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The Generic and Infrageneric Taxa Described by Ethelwynn Trewavas

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Environmental Biology o f Fishes 41: 55-61,1994. © 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. The generic and infrageneric taxa described by Ethelwynn Trewavas P. Humphry Greenwood J.L.B. Smith Institute o f Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140 South Africa Either as the sole author, or in collaboration (especially with C. Tate Regan), Ethelwynn Trewavas was re­ sponsible for describing and naming at least 462 genera, subgenera, species and subspecies. Doubtless, in compiling this index (which, intentionally does not include nomina nova she established) I have overlooked Trewavas taxa; for those oversights I can only apologise. In many respects, as she herself often remarked, aspects of systematics, and read extensively in the Ethelwynn entered the field of taxonomic ichthyol­ literature of evolutionary biology. Those wide- ogy at a fortunate time. It was a time when large ranging interests were very obvious throughout my collections of fishes were arriving in the British Mu­ long association with her, particularly so during the seum (Natural History), many from the still poorly time when, in the early 1960’s, Donn Rosen and I sampled Great Lakes of Africa, others from the were roughing-out our ideas of a phylogenetic clas­ then little explored deeper oceanic waters. Above sification for teleosts (Greenwood et al. 1966) and all, she had the great advantage of having Tate Re­ often had long and beneficial discussions with her. gan as her guide and mentor. He too was fortunate Her few publications in the field of higher-level in having Ethelwynn as his student and assistant, taxonomy are surprising, too, when one recalls that and both were lucky to be working at a period when her major doctoral research (on the hyoid and la­ financially and philosophically the Museums of the rynx of Anura) was in large part stimulated by No­ world were able to concentrate their activities ble’s work on the phylogeny of the group, a study mainly on research. The times of penury and expen­ which had paid scant attention to that important as­ sive theme park-like exhibitions were yet to come. pect of the animals’ anatomy. Then, too, her early Ethelwynn was not only a tireless worker, but a association with Tate Regan was at a time when he gifted taxonomist, one not merely of the ‘stamp-col­ was preparing his major synthetic work on the clas­ lecting’ variety, but a true biologist who recognised sification of teleosts (later published in the 14th edi­ the corpses she handled as once living entities and tion of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1929), one, to­ essential elements of the biotopes from whence gether with his earlier papers, long accepted as the they were collected. I have not been able to carry definitive work in that field. out a detailed analysis to determine the current sta­ Perhaps her reticence in this sphere of systematic tus of all the taxa in whose recognition and descrip­ ichthyology stemmed from her high regard for Tate tion she was involved; however, for the African Ci- Regan’s work coupled with the fascination that chlidae (and non-cichlids) my estimate would be African cichlids, especially the tilapiines, held for that more than 80% are still regarded as valid - and her, and her strong views on the pragmatic impor­ that is despite the activities of the many taxonomists tance to fishery biologists of sound alpha-level tax­ now studying the freshwater fishes of the continent. onomy. Interestingly, and somewhat surprisingly, little of Be that as it may, all those who were to be in­ Ethelwynn’s work was concerned with higher-level volved later either in cichlid taxonomy or working systematics, especially the phyletic inter- and intra­ with those fishes in applied research, are deeply in­ relationships of the groups she studied. This is sur­ debted to Ethelwynn, as are the many people who prising because she certainly was interested in those benefited from her tutelage and knowledge. 56 The list of taxa which follows has been arranged, neatus; mocoensis firstly in higher taxonomic categories, and then 1938 (17) Barbus wohlerti within those groups, by families. Within a family the 1941 (23) Barbus arabicus members of each taxonomic rank (i.e. genus, sub­ 1941 (23) Garra brittoni; tibanica genus, species or subspecies) are listed in chrono­ 1955 (50) Typhlogarra widdowstoni logical (i.e. annual) order of their publication. The 1974 (94) Labeo camerunensis year of publication is followed, in parentheses, by STOMIIFORMES the number allocated to that particular publication Chauliodontidae in Noakes (1994). The type species (abbreviated as Sp. nov. 1939 (4) Chauliodus danae t.s.) and its author is given for each genus and sub­ Astronesthidae genus. Gen. nov. 1929 (4) Diplolynchus (t.s. D. lucifer The names of the taxa are as originally published; no attempt has been made to indicate the present Regan & Trewavas, 1929) status of a taxon or changes in its nomenclature (i.e. Heterophotus (t.s. H. ophistoma Re­ synonymy, allocation to other genera, etc.). Esch- gan & Trewavas, 1929) meyer (1990) should be consulted for details about Rhadinesthes (t.s. Astronesthes deci- the nomenclatural status of all generic names in the mus Zugmayer, 1911) list and for the current familial placement of the Neonesthes (t.s. N. macrolynchnus genera. Regan & Trewavas, 1929) Spp. nov. Astronesthes caulophorus; cyclopho- OSTARIOPHY SI tus; filifer; leucopogon; longiceps; Series Anotophysi luetkeni; neopogon; oculatus Kneriidae Borostomias macristius; macro- Sp. nov. 1936 (15) Kneria polli phthalmus; panamaensis; schmidti Series Otophysi Diplolynchus bifllis; lucifer; monone- Clariidae ma Sp. nov. 1936 (15) Clarias cavernicola Heterophotus ophistoma Mochokidae Neonesthes macrolynchnus Sp. nov. 1974 (94) Chiloglanis disneyi Melanostomiidae Schilbeidae Gen. nov. 1930 (5) Chirostomias (t.s. C. pliopte- Gen. nov. 1943 (28) Irvineia (t.s. I. voltae Tre- rus Regan & Trewavas, 1930) wavas, 1943) Haplostomias (t.s. H. tentaculatus Spp. nov. 1943 (28) Irvineia voltae Regan & Trewavas, 1930) 1964 (70) Irvineia orientalis Thysanactis (t.s. T. dentex Regan & Amphiliidae Trewavas, 1930) Sp. nov. 1936 (15) Amphilius lentiginosus Trigonolampa (t.s. Trig, miriceps Re­ Characidae gan & Trewavas, 1930) Sub-gen.nov. 1949 (39) Oligosarcus (Paroligo- Sub-gen. nov. Bathophilus (Notopodichthys), sarcus), t.s. O. pintoi Amaral-Campos, 1945 t.s. B. brevis Regan & Trewavas, Sp. nov. 1936 (15) Micralestes argyrotaenia 1930 Cyprinidae Bathophilus (Trichochirus), (t.s. B. Gen. nov. 1955 (50) Typhlogarra (t.s. T. wid- paweeni Regan & Trewavas, 1930) dowstoni Trewavas, 1955) Eustomias (Achirostomias), t.s. E. li- Spp. nov. 1973 (88) Acanthobrama telavivensis pochirus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 1936 (15) Barbus breviceps; dossoli- 57 Eustomias (Dinematochirus), t.s. E. Pachystomias atlanticus fissibarbis Pappenheim, 1914 Photonectes achirus; caerulescens; di­ Eustomias (Haploclonus), t.s. E. em- nema; fimbria; leucospilus; mono- barbatus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 dactylus; ovibarba; parvimanus; Eustomias (Nominostomias), t.s. E. phyllopogon bibulbosus Parr, 1927 Idiacanthidae Eustomias (Spilostomias), t.s. E. Idiacanthus panamensis braueri Zugmayer, 1911 Malacosteidae Eustomias (Triclonostomias), t.s. E. Spp. nov. Aristostomias lumifer; polydactylus; drechseli Regan & Trewavas, 1930 uncodentatus; xenostoma Eustomias (Urostomias), t.s. E. ma- Malacosteus danae crurus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 LOPffllFORMES Photonectes (Melanonectes), t.s. P. For current family placements, see Eschmeyer dinema Regan & Trewavas, 1930 (1990). Photonectes (Microchirichthys), t.s. Gen. nov. 1932 (8) Amacrodon (t.s. Thaumat- f! parvimanus Regan & Trewavas, ichthys binghami Parr, 1927) 1930 Anomalophryne (t.s. Haplophryne Spp. nov. Bathophilus brevis; chironema; hudsonius Beebe 1929) longipes; melas; paweeni; proxi- Caranactis (t.s. Caranactis pumilus mus; schizochirus Regan & Trewavas, 1932) Echiostoma guentheri Centrocetus (t.s. Centrocetus spinulo- Eustomias acinosus; barbura; bimar- sus Regan & Trewavas, 1932) ginatus; bituberatus, botrypogon, Centrophryne (t.s. Centrophryne spi- brevifilis; dactylobolus; dendriti- nulosa Regan & Trewavas, 1932) cus; drechseli; embarbatus; frondo- Chirophryne (t.s. Chirophryne xeno- sus; furcifer; globulifer; leptobolus; lophus Regan & Trewavas, 1932) lipochirus; macronema; macrurus; Cryptolychnus (t.s. Cryptolychnus melanobolus; melanonema; mela- micractis Regan & Trewavas, nostigma; monoclonus; monodac- 1932) tylus; parri; patulus; pyrifer; ramu- Ctenochirichthys (t.s. Ctenochirich- losus; schmidti; silvescens; simplex; thys longimanus Regan & Trewa­ tenisoni; triramus; trituberatus; xe- vas, 1932) nobolus; variabilis Nannoceratias (t.s. Nannoceratias Haplostomias bituberatus; tentacula- denticulatus Regan & Trewavas, tus 1932) Lamprotoxus paucifilis, phanobran- Teleotrema (t.s. Teleotrema microph- chus thalmus Regan & Trewavas, 1932) Leptostomias analis, gracilis; haplo- Trematorhynchus (t.s. Rhynchocera- caulus; longibarba; leptobolus; ra- tias leucorhinus Regan, 1925) mosus Tyrranophryne (t.s. Tyrranophryne Melanostomias albibarba; biseriatus; pugnax Regan & Trewavas, 1932) heteropogon; macrophotus; mar- Xenoceratias (t.s. Xenoceratias longi- garidfer; melanocaulus; melanopo- rostris Regan & Trewavas) gon; spilorhynchus Sub. gen. nov. Dolopichthys (Leptacanthich- thys), t.s. D. gracilispinis Regan, Trematorhynchus exiguus; obliqui- 1925 dens Dolopichthys (Microlophichthys), Terranophryne pugnax t.s. D. microlophus Regan, 1925 Xenoceratias brevirostris;
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    190 Diplotaxodon, Rhamphochromis & Pallidochromis / Turner et al. Identification and Biology of Diplotaxodon, Rhamphochromis and Pallidochromis George F. Turner, Rosanna L. Robinson, Paul W. Shaw & Gary R. Carvalho Abstract Introduction We present preliminary morphological and mo- The genera Rhamphochromis Regan, 1922 and lecular taxonomic studies of the genera Rhampho- Diplotaxodon Trewavas, 1935 include the most chromis, Diplotaxodon and Pallidochromis, along with pelagic of Lake Malawi’s cichlids (Turner, 1996). notes on their identification, distribution and ecol- Pallidochromis Turner, 1994, a more benthic form, is ogy. We suggest that Rhamphochromis is comprised also considered in this chapter, as it appears mor- of eight to ten species: R. longiceps, R. woodi, R. phologically intermediate between Diplotaxodon macrophthalmus, R. esox, possibly R. ferox and four and Rhamphochromis (Turner 1994a). Rhampho- or five undescribed species. We suggest that R. chromis species are streamlined elongated predators lucius and R. brevis may be junior synonyms of R. of fish and zooplankton. They usually have large woodi. We also believe that Rhamphochromis teeth and jaws. Diplotaxodon comprises a heteroge- leptosoma and R. melanotus are junior synonyms of neous mix of small-toothed silvery species with R. esox. We consider that the two types of R. ferox upwardly-angled jaws. The genus includes zoo- are not conspecific and we designate a lectotype. planktivores and predators of small pelagic fish. However, we have not yet been able to positively The genus Rhamphochromis was described by identify this species from recent collections. Regan (1922), who took the type species as Diplotaxodon may contain anything from 11 to 22 or Rhamphochromis longiceps (Günther, 1864).
  • Neotropical Vol.4

    Neotropical Vol.4

    Neotrop. Helminthol., 4(1), 2010 2010 Asociación Peruana de Helmintología e Invertebrados Afines (APHIA) ISSN: 2218-6425 impreso / ISSN: 1995-1043 on line NOTA CIENTÍFICA/ RESEARCH NOTE FIRST REPORT OF ENTEROGYRUS CICHLIDARUM PAPERNA 1963 (MONOGENOIDEA: ANCYROCEPHALIDAE) ON NILE TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS CULTURED IN BRAZIL PRIMER CASO DE ENTEROGYRUS CICHLIDARUM PAPERNA 1963 (MONOGENOIDEA: ANCYROCEPHALIDAE) EN TILAPIA DEL NILO OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS DE CAUTIVERIO EN BRASIL Gabriela Tomas Jerônimo1, Giselle Mari Speck1 & Mauricio Laterça Martins1,2 Suggested citation: Jeronimo, G,T., Speck, G.M. & Martins, M.L. 2010. First report of Enterogyrus cichlidarum Paperna 1963 (Monogenoidea: Ancyrocephalidae) on Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus cultured in Brazil. Neotropical Helminthology, vol. 4, nº1, pp.75-80. Abstract This study reports the presence of Enterogyrus cichlidarum Paperna, 1963 (Monogenoidea: Ancyrocephalidae) in the stomach of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758, cultured in the State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. A total of 98 fish originating from a fish pond culture in Joinville, South Brazil, were examined. The fish were collected in the winter of 2007, in the summer, autumn, winter and spring of 2008. After anesthetized and sacrificed in a benzocaine solution, their stomachs were removed, bathed in 55°C water, fixed in 5% formalin for quantification and attainment of the prevalence rate, mean intensity, mean abundance and mounted in Hoyer's. Prevalence rate throughout the period was 94%. The greatest mean intensities occurred in August 2008 and November 2008, followed by July 2007, January and May 2008. The great majority of Monogenoidea are branchial and cutaneous ectoparasites, however reports of its invasion in the internal organs are rare.