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Social Process in Hawaii A N D К L- vV vV i_iiN D SOCIAL PROCESS IN HAWAII Published by the SOCIOLOGY CLUB in collaboration with THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII .os AMeeirs VOLUME II M A Y 1936 HONOLULU, HAWAII, U.S.A. SOCIAL PROCESS IN HAWAII Published by the Sociology Club in Collaboration with the Department of Sociology University of Hawaii MAY 1936 VOLUM E II EDITOR Kum Pui Lai MANAGING EDITOR ADVISOR Marion Y. P. Wang Andrew W. Lind 9 ------------ CONTENTS SOCIAL PROCESS IN HAWAII (Foreword) .... Кгіт Pui Lai 2 STATEHOOD FOR HAW AII ........................................Romaonzo A dam s 4 THE COMPETITION OF LANGUAGES IN HAWAII . John Reinecke 7 RACIAL FACTORS i n t h e EMPLOYMENT of W OM EN Jane Dranga 11 ATTITUDES OF HOTEL WORKERS .... Douglas Yamamura 15 SOME FILIPINO TRAITS TRANSPLANTED . Roman Cariaga 20 FIFTY AGED PUERTO R ICA NS .............................................Kum Pui Lai 24 RESIDENTIAL DISPERSION o f URBAN CHINESE Clarence Glick 28 THE CHINESE 2.TORE a s a SOCIAL INSTITUTION Bung Chong Lee 35 LEAVES FROM THE LIFE HISTORY OF A CHINESE IMMIGRANT ...................... Elizabeth Wang 39 FAMILIAL SURVIVALS IN RURAL HAWAII . Shiku Ogura 43 THE TAXI DANCE HALL IN HONOLULU Virginia Lord & Alice Lee 46 POPULATION TRENDS IN H AW AII .......................Andrew W. Lind 51 RACE RELATIONS IN H A W A II .................................. Romanzo Adams 56 Social Process In Hawaii FOREWORD By KUM PUI LAI The intermingling of peoples of in particular, assimilation is gradual­ many different races and cultures ly taking place and a language and has made of Hawaii, in the words culture are developing which are d:s- of Professor Robert E. Park, “one tinctly Hawaiian and American. Mr. of the most interesting laboratories Reinecke in the second article calls in the world.” The students in sociol­ attention to the processes involved in ogy at the University of Hawaii have the creation of a “Hawaiian English therefore a peculiar opportunity to Dialect” through the competition of acquire an understanding of social several languages. Although the sec­ theories and problems in refer­ ond and third generation youths are ence to concrete situations. Their far on the road to acculturation, the attempts at mastery of sociological opponents of statehood still contend theory have been based upon analyses that the predominance of Orientals is of the processes at work about them. an obstacle in Hawaii’s path towards In this volume, as in the first one pub­ statehood. Incidentally, the increase lished in 1936, they have brought to­ of second generation Orientals educat­ gether reports of separate studies ed in the American schools brings to made during the past year or two. the fore the questions of dual stand­ These presumably afford a better un­ ards in salaries, race discrimination in derstanding of social situations in Ha­ employment, citizen labor on the plan­ waii and also seek to make some con­ tations, and the adequate provision of tribution to the more general body employment for thousands of gradu­ of sociological knowledge. The writers ates imbued with the “white-collar” of the papers are participant observ­ complex. Mrs. Dranga discusses the ers and their researches, based on racial factors which may aid or hin­ “acquaintance with”, give a more in­ der the employment of women, espe­ timate portrayal of roles and situa­ cially in household work, while Mr. tions, which for many have been per­ Yamamura surveys a large hotel com­ sonal experiences. munity, recording the attitudes of the The first article on statehood for Japanese, Filipinos, and other racial Hawaii by Dr. Adams is of current groups in reference to their work and interest to mainlanders and Islanders. the types of people they meet. Hawaii’s statehood aspirations have The next two papers concern the gained much ground as evidenced by newer arrivals in Hawaii—the Filipi­ the report of the United States House nos who came between 1907-1930, and Territories subcommittee which de­ the Puerto Ricans, most of whom mi­ ferred action on the King Hawaiian grated to the Islands in 1901. Mr. Ca- Statehood Bill but expressed favora­ riaga, after giving a general histori­ ble attitudes toward eventual admis­ cal background for the understanding sion of Hawaii as a state. One of the of the Filipinos, describes some of contended oppositions to statehood is their traits transplanted to Hawaii. the heterogeneity of the population. He deals mainly with the customs and In spite of the tenacity of oriental usages surrounding the major crises customs among the first generation of life—birth, marriage, and death. Social Process in Hawaii (3) Mr. Lai in the following preliminary customs in Kona, Hawaii, writing study of the Puerto Ricans, a minor­ chiefly about courtship and marriage ity group, attempts to explain the customs. problems of maladjustment of the The natural rise of the taxi dance aged in terms of historical and cul­ hall, a description of the various tural processes. dance halls and excerpts from inter­ The Chinese, earliest among the views with taxi dancers, are subjects immigrants, and consequently with for study by Miss Lord and Miss greater opportunities for accultura­ Lee. Other so-called undesirable fea­ tion, are the subject for discussion in tures in this community such as pros­ the succeeding three essays. Mr. titution, gambling, and lax moral Glick analyses the residential disper­ practices may be viewed from a more sion of the Chinese in Honolulu to understanding perspective with a sub-urban areas, which is a phenome­ knowledge of the racial, sex, and age non different from the segregation composition of the population. In the and dispersion of immigrant groups treatise on population trends, Dr. to restricted areas in American ci­ Lind interprets changes in current ties. In the paper on the Chinese vital statistics. The last is a sum­ store, Mr. Lee depicts the former role mary statement by Dr. Adams of the of a first generation institution in race mores in Hawaii with special at­ a frontier society and its subsequent tention to inter-marriage and the rise decline in an American urban commu­ of a mixed population. nity. The next essay by Miss Wong It is expected that in future issues records the vivid experiences of a more attention will be given to rural Chinese woman in her ancestral vil­ processes and perhaps special num­ lage and in the New Land, and pro­ bers on education, employment, and vides a brief glimpse “behind the language institutions will be publish­ mask of the inscrutable Oriental.” ed. Although “Social Process” is di­ In rural Hawaii are many “cul­ rected largely to Island readers we tural pockets” where traits from the hope to be able to compare notes with old country remain more or less un­ other inter-cultural areas and there­ altered owing to fewer contacts with by to achieve a better perspective of the outside. Mr. Ogura in his article our social setup and its accompanying records some survivals of Japanese problems. “It is probably no mere historical accident that the word person, in its first meaning, is a mask. It is rather a recognition of the fact that every­ one is always and everywhere, more or less consciously, playing a role. We are parents and children, masters and servants, teachers and students, clients and professional men, Gentiles and Jews. It is in these roles that we know each other; it is in these roles that we know ourselves. In a sense, and in so far as this mask represents the conception we have formed of ourselves—the role we are striving to live up to—this mask is our truer self, the self we would like to be. In the end, our conception of our role becomes second nature and an integral part of our personality. We come into the world as individuals, achieve character, and become persons.”— Robert E. Park “Behind Our Masks”, The Survey Graphic, Vol. LVI, No. 3, May 1, 1926, page 137. Statehood For Hawaii By ROMANZO ADAMS There has been, in Hawaii, more or Would statehood be, on the whole, ad­ less talk about statehood for a long vantageous to Hawaii? Would it be time. The Territorial Legislature of advantageous to the nation? If the 1931 passed a resolution memorializ­ people of Hawaii answer the first of ing Congress and asking for state­ these questions affirmatively they hood. The Governor of the Territory will continue to seek a favorable de­ vetoed the resolution on the ground cision on the part of Congress. If the that it was premature. More recently American public answers the second our Delegate in Congress has intro­ affirmatively, it is probable that Con­ duced in Congress a bill designed to gress will take favorable action. result in Hawaii’s becoming a state. It may be admitted that commonly While it is practically certain that the laws passed by Congress and the this bill will not become a law, it may administrative rules of the executive be assumed that it represents a more department at Washington have been advanced development of local opin­ applied equally to Hawaii. There are, ion on the question and that the Con­ however, a few cases where such laws gress of the United States will, in or administrative rules have been ap­ future years, give more attention to plied unequally to Hawaii merely be­ the question, granting statehood, per­ cause it is not a state. Taxes in some haps, after the questions have been instances have been collected of the more fully considered. citizens of Hawaii where citizens of Since the question of statehood is statoe in a precisely corresponding likely to be before the people for a position were exempt.
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