up the River The Whole Town’s Talking Fosse Pilgrimage Kiss Me Kate Judge Priest / The Sun Shines Bright The A!airs of Dobie Gillis The Fugitive White Christmas Wagon Master My Sister Eileen The Wings of Eagles The Pajama Game Cheyenne Autumn How to Succeed in Business Without Really Seven Women Trying Sweet Charity Labor, Globalization, and the New Econ- Cabaret omy: Recent Films The Little Prince Bread and Roses All That Jazz The Corporation Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room Shaolin Chop Sockey!! Human Resources Enter the Dragon Life and Debt Shaolin Temple The Take Blazing Temple Blind Shaft The 36th Chamber of Shaolin The Devil’s Miner / The Yes Men Shao Lin Tzu Darwin’s Nightmare Martial Arts of Shaolin Iron Monkey Erich von Stroheim Fong Sai Yuk The Unbeliever Shaolin Soccer Blind Husbands Shaolin vs. Evil Dead Foolish Wives Merry-Go-Round Fall 2005 Greed The Merry Widow From the Trenches: The Everyday Soldier The Wedding March All Quiet on the Western Front The Great Gabbo Fires on the Plain (Nobi) Queen Kelly The Big Red One: The Reconstruction Five Graves to Cairo Das Boot Taegukgi Hwinalrmyeo: The Brotherhood of War Platoon Jean-Luc Godard (JLG): The Early Films,
    [Show full text]
  • Sound Track Cologne
    EUROPE’S LEADING EVENT ON MUSIC AND SOUND IN FILM, TV, GAMES AND MEDIA Wilbert Roget, II • Workshop Discussion Reality Check/Sync • Catherine Grieves Reality Check • Challenges for the implementation of the Working with Virtual Instruments • Chris Hein Carmine Street Guitars Davíð Þór Jónsson • Workshop Discussion Ever After • Case Study Creating the Soundscape of Anno 1800 Lolita Ritmanis • Workshop Discussion Diego Baldenweg with Nora Baldenweg and Sound Design & Music • Kraftwerk 3D – An FILMFORUM NRW Wilbert Roget, II has written diverse scores with Catherine Grieves is an experienced music su - Creative.Composers.Connection EU Copyright Directive Christian Hein and Bernd Keul demonstrate Official German Cinema Premiere Pianist, musician and composer Davíð Þór Germany, after the zombie apocalypse: In this talk Stefan Randelshofer, Audio Director EMMY Award -winning Lolita Ritmanis is one of Lionel Baldenweg • Workshop Discussion Immersive Audio Adventure IM MUSEUM memorable themes, including Call of Duty: pervisor and composer agent. Recent music Members of the track15 female composers The new EU Copyright Directive, finally the MIDI production of a beautiful orchestral Doc., D: Ron Mann, CA 2019, 80’ Jónsson is this year’s winner of the HARPA Weimar and Jena stand as last bastions of hu - at Ubisoft Blue Byte, will offer an in-depth look the most sought-after composers for animated The siblings also known as GREAT GARBO, Tom Ammermann has created Kraftwerk’s com - LUDWIG CONSILIUM WWII, Mortal Kombat 11, Lara Croft and the supervision credits include the BAFTA nomi - collective speak about composer teams. The adopted in April 2019, provides - next to re - composition: Christian explains techniques A small, inconspicuous guitar shop in Green - Nordic Film Composers Award , the joint Film manity.
    [Show full text]
  • XXI:11) Wim Wenders, WINGS of DESIRE/DER HIMMEL ÜBER BERLIN (1987, 128 Min
    November 9, 2010 (XXI:11) Wim Wenders, WINGS OF DESIRE/DER HIMMEL ÜBER BERLIN (1987, 128 min) Directed by Wim Wenders Written by Wim Wenders, Peter Handke and Richard Reitinger Produced by Anatole Dauman and Wim Wenders Music by Laurie Anderson, Jürgen Knieper, Laurent Petitgand, Nick Cave Cinematography by Henri Alekan Film Editing by Peter Przygodda Dedicatees: Yasujiro Ozu, François Truffaut, and Andrzei Tarkovsky as Andrzej Bruno Ganz....Damiel Solveig Dommartin....Marion Otto Sander....Cassiel Curt Bois....Homer, the aged poet Peter Falk....Der Filmstar WIM WENDERS (14 August 1945,Düsseldorf, North Rhine- Westphalia, Germany) has directed 45 films, among them Don't Come Knocking 2005, Land of Plenty 2004, “The Soul of a Man” Maudits/The Damned 1947, La Belle et la bête/Beauty and the episode in the PBS series “The Blues” 2003, Buena Vista Social Beast 1946, Vénus aveugle/Blind Venus 1941 and La Vie est à Club 1999, Willie Nelson at the Teatro 1998, The End of nous/The People of France. Violence 1997, Lumière et compagnie/Lumière and Company 1996, Lisbon Story 1994, Bis ans Ende der Welt/Until the End of BRUNO GANZ (22 March 1941, Zürich-Seebach, Switzerland) the World 1991, Wings of Desire/Hummel über Berlin (1987), has acted in 86 films, the most recent of them The Great Farrell Paris, Texas 1984, Hammett 1982, Lightning Over Water/Nick’s 2006 (in production). Some of the others are Der Untergang Film 1980, Der Amerikanische Freund/The American Friend 2004, The Manchurian Candidate 2004, Mia aioniotita kai mia 1977, Der Scharlachrote Buchstabe/The Scarlet Letter 1973, Die mera/Eternity and a Day 1998, Prague 1992, Strapless 1989, Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter/The Goalie's Anxiety at the The Legendary Life of Ernest Hemingway 1988, Killer aus Penalty Kick 1972, Alabama: 2000 Light Years from Home 1969, Forida 1983, Rece do gory/Hands Up! 1981, Nosferatu: and Schauplätze 1967.
    [Show full text]
  • Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) Das Boot
    RAIDERS OF THE LOST ARK (1981) A homage to rather than a spoof of the Saturday matinee serials of the 1930s, Raiders of the Lost Ark brought producer George Lucas (hot from Star Wars) together with director Steven Spielberg, for a movie combining excitement, special effects, and adventure, all played with a wry sense of humor. Harrison Ford, in the role that suited him best in all his career, stars as Indiana Jones, a tweed-wearing professor of archaeology by day, who spends the rest of his time scouring the globe for treasures and artifacts—like the Lost Ark of the Covenant (the gold chest in which Moses supposedly stored the stone tablets inscribed with the Ten Commandments). Unfortunately, the Nazis are after it too, having heard that any army who carries the ark before it is indestructible. With his trademark fedora, bullwhip, and rumpled clothes, Indy outruns a speeding boulder in a booby-trapped cavern, escapes from a pit of snakes, dodges sinister bandits in an African market, and hangs underneath a moving DAS BOOT (1981) West Germany (Bavaria, Radiant, U.S. (Lucasfilm, Paramount) 115m truck in a nail-biting chase through the desert. These are only some of the THE BOAT SDR, WDR) 149m Technicolor Language: German / English Metrocolor movie’s impressive set pieces. Our dashing hero is no Superman, though, Director Wolfgang Petersen’s 1981 World War II drama Das Boot was nominated Director: Wolfgang Petersen Language: English / German / getting beaten and bashed up at every turn. for six Academy Awards, a “mission impossible” for any foreign film.
    [Show full text]
  • Friendly Fire Live Show Ever Was at Sketchfest in San Francisco!
    00:00:00 Promo Clip Music: Sweeping, dramatic action music over a plane engine/propeller. Speaker 1: Can you fly that thing? Speaker 2: Let's find out. [Music fades down, but continues playing through the promo.] 00:00:02 Promo Clip Ben Harrison: We're coming to San Francisco Sketchfest in January and doing a live show, guys! John Roderick: Our live shows are amazing. You know, the first Friendly Fire live show ever was at Sketchfest in San Francisco! Adam Pranica: It's true. Ben: January 16th, we're playing the Gateway Theatre of San Francisco. [He or Adam laughs quietly.] John: Come to it! Ben: And Adam, what movie are we going to be reviewing? Adam: I said I wouldn't do a Friendly Fire live show again unless we did... Rambo III! Ben: [Stifling laughter] The one where he teams up with the Mujahideen and fights the Russians in Afghanistan! Adam: It's fantastic. John: It is not fantastic, but we're gonna do it. Adam: It's better than Commando! [Ben laughs.] John: And it's gonna be great, because our live shows are hi-larious. Ben: January 16th. Get your tickets at SFSketchfest.com or FriendlyFire.fm/live today. [Music fades out.] 00:00:52 Music Music Dramatic music plays under Adam’s dialogue. 00:00:54 Adam Host To be charitable, Germany has a... shall we say, strained relationship with war films? And I mean that in a couple of ways: as the Axis power in a couple of world wars, German soldiers are often—and accurately—depicted as “the bad guys.” And that’s fair any time the side you fight for wages a protracted campaign of genocide.
    [Show full text]
  • Kih Presse 09
    Der Ort Nach den außerordentlichen Erfolgen der vergangenen Jahre mit u.a. ”Der rote Korsar”, “Die Legende vom Ozeanpianisten” oder “Master and Commander” (am Abend genießen bis zu 5.000 Besucher die ausgefallene Kino-Atmosphäre) wird es am 07. und 08. August 2009 wieder ein fil- misches Open-Air-Spektakel im ”Schaufenster Fischereihafen” geben. Beginn ist jeweils ca. 22 Uhr (Einbruch der Dunkelheit) - immer mit Vorprogramm ab 21 Uhr. Veranstalter ist erneut das Kulturamt der Seestadt Bremerhaven. Der Eintritt ist frei. Kino im Hafen 2009 Der Ort Unterstützt wird das Vorhaben von einer Vielzahl namhafter, regional ansässiger Firmen. In bewährter Technik werden insgesamt 20 Container das Rückgrat für die Leinwand bilden, die mit rd.180 Quadratmetern Fläche die Maße einer ausgewachsenen 7-Zimmer-Wohnung erreicht. Aus Containern wird ebenfalls die Projektionskabine für den zentnerschweren Spezial- Filmprojektor gebaut, der das Bild gut 70 Meter weit auf die Leinwand werfen wird. Bereits seit 1996 genießen Touristen und Einheimische die ausgefallene Kino-Atmosphäre. Laut Verband der Filmverleiher gehört "Kino im Hafen" auf Grund der Besucherzahlen zu den Top Ten der Freiluftkinos in Deutschland. Kino im Hafen 2009 Die Filme AM 07.08.: Finnischer Tango Alex hat keine Freundin, keine netten Eltern und keinen Bausparvertrag. Dafür hat er den Finnischen Tango. Sein Akkordeon ist ihm wichtiger als seine Kumpels, mit denen er erfolglos durch Deutschland tourt – bis sich einer der bei- den das Leben nimmt und der andere Band und Freundschaft aufkündigt. Alex steht plötzlich allein da. Auf der Flucht vor Schulden und Einsamkeit erfährt er von einer Behindertentheatergruppe, die noch einen Mitspieler sucht.
    [Show full text]
  • Troy from Homer's Iliad to Hollywood Epic
    Troy From Homer’s Iliad to Hollywood Epic H Troy From Homer’s Iliad to Hollywood Epic Edited by Martin M. Winkler © 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd blackwell publishing 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Martin M. Winkler to be identified as the Author of the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Troy : from Homer’s Iliad to Hollywood epic / edited by Martin M. Winkler. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-3182-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-4051-3182-9 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-3183-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-4051-3183-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Troy (Motion picture) 2. Trojan War. 3. Trojan War—Motion pictures and the war. I. Winkler, Martin M. PN1997.2.T78 2007 791.43′72—dc22 2005030974 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 10/12.5pt Photina by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Singapore by Fabulous Printers The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices.
    [Show full text]
  • Das Boot Lets Sky Deutschland Show the Immersive Power of Dolby Atmos
    Das Boot lets Sky Deutschland show the immersive power of Dolby Atmos On its release in 1981, the German film Das Boot was So when Sky Deutschland and Bavaria Fiction announced they were quickly declared a true epic of European cinema. collaborating on a TV series sequel, anything short of brilliance would have been fatal. Fortunately, in the years between the 1981 original and 2017’s start Following a World War II German submarine, U-96, of production, new tools and techniques have emerged that allow television and its crew during the Battle of the Atlantic, its mix of creatives to fully realise truly cinematic results. astute, sympathetic psychological observation, and vivid After the first series of Das Boot saw sales to over 100 territories backed up depictions of the tedium, terror, and exultations of war by critical and popular success in 2019, a second series was commissioned has been a tough act to follow. and went out to similar praise in 2020. Central to both series’ success, as the production crew readily acknowledges, is Dolby Atmos, the immersive three- dimensional audio technology. Like Das Boot, Dolby Atmos has a cinematic heritage but has evolved to enhance home entertainment. You can’t get more intense than life on a military submarine, and a key to achieving immersive intensity was audio. Creating the best possible audio environment for the story had a lot of dramatically different challenges. “We had multiple strands. On sea, on land, in the world of refugees and 1940s New York. So many different soundscapes were needed to give each its unique experience.” Marcus Ammon, Senior Vice President Original Production, Sky Deutschland “It is high definition, high resolution.
    [Show full text]
  • The Submarine Crew - a Serious Game Relating to the German Movie "Das Boot"
    i “proceedings” — 2017/8/24 — 12:20 — page 451 — #451 i i i MaximilianMaximilian Eibl, Eibl, Martin Martin Gaedke. Gaedke (Hrsg.): INFORMATIK 2017, LectureLecture Notes Notes in Informatics in Informatics (LNI), (LNI), Gesellschaft Gesellschaft für für Informatik, Informatik, Bonn Bonn 2017 2017 451 1 The Submarine Crew - A Serious Game relating to the German Movie "Das Boot" Pierre Suchacek,1 Annette Köhler,2 Florian Höschl,3 Michael Felleisen4 Abstract: This project is based on the movie "Das Boot"by Bavaria Filmstudios, Munich. The resulting application is a mobile Serious Game that tells the story about a German submarine crew and their mission during World War II. The purpose of the Game is to convey key aspects of different tasks on a submarine and the interplay of the crew members as seen inthemovie. The player starts in a scenario that takes place in 1941. Five different roles with different responsibilities need to be managed. Each task depends on information of other crew members, simulating a realistic submarine work flow. Keywords: SeriousGame; DasBoot; BavariaFilmstudio; SubmarineCrew; WorldWarII 1 Introduction It’s the year 1941. The German Submarines have the order to scupper merchant ships that deliver Great Britain with important goods for war affairs. The fight is getting harder because these ships are guided by destroyers more and more. In this situation, the German submarine U96 was instructed to sail. The crew celebrates its last night ashore with a coltish feast in a French brothel in La Rochelle, before it finally sails out from Saint-Nazaire. [Da] This quotation is taken and translated from the introduction sequence of this game.
    [Show full text]
  • Munich: a Globally Fluent Metropolitan Economy
    Munich: A globally fluent metropolitan economy A case study for the Global Cities Initiative : A Joint Project of Brookings and JPMorgan Chase by Greg Clark and Tim Moonen November 2014 Introduction to the Global Fluency project of the In the first round of research, the team tested the Global Cities Initiative validity of the 10 traits hypothesis by preparing case studies on 42 metropolitan areas, verifying their Between autumn 2012 and spring 2013, as part of findings with local experts. The case study cities were: the Global Cities Initiative, Brookings’ scholars based Bangalore, Barcelona, Bilbao, Boston, Brisbane, Busan, in Washington, D.C., and London began to formulate Cape Town, Chicago, Colombo, Denver, Greenville, the idea of ‘global fluency’ and the traits cities require Hamburg, Helsinki, Istanbul, London, Los Angeles, to achieve it. The project evolved from the observation Mexico City, Miami, Milan, Minneapolis-St. Paul, that in an increasingly interconnected world economy, Moscow, Munich, Nairobi, Nanjing, New York, Omaha, cities exhibit different degrees of global understanding, Oslo, San Antonio, San Francisco, San Jose, São Paulo, competence, behaviour and reach that affect how Seattle, Shenzhen, Singapore, Sydney, Tel Aviv, Tokyo, they optimize their role in globalization and ultimately Toronto, Vienna, Washington, DC, Wichita and Zurich. impact on future progress. This first phase of the project produced a number of The target audience is metro area leaders and important insights: economic development practitioners who desire to • Cities at are at different stages in the path towards be more intentional about the global futures of their seamless engagement with global markets. They regions.
    [Show full text]